CN203289168U - Charger circuit for lead-acid battery - Google Patents
Charger circuit for lead-acid battery Download PDFInfo
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- CN203289168U CN203289168U CN2013202515573U CN201320251557U CN203289168U CN 203289168 U CN203289168 U CN 203289168U CN 2013202515573 U CN2013202515573 U CN 2013202515573U CN 201320251557 U CN201320251557 U CN 201320251557U CN 203289168 U CN203289168 U CN 203289168U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a charger circuit, and in particular to a charger circuit for a lead-acid battery. The charger circuit for the lead-acid battery comprises an input rectification filter unit, a high-frequency transformer connected to the input rectification filter unit and a conductor switch tube to perform voltage transformation, a power supply control unit connected to the high-frequency transformer via the serially-connected conductor switch tube, an output rectification filter unit connected to the high-frequency transformer, a PWM (pulse-width modulation) switch circuit unit connected behind the output rectification filter unit, a single chip control unit connected to the PWM control end of the PWM switch circuit unit, as well as a voltage sampling unit and a current sampling unit connected to the input end of the single chip control unit. Additionally, the charger circuit for the lead-acid battery further comprises a first temperature detection unit and a second temperature detection unit, wherein the first temperature detection unit is connected to the input end of the single chip control unit to acquire an environment temperature, and the second temperature detection unit is connected to the power supply control unit to acquire the component temperature of the conductor switch tube aforementioned. The charger circuit for the lead-acid battery disclosed by the utility model is used for charging the lead-acid battery.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to electronic circuit, relates in particular to the charger circuit that lead-acid battery is charged, more particularly a kind of lead-acid battery charger circuit with temperature protection function.
Background technology
After the mankind entered for 21st century, face environment and resource two and challenge greatly, greatly develop in countries in the world under the background of " green traffic ", tail gas zero discharge, pollution-free, noiseless motor vehicle have wide development prospect; And the power accumulator of electric vehicle is mostly lead acid accumulator, and the lead-acid battery charger that therefore as energy, again supplements will be used widely in every field.
For the requirement of electric motor car charging technique, obtain good performance index in order to make electric car charger, must find best charge mode.Based on monolithic processor controlled intelligent charger, can realize easily trickle charge, large current charge, overcharge and four charging processes of floating charge, but Shortcomings still.
The utility model content
Therefore, the utility model proposes a kind of lead-acid battery charger circuit, also can realize the real time temperature adjusting function, thereby the efficiency that has realized charger is high, the adjusting time is fast, has good charge characteristic, has guaranteed that plumbic acid can have higher use capacity and long cycle life by battery.
The utility model is concrete adopts following technical scheme to realize:
the lead-acid battery charger circuit, comprise: an input rectifying filter unit that the civil power input is carried out rectifying and wave-filtering, be connected to input rectifying filter unit and semiconductor switch pipe and carry out a high frequency transformer of transformation, be connected to the high frequency transformer primary side by the semiconductor switch pipe that is connected in series and this high frequency transformer carried out a power control unit of PWM regulation and control, be connected to the high frequency transformer primary side and carry out an output rectification filter unit of ac-dc conversion, come the PWM switching circuit unit that lead-acid battery is charged after being connected to the output rectification filter unit, be connected to a Single-chip Controlling unit of the PWM control end of PWM switching circuit, be connected to the input of Single-chip Controlling unit and bring in a voltage sample unit and the current sampling unit that the voltage and current of lead-acid battery is sampled.In addition, also comprise the first temperature detecting unit and the second temperature detecting unit, this first temperature detecting unit is connected in the input of Single-chip Controlling unit and brings in the collection ambient temperature, and this second temperature detecting unit is connected in power control unit and gathers the component temperature of above-mentioned semiconductor switch pipe.
Wherein, described the first temperature detecting unit is: the end ground connection of a NTC thermistor RT3, its other end is connected to+the 5V power end by a pull-up resistor R304.
Wherein, described the second temperature detecting unit is: the first end of a NTC thermistor RT2 is connected to the port of power control unit, second is terminated at the base stage of a triode Q101, the base stage of this triode Q101 is also by resistance R 10 ground connection, the emitter of this triode Q101 is ground connection also, the collector electrode of this triode Q101 is by being connected in series after a resistance R 11 first end that is connected to NTC thermistor RT2, and this NTC thermistor RT2 arranges the position of closing on described semiconductor switch tube elements.
Preferably, described high frequency transformer primary side also connects one+5V direct voltage converting unit, should+use of 5V direct voltage converting unit output+5V power supply supply Single-chip Controlling cell operation.
Preferably, also access reverse connecting protection unit and/or restoration and protection unit between described Single-chip Controlling unit and PWM switching circuit unit.
Preferably, also connect an indicator unit on described Single-chip Controlling unit.
The utility model adopts above-mentioned technical scheme, can make the lead-acid battery charger circuit have the real time temperature adjusting function.Specifically: can strictly control the temperature of the vigour part of semiconductor switch pipe by the second temperature detecting unit, its temperature that makes can be too not high, can extend like this useful life of charger, improves the reliability of complete machine; The variation that detects ambient temperature by the first temperature detecting unit changes output voltage values, thereby can avoid do not overcharge summer, east season is charge less not, has guaranteed in very wide temperature range, can make the relative full charge of battery, thereby extend the useful life of lead-acid battery.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the circuit theory diagrams of an embodiment;
Fig. 2 is the unit block diagram of this embodiment;
Fig. 3 is the circuit theory diagrams of the input rectifying filter unit part of this embodiment;
Fig. 4 is the circuit theory diagrams of the live part of this embodiment;
Fig. 5 is the circuit theory diagrams of the output rectification filter cell mesh of this embodiment;
Fig. 6 is the circuit theory diagrams of the charging main control part of this embodiment;
Fig. 7 is the circuit theory diagrams of the second temperature detecting unit part of this embodiment;
Fig. 8 is the circuit theory diagrams of the first temperature detecting unit part of this embodiment.
Embodiment
Now with embodiment, the utility model is further illustrated by reference to the accompanying drawings.
consult illustrated in figures 1 and 2, the lead-acid battery charger circuit of this embodiment, comprise: an input rectifying filter unit 1 that the civil power input is carried out rectifying and wave-filtering, be connected to input rectifying filter unit 1 and semiconductor switch pipe 4 and carry out a high frequency transformer 2 of transformation, be connected to high frequency transformer 2 primary sides by the semiconductor switch pipe 4 that is connected in series and this high frequency transformer 2 carried out a power control unit 3 of PWM regulation and control, be connected to high frequency transformer 2 primary side and carry out an output rectification filter unit 5 of ac-dc conversion, come the PWM switching circuit unit 6 that lead-acid battery is charged after being connected to output rectification filter unit 5, be connected to a Single-chip Controlling unit 7 of the PWM control end of PWM switching circuit 6, be connected to 7 inputs of Single-chip Controlling unit and bring in a voltage sample unit 11 and the current sampling unit 12 that the voltage and current of lead-acid battery is sampled.In addition, also comprise the first temperature detecting unit 9 and the second temperature detecting unit 8, this first temperature detecting unit 9 is connected in 7 inputs of Single-chip Controlling unit and brings in the collection ambient temperature, and this second temperature detecting unit 8 is connected in power control unit 3 and gathers the component temperature of above-mentioned semiconductor switch pipe 4.In addition, preferred, also access reverse connecting protection, restoration and protection unit 13 between described Single-chip Controlling unit 7 and PWM switching circuit unit 6; Also connect an indicator unit 10 on described Single-chip Controlling unit 7.Described high frequency transformer 2 primary side also connect one+5V direct voltage converting unit, should+the 7 work uses of 5V direct voltage converting unit output+5V power supply supply Single-chip Controlling unit.
Consult shown in Figure 3, this input rectifying filter unit 1 is: civil power 220VAC sends into the bridge rectifier of diode D1, D2, D3, D4 structure through fuse F1, piezo-resistance YR1, filter LT2, arrive after electrochemical capacitor C1 filtering the high voltage that forms the 300V left and right, this voltage is through the preferred transformer T1 that adopts this three-winding winding of transformer T1(high frequency transformer 2) be loaded into preferred this metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 that adopts of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1(semiconductor switch pipe 4).
Consult shown in Figure 4, be the circuit theory diagrams of the live part of this embodiment, mainly comprise above-mentioned input rectifying filter unit 1, high frequency transformer 2, power control unit 3, semiconductor switch pipe 4, the second temperature detecting unit 8, output rectification filter unit 5 and PWM switching circuit 6.As shown in the figure: the direct voltage of 300V is through resistance R 1, resistance R 2, capacitor C 4 preferably adopts LD7550 model chip for pulse width modulated power supply management integrated circuit die I C1(embodiment) the 5th pin starting resistor is provided, 5 pin of integrated circuit die I C1 obtain starting resistor after, make integrated circuit die I C1 start, 6 pin output pwm pulses, thus make metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 start conducting, and electric current arrives ground through resistance R 7.4 pin are the current detecting pin,, by detecting the magnitude of voltage on resistance R 7, can realize overload protection.The 3 external oscillation resistance R7 of pin determine frequency of oscillation.The 2 external optocoupler IC2 of pin, the curent change ratio that feeds back by detecting optocoupler, the pwm pulse of adjusting integrated circuit die I C1.The second temperature detecting unit 8 that forms at the external Q101 of triode via NPN of 2 pin, resistance R 11, resistance R 10, NTC thermistor RT2 simultaneously, this concrete connection of the second temperature detecting unit 8 is: the first end of NTC thermistor RT2 is connected to 2 pin of integrated circuit die I C1, second is terminated at the base stage of triode Q101, the base stage of this triode Q101 is also by resistance R 10 ground connection, the emitter of this triode Q101 is ground connection also, and the collector electrode of this triode Q101 is connected to the first end of NTC thermistor RT2 after by series resistor R11.And the NTC thermistor RT2 of this second temperature detecting unit is arranged on the position of closing on this metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1.When metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 temperature being detected over 105 ° of C, drag down the voltage of 2 pin of integrated circuit die I C1, close pwm pulse, thereby make metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 temperature reduce, protection metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1.The secondary coil of transformer T1 produces induced voltage, through diode D7, resistance R 5, reliable source of power is provided for integrated circuit die I C1.The voltage of transformer T1 output winding is through high-frequency rectification pipe Q3, provide stable operating voltage after the π type low-voltage filter circuit of capacitor C 10, inductance L 1, C11 (preferred this π type low-voltage filter circuit that adopts in output rectification filter unit 5) rectifying and wave-filtering, 6 preferred this metal-oxide-semiconductor Q2 that adopt build this voltage through metal-oxide-semiconductor Q2(PWM switching circuit unit) charge to lead-acid battery.
Consult shown in Figure 5, be be connected to this transformer T1 the output winding two ends+5V direct voltage converting unit, should+5V direct voltage converting unit is: the voltage of transformer T1 output winding is through high-frequency rectification pipe D301, three-terminal voltage-stabilizing pipe IC4(7805 model) and filter capacitor C302, C303 after the stable+5V voltage of formation, for the singlechip chip IC7 of Single-chip Controlling unit 7 provides stable operating voltage.
Consult shown in Figure 6; the circuit theory diagrams of the charging main control part of this embodiment, mainly comprise above-mentioned PWM switching circuit unit 6, Single-chip Controlling unit 7, the first temperature detecting unit 9, indicator unit 10, voltage sample unit 11, current sampling unit 12 and reverse connecting protection, restoration and protection unit 13.The reverse connecting protection unit of this reverse connecting protection, restoration and protection 13 and restoration and protection unit can adopt wherein any 1 or 2 common as required.Voltage sample unit 11 is: through resistance R 322, R303, divide and be crimped onto singlechip chip IC7(PIC16F716A model) 1 pin, thereby detect lead-acid battery voltage.The first temperature detecting unit 9 is: divide through resistance R 304, NTC thermistor RT3 2 pin that are crimped onto singlechip chip IC7, thereby change output voltage, reach regulating action.Indicator unit 10 is: LED 2, LED3, LED4, LED5, resistance R 313, R316, R323, R318 form the indicator light indicative function, point out respectively reversal connection, reparation, charge, be full of the lamp state.The restoration and protection unit is: 11 pin of resistance R 324, triode Q304, resistance R 306, diode D303 and singlechip chip IC7 form repairs circuit, and making output voltage is the 19.5V left and right, lead-acid battery is done devulcanization process.Current sampling unit 12 is: first discharge circuit of amplifier chip IC 6, resistance R 305, R307, capacitor C 304 form current detection circuit with 17 pin of singlechip chip IC7, are used for detecting the state of electric current, realize the electric current regulatory function.The reverse connecting protection unit is: 18 pin of triode Q303, resistance R 331, R314, R317, R315, R319 and singlechip chip IC7 form reverse-connection protection circuits, and when output two ends and the battery of charger connects inverse time, prompting indicator light and powered-down are exported.The charging of PWM switching circuit unit 6 and Single-chip Controlling unit 7 is controlled: 9 pin by resistance R 329, R330, triode Q302, resistance R 338, diode D302, resistance R 312, R309, triode Q301, diode D305, resistance R 308, metal-oxide-semiconductor Q2 and singlechip chip IC7 form signal control circuit, realize the open and close charging of PWM switching circuit unit 6 by singlechip chip IC79 pin output pwm pulse signal, and the purpose of regulating the output of charge power supply.
Below in detail the operation principle of the first temperature detecting unit 9 and the second temperature detecting unit 8 is described.
In low power charger, the surface temperature of metal-oxide-semiconductor is detected, by detecting the surface temperature of metal-oxide-semiconductor, when its surface temperature reached 105 ° of C left and right, powered-down output, reduced its surperficial ambient temperature, when being reduced to 90 ° of C, power up work.
circuit as shown in Figure 7, 2 pin in power management integrated circuit chip IC 1 increase the temperature detection protection, detect the surface temperature of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 by NTC thermistor RT2, along with constantly increasing of temperature, the resistance of NTC thermistor RT2 diminishes, can obtain through resistance R 10 dividing potential drops, the voltage of the ground level b of triode Q101 is during greater than 0.7V, triode Q101 conducting, drag down 2 pin voltages of power management integrated circuit chip IC 1, thereby the PWM output of powered-down management integrated circuit die I C1, the metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 that makes does not work, reduced the surface temperature of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1, when surface temperature reduces, the resistance of NTC thermistor RT2 constantly increases, make not conducting of triode Q101, power management integrated circuit chip IC 1 is output pwm signal again, metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 conducting again, the circuit of charger works on.
Its objective is that strict control heating vigour part---the temperature of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1, its temperature that makes can be too not high, can extend like this useful life of charger, improve reliability and protect charger under the state of special abnormality.
In addition, the variation of ambient temperature produces significant impact to the serviceability of lead-acid battery, along with the change in season, the variation of ambient temperature has material impact to charging voltage, discharge capacity, self-discharge rate, electrolyte viscosity, apparent freezing point, use and the storage life of lead-acid battery.The various changing voltages of charger must change along with the variations in temperature of cell voltage.
Consult shown in Figure 8, the end ground connection of a NTC thermistor RT3, its other end is connected to+the 5V power end by a pull-up resistor R304.Like this, by the extraneous ambient temperature of resistance R 304 and NTC thermistor RT3 sampling, inter-process through singlechip chip IC7,9 pin output pwm signals by singlechip chip IC7 are controlled PWM switching circuit unit 6, when the output high level, and triode Q302 conducting, triode Q301 conducting, drag down the G pole tension of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q2, when output low level, triode Q302 cut-off, triode Q301 end, and raise the G pole tension of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q2.According to different ambient temperatures, change the duty ratio of pwm signal of the 9 pin outputs of singlechip chip IC7, thereby affect the conducting pin of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q2, make the voltage of the output of charging circuit change thereupon.Thereby guarantee in very wide temperature range, can make the relative full charge of lead-acid battery.
Although in conjunction with preferred embodiment, specifically show and introduced the utility model; but the those skilled in the art should be understood that; within not breaking away from the spirit and scope of the present utility model that appended claims limits; can make a variety of changes the utility model in the form and details, be protection range of the present utility model.
Claims (6)
1. lead-acid battery charger circuit, comprise: an input rectifying filter unit that the civil power input is carried out rectifying and wave-filtering, be connected to input rectifying filter unit and semiconductor switch pipe and carry out a high frequency transformer of transformation, be connected to the high frequency transformer primary side by the semiconductor switch pipe that is connected in series and this high frequency transformer carried out a power control unit of PWM regulation and control, be connected to the high frequency transformer primary side and carry out an output rectification filter unit of ac-dc conversion, come the PWM switching circuit unit that lead-acid battery is charged after being connected to the output rectification filter unit, be connected to a Single-chip Controlling unit of the PWM control end of PWM switching circuit, be connected to the input of Single-chip Controlling unit and bring in a voltage sample unit and the current sampling unit that the voltage and current of lead-acid battery is sampled, it is characterized in that: also comprise the first temperature detecting unit and the second temperature detecting unit, this first temperature detecting unit is connected in the input of Single-chip Controlling unit and brings in the collection ambient temperature, this second temperature detecting unit is connected in power control unit and gathers the component temperature of above-mentioned semiconductor switch pipe.
2. lead-acid battery charger circuit according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described the first temperature detecting unit is: the end ground connection of a NTC thermistor RT3, its other end is connected to+the 5V power end by a pull-up resistor R304.
3. lead-acid battery charger circuit according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described the second temperature detecting unit is: the first end of a NTC thermistor RT2 is connected to the port of power control unit, second is terminated at the base stage of a triode Q101, the base stage of this triode Q101 is also by resistance R 10 ground connection, the emitter of this triode Q101 is ground connection also, the collector electrode of this triode Q101 is by being connected in series after a resistance R 11 first end that is connected to NTC thermistor RT2, and this NTC thermistor RT2 is arranged at the position of closing on described semiconductor switch tube elements.
4. lead-acid battery charger circuit according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described high frequency transformer primary side also connects one+5V direct voltage converting unit, should+use of 5V direct voltage converting unit output+5V power supply supply Single-chip Controlling cell operation.
5. lead-acid battery charger circuit according to claim 1, is characterized in that: also access reverse connecting protection unit and/or restoration and protection unit between described Single-chip Controlling unit and PWM switching circuit unit.
6. lead-acid battery charger circuit according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described Single-chip Controlling also connects an indicator unit on unit.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2013202515573U CN203289168U (en) | 2013-05-10 | 2013-05-10 | Charger circuit for lead-acid battery |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2013202515573U CN203289168U (en) | 2013-05-10 | 2013-05-10 | Charger circuit for lead-acid battery |
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| CN203289168U true CN203289168U (en) | 2013-11-13 |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103997108A (en) * | 2014-04-18 | 2014-08-20 | 河南速达电动汽车科技有限公司 | Electric automobile lead acid battery charger |
| CN104052105A (en) * | 2014-04-18 | 2014-09-17 | 河南速达电动汽车科技有限公司 | Rapid charging system for lithium battery of electric vehicle |
| WO2017101834A1 (en) * | 2015-12-18 | 2017-06-22 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Electric automobile, on-board charger thereof, and on-board charger control method |
| CN108258782A (en) * | 2018-02-28 | 2018-07-06 | 厦门讯亨电子科技有限公司 | A kind of visible building intercom power supply architecture |
| CN109591640A (en) * | 2018-12-07 | 2019-04-09 | 浙江骐远智能科技有限公司 | A kind of lead-acid battery intelligent pulse charges electric stake and method |
-
2013
- 2013-05-10 CN CN2013202515573U patent/CN203289168U/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103997108A (en) * | 2014-04-18 | 2014-08-20 | 河南速达电动汽车科技有限公司 | Electric automobile lead acid battery charger |
| CN104052105A (en) * | 2014-04-18 | 2014-09-17 | 河南速达电动汽车科技有限公司 | Rapid charging system for lithium battery of electric vehicle |
| WO2017101834A1 (en) * | 2015-12-18 | 2017-06-22 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Electric automobile, on-board charger thereof, and on-board charger control method |
| CN108258782A (en) * | 2018-02-28 | 2018-07-06 | 厦门讯亨电子科技有限公司 | A kind of visible building intercom power supply architecture |
| CN109591640A (en) * | 2018-12-07 | 2019-04-09 | 浙江骐远智能科技有限公司 | A kind of lead-acid battery intelligent pulse charges electric stake and method |
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
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| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| C56 | Change in the name or address of the patentee |
Owner name: XIAMEN HUALIAN ELECTRONIC SCIENCE TECHNOLOGY CO., Free format text: FORMER NAME: XIAMEN NEW ERA ELECTRONIC INDUSTRY CO., LTD. |
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| CP03 | Change of name, title or address |
Address after: 361000 Fujian city of Xiamen province Tong'an District Hongtang Head Road No. 120 Building No. 15 layer 1-4 Patentee after: XIAMEN HUALIAN ELECTRONICS CO.,LTD. Address before: Siming District of Xiamen City, Fujian province 361000 Qianpu Road No. 502 5 floor Patentee before: XIAMEN NEW ERA ELECTRONICS Co.,Ltd. |
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| CX01 | Expiry of patent term |
Granted publication date: 20131113 |
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| CX01 | Expiry of patent term |