CN202053876U - Transmission mechanism for dynamic coupling - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a transmission mechanism for power coupling, which is suitable for the transmission mechanism of dual-energy power input and multi-power output of a light-duty parallel hybrid electric vehicle, and belongs to the field of power transmission. This mechanism includes front row sun gear, rear row sun gear, ring gear, planet carrier, long and short planetary gear mechanism, clutch and brake, etc. Its power is input from the rear sun gear and planet carrier, and output from the front sun gear and ring gear, and can be realized through the combined use of clutches C1, C2, and brakes B1, B2, including: pure electric mode, parking charging mode, engine starting mode , Combined drive driving mode, regenerative braking mode and engine independent operation mode and other working modes to minimize the emission of the entire system and improve energy utilization efficiency.

Description

A transmission mechanism for power coupling

technical field

The utility model relates to a power coupling transmission mechanism, which can be used for the power transmission and speed change mechanism of a dual-energy light-duty parallel hybrid electric vehicle, and belongs to the field of power transmission. the

Background technique

At present, the proportion of petroleum resources consumed by transportation continues to increase and the resulting air pollution and greenhouse gas emissions are attracting attention. Many countries, including China, are developing the application of renewable energy in transportation vehicles. In the development of these technologies, hybrid electric vehicles have great advantages. They do not rely on basic charging facilities, and are easy to use while saving energy and reducing emissions. the

The transmission system of a parallel hybrid electric vehicle is composed of a gasoline engine and an electric power system, and the power from the engine and the electric motor can be coupled to jointly drive the vehicle. Compared with series hybrid vehicles, the total mass of the powertrain can be reduced. Parallel hybrid vehicles are driven by electric motors when running at low speeds to minimize vehicle emissions; when driving at high speeds and climbing hills, the motors and engines drive the vehicles simultaneously. In cruise mode, the engine drives the car while charging the battery through the generator. At this time, the engine is controlled in the optimal fuel consumption area and the emission is low. the

The power from the two power devices needs to be related to each other through a certain coupling mechanism. A planetary gear mechanism is a three-port assembly consisting of a sun gear, a ring gear, and a planetary gear carrier, and can be used as such a coupling mechanism. Moreover, this type of mechanism has the characteristics of small size, convenient shifting, reliable transmission and high mechanical efficiency, and is widely used in automatic transmissions of automobiles, with mature production and manufacturing processes. the

Utility model content

The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide a mechanism for coupling the output of two power sources of a parallel hybrid electric vehicle, which can realize multiple operating modes and optimize the efficiency and emission of the whole vehicle; at the same time, it can be changed within a certain range The rotating speed meets the needs of the daily driving of the vehicle; the structure of the mechanism is reliable, the production process is mature, and the system should be easy to control. the

In order to achieve the above object, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions. The power coupling mechanism includes an engine 1, a generator 16, an electric motor 7, a set of planetary gear mechanism, clutch and brake, and is characterized in that: the engine 1 is connected with the small sun gear 4 through the clutch C12, and the engine 1 is connected with the small sun gear There is a large sun gear 3 between the 4, the end of the large sun gear 3 close to the engine 1 is meshed with the adjustment gear 14, the adjustment gear 14 is connected with the output shaft of the generator 16, and the end of the large sun gear 3 away from the engine 1 is connected to the long The planetary gear 12 is externally meshed, and the long planetary gear 12 is internally meshed in the ring gear 11. The outer end of the ring gear 11 is connected to the wheel 8 through the clutch C2 6 and the final reducer gear 9, and the small sun gear 4 is connected to the wheel 8 through the short planetary gear 5. The long planetary gear 12 meshes, and the extended end of the planetary carrier 10 stretches into the center of the short planetary gear 5 and the long planetary gear 12 as a central axis, and the other end of the planetary carrier 10 is connected with the output shaft of the motor 7 . A brake B1 is connected between the adjustment gear 14 and the generator 16 , and a brake B2 is connected between the planet carrier 10 and the long planetary gear 12 . the

The rotating speeds of the large sun gear 3, the ring gear 11, the planet carrier 10 and the small sun gear 4 are N1, N2, N3, N4 respectively. Both the generator 16 and the motor 7 are connected to the storage battery through the controller, wherein the electric energy generated by the generator can charge the storage battery, and the electric motor uses the electric energy of the storage battery to output mechanical energy. the

The mechanism includes a double-row planetary gear mechanism. Let the number of teeth of the large sun gear 3 be Z1, the number of teeth of the small sun gear 4 be Z4, and the number of teeth of the ring gear 11 be Z2, then the characteristic parameter α of the front and rear planetary gear mechanisms ₁ and α ₂ are respectively:

$\begin{array}{cc}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&alpha;</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; Z</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; <figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="Z"\; filenames="HDA0000058594540000011.png,HDA0000058594540000012.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">Z</figure-callout></span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}& \mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&alpha;</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; Z</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; <figure-callout\; id="4"\; label="Z"\; filenames="HDA0000058594540000011.png,HDA0000058594540000012.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">Z</figure-callout></span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 4</span>}}\end{array}$

The utility model is composed of a double-row planetary gear mechanism, wherein the large sun gear, the planetary carrier, the long planetary gear and the ring gear constitute the front row planetary gear mechanism, and the small sun gear, the planetary carrier, the long and short planetary gears and the ring gear constitute the rear row of double planets. Planetary gear mechanism. Changing the working mode can be realized through clutches and brakes, without the movement of rotating parts, and the structure is compact, and the manufacturing technology of parts is mature, which is convenient for popularization and use. the

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the utility model

Figure 2 is the electric working mode of the utility model

Figure 3 is the parking charging mode of the utility model

Fig. 4 is the engine starting mode of the present utility model

Fig. 5 is the combined driving mode of the present utility model

Fig. 6 is the regenerative braking driving mode of the present utility model

Fig. 7 is the engine driving and generating mode of the utility model

In the figure: 1. Engine 2. Clutch C1 3. Large sun gear 4. Small sun gear 5. Short planetary gear 6. Clutch C2 7. Electric motor 8. Wheel 9. Final gear 10. Planet carrier 11. Ring gear 12 .Long planetary gear 13. Brake B2 14. Adjustment gear 15. Brake B1 16. Generator

Detailed ways

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and specific embodiment, the utility model is further described. the

As shown in Figure 1, the power input includes two ways. In the first way, the engine 1 is connected with the small sun gear 4 of the double-row planetary gear mechanism through the clutch C1 (2), and the power is input into the power mechanism. When the clutch C2 is opened, the Cancel the power transmission; second way, the motor 7 can input power into the power mechanism through the planet carrier 10, whether the work of the motor needs to be controlled by the controller (not shown in the figure), and the planet carrier can be braked by the brake B2. The power output also includes two ways, the power is transmitted to the generator 16 through the big sun gear 3 and the gear 14; the power is transmitted to the wheels through the ring gear 11 and the clutch C2 (6) final drive gear, and the transmission is canceled when C2 is opened. The above power transmission methods can be carried out simultaneously, independently or in groups, and various working modes can be produced under the combination of different working modes of clutches and brakes. the

The working status of the clutch and brake in each working mode is shown in the following table:

the Operating mode C1 C2 B1 B2 1 electric Disconnect the braking the 2 Charge the Disconnect the braking 3 engine start the Disconnect braking the 4 Combined driving the the the the 5 regenerative braking Disconnect the the braking 6 Engine and engine/charging mode the the the braking

The working modes are described below in combination with illustrations. the

1. Electric mode (in the embodiment, also write the label after the name of the parts.)

When the vehicle is running at a low speed, the engine 1 will not be started, and the clutch C1 (2) will be disconnected; the brake B1 will brake the generator 16, and the big sun gear 4 will also be fixed at this time; the motor 7 will input power through the planet carrier and transmit it For the ring gear 11, the pure electric running mode is carried out. As shown in Figure 2, since the output rotation direction of the motor is easy to control, this working mode is also used for reversing. the

In this working mode, the power transmission mechanism consists of a large sun gear 3, a long planetary gear 12, a planetary carrier 10 and a ring gear 11, and the large sun gear 3 is braked. The degree of freedom of the single-row planetary gear mechanism is 1, constituting a fixed transmission Ratio transmission mode, the system transmission ratio is:

$\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; i</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; N</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 3</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; <figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="N"\; filenames="HDA0000058594540000011.png,HDA0000058594540000012.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">N</figure-callout></span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&alpha;</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; +</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&alpha;</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}$

2. Parking charging mode

The brake B2 (13) brakes the planetary carrier 10, the clutch C2 (6) disconnects the external load, the engine 1 inputs power through the small sun gear 4, transmits the power to the big sun gear through the power mechanism, and then drives through the gear 14 The generator 16 converts the input mechanical energy of the engine into electrical energy and stores it in the storage battery. the

The power transmission mechanism of the system consists of a small sun gear 4, a short planetary gear 5, a planetary carrier 10, a long planetary gear 12, a ring gear 11 and a large sun gear 3. It is a double-row planetary gear mechanism, and the degree of freedom of the fixed planetary carrier is 1 , as shown in Figure 3, the transmission ratio of the system is:

$\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; i</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; N</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 4</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; <figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="N"\; filenames="HDA0000058594540000011.png,HDA0000058594540000012.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">N</figure-callout></span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span>\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&alpha;</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&alpha;</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}$

3. Engine start

When the engine 1 is started when the car is stopped, the brake B1 (15) will brake the big sun gear 3, the clutch C2 (6) will disconnect the load, and the motor 7 will transmit power to the power transmission system to drive the engine to run. the

The power transmission mechanism of the system consists of a planetary carrier 10, a long planetary gear 12, a large sun gear 3, a short planetary gear 5, a small sun gear 4, a ring gear 11, double-row planetary gear transmission, and a fixed large sun gear, as shown in Figure 4 , the transmission ratio of the system is:

$\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; i</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; N</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 3</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; <figure-callout\; id="4"\; label="N"\; filenames="HDA0000058594540000011.png,HDA0000058594540000012.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">N</figure-callout></span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 4</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&alpha;</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&alpha;</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; +</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&alpha;</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}$

4. Combined driving

Both the engine 1 and the electric motor 7 input power to the power transmission system, and the ring gear 11 outputs power, which is suitable for working occasions with large load output. The power transmission mechanism of the system consists of a planet carrier 10, a long planetary gear 12, a large sun gear 3, a short planetary gear 5, a small sun gear 4, and a ring gear 11. It is a double-row planetary gear transmission. The speed coupling characteristics of the system are:

$\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; <figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="N"\; filenames="HDA0000058594540000011.png,HDA0000058594540000012.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">N</figure-callout></span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&alpha;</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; N</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 4</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&alpha;</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&alpha;</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; <figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="N"\; filenames="HDA0000058594540000011.png,HDA0000058594540000012.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">N</figure-callout></span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 3</span>}$

In this working condition, the engine 1 (speed N4) can run in a relatively fixed speed range, thereby improving economy and emission. Adapt to the load requirement by changing the output of the motor 7 (speed N3). the

Combined driving travel can also control whether the generator 16 generates electricity by changing the speed ratio of the motor 7 and the engine 1. Therefore, there are also two working modes:

1) The system can drive the generator 16 to generate electricity. This mode is suitable for the working conditions where the battery needs to be charged. The speed coupling characteristics of the system are:

N1＝(1+α1)N3-α1N2

2) Adjust the speed ratio of the engine and the electric motor so that the speed of the big sun gear 3 is 0 or close to 0, and all the power is output to the wheel 8. This mode is suitable for heavy loads such as car acceleration and climbing. At this time need to meet:

(α1+α2)N3＝α1N4

5. Regenerative braking mode

When the vehicle is in a rapid deceleration (or braking) state, the brake B2 (13) brakes, the clutch C1 (2) is disconnected, and the power of the ring gear 11 can drive the generator to generate electricity and charge the storage battery. Transmission parts include ring gear 11, planetary carrier 10 (brake), long planetary gear 12, big sun gear 3, as shown in Figure 6, the transmission ratio is fixed as:

$\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; i</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; N</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; <figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="N"\; filenames="HDA0000058594540000011.png,HDA0000058594540000012.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">N</figure-callout></span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span>\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&alpha;</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}$

6. Engine alone operation and engine charging mode

This mode uses the engine to drive the car, which is suitable for occasions where the emission requirements are loose in the suburbs; at the same time, the battery can also be charged while the car is running. As shown in FIG. 7 , at this time, the brake B2 brakes, and the engine 1 transmits power to the large sun gear 3 and the ring gear 11 . The transmission parts of the system include small sun gear 4, short planetary gear 5, long planetary gear 12, large sun gear 4, planetary carrier 10 and ring gear 11, the transmission ratio of the system to the ring gear:

$\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; i</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\frac{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; N</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 4</span>}}}{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; <figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="N"\; filenames="HDA0000058594540000011.png,HDA0000058594540000012.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">N</figure-callout></span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&alpha;</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}$

The utility model belongs to a power coupling mechanism. Regardless of any changes in the shape or structure of the parts, any use of the double-row planetary gear mechanism described in this article to realize the power coupling and realize the above-mentioned working mode falls within the scope of protection of the utility model. Inside. the

Claims (2)

1. one kind is used for the transmission device that power is coupled, comprise a driving engine (1), an electrical generator (16), an electrical motor (7), one cover sun and planet gear and power-transfer clutch and drg, it is characterized in that: driving engine (1) links to each other with small sun gear (4) by power-transfer clutch C1 (2), be set with big sun wheel (3) between driving engine (1) and the small sun gear (4), big sun wheel (3) is near an end and adjustment gear (14) engagement of driving engine (1), adjusting gear (14) is connected with the output shaft of electrical generator (16), big sun wheel (3) is away from an end and long planet gear (12) external toothing of driving engine (1), be engaged in the long planet gear (12) in the gear ring (11), the outer end of gear ring (11) is by power-transfer clutch C2 (6), main reduction gear gear (9) links to each other with wheel (8), small sun gear (4) is again by short planet gear (5) and long planet gear (12) engagement, the external part of pinion carrier (10) stretches into the center of short planet gear (5) and long planet gear (12) as center shaft, and the other end of pinion carrier (10) links to each other with the output shaft of electrical motor (7).Adjust between gear (14) and the electrical generator (16) and be connected with drg B1, between pinion carrier (10) and the long planet gear (12) drg B2 is arranged.

2. a kind of transmission device that is used for the power coupling according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: electrical generator (16) all is connected with storage battery by controller with electrical motor (7).

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