CN202074948U - Optical sensor for determining yarn diameter - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses an optical sensor for determining the yarn diameter. The optical sensor comprises two sensors, wherein the two sensors are respectively arranged on two planes mutually inclined; the sensors are parallel to the planes; the sensors are respectively connected with a calculating circuit. The optical sensor not only can be used for measuring the diameter of the relatively smooth object, but also can be used for measuring the diameter of the object with a loose surface structure. The optical sensor has a simple structure and low cost.

Description

Be used to measure the optical sensor of yarn diameter

Technical field

The utility model relates to a kind of sensor, is specifically related to a kind of optical sensor that is used to measure yarn diameter.

Background technology

Existing definite a kind of line or the diameter of rope shaped object or the sensor in cross section of being used for, its principle of work is: measure by the striograph of the object of a light source irradiation by the picture receiver of being made up of a series of photosensitive device that is set up in parallel.The photosensitive device output pulse signal, these signals are calculated on a counter together, and are converted into concrete diameter or cross section value.

The shortcoming of this sensor is, for some parameter, measurement result must spend quite high circuit expense and just can reach accurately.This is because when single photosensitive device does not have diameter and has considerable quantity, only in this way just can obtain the gross value of a needed yarns.

The utility model content

Technical problem to be solved in the utility model provides a kind of optical sensor that is used to measure yarn diameter, and it can be simply and obtains the diameter of a kind of diameter of linear object, a kind of yarn object or the gross value of a yarns exactly.

For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution that the utility model is used to measure the optical sensor of yarn diameter is:

Comprise two sensors, two sensors are arranged at respectively on two mutual plane inclined; Sensor is parallel to the plane and is provided with; Two sensors are connected with counting circuit respectively.

Described two planes are vertical mutually.

Described sensor comprises at least two single-sensors, wherein at least one single-sensor output digital signal.

Described sensor comprises the single-sensor of a plurality of mutual dislocation, and a plurality of single-sensors are arranged along the diametric(al) of determinand.

Described sensor comprises a plurality of single-sensors that are arranged in delegation, is arranged at the single-sensor output simulating signal at two ends, the single-sensor output digital signal in the middle of being arranged at, and a plurality of single-sensors are arranged along the diametric(al) of determinand.

Described sensor comprises the single-sensor of exporting simulating signal and the single-sensor group of exporting digital signal, and two kinds of single-sensors be arranged in parallel, and the measurement zone height of two kinds of single-sensors is identical; A plurality of single-sensors of described single-sensor group are arranged along the diametric(al) of determinand.

Described sensor comprises the single-sensor group of exporting simulating signal and the single-sensor group of exporting digital signal, and two groups of single-sensors be arranged in parallel, and the measurement zone height of two groups of single-sensors is identical; Each single-sensor of the single-sensor group of described output digital signal is arranged along the diametric(al) of determinand; The single-sensor group of described output simulating signal comprises that two cross sections are leg-of-mutton single-sensor, and two triangle single-sensors become rectangular arranged.

The technique effect that the utility model can reach is:

The utility model not only can be measured the diameter of relative smooth object, and can measure the diameter of the object with loose surface structure.Therefore the utility model can be measured the gross value (part that outstanding fiber is arranged) of yarn (not having outstanding fiber) and yarn.

The utility model is simple in structure, and is with low cost.

Description of drawings

Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments the utility model is described in further detail:

The part of Fig. 1 to 4 device of the present invention that to be each represent with sketch;

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of sensor 1; Sensor 1 is made up of single-sensor 2a, 2b, 2c, the 2d etc. of several mutual dislocation, but sees that from x direction and y direction they are overlapping arrangements; Single-sensor is to arrange on measured parametric direction, and shown in Figure 1 is on the diameter or cross-wise direction of object K.

Fig. 2 is the structural representation of sensor 3; Sensor 3 is made up of single-sensor 3a, the 3b, 3c, 3d and the 3e that are arranged in delegation and 3f, and single-sensor 3a-3d is a digital operation among the figure, and single-sensor 3e and 3f are analog operation.Sensor 3 with single-sensor 3a and 3e at least aspect the processing that relates to their output signals according to different principle work.

Fig. 3 is the structural representation of sensor 4; Sensor 4 has single-sensor 5 and 6a-6k; Single-sensor 5 is analog operation, and single-sensor 6a-6k all is digital, and this moment, individual signals was combined into a digital signal.

Fig. 4 is the structural representation of sensor 7; Sensor 7 has single- sensor 8a, 8b and 9a-9e; Sensor 7 is the same with sensor 4, and single-sensor 8 and 9 has covered same measurement zone height, perhaps at least in part corresponding to the same zone (referring to the y direction here) of object.

Fig. 5 to 8 is other parts of each device;

Fig. 5 is a kind of synoptic diagram of sensor construction; Sensor 10 and 11 is arranged on two mutual plane inclined 12 and 13;

Fig. 6 is a kind of synoptic diagram that has the sensor construction of measuring slit 14; Be used for measuring or monitoring cable 15; Glass lid of measuring slit 14 usefulness 16,17 limits from the side, and the another side of glass lid 16,17 is light tube or light conducting cylinder 18,19, and they are subordinated to a sensor 20,21 and separately with receiver 22,23 of light signal guiding. Light conducting cylinder 18,19 each has a catoptron 24,25, so just produces two light beams 26,27, they each naturally by sensor 20,21 through catoptron 24,25 and line 15 and guiding receiver 22,23. Sensor 20,21 mainly is the emission directional light.Receiver 22,23 is flexible concentric reception mirrors.Therefore in glass lid 16,17 and measuring slit 14 scopes, mainly be parallel beam to occur.This line-transect 15 position in measuring slit 14 can change, and is unlikely to change the size of line 15 imaging on receiver 22,23.Thereby engineer's scale does not change yet.The light beam that has also guaranteed quadrature by this set is influenced hardly and thereby can be used to obtaining of measurement data jointly in measuring slit 14.

Fig. 7 is two circuit 28 and 29 of same structure separately, and they can be used to each single-sensor.Such circuit is made up of an element 30 that light is converted to an electric current, for example a photodiode.This element 30 is exactly a single-sensor originally.The element of this and other for example 31,35, one comparers 32 of a charge amplifier and storer or register 33 is cascaded to change its output signal.Charge amplifier 31 is made up of an operational amplifier 31 and a capacitor 34 (in feedback circuit), and and switch 34 parallel connections.

The input end of comparer 32 and a reference line 36 are connected.The output terminal of storer 33 is connected with a multiplier 37.Connect a counting circuit 38 again in the back of multiplier, it can be consisted of counter.What be connected with counting circuit 38 equally is that a selectable circuit 39 is used to produce the individual signals of a simulation.It is special operational amplifier 61 with a shnt capacitor 62 and a resistance 63 in addition except a single-sensor 64 is arranged.The part of said elements and single-sensor 30,64 are integrated into an integrating circuit and thereby constitute one so-called " intelligence sensor ".

Fig. 8 is the fundamental diagram of sensor; Wherein 40 is a surface of sensor, and 41 is the xsect of linear object, and 42 is the light source of directional light; Light source 42 is made up of the flexible concentric mirror 44 of light source 43 point type or line and, light source 42 can generate orientation with mainly be parallel light beam 45;

Fig. 9 is the sketch of a function of the part of device; Magnitude of voltage or proportional respective value that wherein each kind of straight line is subordinated to the process in the device and represented to note along a time coordinate 16 and another coordinate 47.Straight line 48 sign one-period round-robin are initial, and straight line 49 sign one-period round-robin finish, and straight line 50,51 and 55 has shown capacitor 35 along with the charging of time under various situations, and it began corresponding to the time of straight line 52.

Figure 10 is a simulation and a signal numeral; The individual signals 58 of a record simulation individual signals 57 and a digit pulse on a time coordinate t, it is made up of single numerical value 58a to 58f.Various principles by using in measuring or calculating produce difference 59c, 59d etc. between the analog and digital signal.

Figure 11 is an xsect with linear object of certain size; 70 is a cross-sectional profiles of linear object, and here it is circle and special picture ellipse.D1 and d2 are major dimension, and they are that main coordinate along profile 60 obtains.D1 ' and d2 ' are two major dimension other, that orthogonal directions obtains.

Figure 12 and Figure 13 are respectively signals from this device.

Figure 12 is the sketch of linear object 65; It is corresponding to the object K on Fig. 1, and it is to produce in counting circuit by the single-sensor 6 with corresponding resolution, has stored several continuous measurement circulations in counting circuit.The size of single-sensor 66 is less than single-sensor 6 and 9, and in a storer of counting circuit 38 memory location of depositing binary signal arranged corresponding to each single-sensor or register.In order to obtain such image, several capable 67a, 67b, 67c etc. are stored, and wherein each row 67 is subordinated to certain measurement circulation.Outstanding each fiber grain or the fiber that can recognize of also useful 68 and 69 signs except original object 65.Be close to computing with corrosion matrix 70.Corrosion matrix 70 is made up of 13 registers or memory location, their all 71 arrangements round the memory location. be close to computing thereon.

Figure 13 is the sketch of Figure 12; Tu Chu fiber grain or fiber are organized by contiguous computing thereon.Can only identify a large-area image as original object 72 like this, its diameter has reduced two memory locations artificially by corrosion in each side.

Embodiment

As shown in Figure 8, make the linear object 41 measurement slit other and move past along its longitudinal direction from sensor.The surface 40 of sensor is by the shade that linear object 41 blocks or forms on light source 42 opposites.Linear object 41 can be a line, a fiber, a rope etc.The back of sensor surface 40 is provided with a sensor, and sensor can be the sensor 1,3,4 or 7 among Fig. 1 to Fig. 4.

Adopt sensor 1 as shown in Figure 1, the diameter of object under test K is determined when the x direction arrives in y direction or an object K.As shown in Figure 1, object K has hidden two single-sensors fully, and part has hidden two other single-sensor.These four single-sensors are exported an individual signals separately, and this signal is subjected to the influence of object K.And other three single-sensor 2a, 2b, 2c export an individual signals, and this signal is not subjected to the influence of object K.Can produce a signal by the calculating of seven individual signals altogether, it is directly proportional with the diameter of object K.The accuracy of measuring depends on what single-sensors are arranged on long measure, perhaps whether individual signals can be modulated separately, promptly simulation process or they only be that scale-of-two is acquired, produced a digital signal like this.

Also sensor 1 can be designed to measure the position of object K in the Y direction.Single-sensor 2c can not output signal, because the shade that object K is caused, and by such signal of single-sensor 2d output, the outer boundary of object K is therebetween to show.

Adopt the sensor 3 as shown in Figure 2 can be with recording the diameter of object with the same method of sensor 1.As shown in Figure 2, single-sensor 3a-3d exports individual signals, and this individual signals is binary; What single-sensor 3e and 3f exported is simulation and signal that will be continued processing, and the bounds of object might measuredly have a difference like this.Can measure diameter with single-sensor 3a-3d like this, measure existence and its general size of outshot with single-sensor 3e and 3f.

Adopt the diameter of sensor 4 Measuring Object as shown in Figure 3, carry out digital measurement, carry out analog measurement with single-sensor 5 with single-sensor 6a-6k.Individual signals of single-sensor 6 outputs, it is proportional with the shade by object, but it is binary, produces a digital signal by single-sensor 6 like this.By by the individual signals of single-sensor 5 and the hair degree that can determine other parameter such as object of comparing by the digital signal of single-sensor 6, structure etc., particularly when object is a line.

Adopt sensor 7 as shown in Figure 4 to measure with the principle the same with sensor 4, its difference is, single-sensor 8 is exported an individual signals separately, and it depends on that object is in the position of single-sensor 8 before the y direction.If object is at the lower limb of sensor, then it mainly blocks single-sensor 8b, and then the individual signals of single-sensor 8b is subjected to stronger influence than the signal of single-sensor 8a.If object is the coboundary at sensor, then single-sensor 8a is subjected to stronger influence.

As shown in Figure 5, sensor 10 and 11 is arranged on two planes 12,13, can observe object from both direction, so just can obtain conclusion more accurately to the actual cross-section of object.Sensor 10,11 can adopt a kind of in the sensor 1,3,4,7 or other sensor.

As shown in Figure 6, from the beam 26,27 of both direction observation line 15 correspondences.Light beam of sensor 20 emissions is to catoptron 24, and by the receiver 23 that leads therefrom, this moment, line 15 sheltered from receiver 23.Receiver 23 can be made up of in the sensor 1,3,4,7.

Light beam of sensor 21 emissions is to catoptron 25, and by the receiver 22 that leads therefrom, this moment, line 15 sheltered from receiver 22.Receiver 22 can be made up of in the sensor 1,3,4,7.The light beam here mainly is directed and parallel light beam.Even line 15 is not to be positioned at the assigned address of measuring slit 14 exactly, also can measure.

If now single-sensor partly or wholely hidden on the opposite of light source by an object, a circulation then appears this moment in the following manner.As shown in Figure 9, times 48 this circulation starting of place, a reset signal 56 is released, with switch 34 closures as shown in Figure 7, remain closed up to the time 52, begin charging, the signal integration that will be recorded by the photocurrent that comes by single-sensor at this time inner capacitor 35.

As shown in Figure 8, if single-sensor is not hidden by the opposite of object 41 at light source 42, like this charging of capacitor 35 carry out very fast.Shown in the straight line 50 of Fig. 9,, finished 53 o'clock time if when reaching threshold value 54.This moment, operational amplifier 31 will be amplified by the signal of capacitor 35, and it is exported to comparer 32.It continuously will be according to the signal of straight line 50 and a threshold ratio, and it is that represent and connect with a lead 36 with straight line 54.If reached threshold value 54, then signal of comparer 32 outputs is given storer 33.This explanation single-sensor does not have covered.This signal has only two possible numerical value and is a binary signal.

If a single-sensor is hidden by object, then it can not obtain direct light, and best situation is to obtain diffused light.Thereby capacitor 35 charging is very slow, for example will be through a long time corresponding to reaching threshold value under straight line 55 and the best situation, and it increases cycling time.The signal that is recorded is integrated then in a given time and is reset.Storer 33, it with same cycling time of work and thereby synchronous with the beat of switch 3d, obtain a signal by comparer 32 now, this explanation single-sensor is covered, and this signal is exported to other single-sensor with the signal that is come by storer.Multiplier 37 produces a signal with the arrangement of all signals by single binary numeral, and it has shown the image that irradiation draws to whole sensor.Thereby can be derived the numerical value of the xsect of line 15.

Be subjected to the restriction of straight line 48 and 49 cycling time.According to the quality and the dirty degree of single-sensor of single-sensor, capacitor 35 chargings are longer more or less up to the time that reaches threshold value 54. Straight line 49 and 51 has illustrated capacitor 35 will the duration of charging how long when the light that has only 50% arrives single-sensor.With measure duration of charging that capacitor 35 allows as estimate according to the time, with half-power reach threshold value 54 also within circulation just within the time 49.By mobile straight line 52,53, it can obtain by the time that prolongs or shorten reset signal 56 adjusting within cycling time, and this means that also reset signal 56 will expend all the other times within cycling time.

Thereby single-sensor is suitable for, and it can not charge fully within the time of straight line 49 and 52 but be hidden by object.If foul is not obvious and if an extraordinary single-sensor, then straight line 52 and 53 is shifted to straight line 49 and straight line 50 and 51 is steeper.This process can repeat each single-sensor, and first signal arrival 54 needed times of threshold value in the single-sensor that participate in this moment can be used as regulated quantity and tried to achieve.This time is as the actual value of regulating.The double numerical value of this time is exposure or integral time, and it is between straight line 49 and 52.If this time is too short, then first sensor arrives threshold value 54 too late, that is to say that surpassing half the time just arrives.This must be extended subsequently.

For example with following as foundation, produce the individual signals 57 (as Figure 10) of a simulation by a single-sensor 5 and a switch 39 (as Fig. 7) with sensor 4, the diameter of it and object is proportional, and produce the individual signals 58 of a numeral by single-sensor 6a-6k and switch 29,30 etc., its diameter same and object is proportional, can confirm that like this these two individual signals are can accurately be not consistent, come from same object even they are adopted.Difference 59 produces therefrom, and single-sensor 5 and 6 can not be measured the edge extent of object simultaneously.Single-sensor 6 ratio for a line measures the line body earlier, and single-sensor 5 is measured the line with outstanding fiber.Difference 59 can be corresponding to the hair degree of line, and this is obtained by subtracting each other of individual signals 57 and 58 in 38 li in computing machine.Therefore measured two signals abreast from same object, one of them is pulse.

Employing device as shown in Figure 5 can be from the both direction Measuring Object.If during the cross section of Measuring Object, then must measure two different diameters again.Several possibilities are arranged for this reason, as shown in figure 11.Can measure major dimension d1 and d2 or d1 ' and d2 ' as full diameter.Because the device of Fig. 5 has both direction, they are orthogonal, and indefinitely are, which major dimension now measured is, because it depends on the accidental position of placing of object.In order to make this influence as much as possible little, tackle two measured sizes and carry out twice computing, and form the product d1 * d2 or the d1 ' * d2 ' of major dimension, and the half value of major dimension quadratic sum is 0.5 (d1 ²+ d2 ²) or 0.5 (d1 ' ²+ d2 ' ²).These can carry out in counting circuit 38, sensor 10 all is connected with counting circuit with all single-sensors of 11, from two major dimension, can provide the circularity (circle size) of parameter such as object, corresponding to twisting thread of forming through twisting, should calculate the quotient of minor diameter and major diameter, for example d2/d1 this moment.

The advantage of integrated single-sensor 5,8 is that the individual signals of a simulation of its output is exported the pulse signal that a digital signal has identical beat as single-sensor 6,9.Occur a step curve 57a then in Figure 10 equally, it has replaced individual signals 57.Step curve 57a remains on the basis of the signal that is based upon analogue measurement and processing although it is so.

Can further handle by contiguous computing selectively by the individual signals that single-sensor comes.Here at first digitized single-sensor 6,9 is stored through the result who obtains that circulates continuously for several times.Each single-sensor is by a signal that obtains and adjacent signal in these circulations, and just the signal of the same single-sensor in adjacent circulation and adjacent single-sensor are compared at signal same and that record in adjacent circulation and with the corresponding signal of single-sensor.

Like this each individual signals has also just been formed surrounding environment and from surrounding environment the individual signals of a single-sensor and the signal of surrounding environment be complementary.The open structure that is formed by the loose register that is mutually related is disallowable and only stay large-area image like this, line object for example, as shown in Figure 13.

Claims (7)

1. optical sensor that is used to measure yarn diameter, it is characterized in that: comprise two sensors (10,11), two sensors (10,11) are arranged at respectively on two mutual plane inclined (12,13); Sensor (10,11) is parallel to plane (12,13) and is provided with; Two sensors (10,11) are connected with counting circuit respectively.

2. the optical sensor that is used to measure yarn diameter according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described two planes (12,13) are vertical mutually.

3. the optical sensor that is used to measure yarn diameter according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: described sensor (10,11) comprises at least two single-sensors, wherein at least one single-sensor output digital signal.

4. the optical sensor that is used to measure yarn diameter according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: described sensor (10,11) comprises the single-sensor (2a, 2b, 2c, 2d) of a plurality of mutual dislocation, and a plurality of single-sensors are arranged along the diametric(al) of determinand (15).

5. the optical sensor that is used to measure yarn diameter according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: described sensor (10,11) comprises a plurality of single-sensors (3a, 3b, 3c, 3d and 3e and 3f) that are arranged in delegation, be arranged at single-sensor (3e, 3f) the output simulating signal at two ends, single-sensor (3a-3d) output digital signal in the middle of being arranged at, a plurality of single-sensors are arranged along the diametric(al) of determinand (15).

6. the optical sensor that is used to measure yarn diameter according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: described sensor (10,11) comprises the single-sensor (5) of exporting simulating signal and the single-sensor group (6a-6k) of exporting digital signal, two kinds of single-sensors (5 and 6a-6k) be arranged in parallel, and the measurement zone height of two kinds of single-sensors is identical; A plurality of single-sensors of described single-sensor group (6a-6k) are arranged along the diametric(al) of determinand (15).

7. the optical sensor that is used to measure yarn diameter according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: described sensor (10,11) comprises the single-sensor group (8a, 8b) of exporting simulating signal and the single-sensor group (9a-9e) of exporting digital signal, two groups of single-sensors (8a, 8b and 9a-9e) be arranged in parallel, and the measurement zone height of two groups of single-sensors is identical; Each single-sensor (9a-9e) of the single-sensor group of described output digital signal is arranged along the diametric(al) of determinand (15); The single-sensor group of described output simulating signal comprises that two cross sections are leg-of-mutton single-sensor (8a, 8b), and two triangle single-sensors (8a, 8b) become rectangular arranged.

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