CN202072674U - High-speed biomass circulating fluidized bed gasifier - Google Patents

High-speed biomass circulating fluidized bed gasifier Download PDF

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Publication number
CN202072674U
CN202072674U CN2011201626207U CN201120162620U CN202072674U CN 202072674 U CN202072674 U CN 202072674U CN 2011201626207 U CN2011201626207 U CN 2011201626207U CN 201120162620 U CN201120162620 U CN 201120162620U CN 202072674 U CN202072674 U CN 202072674U
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China
Prior art keywords
riser tube
air distribution
biomass
returning device
material returning
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Expired - Lifetime
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CN2011201626207U
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
沈冶
张守军
袁光福
范晓旭
李瑞群
何培红
初雷哲
胡志波
武焕婷
鲁万宝
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GUODIAN CHANGYUAN HUBEI BIOMASS GASIFICATION TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD.
Original Assignee
Hefei Debo Bioenergy Science & Technology Co Ltd
GUODIAN CHANGYUAN ELECTRIC POWER CO Ltd
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Priority to CN2011201626207U priority Critical patent/CN202072674U/en
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Abstract

The utility model relates to a high-speed biomass circulating fluidized bed gasifier which comprises a lifting tube, an air distribution system, a cyclone separator and a return device; the lifting tube is provided with a feed opening; the air distribution system is arranged at the bottom of the lifting tube, and comprises an air chamber, an air distribution board and an air cap; the air distribution board is arranged at the upper part in the air chamber; the air cap is arranged on the air distribution board; an outlet at the upper part of the lifting tube is connected with the cyclone separator; the lower part of the cyclone separator is connected with an inlet of the return device; and an outlet of the return device is connected with the bottom of the lifting tube. The high-speed biomass circulating fluidized bed gasifier adopts a unique structure to gasify biomass materials, the high-efficiency cyclone separator and the return device can ensure the circulation volume of large materials and a plurality of times of reaction of the biomass materials, so that a temperature field of the gasifier is well controlled, and the stable and high-efficiency gasification of biomass fuel is realized.

Description

A kind of biomass high speed circle fluidized-bed gasification furnace
Technical field
The utility model relates to the biomass gasification technology field, specifically is a kind of biomass high speed circle fluidized-bed gasification furnace.
Background technology
Biomass energy is the important energy source that the mankind depend on for existence always, occupies critical role in whole energy resource system, and it is only second to coal, oil and natural gas and occupy the 4th of world energy sources total quantity consumed.The kind that biomass are concrete is a lot, mainly refers to timber, farm crop (stalk, straw, straw, beans stalk, cotton stalk, husk etc.), weeds, algae etc.China's biomass energy is also very abundant, the biomass resource that can be developed as the energy reaches more than 300,000,000 ton of mark coal, and along with the development of agricultural and forestry, particularly along with the develop and spread of speed life charcoal firewood woods, the biomass resource of China will get more and more, and very large development and utilization potentiality are arranged.
Gasifying biomass is that biomass material is converted into inflammable gas, and the utilising efficiency of biological fuel gas is higher, and of many uses, can be used as life coal gas, burning boiler or generating.Biomass gasifying furnace is one of important technology of biomass utilization, it is mainly to be the waste of farm crop with plant, for example stalk, rice husk, and branch, wood chip, weeds etc. carry out combustion gasification as raw material, obtain inflammable gas---the technology of energy raw material.In the prior art, biomass gasifying furnace generally comprises the outlet of gasification body of heater, the feed mechanism that is positioned at upper of furnace body, portfire, the air inlet device of stove, the slagging device of being located at bottom of furnace body and inflammable gas and is used for dust separating dedusting mechanism, biomass material enters in the body of heater by feed mechanism, with enter oxidizing reaction and reduction reaction in the intravital oxygen course of emergency of the stove body of heater by air inlet device, promptly produce CO, CH 4, H 2Discharge from gas outlet Deng inflammable gas (comprising impurity such as dust, tar), the incendiary ashes fall into slagging device drains, and inflammable gas needs to carry out dedusting through dedusting mechanism in the process of discharging body of heater, so that clean as far as possible inflammable gas to be provided.
Biomass gasification device adopts modes such as fixed bed, low speed circulating fluidized bed usually at present.Wherein fixed bed gasification mode device is simple, but efficient is lower, and low speed circulating fluidized bed relative fixed bed efficient increases, but biomass material still can not make full use of.
Summary of the invention
The utility model provides a kind of biomass high speed circle fluidized-bed gasification furnace, and it has comprehensively adopted technology such as cyclonic separation, high internal circulating load operation, realizes efficient, stable, the mass-producing utilization of gasifying biomass.
A kind of biomass high speed circle fluidized-bed gasification furnace, comprise riser tube, cloth wind system, cyclonic separator and material returning device, riser tube offers charging opening, described cloth wind system is located at the riser tube bottom, described cloth wind system comprises air compartment, air distribution plate and blast cap, air distribution plate is arranged at the top in the air compartment, blast cap is arranged on the air distribution plate, the top outlet of riser tube is connected with cyclonic separator, the top of cyclonic separator is provided with outlet conduit, the bottom of cyclonic separator is connected with the import of material returning device, and the outlet of material returning device links to each other with the riser tube bottom.
As above-mentioned biomass high speed circle fluidized-bed gasification furnace, the bottom of cyclonic separator is connected by the import of standpipe and material returning device.
As above-mentioned biomass high speed circle fluidized-bed gasification furnace, the charging opening on the riser tube is apart from air distribution plate 2~2.5m.
As above-mentioned biomass high speed circle fluidized-bed gasification furnace, riser tube is straight tubular, the top outlet of riser tube and downward-sloping 10~15 ° of the connecting passage of cyclonic separator.
As above-mentioned biomass high speed circle fluidized-bed gasification furnace, the outlet of material returning device is positioned at 2~3m place on the air distribution plate, and the outlet of material returning device becomes 45~60 ° with the connecting tube of riser tube bottom with horizontal plane.
As above-mentioned biomass high speed circle fluidized-bed gasification furnace, be provided with dividing plate in the middle of the material returning device, the lower edge of dividing plate is apart from material returning device bottom 300~800mm.
As above-mentioned biomass high speed circle fluidized-bed gasification furnace, air distribution plate is circular, and the center of air distribution plate is connected to scum pipe, and the internal diameter of scum pipe is 100~200mm.
The utility model biomass high speed circle fluidized-bed gasification furnace, adopt unique texture that biomass material is gasified, cyclonic separator and material returning device design efficiently can guarantee the repeatedly reaction of big solid circulating rate and biomass material, thereby stable, the high-efficiency gasification of biomass fuel have been realized in the temperature field of fine control vapourizing furnace.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the utility model biomass high speed circle fluidized-bed gasification furnace.
Among the figure: 1-riser tube, 2-charging opening, 3-blast cap, 4-air distribution plate, 5-air compartment, 6-scum pipe, 7-material returning device, 8-dividing plate, 9-standpipe, 10-cyclonic separator, 11-outlet conduit.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the utility model, the technical scheme in the utility model is clearly and completely described.
Figure 1 shows that the structural representation of the utility model biomass high speed circle fluidized-bed gasification furnace, described biomass high speed circle fluidized-bed gasification furnace comprises riser tube 1, cloth wind system, cyclonic separator 10 and material returning device 7.Riser tube 1 offers charging opening 2, and described cloth wind system is located at riser tube 1 bottom, and described cloth wind system comprises air compartment 5, air distribution plate 4 and blast cap 3, and air distribution plate 4 is arranged at the top in the air compartment 5, and blast cap 3 is arranged on the air distribution plate 4.The top outlet of riser tube 1 is connected with cyclonic separator 10, the top of cyclonic separator 10 is provided with outlet conduit 11, the bottom of cyclonic separator 10 is connected with the import of material returning device 7, concrete, the bottom of cyclonic separator 10 is connected by the import of standpipe 9 and material returning device 7, the outlet of material returning device 7 links to each other with riser tube 1 bottom, forms the material circulation loop.
Described riser tube 1 is straight tubular, and the air distribution plate 4 of riser tube 1 bottom is circular, and air distribution plate 4 centers are connected to scum pipe 6, and scum pipe 6 internal diameters are 100~200mm.Air enters riser tube 1 bottom as vaporized chemical by air compartment 5, makes that bed material (inert particles such as river sand that particle diameter 1mm is following or cinder) is realized fluidized state in the riser tube 1, and with the biomass fuel reaction that adds, produce biological fuel gas.Charging opening 2 in the riser tube 1 is apart from air distribution plate 2~2.5m.The outlet of material returning device 7 is positioned at 2~3m place on the air distribution plate, and the connecting tube and the horizontal plane angle of the outlet of material returning device 7 and riser tube 1 bottom are 45~60 °.Be provided with the dividing plate 8 that is used to control the returning charge amount in the middle of the material returning device 7, dividing plate 8 lower edges are apart from material returning device 7 bottoms 300~800mm.
Riser tube 1 top connects cyclonic separator 10 in the utility model, the top outlet of riser tube 1 and downward-sloping 10~15 ° of the connecting passage of cyclonic separator 10, the combustion gas that reaction produces enters cyclonic separator 10 by connecting passage, the bed material that combustion gas is carried and not the biological particles of complete reaction be collected by standpipe 9 and enter material returning device 7, combustion gas enters outlet conduit 11.
In the utility model in the vapourizing furnace material circulation realize by cyclonic separator 10 and material returning device 7, material returning device 7 is connected with riser tube 1 bottom, the mass transport that cyclonic separator 10 separates is gone back to riser tube 1 bottom, guarantee fuel and in circulation repeatedly gasification reaction more completely, thereby improve gasification efficiency.
Principle of work of the present utility model is as follows:
Biomass material enters riser tube 1 through charging opening 2, and air enters riser tube 1 bottom as vaporized chemical by the blast cap 3 that is arranged on the air distribution plate 4, realizes goods fluid in the riser tube.Biomass material and high hotbed material thorough mixing, and heated rapidly, react with air.After the macrobead biomass are fluidized and are suspended to certain altitude, emulsion zone bottom wall flow is got back to all around along riser tube 1, fine particle is then carried by flue gas and leaves riser tube 1, after being raised speed during by cyclonic separator 10 inlet flue ducts, enters cyclonic separator 10 at a high speed.Combustion gas is high speed rotating in cyclonic separator 10, be subjected to action of centrifugal force, the solids that quality is bigger in the combustion gas are thrown to cyclonic separator 10 walls, flow into material returning device 7 downwards along wall, high-temp solid material high efficiency separation from air-flow is come out in the cyclonic separator 10, sends riser tube 1 back to by material returning device 7, to keep granule density higher in the stove, guarantee fuel and in circulation repeatedly gasification reaction more completely, thereby improve gasification efficiency; Combustion gas is through the laggard inlet/outlet pipeline 11 of cyclonic separator 10 gas solid separation.
The utility model biomass high speed circle fluidized-bed gasification furnace, adopt unique texture that biomass material is gasified, cyclonic separator and material returning device design efficiently can guarantee the repeatedly reaction of big solid circulating rate and biomass material, thereby stable, the high-efficiency gasification of biomass fuel have been realized in the temperature field of fine control vapourizing furnace.
The above; it only is embodiment of the present utility model; but protection domain of the present utility model is not limited thereto; anyly belong to those skilled in the art in the technical scope that the utility model discloses; the variation that can expect easily or replacement all should be encompassed within the protection domain of the present utility model.Therefore, protection domain of the present utility model should be as the criterion with the protection domain of claim.

Claims (7)

1. biomass high speed circle fluidized-bed gasification furnace, it is characterized in that: comprise riser tube (1), the cloth wind system, cyclonic separator (10) and material returning device (7), riser tube (1) offers charging opening (2), described cloth wind system is located at riser tube (1) bottom, described cloth wind system comprises air compartment (5), air distribution plate (4) and blast cap (3), air distribution plate (4) is arranged at the top in the air compartment (5), blast cap (3) is arranged on the air distribution plate (4), the top outlet of riser tube (1) is connected with cyclonic separator (10), the top of cyclonic separator (10) is provided with outlet conduit (11), the bottom of cyclonic separator (10) is connected with the import of material returning device (7), and the outlet of material returning device (7) links to each other with riser tube (1) bottom.
2. biomass high speed circle fluidized-bed gasification furnace as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the bottom of cyclonic separator (10) is connected by the import of standpipe (9) and material returning device (7).
3. biomass high speed circle fluidized-bed gasification furnace as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the charging opening (2) on the riser tube (1) is apart from air distribution plate (4) 2~2.5m.
4. biomass high speed circle fluidized-bed gasification furnace as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: riser tube (1) is straight tubular, the top outlet of riser tube (1) and downward-sloping 10~15 ° of the connecting passage of cyclonic separator (10).
5. biomass high speed circle fluidized-bed gasification furnace as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the outlet of material returning device (7) is positioned at the last 2~3m of air distribution plate (4) place, and the outlet of material returning device (7) becomes 45~60 ° with the connecting tube of riser tube (1) bottom with horizontal plane.
6. biomass high speed circle fluidized-bed gasification furnace as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: be provided with dividing plate (8) in the middle of the material returning device (7), the lower edge of dividing plate (8) is apart from material returning device (7) bottom 300~800mm.
7. biomass high speed circle fluidized-bed gasification furnace as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: air distribution plate (4) is for circular, and the center of air distribution plate (4) is connected to scum pipe (6), and the internal diameter of scum pipe (6) is 100~200mm.
CN2011201626207U 2011-05-20 2011-05-20 High-speed biomass circulating fluidized bed gasifier Expired - Lifetime CN202072674U (en)

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102876339A (en) * 2012-10-17 2013-01-16 哈尔滨工业大学 Gasification and splitting reaction device
CN103216843A (en) * 2013-03-29 2013-07-24 合肥德博生物能源科技有限公司 Biomass gasifying burning boiler
CN103980945A (en) * 2014-05-23 2014-08-13 李轼 Biomass gasifier with external combustor and biomass gasification method
CN104498095A (en) * 2014-12-11 2015-04-08 广州迪森热能技术股份有限公司 Process for pyrolyzing and gasifying biomass by using fluidized bed
CN109988654A (en) * 2019-04-29 2019-07-09 西安交通大学 A kind of ciculation fluidized bed gasification system of supercritical water and method
CN113825824A (en) * 2019-08-08 2021-12-21 株式会社Ihi Gasification gas generation system

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102876339A (en) * 2012-10-17 2013-01-16 哈尔滨工业大学 Gasification and splitting reaction device
CN102876339B (en) * 2012-10-17 2013-12-25 哈尔滨工业大学 Gasification and splitting reaction device
CN103216843A (en) * 2013-03-29 2013-07-24 合肥德博生物能源科技有限公司 Biomass gasifying burning boiler
CN103980945A (en) * 2014-05-23 2014-08-13 李轼 Biomass gasifier with external combustor and biomass gasification method
CN104498095A (en) * 2014-12-11 2015-04-08 广州迪森热能技术股份有限公司 Process for pyrolyzing and gasifying biomass by using fluidized bed
CN109988654A (en) * 2019-04-29 2019-07-09 西安交通大学 A kind of ciculation fluidized bed gasification system of supercritical water and method
CN109988654B (en) * 2019-04-29 2024-07-16 西安交通大学 Supercritical water circulating fluidized bed gasification system and method
CN113825824A (en) * 2019-08-08 2021-12-21 株式会社Ihi Gasification gas generation system

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