CN202072483U - Preparation device of ammonium nitrate concentrated solution - Google Patents
Preparation device of ammonium nitrate concentrated solution Download PDFInfo
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- CN202072483U CN202072483U CN2011201700277U CN201120170027U CN202072483U CN 202072483 U CN202072483 U CN 202072483U CN 2011201700277 U CN2011201700277 U CN 2011201700277U CN 201120170027 U CN201120170027 U CN 201120170027U CN 202072483 U CN202072483 U CN 202072483U
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- ammonium nitrate
- interchanger
- heat exchanger
- evaporating heat
- surge tank
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a preparation device of an ammonium nitrate concentrated solution, which comprises a compression tube type reactor, an ammonium nitrate buffering vessel, an evaporating heat exchanger, concentrating equipment, a pressure controller and a device for comprehensively processing process steam and condensate, wherein the evaporating heat exchanger comprises a first-stage evaporating heat exchanger and a second-stage evaporating heat exchanger; the second-stage evaporating heat exchanger adopts neutralized ammonium nitrate solution as a heat source; the concentrating equipment comprises at least two flash evaporators, a separator and a feeding groove; the device for comprehensively processing process steam and condensate comprises a comprehensive processing tower, a pump, a condenser, an ejector and a condensate groove. The preparation device can systematically solve the problems of effective utilization of reaction heat, energy saving, consumption reduction, process simplification, corrosion reduction and the like, thereby effectively using the reaction heat and the ammonium nitrate solution with the production concentration of 97%-99.7%; and the preparation device is particularly suitable for feeding high concentration nitric acid and preparing high density ammonium nitrate products.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of preparation facilities of concentration liquid of ammonium nitrate.
Background technology
The preparation method of conventional ammonium nitrate solution utilizes neutralization reaction thermogenesis secondary steam, the ammonium nitrate solution that generates is carried out evaporation concentration produce the ammonium nitrate concentrated solution.Have only when concentration of nitric acid＜50% (about 47.5%), utilize secondary steam prevapourising ammonium nitrate just may reach top efficiency.Use 55 ~ 57% nitric acid, when utilizing neutralization reaction heat to produce 83 ~ 85% ammonium nitrate, in fact got rid of and utilized secondary steam to carry out the possibility of prevapourising, this moment the low level secondary steam to be used to evaporate lower concentration (ammonium nitrate content is less than 45%) washings more reasonable, certainly will cause like this higher category live steam (temperature＞180 ℃) introducing and cause the raising of product energy consumption.
Along with the employing of modern nitric acid process, the acid concentration that is used to produce ammonium nitrate reaches 58% ~ 62%, and also has the trend that further improves, and reaches 65% ~ 67% even.In order to improve the utilization ratio of secondary steam, neutralisation is produced ammonium nitrate solution and is generally adopted pressuring method at present, because the increase of reaction heat and the restriction of ammonium nitrate decomposition temperature, consider production safety, the working pressure of neutralization reactor is along with the raising inevitable requirement of concentration of nitric acid reduces, and the efficient of secondary steam utilization will further descend like this.
The technology of utilizing the pressurization tubular reactor to make ammonium nitrate has become a kind of known technology (as: ZL86105683, ZL97102296.8 etc.), this technology has not only solved the safety problem of normal pressure positive displacement neutralization reactor, and has improved the utilization ratio of secondary steam greatly.But because reaction is to operate under the boiling pressure that generates ammonium nitrate, secondary steam is the temperature of saturation under the corresponding operating pressure, temperature has only about 140 ~ 150 ℃, can't only utilize the thermogenetic secondary steam of reaction to reach more than the concentrated solutions of ammonium nitrate to 96%, especially can not satisfy the requirement of high density product, cause the total system energy consumption higher ammonium nitrate solution concentration (97% ~ 99.7%).Like this, even operation under pressurization only utilizes reaction heat that ammonium nitrate solution concentration is increased to more than 96%.If with 60% charging acid concentration routine operation pressure is 4.5bar(abs), corresponding temperature of saturation has only 148 ℃, only depends on secondary steam can only make final ammonium nitrate concn reach 95% ~ 96%.Simultaneously, easily produce smog in the reaction process and produce the more secondary steam of a large amount of pollutions (NH3:0.95 ~ 1.0%, ammonium nitrate: 0.5 ~ 0.8%), need the secondary steam washing and the phlegma treatment system of supporting complexity, invest bigger.
In order only to utilize reaction heat production concentration is 97% ~ 99.7% ammonium nitrate solution, develops multiple production technique and method (as: United States Patent (USP) 4645656 etc.) again in succession.In these methods, neutralization reaction is used the pressurized volume formula reactor with internal recycling usually, and all adopted the hot ammonium nitrate solution circulation type of heating after the pressurization neutralization, though improved the heat energy utilization rate of system, but, improved process complexity, product consumption and aggravated system's corrosion owing to increased about 185 ℃ hot ammonium nitrate solution circulation loop and recycle pump; And the system handles problem that does not all relate to process steam and phlegma.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome above-mentioned deficiency, the utility model provides a kind of preparation facilities of concentration liquid of ammonium nitrate, be intended to utilize the pressurization tubular reactor to make on the technical foundation of ammonium nitrate, according to the different acid concentrations of advancing, the system handles reality of cohesive process process steam and phlegma, system solve reaction heat effective utilization, energy-saving and cost-reducing, simplify problems such as technology, mitigate corrosion, be 97% ~ 99.7% ammonium nitrate solution thereby efficiently utilize reaction heat production concentration.
The utility model adopts following technical scheme: a kind of preparation facilities of concentration liquid of ammonium nitrate, it is characterized in that: comprise pressurization tubular reactor, ammonium nitrate surge tank, evaporating heat exchanger, thickening equipment, pressure controller, process steam and phlegma comprehensive treatment equipment, evaporating heat exchanger comprises one section evaporating heat exchanger and dual circulation interchanger, the dual circulation interchanger by the neutralization after ammonium nitrate solution as thermal source; Thickening equipment comprises at least two flashers, separator, feeding trough, and process steam and phlegma comprehensive treatment equipment comprise comprehensive treating process tower, pump, condenser, injector, condensation liquid bath.
In such scheme, described dual circulation interchanger is a heat pipe pattern interchanger, directly is installed in the ammonium nitrate surge tank, with its formation integration apparatus.
In such scheme, described dual circulation interchanger is a falling liquid film pattern interchanger, links to each other with the ammonium nitrate surge tank.
In such scheme, described dual circulation interchanger is an air gas stripping type falling liquid film interchanger, links to each other with the ammonium nitrate surge tank.
In this patent method, neutralization reaction is carried out in pressurization pressurization tubular reactor, and service temperature is brought up to 190 ~ 195 ℃.Utilize pressurization pressurization tubular reactor to carry out neutralization reaction,, make reaction control sensitive more and reliable because its volume is little and ammonium nitrate mixture is disposable by characteristic; And because that liquid holdup reaches the residence time less is short, the device security improves greatly, has objectively possessed temperature of reaction by 180 ~ 185 ℃ of bases that are increased to 190 ~ 195 ℃, will more help effective utilization of reaction heat and energy-saving and cost-reducing.
Concentration of nitric acid did not adopt hot ammonium nitrate solution circulation loop mode to reclaim neutralization reaction heat less than 62% o'clock, and only 13% ~ 45% ammonium nitrate solution that reclaims of use process steam and phlegma treatment system is controlled its temperature of reaction.When concentration of nitric acid greater than 62%(as: in the time of 65% ~ 67%), neutralization reaction is aided with the lesser temps after the flash distillation of a certain amount of (reaching control reaction temperature get final product) again when introducing 13% ~ 45% ammonium nitrate solution that process steam and phlegma treatment system reclaim ammonium nitrate solution reclaims neutralization reaction heat, and having alleviated the existing reaction heat production concentration of only utilizing greatly is the problem of 97% ~ 99.7% ammonium nitrate solution technology appearance.
Adopt this device to produce concentration liquid of ammonium nitrate, advance acid concentration (＞58%) according to different, the neutralization reaction of carrying out in the pressurization tubular reactor is kept working pressure a little more than the corresponding boiling pressure of actually operating temperature, generates 65% ~ 72% ammonium nitrate solution down at 190 ~ 195 ℃.Subsequently, directly utilize this ammonium nitrate solution to heat the ammonium nitrate solution of higher concentration (90% ~ 95%) as thermal source, having realized only utilizing reaction heat can prepare concentration is 97% ~ 99.7% ammonium nitrate solution.
Because advancing acid concentration directly has influence on working pressure, so this patent to the control of reactor with conventional different is, (0.60 ~ 0.80Mpa) servo-actuated is in parameters such as the flow that enters reactor nitric acid, concentration, makes service temperature be controlled at 190 ~ 195 ℃ and do not make the solution boiling by pressure-regulator for reactor pressure.
This patent method is not because reactor produces secondary steam, so the nitrogen loss of system is extremely low, and the flash distillation of thickening equipment is (150 ~ 165 ℃ of service temperatures, the concentration 65%) of carrying out under the operational condition gentle than ordinary method (180 ~ 185 ℃ of service temperatures, concentration ~ 85%), and it is less that gas phase is carried secretly.Because it is Heating temperature is higher, so the system vacuum degree can hang down relatively, by rational equipment design, its nitrogen loss can be reduced to minimum, also minimum again to the pollution of evaporation condensate.However, this patent still is provided with process steam and phlegma total system, reclaims with qualified discharge and the material of guaranteeing sewage.
Though this patent method also is provided with the ammonium nitrate solution recycle system, but use during only as controlling reactor temperature in particular cases, its flow is less and be the lower concentration cryogenic fluid after the vacuum flashing, and is obviously favourable to the selection of energy-saving and cost-reducing and pump, can guarantee to safely and steadily run.
This patent method is because the tubular type neutralization reactor is being introduced 13% ~ 45% ammonium nitrate solution that process steam and phlegma treatment system reclaim or/and the ammonium nitrate solution after the vacuum flashing and the raising of reaction pressure, eliminate the formation of smog in the ammonium nitrate reaction process by the intensive back-mixing, further improved reaction efficiency.
The utility model provides three kinds of multi-form dual circulation systems, can select according to different demands in implementation process.Especially heat pipe-type dual circulation system can directly be installed in the ammonium nitrate surge tank, forms integrated apparatus with neutralization reaction system, more helps safety and stability and energy-saving and cost-reducing work.
The device that the utility model provides has solved under the high concentrated acid feed conditions preferably, effective utilization of reaction heat, the problems such as reaching safe operation of saving energy and reduce the cost, simultaneously also reduce cost of investment, be specially adapted to the formulations prepared from solutions of charging of high density nitric acid and high-density ammonium nitrate product.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the process flow diagram that heat pipe pattern interchanger is adopted in the utility model dual circulation.
Fig. 2 is the process flow diagram that falling liquid film pattern interchanger is adopted in the utility model dual circulation.
Fig. 3 is the process flow diagram that air gas stripping type falling-film evaporator is adopted in the utility model dual circulation.
Among the figure: 1: ammonia, 2: nitric acid, 3: the pressurization tubular reactor, 4: mixing tank, 5a, 5b: pressure controller, 6: the ammonium nitrate solution pump, 7a, 7b, 7c: flasher, 8a, 8b: separator, 9: the ammonium nitrate solution force (forcing) pump, 10: feeding trough, 11: one sections evaporating heat exchangers, 12: heat pipe dual evaporation interchanger, 13: comprehensive treating process tower, 14: treating column recycle pump, 15: condenser, 16: vacuum ejector, 17: condensation liquid bath, 18: condensate pump, 19: gas stripping type dual evaporation interchanger, 20: heat pipe air well heater, 21: air-blaster, 22: the gas stripping gas washing tower, 23: washing tower recycle pump, 24: vacuum fan, 25a, 25b: fluid level controller, 26: the ammonium nitrate surge tank, 27: falling film type dual evaporation interchanger, 28: fluid-tight, 29: superfluous secondary steam, 30: efflux phlegma, 31: concentration liquid of ammonium nitrate.
Embodiment
Embodiment:
As Fig. 1, Fig. 2, shown in Figure 3: the preparation facilities of the concentration liquid of ammonium nitrate that the utility model provides, comprise pressurization tubular reactor 3, ammonium nitrate surge tank 26, evaporating heat exchanger, thickening equipment, pressure controller 5a, 5b, process steam and phlegma comprehensive treatment equipment, evaporating heat exchanger comprises one section evaporating heat exchanger 11 and dual circulation interchanger 12,19 or 27, the dual circulation interchanger by the neutralization after ammonium nitrate solution as thermal source; Thickening equipment comprises flasher 7a, 7b, 7c, separator 8a, 8b, and feeding trough 10, process steam and phlegma comprehensive treatment equipment comprise comprehensive treating process tower 13, pump 14, condenser 15, injector 16, condensation liquid bath 17.Wherein, dual circulation interchanger 12 is a heat pipe pattern interchanger, directly is installed in the ammonium nitrate surge tank 26, with its formation integration apparatus; Dual circulation interchanger 27 is a falling liquid film pattern interchanger, links to each other with the ammonium nitrate surge tank; Dual circulation interchanger 19 is an air gas stripping type falling liquid film interchanger, links to each other with the ammonium nitrate surge tank.
Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3 show the process flow sheet that adopts three kinds of different types flash evaporators respectively, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing technological principle of the present utility model are described in further detail.
Process explanation: the mixture of nitric acid and ammonium nitrate dilute solution by nitric acid add the inlet 1, ammonia by ammonia add the inlet 2 enter the pressurization tubular reactor 3 in, pressurizeing under the control of pressure controller 5a, (0.60 ~ 0.80Mpa) reaction, the ammonium nitrate solution of generation enters ammonium nitrate surge tank 26.From 190 ~ 195 ℃ of ammonium nitrate surge tank 26,65% ~ 72% ammonium nitrate solution is through dual circulation interchanger 12,27 or 19, under the control of fluid level controller 25a, enter flasher 7a after the heat exchange, (0.35 ~ 0.45Mpa) flash distillation of under the control of pressure controller 5b, reducing pressure, ammonium nitrate solution after the flash distillation enters flasher 7b (0.02 ~ 0.03Mpa) flash distillation of reducing pressure again under the control of fluid level controller 25b, enter the ammonium nitrate solution that one section evaporating heat exchanger 11 carries out vacuum-evaporation formation 90% ~ 95% then, one section evaporating heat exchanger 11 uses the secondary processes steam of flasher 7a.90% ~ 95% ammonium nitrate solution enters feeding trough 10 and deliver to dual circulation interchanger 12,27 or 19 after pump 9 pressurization, by from 190 ~ 195 ℃ of ammonium nitrate surge tank 26,65% ~ 72% ammonium nitrate solution heating after finally generate (97.0% ~ 99.7%) concentration liquid of ammonium nitrate 31 behind the vacuum separator 7c, 8b flash separation.Process steam and phlegma enter comprehensive treating process tower 13 respectively and carry out circulation cleaning through pump 14 under control PH, process steam after the washing enters phlegma groove 17 through pump 18 discharge systems after the condensation in condenser 15, comprehensive treating process tower 13 is kept the vacuum state of 0.02 ~ 0.03Mpa by injector 16.
Claims (4)
1. the preparation facilities of a concentration liquid of ammonium nitrate, it is characterized in that: comprise pressurization tubular reactor, ammonium nitrate surge tank, evaporating heat exchanger, thickening equipment, pressure controller, process steam and phlegma comprehensive treatment equipment, evaporating heat exchanger comprises one section evaporating heat exchanger and dual circulation interchanger, the dual circulation interchanger by the neutralization after ammonium nitrate solution as thermal source; Thickening equipment comprises at least two flashers, separator, feeding trough, and process steam and phlegma comprehensive treatment equipment comprise comprehensive treating process tower, pump, condenser, injector, condensation liquid bath.
2. the preparation facilities of concentration liquid of ammonium nitrate according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described dual circulation interchanger is a heat pipe pattern interchanger, directly is installed in the ammonium nitrate surge tank, with its formation integration apparatus.
3. the preparation facilities of concentration liquid of ammonium nitrate according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described dual circulation interchanger is a falling liquid film pattern interchanger, links to each other with the ammonium nitrate surge tank.
4. the preparation facilities of concentration liquid of ammonium nitrate according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described dual circulation interchanger is an air gas stripping type falling liquid film interchanger, links to each other with the ammonium nitrate surge tank.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2011201700277U CN202072483U (en) | 2011-05-25 | 2011-05-25 | Preparation device of ammonium nitrate concentrated solution |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2011201700277U CN202072483U (en) | 2011-05-25 | 2011-05-25 | Preparation device of ammonium nitrate concentrated solution |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN202072483U true CN202072483U (en) | 2011-12-14 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN2011201700277U Expired - Lifetime CN202072483U (en) | 2011-05-25 | 2011-05-25 | Preparation device of ammonium nitrate concentrated solution |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105043917A (en) * | 2015-07-07 | 2015-11-11 | 湖北东神天神实业有限公司 | Rapid detection method of concentration of liquid ammonium nitrate |
-
2011
- 2011-05-25 CN CN2011201700277U patent/CN202072483U/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105043917A (en) * | 2015-07-07 | 2015-11-11 | 湖北东神天神实业有限公司 | Rapid detection method of concentration of liquid ammonium nitrate |
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| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
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Granted publication date: 20111214 |
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| CX01 | Expiry of patent term |