CN202045944U - 一种具有防火阻燃功能的木板 - Google Patents
一种具有防火阻燃功能的木板 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本实用新型涉及一种具有防火阻燃功能的木板，其特征在于，具体为在木板上设有上表面层，喷涂或直接浸涂新型防火阻燃涂料，厚度为35～55μm，制成一种透明轻质、防火阻燃、疏水疏油、耐磨、有光泽、防紫外线以及符合环保要求的木板，生产出的木板因为具有高强度的防火阻燃性能和卓越的防水性能，适用的范围进一步扩大，使用的寿命大大延长。与现有技术相比，具有操作简单、施工方便、成本低、见效快等特点。
Description
【技术领域】
本实用新型涉及木板及木材加工技术，具体为木板构件及其制品，特别是涉及具有防火阻燃功能的木板。
【背景技术】
易燃性是普通木质材料的致命弱点，许多使用木板的场所都存在安全隐患，威胁人类生命安全，木材燃烧过程也产生大量二氧化碳及其他废气废料，对环境污染严重。因而木板在许多领域的应用上都受到限制。
现有技术中的防火木板为多层复合结构：含铝质膜一层，耐磨木纹纸一层，白色牛皮纸一层，普通牛皮纸多层。所有层相叠加铺平整后用百吨以上压力压机热压或冷压成型，工艺复杂，且粘合性不牢，防火时间较短。
现有技术中多为含有机涂料涂层的木板，耐热性有限，耐候性及耐溶剂性不理想，热解燃烧释放烟和有毒气体，污染较为严重。而无机防火涂料不燃，耐高温，在高温作用下不会产生有害气体。无机硅质材料的生产技术简便且质量易于控制，原材料来源更为丰富。
普通木板的应用范围局限于室内。而具有防火阻燃功能的木板应用范围广泛，既可以在室内运用，如古建筑、文物保护、家用木地板和高档家具等；也可以运用在户外，如户外桌椅板凳、公园景观用围栏、木板桥等。大幅度提升了木制品使用的安全性。
现有技术中的防火木板的涂层较厚，而且不透明，不能明显体现出木质材料的纹路。如采用透明涂料，则即可以保持木质装饰物的原貌，保证木板的条纹清晰，又可以起到防火的作用。透明涂料有光泽，装饰性强。
现有技术中有的是在木板中加一层耐磨木质纸，或者是表面粘接有耐磨纸的有色木板。如直接使涂料涂覆在木板上固化形成，则与木板的结合性好，耐刮擦，易清洁。
【实用新型内容】
本实用新型的目的在于克服现有技术上的不足，在木板上直接喷涂上用于防火阻燃的新型透明防火阻燃涂料，设计出一种轻质有光泽、防火阻燃、疏水疏油、耐磨、防紫外线以及符合环保要求的木板。因为具有高强度的防火阻燃性能和卓越的防水、耐磨性能，可使适用的范围进一步扩大，使用寿命大大延长。
本实用新型防火阻燃涂料为无机硅质涂料，有优良的耐高温性，耐候性及耐溶剂性也优异，价格较低廉，对环境污染小，符合环保要求。
本实用新型的技术方案如下：将干燥木材直接制成0.8～2.4mm的木板，其木板上设有上表面层；在木板上表面喷涂或直接浸涂新型防火阻燃涂料，厚度为35～55μm；涂装后自然干燥10小时或者100℃烘干2～3小时，形成坚硬透明膜。据监测表示，耐磨度达8000转以上。由于木材表面本来含有羟基，与新型防火阻燃涂料中的所含的烷氧基可以直接脱水缩合，交联成网络结构，结合紧密，作用良好；而且新型防火阻燃涂料具有透明性，可以保证木板的条纹清晰；同时具有高度的疏水疏油性，耐污，易清洁。
新型防火阻燃涂料中各组分的质量百分比如下：
三甲氧基硅烷 27％～37.5％
助剂 1.0％～2.5％
纳米氧化铝溶胶 余量
所述的基材前处理，是通过60～100目刚玉喷砂处理。
制作工艺为：
一、配制A料：纳米颗粒氧化铝溶胶。
二、配制B料：三甲氧基硅烷。
三、将A料和B料混合，即成本实用新型防火阻燃木板专用透明涂料。
本实用新型所制备的专用透明涂料基本性能经测试如下：在容器中无结块，搅拌后呈均匀状态；与木板的附着力达到1级；冲击强度为490N·cm；耐水性24h无起皱、无剥落；耐烧时间为90min；火焰传播比值为3.8；阻火性的质量损失为3.4g；阻火性的炭化体积为0.34m3。
本实用新型由于采用上述技术方案，材料表面无木质，具有高强度的防火阻燃性能和卓越的防水性能，适用的范围也进一步扩大，使用的寿命大大延长。而且还有高温不开裂、不变形、质地坚硬、耐磨、隔热、抗紫外老化等优点。经检测，防火阻燃木材防火耐久性好。与现有技术相比，具有操作简单、施工方便、成本低、见效快等特点，防火涂料可以随心所欲的涂在木板上，其防火性能可达最佳状态。
【附图说明】
图1本实用新型的结构示意图。
【具体实施方式】
实施例1
如图1所示：一种具有防火阻燃功能的木板，是将干燥木材直接制成薄0.8～2.4mm的长方形木板2。在木板上表面喷涂或直接浸涂新型防火阻燃透明涂料1，厚度为35～55μm。涂装后自然干燥10小时或者100℃烘干2～3小时，形成坚硬透明膜。木材表面本来含有羟基，与新型防火阻燃涂料中的所含的烷氧基可以脱水缩合，交联成网络结构，结合紧密，作用良好。而且新型防火阻燃涂料具有透明性，可以保证木板的条纹清晰。同时具有高度的疏水疏油性，耐污，易清洁。
新型防火阻燃涂料中各组分的质量配比如下：
三甲氧基硅烷 30％
纳米氧化铝溶胶 68％
助剂 2％
所述的基材前处理，是通过60～100目刚玉喷砂处理。
制作工艺为：
一、配制A料：纳米颗粒氧化铝溶胶。
二、配制B料：三甲氧基硅烷。
三、将A料和B料混合，用醋酸调pH值至酸性，即成本实用新型防火阻燃木板专用涂料。
以上所述仅是本实用新型的优选实施方式，应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员，在不脱离本实用新型构思的前提下，还可以做出若干改进和润饰，这些改进和润饰也应视为本实用新型的保护范围内。
Claims (3)
1.一种具有防火阻燃功能的木板，其特征在于，所述的木板涂有上表面层。
2.如权利要求所述1的一种具有防火阻燃功能的木板，其特征在于，所述的上表层为新型防火阻燃涂料。
3.如权利要求所述1的一种具有防火阻燃功能的木板，其特征在于，所述的上表层的厚度为35～55μm。
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| CN102777003A (zh) * | 2012-07-07 | 2012-11-14 | 苏州萃智新技术开发有限公司 | 一种阻燃天花板 |
| CN103590561A (zh) * | 2013-11-01 | 2014-02-19 | 苏州金螳螂建筑装饰股份有限公司 | 轻质阻燃防潮木质装饰面板 |
| CN106121075A (zh) * | 2016-08-28 | 2016-11-16 | 桂林新艺制冷设备有限责任公司 | 一种防火木板 |
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| US10290004B1 (en) | 2017-12-02 | 2019-05-14 | M-Fire Suppression, Inc. | Supply chain management system for supplying clean fire inhibiting chemical (CFIC) totes to a network of wood-treating lumber and prefabrication panel factories and wood-framed building construction job sites |
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-
2011
- 2011-03-28 CN CN2011200858086U patent/CN202045944U/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| CN103590561A (zh) * | 2013-11-01 | 2014-02-19 | 苏州金螳螂建筑装饰股份有限公司 | 轻质阻燃防潮木质装饰面板 |
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