Motorcycle is used rectification voltage regulator
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of motorcycle and uses rectification voltage regulator.
Background technology
At present, motorcycle generally is made up of rectification circuit, output voltage sampling circuit and thyristor gating circuit three parts with the short-circuit type rectification voltage regulator.Output voltage sampling circuit and thyristor gating circuit all adopt discrete component to constitute; Rectification circuit adopts rectifier diode and controllable silicon to form; With the three phase rectifier voltage regulator is example, and rectification circuit is made up of three forward rectifier diodes, three negative sense rectifier diodes and three controllable silicons.This rectification voltage regulator mainly exists heating big, and volume is big, and band carries the drawback of poor performance, and therefore limited of this rectification voltage regulator is used for the small-power occasion.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome above-mentioned defective, the utility model provides a kind of motorcycle to use rectification voltage regulator, and this rectification voltage regulator has not only reduced the power consumption of rectification circuit power component; And can improve the rotary speed property of product and be with a year performance through the single-chip microcomputer algorithm.
The utility model for the technical scheme that solves its technical problem and adopt is:
A kind of motorcycle is used rectification voltage regulator, and it comprises that rectification circuit, phase voltage signal Acquisition Circuit, output voltage sampling circuit, single chip machine controlling circuit, self-powered circuit and power tube drive and protective circuit;
Wherein: the output of the input of said rectification circuit and Motorcycle AC generator joins, and the output of said rectification circuit joins with said self-powered circuit and output voltage sampling circuit respectively; The input of said phase voltage Acquisition Circuit and the input of said rectification circuit join, and the output of said phase voltage Acquisition Circuit and the I/O of said single chip machine controlling circuit end join; Said power tube drives to hold with the I/O of said rectification circuit and said MCU driving control circuit respectively with protective circuit and joins; The I/O end of said output voltage sampling circuit and said single chip machine controlling circuit joins; Said phase voltage Acquisition Circuit is gathered the input voltage signal of said rectification circuit and is transmitted in said single chip machine controlling circuit, and said single chip machine controlling circuit is controlled said power tube and driven and protective circuit.
The every of said rectification circuit composed in series by diode and power switch pipe respectively mutually, and the anode of said diode and ac input end join.
Said diode is the diode of Schottky diode or other low pressure drop.
Said power switch pipe is one of metal-oxide-semiconductor and IGBT pipe.
Said single chip machine controlling circuit is made up of single-chip microcomputer and control circuit thereof.
The every of said phase voltage signal Acquisition Circuit is made up of resistance and diode and the electric capacity of two series connection respectively mutually, and the negative electrode of said diode connects positive supply, and its anode is connected between two resistance; Said electric capacity one end is connected between said two resistance, its other end ground connection.
Said output voltage sampling circuit comprises second resistance, the 13 resistance, the 9th resistance, the 9th electric capacity and the 11 voltage stabilizing didoe; Said second resistance and the 13 resistance serial connection, said the 9th electric capacity and the 11 voltage stabilizing didoe are connected to said the 13 resistance two ends respectively; One end of said the 9th resistance is electrically connected between said second resistance and the 13 resistance, and the I/O of the other end and said single chip machine controlling circuit end joins.
The positive-negative output end of said rectification circuit also connects an electric capacity, this electric capacity can be under the storage battery open-circuit condition smooth output voltage and self-powered circuit supplied power.
Said power tube drives and protective circuit comprises power tube drive circuit and power tube protective circuit; The every of said power tube drive circuit comprises respectively that mutually the VDS spike absorbs network, the VGS spike absorbs network, fast charging and discharging drive circuit, and said VGS spike absorbs network and is made up of resistance connected with each other, electric capacity and voltage stabilizing didoe; Said VDS spike absorbs network and is made up of resistance and capacitance series; Said fast charging and discharging drive circuit is by a resistance and three push-pull driver circuit that triode is formed; Every sampling resistor, the tenth resistance, the tenth electric capacity, the 11 resistance, the 12 resistance and first triode of comprising mutually of said power tube protective circuit; The resistance of said sampling resistor one end and said VDS spike absorption network joins other end ground connection away from an end of electric capacity; The grounded emitter of said first triode, base stage connect the 12 resistance one end, and collector electrode connects an end of the 11 resistance and the 12 resistance; Said the tenth electric capacity is connected between the base stage and emitter of said first triode; Another termination sampling resistor one end of said the 12 resistance.
Said self-powered circuit is made up of the 4th diode, the 5th diode, the 6th diode, the 7th diode, first resistance, first electric capacity, second electric capacity, the 3rd electric capacity, the 5th electric capacity, the 6th electric capacity, first pressurizer and second pressurizer; The anode of said the 5th, six, seven diodes respectively with said exchange output join, its negative electrode all is electrically connected on said first resistance, one end; The said first resistance other end is connected in series first pressurizer and second pressurizer successively; Said the 4th diode cathode is electrically connected on said first resistance, one end, and its anode is electrically connected on the output of said rectification circuit; Said first electric capacity one is terminated between said first resistance and first pressurizer, other end ground connection; Said second electric capacity is parallelly connected with the 5th electric capacity, and one is terminated between said first pressurizer and second pressurizer other end ground connection; Said the 3rd electric capacity is parallelly connected with the 6th electric capacity, and one is terminated at said second output end of voltage stabilizer, other end ground connection.
The beneficial effect of the utility model is:
1. rectification voltage regulator is made up of rectification circuit, phase voltage signal Acquisition Circuit, output voltage sampling circuit, single chip machine controlling circuit, self-powered circuit, power tube driving and protective circuit six parts.
2. rectification circuit adopts power diode and power switch pipe to form, and power diode can be the diode of Schottky diode or other low pressure drop, and power switch pipe can be metal-oxide-semiconductor or IGBT pipe.(following explanation power diode is pressed Schottky diode, and power switch pipe is described by metal-oxide-semiconductor) is example with the three phase rectifier voltage regulator, and rectification circuit is made up of three Schottky diodes and three metal-oxide-semiconductors, has lacked three power components than traditional rectification voltage regulator.The about 1.2V20A of the conduction voltage drop of rectifier diode, the about 0.8V20A of the conduction voltage drop of Schottky diode, the about 0.2V20A of the conduction voltage drop of metal-oxide-semiconductor (conducting resistance 10m Ω).This shows that this rectification voltage regulator can reduce the power consumption of rectifying part power component greatly, thereby improve reliability of products.
3. be the loss that further reduces metal-oxide-semiconductor, through single-chip microcomputer the AC-input voltage of rectification voltage regulator carried out zero passage detection and control the metal-oxide-semiconductor zero passage switch.Reach when voltage is set if single-chip microcomputer detects the output voltage of rectification voltage regulator, single-chip microcomputer will be opened the corresponding metal-oxide-semiconductor of input constantly in the AC-input voltage zero passage of rectification voltage regulator.The AC-input voltage that detects rectification voltage regulator as if single-chip microcomputer is when bearing half-wave, and single-chip microcomputer will be opened the corresponding metal-oxide-semiconductor of input, and whole negative half-wave refluxes through metal-oxide-semiconductor, and the shutoff metal-oxide-semiconductor that is in due course is that positive half wave is prepared.
4. the logic switch of output voltage sampling and metal-oxide-semiconductor is by chip microcontroller.Like this, can carry out Based Intelligent Control to output voltage, the metal-oxide-semiconductor of rectification voltage regulator, again effective simplification circuit.
5. unique self-powered pattern, the interchange input of rectification voltage regulator and storage battery are formed dual power supply, avoid the influence of fluctuations in-line power of output voltage, thereby guarantee the stable of driving power and single-chip microcomputer power supply.
6. the fast charging and discharging metal-oxide-semiconductor drive circuit that has multiple protective comprises that the VDS spike absorbs circuit, VGS grid spike absorbs circuit, current foldback circuit.Carry out the detection and the processing of overcurrent through single-chip microcomputer; Can prevent the misconnection of rectification voltage regulator output from going into input and the metal-oxide-semiconductor overcurrent was lost efficacy, can prevent that again power from inserting rectification voltage regulator and the metal-oxide-semiconductor overcurrent was lost efficacy greater than the alternating current generator of rectification voltage regulator capacity.
7. improve the rotary speed property and the load capacity of rectification voltage regulator through the single-chip microcomputer logic control algorithm.When the input voltage of rectification voltage regulator during greater than the zero passage detection setting voltage, single-chip microcomputer will be ignored the state of rectifier output voltage, and the whole positive half wave of the AC-input voltage of rectification voltage regulator is through the diode pair charge in batteries.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the utility model circuit theory diagrams;
Fig. 2 is the said phase voltage signal Acquisition Circuit of the utility model figure;
Fig. 3 is the said output voltage sampling circuit figure of the utility model;
Fig. 4 is the said self-powered circuit figure of the utility model;
Fig. 5 is the circuit diagram of driving of the said phase power tube of the utility model and protective circuit.
Embodiment
A kind of motorcycle is used rectification voltage regulator, and is as shown in Figure 1, and it comprises that rectification circuit 1, phase voltage signal Acquisition Circuit 2, output voltage sampling circuit 3, single chip machine controlling circuit 4, self-powered circuit 5 and power tube drive and protective circuit 6;
Wherein: the output of the input of rectification circuit and Motorcycle AC generator 10 joins, and the output of rectification circuit joins with said self-powered circuit and output voltage sampling circuit respectively; The input of phase voltage Acquisition Circuit and the input of rectification circuit join, and the output of phase voltage Acquisition Circuit and the I/O of single chip machine controlling circuit end join; Power tube drives to hold with the I/O of rectification circuit and said MCU driving control circuit respectively with protective circuit and joins; The I/O end of output voltage sampling circuit and single chip machine controlling circuit joins; The phase voltage Acquisition Circuit is gathered the input voltage signal of rectification circuit and is transmitted in single chip machine controlling circuit, and single chip machine controlling circuit power controlling pipe drives and protective circuit.
The every of above-mentioned rectification circuit composed in series by diode and power switch pipe respectively mutually, and the anode of diode and ac input end join.This circuit can be selected applicable to single-phase and three-phase system according to actual needs.
Above-mentioned diode is the diode of Schottky diode or other low pressure drop.
Above-mentioned power switch pipe is metal-oxide-semiconductor or IGBT pipe.
Above-mentioned single chip machine controlling circuit is made up of single-chip microcomputer and control circuit thereof.
As shown in Figure 2, the every of above-mentioned phase voltage signal Acquisition Circuit is made up of resistance and diode and the electric capacity of two series connection respectively mutually, and the negative electrode of said diode meets positive supply VCC, and its anode is connected between two resistance; Said electric capacity one end is connected between said two resistance, its other end ground connection.
As shown in Figure 3; Said output voltage sampling circuit comprises second resistance R the 2, the 13 resistance R 13, the 9th resistance R 9, the 9th capacitor C 9 and the 11 voltage stabilizing didoe D11; Said second resistance and the 13 resistance serial connection, said the 9th electric capacity and the 11 voltage stabilizing didoe are connected to said the 13 resistance two ends respectively; One end of said the 9th resistance is electrically connected between said second resistance and the 13 resistance, and the I/O of the other end and said single chip machine controlling circuit end joins.Output voltage gets into single chip machine controlling circuit after second resistance R 2 and the 13 resistance R 13 dividing potential drops, 9 filtering of the 9th capacitor C simulation mouth carries out the AD sampling, and the 11 voltage stabilizing didoe D11 can prevent that overvoltage from causing the self-locking effect of one-chip machine port.
As shown in Figure 1, described motorcycle is used rectification voltage regulator, and the positive-negative output end of rectification circuit also connects an electric capacity 12, this electric capacity can be under storage battery 11 open-circuit condition smooth output voltage and self-powered circuit supplied power.
As shown in Figure 5; The every of above-mentioned power tube drive circuit comprises respectively that mutually the VDS spike absorbs network 7, the VGS spike absorbs network 8, fast charging and discharging drive circuit 9 and sampling resistor RS, and said VDS spike absorbs network and is made up of resistance connected with each other, electric capacity and voltage stabilizing didoe; Said VGS spike absorbs network and is made up of resistance and capacitance series; Said fast charging and discharging drive circuit is by a resistance and three push-pull driver circuit that triode is formed.Said power tube protective circuit comprises sampling resistor RS, the tenth resistance R 10, the tenth capacitor C the 10, the 11 resistance R the 11, the 12 resistance R 12 and the first triode Q1.This VGS spike absorbs that network can effectively prevent the grid overvoltage and the inefficacy of the power tube that causes; VDS spike absorption network can effectively be eliminated and import abnormal overvoltage mutually; Anti-leak-stopping, source electrode overvoltage and the breakdown power pipe drives; When electric current when the sampling resistor RS, ohmically voltage signal is through resistance R 12, capacitor C 10 filtering, Q1 conducting after the voltage signal of filtering is greater than the Q1 conducting voltage; The INT terminal voltage is a low level by the high level saltus step, is changed by the quick response levels of single-chip microcomputer and turn-offs metal-oxide-semiconductor.
Above-mentioned power tube drives and protective circuit also has following characteristics:
1. fast charging and discharging:
When the I/O of MCU driving control circuit end output low level, Q5 turn-offs, and the Q4 conducting is that metal-oxide-semiconductor provides the quick charge passage, and the charging interval depends primarily on the product of R14, grid capacitance (inner equivalent capacity and external capacitor C15).
When the I/O of MCU driving control circuit end output high level; The Q5 conducting; Q4 turn-offs, because the existence of metal-oxide-semiconductor grid equivalent capacity and external capacitor C15, grid voltage can not descend fast; This moment Q12 VBE make the Q12 conducting greater than 0.7V be that metal-oxide-semiconductor provides the repid discharge passage, depend primarily on the product of R14, grid capacitance (inner equivalent capacity and external capacitor C15) discharge time equally.
2. do not have drive signal and can turn-off metal-oxide-semiconductor yet.When alternating current generator at utmost point low-speed running; During the storage battery open circuit; In-line power is unstable, and single-chip microcomputer is in reset mode, and the I/O port of MCU driving control circuit is that high resistant does not have significant level output; This moment is because the existence of pull-up resistor R22 is turn-offed metal-oxide-semiconductor, avoids the whole conductings of three road metal-oxide-semiconductors to cause engine speed to reduce and causes that motorcycle initiating is difficult.
As shown in Figure 4, above-mentioned self-powered circuit is made up of the 4th diode D4, the 5th diode D5, the 6th diode D6, the 7th diode D7, first resistance R 1, first capacitor C 1, second capacitor C 2, the 3rd capacitor C 3, the 5th capacitor C 5, the 6th capacitor C 6, the first pressurizer U1 and the second pressurizer U2; Five, the anode of six, seven diodes respectively with said exchange output join, its negative electrode all is electrically connected on said first resistance, one end; The first resistance other end is connected in series first pressurizer and second pressurizer successively; The 4th diode cathode is electrically connected on said first resistance, one end, and its anode is electrically connected on the output VOUT of rectification circuit; First electric capacity one is terminated between first resistance and first pressurizer, other end ground connection; Said second electric capacity is parallelly connected with the 5th electric capacity, and one is terminated between said first pressurizer and second pressurizer other end ground connection; Said the 3rd electric capacity is parallelly connected with the 6th electric capacity, and one is terminated at said second output end of voltage stabilizer, other end ground connection.Rectifier output voltage offers said single chip machine controlling circuit through the first pressurizer U1 and the second pressurizer U2 respectively after resistance R 1 current limliting, capacitor C 1 energy storage.Because the isolation of diode D4 makes the fluctuation of output voltage can not influence its in-line power.