CN202001232U - Composite-energy solar high-temperature thermal power generation device - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a composite-energy solar high-temperature thermal power generation device, which sequentially comprises a deaerator, a feed pump, a steam pocket, a heat absorber, a heat accumulator, an auxiliary heating furnace, a steam turbine, a generator, a condenser, a condensate pump and pipelines communicated mutually. The auxiliary heating furnace is sequentially provided with a burner, a superheater, an air preheater and a water feeding preheater. The thermal generation device separates the preheating and evaporating process of water and the superheating process of steam, greatly saves the consumption of conventional energy resources by smartly utilizing solar energy, and has the outstanding characteristics of system simplicity, good safety, low generating cost, and the like.

Description

Compound energy solar energy high temperature thermal electric generator

Technical field

The utility model relates to power generation system, relates in particular to a kind of compound energy solar energy high temperature heat generating system, belongs to technical field of solar utilization technique.

Background technique

The hot generation technology of solar energy high temperature is the important directions that the solar energy scale is utilized, and problems such as fossil energy crisis, atmospheric pollution that the mankind are solved have profound significance.The generating of solar energy high temperature heat has the multiple technologies direction: according to the difference of the type of focusing, can be divided into dish formula, slot type, tower three kinds of modes; The working medium that adopts has water (water vapor), fused salt, air, conduction oil, liquid metal, other organic substance etc.With water (water vapor) is the solar heat power generation system of heat absorption working medium, have plurality of advantages such as medium is common, with low cost, control is simple, but also there are some problem demanding prompt solutions in this system: because therefore low, the heat exchange weak effect of the coefficient of heat transfer of superheated vapor is difficult to the steam parameter that reaches desirable on limited heat absorption area; If improve the degree of superheat by the area that increases superheated vapor on the heat absorber, this not only can increase the manufacture cost of heat absorber, also can increase the radiation and the heat loss through convection loss of heat absorber; Simultaneously because the thermal capacitance of steam is little, temperature conductivity is poor, also can have influence on the Security of heat absorber: for the solar heat power generation system of tower type focusing, focus on multiple and can reach 500～1000 times usually, the localized heat load reaches 1000kW/m ², so high density of heat flow rate is a serious test to the heating surface of superheat region; Especially have under the weather conditions of cloud in the part, when steam output is changed by the influence of cloud amount fast, easier overtemperature, the booster that causes superheat region, thus threaten the safety of whole system.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of this utility model is: with water (water vapor) is working medium, the energy composite energy solar energy high temperature thermal electric generator that provide a kind of transformation efficiency height, constitute simple, security of operation, cost of electricity-generating is cheap.

Technical solution of the present utility model is:

The pre-thermal evaporation process of water is carried out ingenious the separation with the superheating process of water vapor: allow the pre-thermal evaporation process of water in solar heat absorber, finish, finish and the superheating process of steam is placed in the auxiliary oven.

A kind of energy composite energy solar energy high temperature heat generating system comprises oxygen-eliminating device, feed water pump, drum, heat absorber, thermal accumulator, auxiliary oven, steam turbine, generator, vapour condenser, condensate pump and pipeline thereof in order; Auxiliary oven has comprised burner, superheater, air preheater, feed water preheater;

The superheat section of steam then has auxiliary oven to finish, this is by the decision of the thermophysical property of superheated vapor: if directly arrange superheater surface on solar heat absorber, density is low, specific heat capacity is little, the characteristics of heat-exchange performance difference because steam has, therefore the superheated vapor parameter to be met the requirements of, just more heating surface must be arranged; This not only makes the Manufacturing material of heat absorber increase, and also can cause the radiation loss of heat absorber to increase.When the intensity of solar radiation rapid change, steam output can produce quick variation, and this causes the deficiency of flow in the superheater surface easily, thereby causes safety issues such as overtemperature, booster.The superheating process of steam is finished in auxiliary oven, just can be addressed the above problem.Saturated vapour absorbs heat in the superheater of auxiliary oven, become superheated vapor, enters the process that steam turbine is finished the acting of expanding.

In energy composite energy solar energy high temperature heat generating system, the effect of oxygen-eliminating device is to remove dissolved oxygen in the condensate system by steam heating, and this helps to prevent the oxygen corrosion of pipeline and heating surface.The thermal source of oxygen-eliminating device can be from the drawing gas of steam turbine, also can be from drum or other auxiliary vapour source at heat absorber top.Water after the deoxygenation enters the drum at heat absorber top respectively behind feed water pump; In heat absorber, behind the energy absorption, become saturated vapour; Be introduced into thermal accumulator then.During normal the operation, the thermal accumulator bottom is the saturation water of certain design capacity, top is saturated vapour, it has very important significance to the stable operation of system: can be when the intensity of solar radiation rapid change, weaken the fluctuating range of superheated vapor amount, thereby make auxiliary oven and turbine work more stable.In auxiliary oven, saturated vapour is heated into superheated vapor, is sent to steam turbine then.Steam is finished expansion acting process in steam turbine, and drives the generator acting; The steam of discharging from steam turbine is cooled, condenses into water in vapour condenser; Through condensate pump boost and preheating after enter oxygen-eliminating device; Finish the carbonated drink cyclic process of whole system.

Auxiliary oven has mainly comprised basic components such as burner, superheater, simultaneously in order to make full use of the flue gas heat in the auxiliary oven, also be furnished with heating surfaces such as air preheater, feed water preheater, so just can improve the energy utilization efficiency of auxiliary oven greatly at its flue afterbody.

Principle of the present utility model: at Yi Shui (water vapor) is in the thermal power generation process of working medium, and water will pass through preheating, evaporation, overheated three processes usually and change superheated vapor into.In above-mentioned three processes, the heat that steam superheating needs only accounts for 15～25% of total caloric receptivity usually, and the heat that pre-thermal evaporation process absorbs accounts for more than 75% of total caloric receptivity usually.Finish if directly the superheating process of steam is placed on the heat absorber, (in the tower type thermal generation system, local heat flux density is near 1000kW/m usually because the heat absorber surface heat flux is big ²), then may there be several problems of following aspect in system:

Superheated vapor has that thermal capacitance is low, density is little, the poor many characteristics such as (than the coefficient of heat transfer of fused salt little two magnitudes usually) of heat-exchange performance, therefore just be difficult to produce the superheated vapor of high parameter on limited heating surface, this will certainly have influence on the generating efficiency of system; If improve steam parameter by the area that increases heat absorber, will bring accessory problems such as the increase of heat absorber area, cost increase, heat waste height;

In addition, solar heat power generation system is subjected to the influence of factors such as weather very obvious, and parameters such as intensity of solar radiation, wind speed, ambient temperature all can have influence on the safety and the performance of system.Especially sky cloud amount factor is more rapid to the influence of solar heat power generation system.When mirror field top because the variation of local cloud amount can cause the quick change of steam output the time, may cause the overtemperature and the damage of superheating surface on the heat absorber thus.

The utility model is designed compound energy solar energy high temperature heat generating system according to the heating power result calculated, and the pre-thermal evaporation process of working medium is carried out ingenious the separation with the superheating process of steam.Finish the pre-thermal evaporation process of water in solar heat absorber, this part energy accounts for about 80% of whole caloric receptivities usually; And in auxiliary oven, finish the superheating process of steam.The system in combination of this novelty is based on the thermophysical property of water and steam, and the utilization of the utilization of solar energy with a small amount of fossil energy combined.

This system has following distinguishing feature:

(1) the utility model is a working medium with water, water vapor, and this technology has good reliability in field of solar energy utilization, controls advantages such as simple, simultaneously in conjunction with the characteristics of superheated vapor, uses auxiliary oven to produce superheated vapor.

(2) heat that solar energy provides in the utility model system accounts for 75～85% of whole caloric receptivities, and the energy that fossil fuel provides only accounts for 15～25%, and the new energy characteristic is remarkable, and cost of electricity-generating is cheap.

(3) employing of auxiliary oven in the utility model has reduced the heat absorber manufacture cost, has improved the thermal efficiency of heat absorber; The afterbody of auxiliary oven flue also is furnished with heat-absorbent surfaces such as air preheater, feed water preheater, has improved the energy utilization efficiency of system.

(4) also to have adopted with the saturation water be the heat-stored device of medium to the utility model, when occurring in short-term cloud amount on high, saturation water can be realized flash distillation by system's step-down, make supporting electricity generating device be in the state of sliding parameter operation, can weaken the fluctuation of load amplitude of steamer power generation system thus, make whole system operation more stable, this is very important beyond doubt for the unit that is incorporated into the power networks of high power capacity.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a kind of composition structural drawing of the present utility model.

Embodiment

As shown in Figure 1, the utility model comprises: oxygen-eliminating device 1, feed water pump 2, drum 3, heat absorber 4, thermal accumulator 5, auxiliary oven 6, superheater 61, superheater 62, air preheater 63, feed water preheater 64, steam turbine 7, generator 8, vapour condenser 9, condensate pump 10, moisturizing import a, air inlet b, fuel gas inlet c.

Normal workflow of the present utility model is as follows: the effect of oxygen-eliminating device 1 is to remove dissolved oxygen in the condensate system by steam heating, and this helps to prevent the oxygen corrosion of pipeline and heating surface.In this instance system, the thermal source of oxygen-eliminating device draws gas from steam turbine, also can be from drum 3 or other vapour source.Water after the deoxygenation enters drum 3 behind feed water pump 2; Through heat absorber 4, heat absorption in its heat-absorbent surface, intensification become saturated vapour gradually; Saturated vapour after carbonated drink is separated is introduced into thermal accumulator 5; The bottom of thermal accumulator 5 is the saturation water of design capacity, and top is the saturated vapour under the corresponding pressure.The saturated vapour that comes out from thermal accumulator 5 enters into auxiliary oven 6, finishes the superheating process of steam in superheater 61, enters steam turbine 7 then, and steam is finished expansion acting process in steam turbine 7, and drives generator 8 actings; The steam of discharging from steam turbine 7 is cooled, condenses into water in vapour condenser 9; Through condensate pump 10 boost and feed water preheater 64 after enter oxygen-eliminating device 1; Finish the circulation of whole water (water vapor) system.

The working procedure of auxiliary oven 6 is as follows: cool air enters burner 61 behind air preheater 63 and fuel mix, the high-temperature flue gas of generation successively flow through superheater 62, air preheater 63, feed water preheater 64.

The startup of the utility model system, stop and the process of normal operation is described in detail as follows:

Because the working medium that this system adopts is water and steam, therefore need only the heat absorber 4 interior danger that do not have to freeze just without the water in the emptying heat absorber 4.During morning system start-up,, determine to project the intensity of solar radiation on the heat absorber 4, and, determine the increasing temperature and pressure process of system according to the characteristic of metal according to wall temperature that monitors and water degree.Along with the increase of intensity of solar radiation, the water in the drum 3 becomes saturation state gradually; When intensity of solar radiation further strengthened, the saturated vapour in the drum 3 compiled, and temperature and pressure constantly raises; Saturated vapour is introduced into thermal accumulator 5, and in thermal accumulator 5, the rising situation and the drum 3 of vapor pressure and temperature are similar, just lags behind to some extent in time, and this process depends on the capacity of thermal accumulator 5.When the steam parameter in the thermal accumulator 5 reaches the lower bound of setting value, start auxiliary oven 6; The steam that auxiliary oven 6 produces enters vapour condenser 9 by bypath system and carries out the recovery of working medium before the start-up parameter that reaches steam turbine 7; Reach the condition of startup when the superheated vapor parameter after, start steam turbine 7 and generator 8, system drops into proper functioning.Before midday, along with the increase of intensity of solar radiation, the steam output that heat absorber 4 produces increases, and the power of auxiliary oven 6 increases thereupon, and superheated vapor parameter and steam turbine generator parameter reach maximum value.Whole system is duration of work by day, because intensity of solar radiation constantly changes with the difference of solar incident angle, the superheated vapor parameter of system is also changing thereupon, so steam turbine 7 is operated in a variable working condition state.

When vacating existing cloud amount in short-term the same day, the saturated steam output of heat absorber 4 descends rapidly, but because system design has saturated thermal accumulator 5, and the decline of superheat steam flow will relax relatively, Turbo-generator Set can adapt to the variation of steam inlet condition; Otherwise when cloud amount shifted out the mirror field, the increase of intensity of solar radiation caused saturated additional issue amount to increase sharply, but the existence of thermal accumulator 5 but comparatively relaxes the increase of superheat steam flow; The design of thermal accumulator 5 can increase the stability of energy composite energy solar heat power generation system greatly as can be seen.

At dusk, intensity of solar radiation descends, and the steam output of system reduces gradually; Reach the following of working value and prescribe a time limit, heat absorber 4 quits work; Owing to also have the saturated vapours of storage in the thermal accumulator 4, so the steamer power generation system can also be worked time of 0.5～1 hour; Prescribe a time limit to the following of working value when steam inlet condition is low at last, the steamer power generation system quits work gradually.If system stops transport for a long time, or when crossing the low water freezing that may cause in the heat absorber 4 because of ambient temperature, for guarantee heat absorber 4 safely, increase the service life, need emptying heat absorber 4.

In above-mentioned example system, energy distribution relation according to the solar energy high temperature heat generating system, the pre-thermal evaporation process of water is carried out ingenious the separation with the steam superheating process, and the efficient of effectively having avoided superheater to be arranged in may bringing on the solar heat absorber reduces and problem such as deterioration of safety.From the source of energy, the energy that solar energy provides accounts for 80% of the whole caloric receptivities of system; With with the conventional unit of capacity relatively, the fossil fuel that compound energy solar energy high temperature heat generating system is consumed only is equivalent to about 20% of conventional unit, when normally moving its cost of electricity-generating far below conventional fired power generating unit, economic benefit and obvious social benefit.Remarkable from visible these combined system new energy characteristics of above-mentioned analysis, meet national new energy industrial policy, application prospect is boundless.

Claims (1)

1. compound energy solar energy high temperature thermal electric generator, it is characterized in that: system comprises successively: oxygen-eliminating device (1), feed water pump (2), drum (3), heat absorber (4), thermal accumulator (5), auxiliary oven (6), steam turbine (7), generator (8), vapour condenser (9), condensate pump (10) and the pipeline that is interconnected thereof; The pipeline that described auxiliary oven (6) is equipped with burner (61), superheater (62), air preheater (63), feed water preheater (64) in order and is interconnected.

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