CN202121362U - Charger based on active power factor correction technology - Google Patents

Charger based on active power factor correction technology Download PDF

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Publication number
CN202121362U
CN202121362U CN2011202475685U CN201120247568U CN202121362U CN 202121362 U CN202121362 U CN 202121362U CN 2011202475685 U CN2011202475685 U CN 2011202475685U CN 201120247568 U CN201120247568 U CN 201120247568U CN 202121362 U CN202121362 U CN 202121362U
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China
Prior art keywords
circuit
power factor
factor correction
input
active power
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CN2011202475685U
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Inventor
傅孟潮
李勇
孟祥军
黄德旭
孙志周
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State Grid Corp of China SGCC
Electric Power Research Institute of State Grid Shandong Electric Power Co Ltd
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Electric Power Research Institute of State Grid Shandong Electric Power Co Ltd
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02BCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B70/00Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
    • Y02B70/10Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes

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Abstract

The utility model relates to a charger based on an active power factor correction technology. The charger includes an input protective circuit, a bridge rectifier circuit, an active power factor correction circuit, a DC/DC switching circuit, a rectifier filter circuit, and a direct current output EMI circuit which are connected in series in order, wherein the DC/DC switching circuit and the direct current output EMI circuit are both connected with a DC/DC control and protective circuit; the input protective circuit is connected with an external power supply; the input terminal of the active power factor correction circuit is connected with the output terminal of the bridge rectifier circuit; the output terminal of the active power factor correction circuit is connected with the input terminal of the DC/DC switching circuit. The charger based on the active power factor correction technology can avoid the in-station harmonic wave interference, thus solving the in-station communication interference problem. The power factor correction is integrated with the charger, and a centralized harmonic wave treatment device is saved, so the electric energy quality of an electrical network is enhanced, the harmonic wave ratio is reduced, the on-site installation and debugging are convenient, and the complexity and cost of the charging station construction are reduced.

Description

Charger based on Active Power Factor Correction Technology
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of charging electric vehicle machine, particularly a kind of charger based on Active Power Factor Correction Technology.
Background technology
The progress of modern civilization is for human society has brought the huge social economic benefit.People have also profoundly experienced its huge side effect that brings at aspects such as the energy, environment when enjoying unprecedented cultural life, material life.
Automobile give human life bring quick comfortable in, also consumed a large amount of petroleum resources, discharging waste gas, manufacturing noise, natural ecological environment and mankind itself's health have also been brought the negative effect that can't avoid.At present, along with countries in the world to Vehicle Emission Control, energy problem's growing interest, cleaning, environmental protection, energy-conservation electric automobile have become the focus of world car industrial development.According to the national conditions of China, the development electric automobile is extremely urgent especially.Electric automobile is as the term suggests be exactly to be the automobile of all or part of power source with battery mainly.Restriction ev industry development at present mainly contains two aspects: the one, and battery itself, the 2nd, charging modes.Charger is as the most important component of charging station, and the complexity of its performance quality and construction and installation directly has influence on the popularization of electric automobile.
Adopting the charging electric vehicle machine of power electronic technology is a kind of high nonlinearity power consumption equipment; Be prone to cause grid loss increase, apparatus overheat and life loss, control and telecommunication circuit are produced interference; Produce a large amount of harmonic currents in the charger ac-dc conversion process simultaneously and inject utility network,, increase mains by harmonics content and reactive power the quality of power supply level that influences electrical network; To cause utility network pollution, power factor to descend; The electricity consumption facility environment is worsened, communication system and utility network are brought threat and infringement with external equipment, have a strong impact on power network safety operation and other user power utilization.Therefore, when building electric automobile charging station, need consider harmonic wave control and reactive power compensation problem in advance.
What electric automobile charging station extensively adopted at present is that independently passive/active power filtering apparatus is concentrated improvement; Though this centralized harmonic wave control equipment can be eliminated charging station to input harmonics of electric power network; But can't stop Harmonic Interference in the station, can't solve communication interference problem in the station, simultaneously centralized harmonic wave control equipment price is expensive; Installation and Debugging are complicated, increased the construction complexity and the cost of charging station.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the utility model is for overcoming the deficiency of above-mentioned prior art, provide a kind of and can stop Harmonic Interference in the station, can solving communication interference problem in the station; Power factor correction and charger are combined together; Save centralized harmonic wave control equipment simultaneously, improve the quality of power supply of electrical network, reduce relative harmonic content; Convenient on-the-spot Installation and Debugging reduce the complexity of charging station construction and the charger based on Active Power Factor Correction Technology of cost.
For realizing above-mentioned purpose, the utility model adopts following technical proposals:
A kind of charger based on Active Power Factor Correction Technology; Comprise input protection circuit connected in series successively, bridge rectifier, APFC, DC/DC translation circuit, current rectifying and wave filtering circuit; And direct current output EMI circuit; Wherein, the DC/DC translation circuit also all links to each other with protective circuit with DC/DC control with direct current output EMI circuit; Said input protection circuit links to each other with extraneous power supply; The input of said APFC connects the output of bridge rectifier, and the output of APFC connects the input of DC/DC translation circuit.
Said APFC comprises a high power factor correction chip and Boost circuit, and the output of said high power factor correction chip is connected on the power tube of Boost circuit; Said Boost circuit input end is connected to the output of bridge rectifier, and output is connected to the input of DC/DC translation circuit.
The model of said high power factor correction chip is UC2854BN.
Disclosed input protection circuit is identical among input protection circuit in the utility model and " Cao Caikai, the research of protective circuit of switch power source, relay, 2007, the 35:462-466 ".
The DC/DC translation circuit is identical with DC/DC translation circuit in " the multichannel output LLC of asymmetric mechanism such as Gu Yilei monarch Hang Li Lv Zhengyu resonant converter Proceedings of the CSEE 2006,26 (5): 82-87 ".
Direct current output EMI circuit with " Liu Chun, Zhu Xuejun, Zhang Yicheng etc. based on the switch power supply EMI Design of Filter electric drive 2008,38 (1) of synthetic choke: 27-30 " in direct current output EMI circuit identical.
DC/DC control is adopted DC-DC half-bridge circuit control chip L6599 with protective circuit; Through the sampling modulate circuit with the input/output voltage signal, the current signal that collect; Temperature signal is sent into control chip, and when abnormal conditions appearred in voltage, electric current and temperature, control chip turn-offed the output control signal; Cause DC/DC to quit work, play a protective role.Identical with " the application marine electronic antagonism 2009,32 (1) of high pressure resonant controller L6599 in the LLC half bridge resonant transformer: 111-114 " disclosed circuit.
The advantage of the utility model is: between bridge rectifier and DC/DC translation circuit, be connected APFC; Being used to regulate input current changes along with the variation of voltage; Make the variation ratio between voltage and the electric current be tending towards a definite value; The input of bridge rectifier presents resistance characteristic, and the THD that can make rectification circuit input end is less than 5%, and power factor can bring up to 0.99 and even higher; Can in the input voltage range of broad He under the broadband, work, and keep output voltage constant; Volume is little, and is in light weight.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the theory diagram of the utility model based on the charger of Active Power Factor Correction Technology;
Fig. 2 is the circuit block diagram of the boost power factor adjuster that provides of the utility model;
Fig. 3 is the basic control circuit calcspar of the active power factor corrector that provides of the utility model;
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the utility model is further specified.
Like Fig. 1, shown in 2; A kind of charger based on Active Power Factor Correction Technology; Comprise input protection circuit connected in series successively, bridge rectifier, APFC, DC/DC translation circuit, current rectifying and wave filtering circuit; And direct current output EMI circuit, wherein, the DC/DC translation circuit also all links to each other with protective circuit with DC/DC control with direct current output EMI circuit.
The input of said APFC connects the output of bridge rectifier, and the output of APFC connects the input of DC/DC translation circuit.
Wherein input protection circuit links to each other with extraneous power supply, and power supply detects to external world.
Bridge rectifier receives the power supply that input protection circuit sends, and makes it become adjusting pressuring dc power.
High-voltage DC power supply gets into APFC, has improved the power factor of charger, has reduced harmonic distortion, and the power factor of the utility model can reach 0.99, and THD is less than 5%.
The DC/DC translation circuit is used for the may command alternating impulse voltage in the isolated DC voltage.
The alternating pulse that current rectifying and wave filtering circuit is isolated output to the DC/DC translation circuit is compressed into capable rectifying and wave-filtering, presses through direct current output EMI circuit output galvanic current, and the power supply electrical automobile uses.
DC/DC control is used to produce the control signal of DC/DC conversion with protective circuit, detects output voltage, electric current and temperature simultaneously, and all these signals are all participated in the control and the protection of DC/DC conversion.
Consulting accompanying drawing 3, is a needed basic controller circuit block diagram of active power factor corrector.The output of output current multiplier 31 is referred to as Imo, and the output of this multiplier is the control command of input current.In Fig. 3, also comprised squarer 33 and divider 32, the main function of these circuit be output with voltage error amplifier divided by the mean value of input voltage the numerical value after squared, the value that obtains at last multiply by the voltage signal after the rectification again.This circuit that adds can make the gain of voltage circuit keep a definite value, the words voltage circuit gain that does not have it will be average input voltage square doubly.The mean value of input voltage is referred to as feed-forward voltage signal or V Ff, and when it is fed forward to voltage circuit when gain, this numerical value provides a correction of opening the loop, and this value is the divisor that needs to be used as after squared voltage error amplifier output voltage signal Vvea.
The control signal of electric current must be as much as possible near the line voltage signal after the rectification with the bring to power factor; If the bandwidth of voltage circuit is too big; Then this control loop will be regulated input current reaching the constant of output voltage, but can make the serious distortion of waveform of input current like this.Therefore the bandwidth of voltage circuit must be less than the frequency of input line voltage.But the transient response of voltage circuit again must be very fast, so the bandwidth of voltage circuit again need be big as much as possible.Squarer 33 can make the gain in loop keep definite value with the circuit that divider 32 is constituted, so the controller bandwidth just can be positioned as close to the frequency of input line voltage to reduce the transient change of output voltage.
The control circuit of APFC can import input current waveform with harmonic distortion and phase shift, the output that produces bridge rectifier that these reasons of error comprise input, multiplier 31 with and output and feed-forward voltage in ripple etc.
Two modulation processes are arranged in active power factor corrector, at first are the influences of the bridge rectifier of input, moreover are the influences that multiplier 31, divider 32 and squarer 33 are caused.Each modulation process all can produce the influence of product between two inputs, harmonic wave or side frequency (sideband), and these processes are all considerably complicated at mathematical expression.Yet what is interesting is that though the influence that these two kinds of modulations can be mutual, reciprocatable demodulation is so separating of it is quite simple.Ripple voltage in active power factor corrector all is the second harmonic of line electric voltage frequency.After these voltages are through the multiplication change-over circuit, the signal of gained will convert the control command of input current to, and after input current passed through the input rectifier diode again, the sizes values of second harmonic voltage will produce the composition of two kinds of different frequencies.These two compositions are respectively the triple-frequency harmonics composition and the basic wave composition of input line voltage frequency.And the voltage swing value of these two compositions is the half the of original second harmonic voltage swing value, and its phase place then phase place with original second harmonic is identical.If this ripple voltage sizes values is 10% and phase-shifted 90 degree of input line voltage sizes values; Then input current will produce a phase shift be 90 the degree; It also is 90 degree that size is added a phase shift for the triple-frequency harmonics of first-harmonic 5%, and size is the first harmonic of first-harmonic 5%.
Feed-forward voltage is the voltage with gained behind the voltage commutation that exchanges, and this voltage has the composition of a second harmonic, and the sizes values of this composition is 66% of an average input voltage sizes values.The filter capacitor of the feed-forward voltage divider second harmonic of having decayed widely, and eliminated the harmonic wave of higher-frequency effectively, therefore the input of feedforward only can have a spot of second harmonic.Shown in accompanying drawing 3, this feed-forward voltage will be sent in the squaring circuit.Because this ripple has quite high flip-flop, so the sizes values of ripple can be become twice.The composition of 32 pairs of ripples of divider is influence not, so this ripple can directly appear at the input of multiplier 31, becomes the third harmonic distortion and the phase shift of input current at last.Squaring circuit 33 is identical with the amount (representing with percentage) that conversion of signals becomes the movement response of twice to go out Harmonics of Input amount distortion (representing with percentage) and feedforward input ripple voltage.
Obviously, the ripple voltage of feedforward must be quite little, and the distortion of input current just can reduce.Ripple voltage can utilize one to have single limit and the low-down filter of cut-off frequency is decayed.Yet because system hopes that also very fast response can be arranged the variation of input voltage, so the response time of filter can not be too of a specified duration.Certainly, these two kinds of demands are contrary, so must find out a compromise method.Use a filter under the identical prerequisite of ripple attenuation, to provide than the single-pole filter time of transient response faster with duopole.Another advantage of two-pole filter is that its phase-shift phase is the twice of single-pole filter.And this will cause second harmonic phase shift 180 degree, and make the triple-frequency harmonics that is produced become identical with input voltage with the phase-shift phase of input current.If feed-forward voltage adds a single-pole filter, size will cause 0.97 power factor for its phase-shift phase of second harmonic ripple voltage of feedforward input 3%.If use the filter of a duopole, then on power factor, will not have any phase shift composition, reason is because its output is synchronous with input current.By the input current triple-frequency harmonics composition that feedforward input second harmonic is caused, its sizes values will be the same with the second harmonic ripple voltage.If 3% second harmonic in feed-forward voltage, occurs, then input current also will contain 3% third harmonic distortion.
The output capacitance because ripple current can be flowed through, so output voltage also can contain the ripple of second harmonic.This ripple voltage can take back the input of multiplier 31 via error amplifier, and is controlling input current as its output of feed-forward voltage signal result, and this also can cause the second harmonic distortion of input current.Because this ripple voltage can not pass through square circuit, harmonic distortion size and phase-shift phase that it causes will be half that ripple voltage causes.For fear of phase shift, the output ripple voltage of voltage error amplifier must with line voltage same-phase.Voltage error amplifier then must be with second harmonic phase shift 90 degree so that its output and line voltage same-phase.
Use the boosting type converter of average-current mode control method; The control of its voltage circuit has decline (roll off) characteristic of first order pole to output transfer function (control to output transferfunction), and therefore the error amplifier of an available flat gain compensates.Though this will produce a high stable loop that 90 degree phase boundaries (phase margin) are arranged, yet do not reach the design of optimization like this.Because its phase place of ripple voltage on the output capacitance and input current phasic difference 90 are mutually spent; Therefore if error amplifier has smooth gain for second harmonic frequency, the phase place of its phase place of the Harmonics of Input that is then caused and the resulting voltage of ac voltage rectifier also will differ 90 degree.Composition by with phase shift imports voltage error amplifier, and the power factor of system can improve.Can the composition of power factor phase shift be moved to like this with input voltage and coincide, and obtain the lifting of power factor.

Claims (3)

1. charger based on Active Power Factor Correction Technology; It is characterized in that; Comprise input protection circuit connected in series successively, bridge rectifier, APFC, DC/DC translation circuit, current rectifying and wave filtering circuit; And direct current output EMI circuit, wherein, the DC/DC translation circuit also all links to each other with protective circuit with DC/DC control with direct current output EMI circuit; Said input protection circuit links to each other with extraneous power supply; The input of said APFC connects the output of bridge rectifier, and the output of APFC connects the input of DC/DC translation circuit.
2. the charger based on Active Power Factor Correction Technology according to claim 1; It is characterized in that; Said APFC comprises a high power factor correction chip and Boost circuit, and the output of said high power factor correction chip is connected on the power tube of Boost circuit; Said Boost circuit input end is connected to the output of bridge rectifier, and output is connected to the input of DC/DC translation circuit.
3. the charger based on Active Power Factor Correction Technology according to claim 2 is characterized in that, the model of said high power factor correction chip is UC2854BN.
CN2011202475685U 2011-07-13 2011-07-13 Charger based on active power factor correction technology Expired - Lifetime CN202121362U (en)

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104362844A (en) * 2014-11-28 2015-02-18 广州视源电子科技股份有限公司 Control method and device for power factor correction
CN106537750A (en) * 2014-08-05 2017-03-22 三菱电机株式会社 Power conversion device
CN108418501A (en) * 2018-03-03 2018-08-17 上海理工大学 The Dual-mode control method of polyphase induction machine device
CN108448887A (en) * 2018-03-03 2018-08-24 上海理工大学 Polyphase induction machine device with active power factor correction and electrical equipment
CN116979662A (en) * 2023-09-22 2023-10-31 山东领傲电子科技有限公司 Charging abnormity detection system of charger

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106537750A (en) * 2014-08-05 2017-03-22 三菱电机株式会社 Power conversion device
CN106537750B (en) * 2014-08-05 2019-08-20 三菱电机株式会社 Power inverter
CN104362844A (en) * 2014-11-28 2015-02-18 广州视源电子科技股份有限公司 Control method and device for power factor correction
CN104362844B (en) * 2014-11-28 2018-01-23 广州视源电子科技股份有限公司 Control method and device for power factor correction
CN108418501A (en) * 2018-03-03 2018-08-17 上海理工大学 The Dual-mode control method of polyphase induction machine device
CN108448887A (en) * 2018-03-03 2018-08-24 上海理工大学 Polyphase induction machine device with active power factor correction and electrical equipment
CN116979662A (en) * 2023-09-22 2023-10-31 山东领傲电子科技有限公司 Charging abnormity detection system of charger
CN116979662B (en) * 2023-09-22 2023-12-19 山东领傲电子科技有限公司 Charging abnormity detection system of charger

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