CN202004076U - Lead accumulator - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a lead accumulator which is provided with a plurality of monomer batteries (12), wherein each monomer battery is provided with a counter electrode plate group (11), electrolyte and a monomer battery room (14); the counter electrode plate group (11) is collected in the monomer battery room (14) in the state of dipping in electrolyte; the counter electrode plate group is formed in the way that a plurality of positive plates (2) and a plurality of negative plates (3) are alternately arranged by a dummy plate (4); each positive plate (2) comprises a positive collector with a lug (9) and a positive active substance layer kept by the positive collector; and each negative plate (3) comprises a negative collector with the lug (9) and a negative active substance layer kept by the negative collector. The lead accumulator is characterized in that the positive busbars (6) of the positive plates of the monomer battery and the negative busbars (5) of the negative plates of the monomer battery are respectively directly welded with the negative busbar (5) of the negative plate and the positive busbar (6) of the positive plate of a monomer battery adjacent to the monomer battery in an electrodeless column; the monomer batteries are connected in series; and the ratio of the cross section of the lug of each positive plate to the cross section of the lug of each negative plate is more than or equal to 0.6 and is less than 1.0.

Description

Lead accumulator

Technical field

The utility model relates to a kind of lead accumulator.More particularly, the utility model relates to the lead accumulator that is used for the main power source purposes.

Background technology

Lead accumulator starts the power supply of vehicle and is used for the back-up source except being used to, also be widely used in the main power source purposes, promptly as independent charging/discharging apparatus with the power supply electrical source of power of electric automobile, electric bicycle, battery-operated motor cycle, Segway Human Transporter, small-sized electric vehicle using motor, golf cart etc. for example, solar energy is with battery etc.In these purposes, the work characteristics of lead accumulator is: electric current is big during startup, and discharging current is less during driving, and discharge time is long.Meanwhile, also require to reduce the maintaining of lead acid accumulator, particularly require it to have long useful life.Aspect the long lifetime of battery, common way is: be added in the pressure on the pole plate group and push down positive active material with dividing plate by raising, thereby suppress the expansion of positive active material, prevent coming off of positive active material.But, along with the maximization of battery, change material or increase electric cell wall thick for strengthening electric groove, even like this, also be difficult on the pole plate group, apply and keep suitable pressure.Lead acid accumulator is along with the prolongation of its service time, because of the oxidation of positive electrode collector produces corrosion.Cause the sectional area of positive electrode collector to reduce thus, the conductivity of whole positive plate descends.Voltage characteristic when consequently battery carries out the high rate discharge descends.When the corrosion of such positive electrode collector further developed, final positive electrode collector itself ruptured.Cause battery capacity to descend and life termination rapidly thus.

At the capacity of electric vehicle lead accumulator, charge and discharge electrically, performance such as fail safe and corresponding structure carrying out various researchs always.

CN101459260A discloses a kind of electrodeless column valve control sealed type lead accumulator, and it is made by following method: positive and negative pole plate is formed utmost point group with spaced walls; Melt the plumbous bus-bar that forms by filling out, and pole in the middle of the replacement of use bus-bar, the lug with positive and negative pole plate among the utmost point group couples together respectively, forms single lattice utmost point group; Some single lattice utmost point groups are packed in the battery container side by side, connect by gas welding and melt the plumbous bus-bar that will be connected with positive and negative electrode plate ear respectively and connect, between each single lattice utmost point group, form and connect; After battery cap, curing, draw copper cash at positive and negative terminal and replace copper terminal, draw the both positive and negative polarity of battery.This invention is adopted bus-bar to connect replacement and is striden the bridge welding connection, and the method assembled battery of line splicing ear has fundamentally solved the terminal leakage, the terminal corrosion causes battery to finish the problem in useful life in advance, save plumbous consumption greatly, reduced the cost of product, improved work efficiency.

CN201590439U discloses a kind of and the corresponding lead acid accumulator battery cover of the direct-connected structure of bus-bar, it comprises lid, the inner surface of above-mentioned lid has groove lid sealant groove, the inner surface of above-mentioned lid also has the bus-bar seal groove of depth ratio groove lid sealant groove depth, and above-mentioned bus-bar seal groove is communicated with groove lid sealant groove.The direct-connected structure of so-called bus-bar is by disposable freezing two utmost point groups directly to be welded together, and uses the heat conduction sealant sealing in battery cover inside weldment, and the heat that bus-bar produced transmits heat radiation fast by the heat conduction fluid sealant.This utility model is established the bus-bar seal groove that is communicated with groove lid sealant groove at the inner surface of lid, bus-bar can directly stretch in the bus-bar seal groove, realized the bus-bar direct coupled structure of lead acid accumulator, improved the conductive effect of bus-bar greatly, the volume of battery specific energy has been improved in the inner space of also having saved battery simultaneously.Make the high current charge-discharge of lead acid accumulator become possibility, expanded the application of lead acid accumulator, more promoted the development of related industries such as electric automobile.

Opening flat 5-45901 discloses a kind of lead accumulator in fact in Japan, wherein make the width of foot of negative plate grid bigger than the width of the foot of positive plate grid, to be inserted in the electric groove by the pole plate group of using negative plate that these pole plate grids make and positive plate to assemble, separately foot is installed on the saddle of the extensibility that can absorb pole plate.Its technical problem to be solved is: in the use of lead accumulator, the stretching, extension of positive plate takes place easily, this stretching, extension can not fully sponge by saddle, and can since the bending of above-mentioned positive plate etc. make and be short-circuited between itself and the adjacent negative plate, thereby cause capacity to reduce, battery is scrapped.Its inventive concept is: the sectional area of the foot of the sectional area ratio positive plate grid of the foot by making the negative plate grid is big, thereby negative plate is increased the assimilation effect of the extensibility of positive plate, prevent from thus to cause bending, short circuit phenomenon because of the stretching, extension of positive plate grid.And, real the opening of Japan clearly put down in writing in flat 5-45901 the 0006th paragraph because in the design of lead accumulator with the pole plate grid, the common requirement of the thickness of negative plate grid is thinner than positive plate grid, therefore the sectional area for the foot of the sectional area ratio positive plate grid of the foot that makes the negative plate grid is big, then must make the width of foot of negative plate grid bigger than the width of the foot of positive plate grid.

A kind of airtight shape lead accumulator is disclosed among the Japanese kokai publication hei 3-81952, it is characterized in that, bus-bar is made in the welding of plate electrode ear, this bus-bar is embedded in the middle cover with bonding agent, making the gap between the bonding furrow bank of the gap of bus-bar and bus-bar and middle cover is same size, thereby makes bonding agent can not pile up, be impregnated in the spaced walls or spill into the battery outside etc.

But, the not open and teaching of above-mentioned document takes in improving the useful life of this battery for the overdischarge of electric vehicle lead accumulator, and improve the research of carrying out useful life in the prior art for the overdischarge that prevents the electric vehicle lead accumulator also very insufficient.In general, the discharging current of electric vehicle lead accumulator is big more or depth of discharge is dark more, might cause overdischarge more, makes that the life-span of battery is also short more.This is because overdischarge can aggravate the corrosion of pole plate grid, produces resistive formation in pole plate grid/reactive species interface, and causes that positive material comes off, and discharge capacity of the cell is descended rapidly, impels battery early failure, makes battery life reduce greatly.Because electric motor car can't charge to battery when driving, so the driving distance is long more, depth of discharge is dark more, and need when the traffic lights when driving frequently to brake and start with big electric current, even when battery electric quantity is not enough, also still to start, cause overdischarge at this moment the easiliest with big electric current.Therefore the electric vehicle lead accumulator even depth of charge (SOC) shoals, still needs the high rate discharge in the use of reality, and the problem that therefore solves long lifetime is necessary.

The utility model content

Technical problem to be solved in the utility model

Under the situation of shallow depth of charge, also can carry out the high rate discharge even the purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of, and can reach long-life lead accumulator.

The technological means that solves this technical problem

The utility model provides a kind of lead accumulator, it has a plurality of cells, above-mentioned cell has the pole plate group, electrolyte and cell chamber, above-mentioned pole plate group is accommodated in the above-mentioned cell chamber with the state that impregnated in electrolyte, above-mentioned pole plate group is alternately to be arranged across dividing plate by multi-disc positive plate and multi-disc negative plate to form, every positive plate comprises positive electrode collector with lug and the positive electrode active material layer that is kept by this positive electrode collector, every negative plate comprises negative electrode collector with lug and the negative electrode active material layer that is kept by above-mentioned negative electrode collector, it is characterized in that, the positive bus of the positive plate of above-mentioned cell, the negative bus-bar of negative plate respectively with negative bus-bar with the adjacent cell negative plate separately of this cell, the positive bus of positive plate adopts no pole directly to weld, thus above-mentioned a plurality of cells are together in series, and the ratio of the sectional area of the lug of the sectional area of the lug of above-mentioned every positive plate and above-mentioned every negative plate is more than or equal to 0.6 and less than 1.0.

According to lead accumulator of the present utility model, the ratio of the sectional area sum of the sectional area sum of the lug of preferred above-mentioned multi-disc positive plate and the lug of above-mentioned multi-disc negative plate is 0.5～0.8.

According to lead accumulator of the present utility model, the sheet number of preferred above-mentioned multi-disc positive plate is more than 3, the sheet number of above-mentioned multi-disc negative plate is more than 4, and the sheet number of more preferably above-mentioned multi-disc positive plate is 4～9, and the sheet number of above-mentioned multi-disc negative plate is 5～10.

According to lead accumulator of the present utility model, the thickness of the lug of preferred above-mentioned every positive plate is less than the gross thickness of the lug of the thickness of the lug of above-mentioned every negative plate and/or the above-mentioned multi-disc positive plate gross thickness less than the lug of above-mentioned multi-disc negative plate.

According to lead accumulator of the present utility model, the width 5～7mm of the width 5～8mm of the lug of preferred above-mentioned every positive plate, the lug of above-mentioned every negative plate.

According to lead accumulator of the present utility model, preferably have above-mentioned cell more than 2, more preferably have 4～8 above-mentioned cells.

According to lead accumulator of the present utility model, preferred above-mentioned positive electrode collector is to cut the grid that draws in the net that daraf(reciprocal of farad) makes by reciprocating type.At this moment, preferred described grid has by the staggered mesh that constitutes of many ruled line, and when the width of setting described ruling is the thickness of W, described grid when being T, the ratio T/W that represents the tortuosity of described grid is 1.60～1.80 scope.And, preferably be filled in as positive electrode collector described and draw in the net on the grid as the lead plaster of positive active material, when the thickness that is filled with the positive plate of described lead plaster when setting was P, the ratio P/T that the expression lead plaster is crossed filling rate was 1.14～1.30.

According to lead accumulator of the present utility model, preferred above-mentioned negative electrode collector is the grid of being made by casting.

Lead accumulator of the present utility model is preferably used as the electrical source of power of electric automobile, electric bicycle, battery-operated motor cycle, Segway Human Transporter, Moped Scooter.

The effect of utility model

The utility model is by dwindling anodal lug sectional area, suitably reduced current collection, and will not adopt pole between the bus-bar of adjacent monomer battery and directly welding, got rid of and adopted pole to connect the influence that bus-bar causes current collection, thereby suppressed the high rate overdischarge, realize long lifetime, and can dwindle volume of battery.On this basis, adopt by reciprocating type by above-mentioned positive electrode collector and to cut the grid that draws in the net that daraf(reciprocal of farad) makes, control the tortuosity of above-mentioned grid, thereby reduce stress the mesh of grid; Perhaps, positive active material is carried out excessive filling (cross and fill), control is as the ratio of crossing filling rate of the lead plaster of positive active material, and suitably reduced current collection, positive electrode active material does not produce overdischarge when high rate discharges, and be difficult for stress corrosion takes place, thereby increased substantially in the life-span.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the stereogram that the part of lead accumulator of the present utility model is cut open.

Fig. 2 (a) is the front view of partly cut-away of the positive plate of lead accumulator of the present utility model; Fig. 2 (b) is the end view of above-mentioned positive plate.

Fig. 3 (a) is the front view of partly cut-away of the negative plate of lead accumulator of the present utility model; Fig. 3 (b) is the end view of above-mentioned negative plate.

Fig. 4 (a) is that expression adopts the reciprocating type daraf(reciprocal of farad) of cutting to process to prepare and draw in the net the process chart of grid and pole plate; Fig. 4 (b) is the local enlarged diagram of above-mentioned operation.

Fig. 5 (a) schematically shows the front view that draws in the net grid of cutting by reciprocating type that daraf(reciprocal of farad) is processed into; Fig. 5 (b) is the end view that draws in the net the pole plate that grid forms by above-mentioned; Fig. 5 (c) expression is above-mentioned draws in the net the local enlarged diagram of grid; Fig. 5 (d) presentation graphs 5 (c) draw in the net the cutaway view of grid along the A-A line; The partial sectional view that the above-mentioned positive plate of Fig. 5 (e) cuts along thickness direction.

Fig. 6 schematically shows to adopt no pole directly to weld the schematic diagram that a plurality of cells are together in series.

Embodiment

Below, with reference to accompanying drawing lead accumulator of the present utility model (following note is sometimes made " battery ") is described.In the accompanying drawings, for the purpose of simplifying the description, represent with same reference symbol having in fact the constitutive requirements of identical functions.In addition, the utility model is not limited to following execution mode.

The utility model relates to a kind of lead accumulator, it has a plurality of cells (being also referred to as monocell), this cell has the pole plate group, electrolyte and cell chamber, above-mentioned pole plate group is accommodated in the above-mentioned cell chamber with the state that impregnated in electrolyte, above-mentioned pole plate group is alternately to be arranged across dividing plate by multi-disc positive plate and multi-disc negative plate to form, every positive plate comprises positive electrode collector with lug and the positive electrode active material layer that is kept by this positive electrode collector, every negative plate comprises negative electrode collector with lug and the negative electrode active material layer that is kept by above-mentioned negative electrode collector, wherein, by configuration relation between each cell and electrical connection are optimized, and configuration to positive plate and negative plate, the sectional area of positive plate lug and negative plate lug, factors such as the relativeness of thickness design, even thereby realized that lead accumulator also can carry out the high rate discharge under the situation of shallow depth of charge, and can reach the long-life.

Lead accumulator of the present utility model can be the open liquid formula lead accumulator or the valve-regulated lead-acid battery of sealed type, but is preferably the valve-regulated lead-acid battery of sealed type.Fig. 1 is the stereogram that the part of lead accumulator of the present utility model is cut open.

The housing 19 of lead accumulator 1 is spaced apart wall 13 and is divided into a plurality of cells chamber 14, thereby make lead accumulator 1 have a plurality of cells 12, this cell 12 has pole plate group 11, electrolyte (not shown come out) and cell chamber 14, and above-mentioned pole plate group 11 is accommodated in the above-mentioned cell chamber 14 with the state that impregnated in electrolyte.Above-mentioned pole plate group 11 is alternately to be arranged across dividing plate 4 by multi-disc positive plate 2 and multi-disc negative plate 3 to form (the pole plate group 11 among Fig. 1 is only for schematically showing), wherein, consider from the viewpoint that improves efficiency for charge-discharge and cost control, the outermost of preferably above-mentioned pole plate group is negative plate, be that negative plate is Duoed 1 than positive plate, this is because be in the secondary cell of representative with the lead accumulator, battery capacity is exactly the capacitance of the utmost point of making a comment or criticism, the exoelectrical reaction of battery be practise physiognomy across dividing plate to positive pole and negative pole between carry out, therefore it is desirable to anodal two sides all with negative pole practise physiognomy to.

The sheet number of preferred above-mentioned multi-disc positive plate is more than 3, the sheet number of above-mentioned multi-disc negative plate is more than 4, and the sheet number of more preferably above-mentioned multi-disc positive plate is 4～9, and the sheet number of above-mentioned multi-disc negative plate is 5～10.Among above-mentioned a plurality of cells, the positive bus of the positive plate of each cell, the negative bus-bar of negative plate adopt no pole directly to weld respectively with the negative bus-bar of the adjacent cell negative plate separately of this cell, the positive bus of positive plate, successively above-mentioned a plurality of cells are together in series thus.Specifically, the positive pole ear 9 of each positive plate 2 couples together by positive bus 6, the negative lug 10 of each negative plate 3 couples together by negative bus-bar 5, the negative bus-bar 5 of each cell 12 uses metallic plates 8 such as lead, aluminium or copper material to carry out melting welding with the positive bus of adjacent monomer battery 12 6 or cast welding is directly welded, thereby the cell 12 that each cell 12 is adjacent is connected in series, and thus above-mentioned a plurality of cells is together in series.Direct welding between the above-mentioned bus-bar can stride across from spaced walls 13 tops to be carried out, and also can pass from the hole that spaced walls 13 has and carry out.

Inventors find, by making the bus-bar of opposed polarity of adjacent monomer battery not adopt pole and direct welding each cell of connecting, then the connection status between the cell is stable, current collection fluctuation between the cell is minimum, electric current is little, internal resistance is also little, thereby help carrying out the high rate discharge, and can reach the long-life.Specifically, adopting pole to connect indirectly under the situation of bus-bar of the opposed polarity between the adjacent monomer battery, current path is elongated, internal resistance increases, and along with internal resistance raises, caloric value also increases, and the temperature between the cell and the fluctuation of current collection also increase.Relative therewith, in the utility model, by making the bus-bar of opposed polarity of adjacent monomer battery not adopt pole and directly welding, current path shortens, and internal resistance reduces, and along with internal resistance reduces, caloric value also reduces, and the temperature between the cell and the fluctuation of current collection also reduce.Identical " the adopting no pole directly to weld " described in the utility model with the implication of " not adopting pole and directly welding ", all be meant directly welding between the bus-bar of the opposed polarity in the adjacent monomer battery itself, perhaps under the situation that does not adopt pole, only use metallic plates such as plumbous, aluminium or copper material to carry out melting welding between the bus-bar of the opposed polarity in the adjacent monomer battery or cast welding is welded.

Lead accumulator 1 preferably has above-mentioned cell 12 more than 2, more preferably has 4～8 above-mentioned cells 12.Positive bus at an end of housing 19 is connected with positive terminal 16, and is connected with negative terminal 17 at the negative bus-bar 5 of the other end of housing 19.Battery cover 15 is installed on the opening of housing 19.Blow vent that provides on battery cover 15 or valve 18 are used for the gas that inside battery produces is discharged to the battery outside, but seldom gas can occur.

Positive plate 2 comprises positive electrode collector 21 with positive pole ear 9 and the positive electrode active material layer 24 that is kept by this positive electrode collector 21.Fig. 2 (a) is the front view of partly cut-away of the positive plate 2 of lead accumulator of the present utility model, and Fig. 2 (b) is the end view of above-mentioned positive plate 2.

The material of positive electrode collector 21 and positive bus 6 can be a normally used Pb alloy in the positive plate of lead accumulator, for example comprise at least a Pb alloy that contains among Ca and the Sn, with regard to corrosion resistance and mechanical strength, can use the Pb-Sn alloy that comprises 0.05-3.0 quality %Sn, comprise the Pb-Ca alloy of 0.01-0.10 quality %Ca or comprise Ca and the Pb-Ca-Sn alloy of Sn.

Positive electrode active material layer 24 mainly comprises positive active material (PbO ₂), and except positive active material, can also comprise a small amount of electric conducting material (for example charcoal) and additive.

Positive electrode collector 21 preferably by reciprocating type cut that daraf(reciprocal of farad) makes draw in the net grid (the following exp that abbreviates as sometimes), grid 25 that keeps positive electrode active material layer 24, the limit 23 that provides in the marginal portion of grid 25 and the positive pole ear 9 that is connected with top limit 23 are provided for it.

Negative plate 3 comprises negative electrode collector 31 with negative lug 10 and the negative electrode active material layer 34 that is kept by above-mentioned negative electrode collector 31.Fig. 3 (a) is the front view of partly cut-away of the negative plate 3 of lead accumulator of the present utility model, and Fig. 3 (b) is the end view of above-mentioned negative plate 3.Negative electrode collector 31 can be to cut the grid that daraf(reciprocal of farad) or casting are made by reciprocating type, and negative electrode collector 31 comprises the grid 35 that keeps negative electrode active material layer 34, the upper side frame 33 that provides at the upper rim of grid 35 and the negative lug 10 that is connected with upper side frame 33.

Negative electrode active material layer 34 comprises negative electrode active material promptly plumbous (for example being spongy, caesious pure lead), and except negative electrode active material, can also comprise a small amount of swelling agent (for example lignin and barium sulfate), electric conducting material (for example charcoal) and additive.

Negative electrode collector 31 and negative bus-bar 5 can be normally used Pb alloys in the negative plate of lead accumulator, the restriction that has nothing special, but consider from grid intensity aspect, the preferred Pb-Ca alloy that added Ca, Sn etc. and can not make the element that the hydrogen overpotential of Pb descends in fact, Pb-Sn alloy, the Pb-Ca-Sn alloy etc. of using, be more preferably and positive plate 2 employed Pb alloy phases with the Pb alloy.

Dividing plate 4 adopts normally used dividing plate in lead accumulator, can be plastic septum, partition, glass partition and rubber separator, is preferably fiberglass packing or superfine glass fibre partition board (AGM).Dividing plate also can be the bagging dividing plate, promptly makes pouch, and hard-pressed bale is in the outside of positive plate, prevents coming off and extruding of active material.

Positive plate 2 can obtain by following method.

The positive plate that does not change into is the anode diachylon that is mixed by raw material lead powder (mixture of lead and lead oxide), sulfuric acid, water etc. by filling in as the positive plate grid of positive electrode collector, carries out slaking and dry making then.

Above-mentioned positive plate grid is preferably cut the grid that draws in the net that daraf(reciprocal of farad) makes by the lead band by reciprocating type.Concrete technology will be described in detail later.At this moment the main preparation process of positive plate is shown in Fig. 4 (a) and Fig. 4 (b), it comprises: (1) is cut and is drawn operation: use the reciprocating punching mould to be with 27 to carry out punching press to lead repeatedly, when the length direction along plumbous band forms a plurality of slits, this slit is launched along the direction vertical with plumbous belt surface, thereby form the net slice that has by the staggered grid 25 that constitutes of many ruled line; (2) trimming: utilize the pair of rolls of shaping mould that described net slice is carried out shaping, obtain drawing in the net grid; (3) lead plaster filling work procedure: the lead plaster 24a that fills as positive active material to grid 25 at the described length direction that draws in the net grid upper edge grid; (4) severing operation: the grid severing of drawing in the net that will be filled with described lead plaster 24a is the positive plate with positive pole ear 9, promptly obtains the positive plate 2a that does not change into.

Then, change into by the positive plate 2a that will not change into and obtain above-mentioned positive plate 2.Change into and can after using the positive plate do not change into and negative plate to make the pole plate group and be assembled in the housing of lead accumulator, carry out, also can before making the pole plate group, carry out, but preferably the former.

Negative plate 3 can obtain by following method.

The negative plate that does not change into is the cathode lead plaster that mixes by the swelling agent of filling in as the negative plate grid of negative electrode collector by raw material lead powder (lead and lead oxide), sulfuric acid, water and for example lignin and barium sulfate, carries out slaking and dry making then.

Then, change into by the negative plate that will not change into and to obtain above-mentioned negative plate 3, be i.e. the negative plate 3 that keeps negative electrode active material layers 34 to form by negative plate grid 31.Change into and can after using the positive plate do not change into and negative plate to make the pole plate group and be assembled in the housing of lead accumulator, carry out, also can before making the pole plate group, carry out, but preferably the former.

Above-mentioned negative plate grid can be cut daraf(reciprocal of farad) or casting makes by reciprocating type.When by the reciprocating type daraf(reciprocal of farad) of cutting when making above-mentioned negative plate grid, the manufacturing process of processing step that is adopted and above-mentioned positive plate grid is identical, and the manufacturing process of follow-up negative plate is also substantially the same with the manufacturing process of above-mentioned positive plate.

Inventors are by repetition test and research, discovery suits to design to the sectional area of configuration, positive plate lug and the negative plate lug of positive plate and negative plate, the factors such as relativeness of thickness, can be implemented in and also can carry out the high rate discharge under the situation of shallow depth of charge, thereby help realizing the long-life.Specify as follows.

At first, the sectional area of the utility model by making positive pole ear suitably diminishes with respect to the sectional area of negative lug, thereby current collection is lower, in the high rate discharge, avoid the overdischarge of positive electrode active material, thereby when electric weight is low, do not need the too high magnitude of current, prevent that thus positive electrode active material layer from destroying.But, the sectional area that can not make positive pole ear reduces excessively with respect to the sectional area of negative lug, otherwise the chemical reaction that will influence electrode i.e. changing into property, and when the ratio of the sectional area of the lug of positive/negative plate is too small, the internal resistance of cell increases, thereby makes the energy density when high rate discharges reduce, and power output also reduces, temperature fluctuation between the cell increases, so cycle life reduces.Therefore, consider that from taking into account above-mentioned two aspects the ratio of the sectional area of the sectional area of the lug of above-mentioned every positive plate and the lug of above-mentioned every negative plate is suitably more than or equal to 0.6 and less than 1.0, is preferably 0.74～0.93.In addition, the ratio of the sectional area sum of the sectional area sum of the lug of preferred above-mentioned multi-disc positive plate and the lug of above-mentioned multi-disc negative plate is 0.5～0.8, more preferably 0.59～0.78.

From the state of the art, be well known that the sectional area of the lug of positive plate and the lug of negative plate should be identical in order to make positive pole consistent with the conductive characteristic of negative pole, this is because the sectional area and the resistance of conductive materials are proportional.But the utility model has but been obtained unexpected effect by breaking this convention.Specifically, under the situation of prior art, the reaction resistance of positive plate reduces, and the positive electrode active material utilization during the high rate discharge increases, but the deterioration of positive active material is quickened.Relative therewith, in the utility model, the ratio of the sectional area of the lug by setting positive/negative plate as mentioned above, evenly heating between the cell when making the high rate discharge, the temperature fluctuation between the cell is little, thereby has realized the long lifetime of cycle life.

The sectional area of lug is obtained by the width and the long-pending of thickness of lug.Specifically, shown in Fig. 2 (a) and 2 (b), the width of positive pole ear is α mm, and the thickness of positive pole ear is β mm, so the sectional area of positive pole ear (K) is α * β.Shown in Fig. 3 (a) and 3 (b), the width of negative lug is γ mm, and the thickness of negative lug is ε mm, so the sectional area of negative lug (L) is γ * ε.So can come the sectional area of lug is adjusted by width and/or the thickness of adjusting lug.In the utility model, the thickness of the lug of preferred above-mentioned every positive plate is less than the thickness of the lug of above-mentioned every negative plate, and the gross thickness of the lug of more preferably above-mentioned multi-disc positive plate is less than the gross thickness of the lug of above-mentioned multi-disc negative plate.The width that the width of the lug of above-mentioned every positive plate is preferably the lug of 5～8mm, above-mentioned every negative plate is preferably 5～7mm.

Secondly, the utility model is by selecting the structure of the collector body of positive plate and negative plate and processing technology and adjust, thereby anodal current collection is inhibited, and avoids the overdischarge of positive electrode active material in the high rate discharge.Positive electrode collector preferably by the lead band by the reciprocating type grid that draws in the net that daraf(reciprocal of farad) makes, the grid that negative electrode collector is preferably made by casting cut.In the utility model, preferred positive plate is to be the grid that makes by casting by reciprocating type draw in the net grid and the negative plate of cutting that daraf(reciprocal of farad) makes, at this moment since positive pole draw in the net grid and do not have the horizontal edge bone, can not make anodal conductivity excessive, therefore anodal current collection relatively descends, thereby the overdischarge of positive electrode active material when having avoided the high rate discharge, can access the effect of battery long lifetime, and the casting grid of negative plate has the horizontal edge bone, can play the effect that stops negative electrode active material to overflow and expand, and can prevent that the volume of battery is excessive.On the other hand, positive plate and negative plate all be by the reciprocating type situation of grid of drawing in the net of cutting that daraf(reciprocal of farad) makes under, then negative pole draws in the net grid does not have the horizontal edge bone yet, thereby the current collection of negative pole is suppressed, relative therewith, anodal conductivity but relatively improves, and therefore might can't improve effect of the present utility model.

Lead accumulator of the present utility model is by designing above-mentioned two aspects, thereby realized significant technique effect: even under the situation of shallow depth of charge, also can carry out the high rate discharge, in the high rate discharge, avoid the overdischarge of positive electrode active material, thereby can reach the long-life.

Below to being described in detail by the reciprocating type technology and the control procedure of grid of drawing in the net of cutting daraf(reciprocal of farad) preparation by the lead band.

As the lead band of raw material, can adopt this area lead alloy-foil commonly used, for example contain at least a Pb Alloy Foil among Ca and the Sn, with regard to corrosion resistance and mechanical strength, preferably constitute by the Pb-Ca-Sn ternary alloy three-partalloy.When use had the lead band of such alloy composition, the cycle life characteristics of lead accumulator improved easily.

Of the present utility model cut to draw adopted reciprocating punching mould in the operation with a pair of dynamic model and quiet mould.Dynamic model (patrix) has a plurality of continuous blade parts, and these blade parts are along the arrangement that is in the shape of the letter V of the throughput direction (being length direction) of lead band, but on the position corresponding to the central portion of plumbous tape thickness direction blade part is not set.Quiet mould (counterdie) has a plurality of continuous prismatic portions, and the prismatic face of prismatic portion is corresponding to the position at the blade part place of patrix.By the fixing quiet mould of external equipment, and the control dynamic model plumbous band of punching press from top to bottom, when the crest line between the adjacent prismatic of the blade part process portion of dynamic model, lead with on be cut into a plurality of interrupted slits, the front end of blade part continues downward punching press simultaneously, along the prismatic face this slit is launched in the direction perpendicular to plumbous belt surface.The length direction of the plumbous band in one edge is carried plumbous band, Yi Bian carry out above-mentioned punching course repeatedly, thus the lead band is processed into the net slice with a plurality of meshes.In addition, adjust the blade part position on the dynamic model, make the middle body of plumbous bandwidth direction become the blank parts that does not have mesh, this part forms the upper side frame and the lug of grid by processing of cutting described later.

Generally, cut and draw the thickness fluctuation of the net slice after the firm end big, and out-of-shape, therefore, in ensuing trimming, need utilize the pair of rolls of shaping mould that above-mentioned net slice is carried out shaping, obtain drawing in the net grid after the shaping.

In trimming in the past, the general diameter stack big, Heavy Weight that adopts carries out shaping to net slice, since bigger to the net slice applied pressure, so the height that ruling intersection point (hereinafter referred to as node) is located is compressed, the integral thickness attenuation of grid, tortuous degree reduces.Inventors find, if excessive to the net slice applied pressure during shaping, though then the integral thickness of grid can attenuation, intensity becomes big, the node place is subjected to stress and corrosion easily, and there is harmful effect in life-span of battery.Therefore, adopted the little and lightweight a pair of stack of diameter in the utility model,, the node place has been applied less pressure by controlling spacing and the roll-in between this pair of rolls, make the height at node place almost not be compressed, grid still keeps bigger tortuous degree after the shaping.At this moment, owing to almost the node place is not exerted pressure, so the node place can keep high strength, and corrosion resistance is good, and the size distortion of grid is little, and the thickness deviation of grid etc. also can decrease.

Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram that draws in the net grid 7 that expression obtains by said method.Shown in Fig. 5 (a), draw in the net grid 7 and have mesh by the staggered approximate rhombus that constitutes of many ruled line g, each mesh i is surrounded by 4 ruling g, is interconnected by node f between each mesh i.Draw in the net grid 7 at the central portion of Width for not forming the blank parts of mesh. in addition, only schematically shown among Fig. 5 (a) and drawn in the net the part of grid 7.

Plumbous band draws the slit that is cut out in the operation to launch the back to form the ruling g with certain width and thickness cutting, the width of ruling g is corresponding to the gap (be designated hereinafter simply as slit gap) of adjacent slots on plumbous bandwidth direction, and the thickness of ruling g is corresponding to the thickness (being designated hereinafter simply as plumbous tape thickness) as the lead band of raw material.In this specification, term " ruling width ", " ruling thickness " and following " grid thickness " all have the common implication that has in this area, and particularly, shown in the schematic diagram of Fig. 5 (c), the ruling width is W, and ruling thickness is t.Here, though it is pointed out that in Fig. 5 of the present utility model (c), for for simplicity the flat table at ruling place being shown paper, in actual conditions, the plane at ruling g place and paper are to have certain angle of inclination.When the cutting line A-A in Fig. 5 (c) cuts open, shown in Fig. 5 (d), width is that the ruling of W forms tortuous zigzag fashion, two ruling g overlap at node f place, the length of this lap is 2 times of ruling width W, and the thickness of lap (thickness of dash area among the figure) is the ruling thickness t.In addition, grid integral body is the grid thickness T in the maximum height on the thickness direction (being the height of node f on thickness direction), in this specification, defines the grid tortuosity with the ratio T/W of grid thickness T dative line width W.This ratio T/W is big more, shows that the grid tortuosity is big more.

Inventors find, thereby suitably adjust slit gap in the operation and in trimming, suitably adjust the roller spacing and roll-in when controlling grid tortuosity T/W within the specific limits when cutting to draw, in follow-up filling work procedure, fillibility as the lead plaster of active material becomes good, not only can successfully the lead plaster as active material be applied in each mesh of grid, but also lead plaster can be filled to such an extent that be higher than grid surface, in this specification this phenomenon is abbreviated as " cross and fill (over paste) " of lead plaster.Like this, can in anodal grid, hold more active material, obtain high battery capacity.

In the utility model, by the grid tortuosity T/W that suitably adds the haul seine grid compared with the past, can expect and obtain good lead plaster coating, its reason can be thought, pole plate with respect to per unit area, the tortuosity of grid is big more, contact area between grid and the active material is many more, and the active material surface is near more with the distance of grid, thereby not only can improve cementability between active material and the grid, and more approaching with the distance of grid everywhere in the active material layer, the difference of current collection reduces, thereby helps obtaining good high rate flash-over characteristic.

Under normal conditions, do not have the support of outside frame, overflow from the grid edge, must limit the amount of the active material of being filled for fear of active material owing to draw in the net the edge of grid.If the active material layer thickness of coating is thin excessively, then battery capacity is restricted, and the current collection of grid is superfluous relatively, causes the deterioration of active material easily.If but cross heavy back coating active material, and then the superficies of active material are far away excessively apart from grid, and its cementability with grid is not enough, and current collection is inhomogeneous in the active material, comes off easily latter stage discharging, and causes the deterioration of battery cycle life.Thereby the filling rate excessively of needs control lead plaster is in suitable scope.

When the above-mentioned grid tortuosity T/W of control is in OK range, because the lead plaster coating becomes well, therefore can increase the lead plaster coating weight, easily obtain suitable lead plaster and cross filling rate, thus the high-rate discharge property of raising battery.From this viewpoint, grid tortuosity T/W is preferably 1.60～1.80 scope, more preferably 1.64～1.79 scope.When the grid tortuosity was too small, the active material poor adhesion on lead plaster surface just was easy to generate and comes off when carrying out deep discharge repeatedly, caused the cycle life of battery short.If but the grid tortuosity is excessive, then might cause the current collection surplus, the deterioration of active material when having increased the weight of overdischarge on the contrary causes the shortening of battery cycle life.

Grid with above-mentioned tortuosity can use the reciprocating punching mould to produce under the situation of not destroying the grid node.As mentioned above, the characteristics of reciprocating punching technology are that the node of basic checks not match grid compresses, thereby can the bigger net slice of production tortuosity.In addition, owing in follow-up trimming, adopted the little shaping mould of exerting pressure to grid node place, therefore obtain after the shaping to draw in the net the tortuosity of grid bigger, and the node place is not under pressure substantially, can keep high strength, not perishable, this also is the major reason that battery life prolongs.

In the utility model, the size of grid tortuosity T/W is by grid thickness T and two factor decisions of ruling width W, and the grid thickness T mainly with net slice before calendering thickness and trimming in net slice the calendering before and after thickness than relevant, the thickness of net slice depends on factors such as width of mesh and ruling width.Therefore, can be by suitably controlling process conditions in operation and the trimming and obtain desirable grid tortuosity cutting to draw.For example, can draw in the operation downward stroke size or the slit length of dynamic model of suitably adjusting the reciprocating punching mould to control formed width of mesh cutting, perhaps adjust distance between the blade part of the spacing of prismatic face of quiet mould and dynamic model adjust lead with on slit gap.In addition, can in trimming, adjust the roller spacing of a pair of stack that net slice is rolled, the pressing force of roller etc., control the thickness ratio of net slice before and after calendering thus.

Wish to obtain bigger grid tortuosity in the utility model, therefore need in the operation also to set slit gap bigger cutting to draw.But according to the difference of employed plumbous tape thickness (being ruling thickness), also there is certain preferable range in slit gap (being the ruling width).Specifically, with respect to certain plumbous tape thickness, if slit gap excessive (the ruling width is wide), the grid thickness of then making is blocked up, overall weight becomes big, is difficult for realizing the high capacity of battery.If slit gap too small (the ruling width is meticulous) then easily because of corrosion causes fracture, causes the decline of battery high rate life characteristic.

With above-mentioned obtain draw in the net grid as the positive plate grid, then it is carried out the lead plaster filling work procedure.Fill lead plaster drawing in the net the length direction of grid upper edge grid as positive active material.The thickness P of the pole plate of gained is meant and comprises the gross thickness of lead plaster at interior pole plate, shown in Fig. 5 (b), is the difference in height of upper and lower surface on thickness direction that is filled in the lead plaster in the grid.The coating weight of lead plaster is big more, and then the thickness P of pole plate is big more.

And then shown in Fig. 5 (e), the ratio of employing electrode thickness P and grid thickness T defines the filling rate of crossing of lead plaster in this specification.Inventors' starting point is at first to make the grid with suitable tortuosity, and then fills lead plaster with certain filling rate of crossing on grid, thereby reaches good high rate discharge cycles characteristic.Therefore, inventors study the filling rate excessively of lead plaster and the relation between the high rate discharge cycles characteristic, found that, when the mistake filling rate P/T of lead plaster is particular range, can obtain good high rate flash-over characteristic.From obtaining the viewpoint of good high rate flash-over characteristic, above-mentioned ratio P/T is preferably 1.14～1.30 scope, more preferably 1.16～1.26 scope.

Inventors also find, for the effect of improving high-rate discharge property, the filling rate of crossing of control grid tortuosity and lead plaster all is effectively, but the tortuosity T/W that at first will guarantee grid is within preferable range.Even the filling rate P/T excessively of lead plaster is 1.14～1.30, if but the tortuosity T/W of grid is that then the cycle life characteristics of battery is still insufficient outside 1.60～1.80 in preferable range.

Its reason is presumed as follows: to satisfy tortuosity T/W be 1.60～1.80 if positive pole draws in the net grid, then lead plaster crosses fillingization easily, and the positive plate grid suitably descends to the current collection of lead plaster, and consequently lead plaster does not produce deterioration when high rate discharges, and battery life is long.If the grid tortuosity ratio is not in above-mentioned scope, even lead plaster was in occupied state, but the not enough or superfluous possibility of, current collection insufficient with the cementability of grid is bigger, thus the effect of the high rate flash-over characteristic that can not improve.

Lead accumulator 1 shown in Figure 1 can be assembled by following method.

Above-mentioned positive plate 2 of N sheet and the above-mentioned negative plate 3 of N+1 sheet is alternately overlapping across dividing plate 4 respectively, thus pole plate group 11 obtained.Subsequently, the positive pole ear 9 of same polarity in the single pole plate group 11 is used metallic plates such as plumbous, aluminium or copper material carry out melting welding or cast welding and weld together and obtain positive bus 6, the negative lug 10 of same polarity in the single pole plate group 11 is used metallic plates such as plumbous, aluminium or copper material carry out melting welding or cast welding and welded together and obtain negative bus-bar 5.Each pole plate group 11 is accommodated in respectively in a plurality of cells chamber 14 that is separated by spaced walls 13 in the battery container 19.As shown in Figure 6, by with the negative bus-bar 5 of a pole plate group 11 and with the positive bus 6 of the pole plate group 11 of adjacent monomer battery by plumbous, metallic plate such as aluminium or copper material 8 does not adopt pole and directly welding, the negative bus-bar 5 of the pole plate group 11 of described then adjacent monomer battery again with the positive bus 6 of the pole plate group 11 of next adjacent monomer battery by plumbous, metallic plate such as aluminium or copper material 8 directly welds, series connection is gone down so successively, just each pole plate group is connected in series, just a plurality of cells are together in series, the positive bus at final two ends and negative bus-bar become positive terminal and negative pole end respectively.Described positive terminal is connected with positive terminal 16, and described negative pole end is connected with negative terminal 17.Wherein,, usually positive terminal is denoted as redness, negative pole end is denoted as green, also positive bus 6 can be painted redness, negative bus-bar 5 is painted green for the ease of distinguishing both positive and negative polarity.

Then, battery cover 15 is installed on the opening of battery container 19.Subsequently, liquid inlet set from battery cover 15 is poured electrolyte into to each cell, changes in housing 19 then, and electrolyte is generally the sulfuric acid that concentration is 1.1～1.4g/ml, also can contain additives such as silicon dioxide.After changing into, will have the valve 18 that is used for the gas and the pressure of inside battery generation are discharged and be fixed in the liquid inlet, thereby obtain lead accumulator 1.In general,, positive terminal 16 is denoted as redness, negative terminal 17 is denoted as green for the ease of distinguishing both positive and negative polarity.

By each inscape in the above-mentioned lead accumulator 1 being selected and being made up, the utility model is implemented, obtained following execution mode.

(execution mode 1)

The lead accumulator 1 of execution mode 1 has a plurality of cells 12, each cell 12 has pole plate group 11, electrolyte (not shown come out) and cell chamber 14, above-mentioned pole plate group 11 is accommodated in the above-mentioned cell chamber 14 with the state that impregnated in electrolyte, above-mentioned pole plate group 11 is alternately to be arranged across dividing plate 4 by multi-disc positive plate 2 and multi-disc negative plate 3 to form, every positive plate comprises positive electrode collector with lug and the positive electrode active material layer that is kept by this positive electrode collector, every negative plate comprises negative electrode collector with lug and the negative electrode active material layer that is kept by above-mentioned negative electrode collector, it is characterized in that, the positive bus of the positive plate of each cell, the negative bus-bar of negative plate respectively with negative bus-bar with the adjacent cell negative plate separately of this cell, the positive bus of positive plate adopts no pole directly to weld, thus above-mentioned a plurality of cells are together in series, and the ratio of the sectional area of the lug of the sectional area of the lug of above-mentioned every positive plate and above-mentioned every negative plate is more than or equal to 0.6 and less than 1.0.Preferably, the ratio of the sectional area sum of the lug of the sectional area sum of the lug of above-mentioned multi-disc positive plate and above-mentioned multi-disc negative plate is 0.5～0.8.The ratio of the sectional area of the sectional area of the lug of above-mentioned every positive plate and the lug of above-mentioned every negative plate is preferably 0.74～0.93, and the ratio of the sectional area sum of the sectional area sum of the lug of above-mentioned multi-disc positive plate and the lug of above-mentioned multi-disc negative plate is preferably 0.59～0.78.The sheet number of above-mentioned multi-disc positive plate is more than 3, and the sheet number of above-mentioned multi-disc negative plate is more than 4, and the sheet number of preferred above-mentioned multi-disc positive plate is 4～9, and the sheet number of above-mentioned multi-disc negative plate is 5～10.

According to the final technique effect that will reach, other inscape can be chosen aptly from preceding detailed description and get final product.

(execution mode 2)

The lead accumulator 1 of execution mode 2 is on the basis of the lead accumulator 1 of execution mode 1, further the thickness of the lug of the above-mentioned every positive plate of setting is less than the thickness of the lug of above-mentioned negative plate, the gross thickness of the lug of perhaps above-mentioned multi-disc positive plate is less than the gross thickness of the lug of above-mentioned multi-disc negative plate, wherein the thickness of the lug of above-mentioned every positive plate is 1.0～2.0mm, is preferably 1.2～1.8mm; The thickness of the lug of above-mentioned every negative plate is 1.2～2.5mm, is preferably 1.3～2.0mm.

According to the final technique effect that will reach, other inscape can be chosen aptly from preceding detailed description and get final product.

(execution mode 3)

The lead accumulator 1 of execution mode 3 is on the basis of the lead accumulator 1 of execution mode 1, further set above-mentioned positive electrode collector and be by reciprocating type and cut the grid that draws in the net that daraf(reciprocal of farad) makes, the tortuosity T/W that makes this grid is 1.60～1.80 scope, and above-mentioned negative electrode collector is the grid of being made by casting.In addition, the ratio P/T that preferably makes the above-mentioned lead plaster that draws in the net on the grid of expression cross filling rate is 1.14～1.30 scope.

According to the final technique effect that will reach, other inscape can be chosen aptly from preceding detailed description and get final product.

(execution mode 4)

The lead accumulator 1 of execution mode 4 is on the basis of the lead accumulator 1 of execution mode 2, further set above-mentioned positive electrode collector and be by reciprocating type and cut the grid that draws in the net that daraf(reciprocal of farad) makes, the tortuosity T/W that makes this grid is 1.60～1.80 scope, and above-mentioned negative electrode collector is the grid of being made by casting.In addition, the ratio P/T that preferably makes the above-mentioned lead plaster that draws in the net on the grid of expression cross filling rate is 1.14～1.30 scope.

According to the final technique effect that will reach, other inscape can be chosen aptly from preceding detailed description and get final product.

Below, based on embodiment the utility model is specifically described, but these embodiment just are illustrations of the present utility model that the utility model is not limited to these embodiment.

(embodiment 1)

(1) manufacturing of positive plate

With about 100: 15: 10 weight ratio raw material lead powder (mixture of lead and lead oxide), water and dilute sulfuric acid are mediated, thereby acquisition is as the anode diachylon of positive active material.

On the other hand, will be squeezed into 1.3 millimeters thick by the lead band that comprises the Pb alloy that contains have an appointment 0.07 quality %Ca and about 1.3 quality %Sn that obtains by casting.Shown in Fig. 4 (a) and Fig. 4 (b), at first, cut and draw operation, use the reciprocating punching mould to be with 27 to carry out punching press to lead repeatedly, when the length direction along plumbous band forms a plurality of slits, this slit is launched along the direction vertical with plumbous belt surface, thereby form the net slice that has by the staggered grid 25 that constitutes of many ruled line.Then, utilize the pair of rolls of shaping mould that described net slice is carried out shaping, obtain drawing in the net grid.Then, fill the lead plaster 24a of positive active material to grid 25 at the described length direction that draws in the net grid upper edge grid.Then, be positive plate with the grid severing of drawing in the net that is filled with described lead plaster 24a with positive pole ear 9, the positive plate that severing like this is formed carries out slaking and dry, thus the positive plate 2a that acquisition does not change into.By the above-mentioned positive plate 2a that does not change into is changed into, just can obtain to keep the positive plate 2 of positive electrode active material layer 24 by positive plate grid 21.Above-mentioned changing into can be carried out before being assembled into the pole plate group, also can carry out after being assembled into the pole plate group and being assembled in the housing of lead accumulator.

Wherein, the parameter of each inscape of positive plate is referring to the value shown in the aftermentioned table 1.

(2) manufacturing of negative plate

With about 100: 5: 10 weight ratios raw material lead powder, water, dilute sulfuric acid are mediated, thereby acquisition is as the cathode lead plaster of negative electrode active material.Make negative plate grid with the Pb alloy raw material that contains have an appointment 0.07 quality %Ca and about 0.25 quality %Sn by casting as negative electrode collector.With the grid of above-mentioned cathode lead plaster filling negative plate, thus the negative plate that acquisition does not change into.By the negative plate that does not change into is changed into, just can obtain to keep the negative plate 3 of negative electrode active material layer 34 by negative plate grid 31.Above-mentioned changing into can be carried out before being assembled into the pole plate group, also can carry out after being assembled into the pole plate group and being assembled in the housing of lead accumulator.

Wherein, the parameter of each inscape of negative plate is referring to the value shown in the aftermentioned table 1.

(3) manufacturing of lead accumulator

Make lead accumulator 1 shown in Figure 1 by following method.

Negative plate 3 and 4 above-mentioned positive plates 2 of 5 above-mentioned acquisitions are alternately overlapping across dividing plate 4 respectively, thus pole plate group 11 obtained.Subsequently, respectively that the negative lug 10 of the positive pole ear 9 of same polarity in the single pole plate group 11 and same polarity is welded together, obtain positive bus 6 and negative bus-bar 5.Each pole plate group 11 is accommodated in respectively in 6 cell chambers 14 that separated by spaced walls 13 in the battery container 19.Do not adopt pole and directly welding by positive bus 6 with the negative bus-bar 5 of a pole plate group 11 and adjacent pole plate group 11, thereby two adjacent pole plate groups are connected in series, successively each pole plate group 11 is connected in series thus, just each cell is together in series.

In above-mentioned 6 the pole plate groups that are connected in series, the positive bus 6 of a pole plate group that is arranged in two pole plate groups at final two ends is connected with positive terminal 16, and the negative bus-bar 5 of another pole plate group is connected with negative terminal 17.Then, battery cover 15 is installed on the opening of battery container 19.Subsequently, from battery cover 15 set liquid inlet to each cell, pour into concentration be the sulfuric acid of 1.242g/ml as electrolyte, and in battery container, change into.After changing into, will have the valve 18 that is used for the gas and the pressure of inside battery generation are discharged and be fixed in the liquid inlet, thereby obtain lead accumulator 1.

(4) performance of lead accumulator is estimated

The lead accumulator 1 of above-mentioned gained is carried out high rate discharge life characteristic and the battery volume is measured.

The assay method of high rate discharge life characteristic is as follows.

Battery specification: 12V, 20Ah

Charge condition: the charging of 14.7V constant voltage, charged at most 16 hours

Discharging condition: 30A (1.5C) constant current discharge is reduced to 9.6V until voltage

Carry out the test of above-mentioned charge and discharge cycles repeatedly, when the discharge capacity of battery be reduced to the 1st circulation discharge capacity 80% the time finish test, calculate the period of the charge and discharge cycles of being carried out, estimate high rate discharge life characteristic according to this period.

The metewand of high rate discharge life characteristic is as follows.

◎: period is more than 500

Zero: period is more than or equal to 300 and less than 500

△: period is more than or equal to 200 and less than 300

*: period is lower than 200

* *: period is below 150.

The battery volume can represent that by the height of the pole plate group after bus-bar is welded to connect the height of pole plate group is high more simply, and then being assembled into final lead accumulator volume afterwards will be big more.Compare when making the bus-bar of opposed polarity of adjacent monomer battery directly weld when adopting pole to weld the bus-bar of opposed polarity of adjacent monomer battery indirectly with not adopting pole; according to the battery size of actual fabrication, the height of pole plate group can increase the scope of about 10mm-60mm usually.Therefore, in the utility model, only simply the evaluation criterion of battery volume is expressed as.

Zero: do not adopt pole, pole plate group height is lower.

*: adopted pole, pole plate group height is higher.

(embodiment 2)

Except the sectional area sum of the sectional area that changes this monolithic positive pole ear and each positive pole ear, other all makes lead accumulator 1 according to setting and the process identical with embodiment 1.

(embodiment 3)

Except the sectional area sum of the sectional area that changes this monolithic positive pole ear and each positive pole ear, other all makes lead accumulator 1 according to setting and the process identical with embodiment 1.

(embodiment 4)

Except the sectional area sum of the sectional area that changes this monolithic positive pole ear and each positive pole ear, other all makes lead accumulator 1 according to setting and the process identical with embodiment 1.

(embodiment 5)

Change to 7 except the sheet number with the positive plate in the single cell changes to 6, the sheet number of negative plate, change the sectional area sum of the sectional area sum of sectional area, each positive pole ear of this monolithic positive pole ear and each negative lug, other all makes lead accumulator 1 according to setting and the process identical with embodiment 1.

(embodiment 6)

Change to 10 except the sheet number with the positive plate in the single cell changes to 9, the sheet number of negative plate, change the sectional area sum of the sectional area sum of sectional area, each positive pole ear of this monolithic positive pole ear and each negative lug, other all makes lead accumulator 1 according to setting and the process identical with embodiment 1.

(embodiment 7)

Also adopt the reciprocating type daraf(reciprocal of farad) of cutting to draw in the net to make negative plate grid 31, obtain to keep the negative plate 3 of negative electrode active material layer 34 thus by negative plate grid 31, the parameter of each inscape of negative plate is referring to the value shown in the aftermentioned table 1, and other process makes lead accumulator 1 according to the mode identical with embodiment 1.

(embodiment 8)

In the making of positive plate, control the roller spacing and the roll-in of a pair of stack, make that the grid tortuosity T/W of positive plate is 1.64, lead plaster to cross filling rate P/T be 1.26, the parameter of other inscape of positive plate is referring to the value shown in the aftermentioned table 1.In addition, make positive plate in the same manner, and made negative plate and lead accumulator according to the method identical with embodiment 1 with embodiment 1.

(embodiment 9)

In the making of positive plate, control the roller spacing and the roll-in of a pair of stack, make that the grid tortuosity T/W of positive plate is 1.71, lead plaster to cross filling rate P/T be 1.21, the parameter of other inscape of positive plate is referring to the value shown in the aftermentioned table 1.In addition, make positive plate in the same manner, and made negative plate and lead accumulator according to the method identical with embodiment 1 with embodiment 1.

(embodiment 10)

In the making of positive plate, control the roller spacing and the roll-in of a pair of stack, make that the grid tortuosity T/W of positive plate is 1.79, lead plaster to cross filling rate P/T be 1.16, the parameter of other inscape of positive plate is referring to the value shown in the aftermentioned table 1.In addition, make positive plate in the same manner, and made negative plate and lead accumulator according to the method identical with embodiment 1 with embodiment 1.

(comparative example 1)

Comparative example 1 is the comparative example with respect to embodiment 1～6, the difference of itself and embodiment 1～6 is: (1) makes the width of lug of every positive plate increase to 9mm, thereby make the sectional area sum of lug of each positive plate increase, the ratio of the sectional area of the sectional area of the lug of every positive plate of result and the lug of every negative plate is 1.11, and the ratio of the sectional area sum of the sectional area sum of the lug of each positive plate and the lug of each negative plate is 0.89; (2) positive bus of pole plate group is connected to Positive Poles, negative bus-bar is connected to the negative pole pole, the negative pole pole of each cell and the Positive Poles of adjacent monomer battery is connected in series, thereby realizes being connected in series of adjacent monomer battery.In other words, the positive bus of the positive plate of each cell, the negative bus-bar of negative plate are welded to connect by adopting pole respectively with the negative bus-bar of the adjacent cell negative plate separately of this cell, the positive bus of positive plate, thereby realize being connected in series of adjacent monomer battery, be the indirect connected mode of the employing pole of prior art, thus above-mentioned a plurality of cells be together in series.

(comparative example 2)

Comparative example 2 is the comparative examples with respect to embodiment 1～6, the difference of itself and embodiment 1～6 is: make the width of lug of every positive plate increase to 9mm, thereby make the sectional area sum of lug of each positive plate increase, the ratio of the sectional area of the sectional area of the lug of every positive plate of result and the lug of every negative plate is 1.11, and the ratio of the sectional area sum of the sectional area sum of the lug of each positive plate and the lug of each negative plate is 0.89.

(comparative example 3)

Comparative example 3 is the comparative examples with respect to embodiment 1～6, the difference of itself and embodiment 1～6 is: make the width of lug of every positive plate be reduced to 4.5mm, thereby make the sectional area sum of lug of each positive plate reduce, the ratio of the sectional area of the sectional area of the lug of every positive plate of result and the lug of every negative plate is 0.56, and the ratio of the sectional area sum of the sectional area sum of the lug of each positive plate and the lug of each negative plate is 0.45.

(comparative example 4)

Comparative example 4 is the comparative examples with respect to embodiment 8～10, the main distinction of itself and embodiment 8～10 is: the positive bus of the positive plate of each cell, the negative bus-bar of negative plate are welded to connect by adopting pole respectively with the negative bus-bar of the adjacent cell negative plate separately of this cell, the positive bus of positive plate, be the indirect connected mode of the employing pole of prior art, thus above-mentioned a plurality of cells be together in series.

The creating conditions of the positive pole of each embodiment and each comparative example and negative pole, various structural element are illustrated in following table 1 with the evaluation result of transitivity.

As shown in table 1, among the embodiment 1～4, the positive plate grid adopts by reciprocating type and cuts the grid that draws in the net that daraf(reciprocal of farad) makes, the negative plate grid adopts the grid of being made by casting, and make the ratio of sectional area of lug of the sectional area of lug of every positive plate and every negative plate more than or equal to 0.6 and less than 1.0, the ratio of the sectional area sum of the sectional area sum of the lug of multi-disc positive plate and the lug of multi-disc negative plate is 0.5～0.8, bus-bar with the opposed polarity of adjacent monomer battery does not adopt pole and directly welding on this basis, high rate discharge life characteristic is good as a result, and has got rid of when adopting pole to connect cell the influence that current collection and battery volume are caused.Relative therewith, in the comparative example 1 and 2, the ratio of the sectional area of the sectional area of the lug of every positive plate and the lug of every negative plate surpasses 1.0, the ratio of the sectional area sum of the sectional area sum of the lug of each positive plate and the lug of each negative plate surpasses 0.8, as a result high rate discharge life characteristic variation.And, in comparative example 1, adopted the indirect connected mode with pole of prior art, consequently, because pole has caused influence to current collection, thus the remarkable deterioration of high rate discharge life characteristic, and the battery volume becomes excessive.In the comparative example 3, the ratio of the sectional area of the sectional area of the lug of every positive plate and the lug of every negative plate is lower than 0.6, the ratio of the sectional area sum of the sectional area sum of the lug of each positive plate and the lug of each negative plate is lower than 0.5, as a result also variation of high rate discharge life characteristic.

Embodiment 5 and 6 makes the positive plate in the single cell and the sheet number of negative plate change on the basis of embodiment 1～4, found that still to access high rate discharge life characteristic good, the lead accumulator that the battery volume is little.

Among the embodiment 7, positive plate grid and negative plate grid all adopt by reciprocating type and cut the grid that draws in the net that daraf(reciprocal of farad) makes, but with only have the positive plate grid to adopt to compare by the reciprocating type embodiment 2,3,5,6 of grid of drawing in the net that cuts that daraf(reciprocal of farad) makes, the substantive improvement do not take place in high rate discharge life characteristic.Its reason as previously mentioned, under positive plate and negative plate all adopt by the reciprocating type situation of grid of drawing in the net of cutting that daraf(reciprocal of farad) makes, then negative pole draws in the net grid does not have the horizontal edge bone yet, thereby the current collection of negative pole is suppressed, relative therewith, anodal conductivity but relatively improves, and therefore might can't improve effect of the present utility model.

Embodiment 8,9 and 10 be on the basis of embodiment 1～6 by reciprocating type cut grid tortuosity T/W that daraf(reciprocal of farad) makes control positive plate in the process of positive plate, lead plaster cross filling rate P/T in suitable scope, the result has reduced the stress to the mesh of grid in the course of processing, and suitably reduced current collection, positive electrode active material does not produce overdischarge when high rate discharges, and be difficult for stress corrosion takes place, thereby high rate discharge life characteristic is increased substantially.

Relative therewith, comparative example 4 and the main distinction of embodiment 9 are to adopt the indirect connected mode with pole of prior art, high rate discharge life characteristic variation as a result, and the battery volume becomes excessive.

In sum, in the utility model, in order under the situation of shallow depth of charge (SOC), to carry out the high rate discharge, reach the long-life simultaneously, therefore must avoid the overdischarge of positive electrode active material, the technological means that is adopted is respectively following two kinds: 1. make the sectional area of positive pole ear suitably diminish, current collection is lower, in the high rate discharge, avoid the overdischarge of positive electrode active material, the directly welding to not adopting pole between the bus-bar of cell on this basis, make that the connection status between the cell is stable, the current collection fluctuation between the cell is minimum, thereby reaches long lifetime.2. on above-mentioned 1. basis, make by the reciprocating type grid tortuosity T/W that cuts the positive plate that daraf(reciprocal of farad) makes, ratio P/T that lead plaster is crossed filling rate in suitable scope, wherein, use the reciprocating type intersection point of cutting the basic checks not match line of daraf(reciprocal of farad) to exert pressure, can produce the bigger positive plate grid of tortuosity ratio, and not have intersection point substantially, therefore not be under pressure through exerting pressure, so not perishable, high rate flash-over characteristic and long-life characteristics are better as a result.Wherein, preferred grid tortuosity T/W is 1.60～1.80 scope, and the ratio P/T that lead plaster is crossed filling rate is 1.14～1.30.And, in two kinds of above-mentioned technological means, also can obtain same effect even the sheet number of pole plate increases (just/negative=6/7 or 9/10), even and the kind of negative plate grid change (cutting the grid that draws in the net grid or make that daraf(reciprocal of farad) is made) and also can obtain same effect by casting by reciprocating type.

Industrial applicibility

Even lead accumulator of the present utility model also can carry out high rate discharging in the situation of shallow depth of charge, and can reach the long-life, the described electrical source of power that is applicable to electric automobile, electric bicycle, battery-operated motor cycle, Segway Human Transporter, Moped Scooter etc.

Claims (15)

1. lead accumulator, it has a plurality of cells, described cell has the pole plate group, electrolyte and cell chamber, described pole plate group is accommodated in the described cell chamber with the state that impregnated in electrolyte, described pole plate group is alternately to be arranged across dividing plate by multi-disc positive plate and multi-disc negative plate to form, every positive plate comprises positive electrode collector with lug and the positive electrode active material layer that is kept by this positive electrode collector, every negative plate comprises negative electrode collector with lug and the negative electrode active material layer that is kept by described negative electrode collector, it is characterized in that, the positive bus of the positive plate of described cell, the negative bus-bar of negative plate respectively with negative bus-bar with the adjacent cell negative plate separately of this cell, the positive bus of positive plate adopts no pole directly to weld, described a plurality of cells are together in series, and the ratio of the sectional area of the lug of the sectional area of the lug of described every positive plate and described every negative plate is more than or equal to 0.6 and less than 1.0.

2. lead accumulator according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the ratio of the sectional area sum of the sectional area sum of the lug of described multi-disc positive plate and the lug of described multi-disc negative plate is 0.5～0.8.

3. lead accumulator according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the ratio of the sectional area of the sectional area of the lug of described every positive plate and the lug of described every negative plate is 0.74～0.93.

4. lead accumulator according to claim 2 is characterized in that, the ratio of the sectional area sum of the sectional area sum of the lug of described multi-disc positive plate and the lug of described multi-disc negative plate is 0.59～0.78.

5. according to each described lead accumulator of claim 1～4, it is characterized in that the sheet number of described multi-disc positive plate is more than 3, the sheet number of described multi-disc negative plate is more than 4.

6. lead accumulator according to claim 5 is characterized in that, the sheet number of described multi-disc positive plate is 4～9, and the sheet number of described multi-disc negative plate is 5～10.

7. according to each described lead accumulator of claim 1～4, it is characterized in that the thickness of the lug of described every positive plate is less than the thickness of the lug of described every negative plate.

8. according to each described lead accumulator of claim 1～4, it is characterized in that the gross thickness of the lug of described multi-disc positive plate is less than the gross thickness of the lug of described multi-disc negative plate.

9. according to each described lead accumulator of claim 1～4, it is characterized in that the width 5～7mm of the lug of the width 5～8mm of the lug of described every positive plate, described every negative plate.

10. according to each described lead accumulator of claim 1～4, it is characterized in that described lead accumulator has 2 the above cells.

11. lead accumulator according to claim 10 is characterized in that, described lead accumulator has 4～8 described cells.

12., it is characterized in that described positive electrode collector is to cut the grid that draws in the net that daraf(reciprocal of farad) makes by reciprocating type according to each described lead accumulator of claim 1～4.

13. lead accumulator according to claim 12, it is characterized in that, described grid has by the staggered mesh that constitutes of many ruled line, and when the width of setting described ruling is the thickness of W, described grid when being T, the ratio T/W that represents the tortuosity of described grid is 1.60～1.80 scope.

14. lead accumulator according to claim 12, it is characterized in that, be filled on the described grid as positive electrode collector as the lead plaster of positive active material, the thickness that is filled with the positive plate of described lead plaster when setting is the thickness of P, described grid when being T, and the ratio P/T that the expression lead plaster is crossed filling rate is 1.14～1.30.

15., it is characterized in that described negative electrode collector is the grid of being made by casting according to each described lead accumulator of claim 1～4.

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