CN202093192U - Small unattended automatic weather station - Google Patents

Abstract

A small unattended automatic weather station comprises a master processing module and other modules connected therewith. The other modules include a sensor module, a clock module, a data storage module, a system parameter storage module, a wireless transceiving module and a solar power management module. The master processing module is used for processing data and controlling communication among the modules. The sensor module is used for converting physical weather signals into standard electrical signals and comprises an atmospheric pressure sensor, a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor and an air speed sensor. The clock module comprises a RTC (real-time clock) for recording time information. The data storage module is used for storing acquired weather information. The system parameter storage module is used for storing system operation status parameters. The wireless transceiving module comprises a wireless transceiver and an antenna. The solar power management module is used for supplying power for a whole system.

Description

The small-sized automatic weather station of a kind of unmanned

Technical field

The utility model relates to a kind of weather station, is specifically related to a kind of small-sized automatic weather station of unmanned that is used for the astronomical addressing of submillimeter region in early stage.

Background technology

Astronomical addressing is a process different regions astronomical sight condition being done assessment before building the astronomical station, purpose is to find suitable measuring platform location for building the specific band telescope, and the important indicator of assessing a platform location quality is exactly to see the atmospheric opacity of this location at the observation wave band.

At the submillimeter wave wave band, atmosphere is to the absorption highly significant of signal, and the parameter that influences the submillimeter wave atmospheric opacity mainly contains atmospheric pressure, environment temperature and SEQUENCING VERTICAL moisture content (PWV).Mainly by the sea level elevation decision of measuring the place, environment temperature is with sea level elevation, the longitude and latitude of measuring the place and geographical environment is relevant on every side for atmospheric pressure, and the atmospheric opacity of SEQUENCING VERTICAL moisture content and zenith direction has direct relation.Generally, we can obtain near its face of land water-vapo(u)r density according to atmospheric pressure, environment temperature and the relative humidity of measuring the place, thus the approximate SEQUENCING VERTICAL moisture content that obtains measuring the place of formula rule of thumb.Yet good submillimeter astronomy measuring platform location, generally all be in the no man's land of high height above sea level (more than 3000 meters), these local common features are that traffic is very not convenient, there is not electric power supply, there is not the wire communication network, movable signal also can't cover, general meteorological sensor is precision very poor even can't work (objective area winter ultimate temperature is subzero thirty or forty degree extremely) under extreme conditions, like this, existing various automatic weather station just can't be brought into play its effect in the arduous highlands of these conditions.

The automatic weather station that is used for astronomical addressing is except can using in general area, the more important thing is and overcome various adverse condition, long-time steady operation under extreme environments such as plateau, it must possess following new characteristics like this: 1. break away from wired and mobile communication mode, adopt new wireless communication mode to realize remote collection and control; 2. use sun-generated electric power etc. not rely on the power supply of electricity network, data are not lost in outage, and can restart capture program automatically.3. the wide region that can under ultralow temperature, work, high-precision meteorological sensor.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of this utility model provides a kind of small-sized automatic weather station of unmanned that is used for the astronomical addressing of submillimeter region in early stage, it promptly gathers the conveying gas image data except the basic function online acquisition that possesses general weather station in real time, can also realize that the off-line collection is that off line is gathered and the storage weather data automatically, not obliterated data and duty when meeting with outage can restart and return to the duty before the outage automatically after waiting to send a telegram in reply.This technical scheme can satisfy the technical requirement that realizes the automatic collection that weather data is long-time stable in the extreme condition area, and be not subjected to the influence of numerous unfavorable factors such as low temperature, unregulated power supply, poor, the no communication network covering of transportation condition, thereby finish the evaluation work in early stage of the astronomical addressing of submillimeter region.

The technical scheme of finishing the foregoing invention task is: the small-sized automatic weather station of a kind of unmanned, by being that the main processing block of core and other module of being connected with main processing block constitute with the Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system, described other module comprises: sensor assembly, clock module, data memory module, systematic parameter memory module, radio receiving transmitting module and sun-generated electric power administration module;

Described main processing block is used for carrying out the processing of data and controls communication between each module; Described main processing block, clock module, data memory module and systematic parameter memory module are arranged on the Main Processing Unit;

Described sensor assembly is used for the electric signal of standard that the physics meteorologic signal is converted to; Described sensor assembly is made up of baroceptor, temperature sensor, humidity sensor and air velocity transducer;

Described clock module is to be made of the real-time clock of recording time information (RTC, Real Time Clock);

Described data memory module is made of the non-volatile FLASH storer of power down, is used for preserving the weather information that collects;

Described systematic parameter memory module is made of static RAM (SRAM, Static Random Access Memory), is used for the working status parameter of saved system;

Described radio receiving transmitting module is made up of wireless transceiver and antenna, is used for realizing the remote data wireless transmission between automatic weather station and the controller;

Described sun-generated electric power administration module is made up of solar panel, accumulator and power-supply controller of electric, is used for providing electric energy for total system.

Described Main Processing Unit is a circuit board, has mainly comprised the related device of main processing block, clock module, data memory module and systematic parameter memory module on it.

As further improvement of the utility model, the mounting structure of described baroceptor is: baroceptor is welded on the Main Processing Unit, and Main Processing Unit is located in the control enclosure, has aperture below control enclosure, guarantees the inside and outside atmospheric pressure unanimity of control enclosure.

As further improvement of the utility model; described real-time clock is selected the RTC that has open SRAM for use; the RTC register system time; duty and configuration parameter information are recorded among the SRAM of this opening; dedicated pin at RTC is connected with the low capacity nickel-hydrogen accumulator; as the holding circuit of RTC, time information and system parameter data are normal when guaranteeing outage.Further, series diode and small resistor between the power circuit of nickel-hydrogen accumulator and Main Processing Unit, realize simple charging circuit, nickel-hydrogen accumulator can be continued to charge to saturated when the solar power supply system operate as normal like this, thereby guarantee that the nickel-hydrogen accumulator electric weight can not exhaust, entanglement can not take place because of outage in temporal information and working state of system.

Because the related automatic weather station of the utility model will be in the work of unattended remote districts, so it will have a function can break away from controller control exactly, automatically gather and store a large amount of weather datas, after receiving the extraction data command of controller can with before the weather data of gathering send controller to by wireless mode.Because use is solar powered, then may cause powering-off state as continuous rainy weather, the state before the weather station can automatically restore to outage after weather takes a turn for the better the system recovery power supply works on.In addition, the utility model also should possess the basic function of general weather station, and promptly real-time collection weather data also transmits this group data by wireless mode to controller.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a system construction drawing of the present utility model.

Embodiment

In order to make the purpose of this utility model, the technical scheme that is adopted and innovative point more clear, carry out more detailed explanation below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.Should illustrate that following content mainly is that the mode with example makes an explanation to the utility model, not all content all only limits to the utility model.

Embodiment 1

As shown in Figure 1, the small-sized automatic weather station of a kind of unmanned, by being that the main processing block of core and other module of being connected with main processing block constitute with the Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system, other module comprises: sensor assembly, clock module, data memory module, systematic parameter memory module, radio receiving transmitting module and sun-generated electric power administration module; Described main processing block, clock module, data memory module and systematic parameter memory module are arranged on the Main Processing Unit;

Main processing block is used for carrying out the processing of data and controls communication between each module;

Sensor assembly is used for the electric signal of standard that the physics meteorologic signal is converted to; Described sensor assembly is made up of baroceptor, temperature sensor, humidity sensor and air velocity transducer;

Clock module is to be made of the real-time clock of recording time information (RTC, Real Time Clock); Real-time clock is selected the RTC that has open static RAM (SRAM, Static Random Access Memory) for use;

Data memory module is made of the non-volatile storer of power down, is used for preserving the weather information that collects;

The systematic parameter memory module is made of static RAM SRAM, is used for the working status parameter of saved system;

Radio receiving transmitting module is made up of wireless transceiver and antenna, is used for realizing the remote data wireless transmission between automatic weather station and the controller;

The sun-generated electric power administration module is made up of solar panel, accumulator and power-supply controller of electric, and being used for provides electric energy for total system.

In addition, also comprise the crystal oscillator of power circuit, necessity on the Main Processing Unit of automatic weather station, level shifting circuit and reserve battery etc.Described Main Processing Unit is a circuit board, has mainly comprised the related device of main processing block, clock module, data memory module and systematic parameter memory module on it.

In order to make automatic weather station meet the requirement of " surface weather observation standard " in the meteorological industry standard of the People's Republic of China (PRC), we need be with temperature sensor, humidity sensor and air velocity transducer are fixed on the level altitude place of automatic weather station, because the installation site to baroceptor in this standard does not have specific (special) requirements, in order to make level of integrated system higher, we can directly be welded on it on the Main Processing Unit, and Main Processing Unit is fixed in the metal control enclosure of sealing, open an aperture in the can bottom simultaneously, guarantee the inside and outside atmospheric pressure unanimity of can, simultaneously can windproof and rain proof.

Because real-time being kept among its inner SRAM of time data of RTC in order to simplify circuit, selects to have the RTC device of open SRAM, weather station state and configuration parameter can also be kept among its open idle SRAM like this.Because the RTC operate as normal needs lasting power supply power supply; also can lose as the system parameter data that the power-off time data can occur among entanglement and the open SRAM; and these data all are that the weather station operate as normal is indispensable; therefore must add holding circuit to RTC; promptly the dedicated pin at RTC connects the low capacity nickel-hydrogen accumulator, and each data keeps normal when guaranteeing outage.Meanwhile, can utilize the forward voltage drop characteristic of diode, series diode and small resistor between the power circuit of nickel-hydrogen accumulator and Main Processing Unit, realize simple charging circuit, nickel-hydrogen accumulator can be continued to charge to saturated when the solar power supply system operate as normal like this, thereby guarantee that the nickel-hydrogen accumulator electric weight can not exhaust, entanglement can not take place because of outage in system time information and duty.

Claims (4)

1. small-sized automatic weather station of unmanned, by being that the main processing block of core and other module of being connected with main processing block constitute with the Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system, it is characterized in that described other module comprises: sensor assembly, clock module, data memory module, systematic parameter memory module, radio receiving transmitting module and sun-generated electric power administration module; Described main processing block, clock module, data memory module and systematic parameter memory module are arranged on the Main Processing Unit;

Described main processing block is used for carrying out the processing of data and controls communication between each module;

Described sensor assembly is used for the electric signal of standard that the physics meteorologic signal is converted to; Described sensor assembly is made up of baroceptor, temperature sensor, humidity sensor and air velocity transducer;

Described clock module is made up of the real-time clock RTC of recording time information;

Described data memory module is made of the non-volatile FLASH storer of power down, is used for preserving the weather information that collects;

Described systematic parameter memory module is made of static RAM SRAM, is used for the working status parameter of saved system;

Described radio receiving transmitting module is made up of wireless transceiver and antenna, is used for realizing the remote data wireless transmission between automatic weather station and the controller;

Described sun-generated electric power administration module is made up of solar panel, accumulator and power-supply controller of electric, is used for providing electric energy for total system.

2. the small-sized automatic weather station of unmanned according to claim 1 is characterized in that baroceptor is welded on the Main Processing Unit, and Main Processing Unit is fixed in the control enclosure of sealing, has aperture below control enclosure.

3. the small-sized automatic weather station of unmanned according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described clock module adopts the RTC device that open SRAM is arranged, and is connected with the low capacity nickel-hydrogen accumulator in the dedicated pin of RTC.

4. the small-sized automatic weather station of unmanned according to claim 3 is characterized in that, series diode and small resistor between the power circuit of described nickel-hydrogen accumulator and Main Processing Unit.

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