CN201966775U - Brushless DC motor system - Google Patents
Brushless DC motor system Download PDFInfo
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- CN201966775U CN201966775U CN2010205304119U CN201020530411U CN201966775U CN 201966775 U CN201966775 U CN 201966775U CN 2010205304119 U CN2010205304119 U CN 2010205304119U CN 201020530411 U CN201020530411 U CN 201020530411U CN 201966775 U CN201966775 U CN 201966775U
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- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 7
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- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000001052 transient effect Effects 0.000 description 4
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Abstract
The application discloses a brushless direct current motor system. The motor system comprises an output stage, a first input stage and a second input stage, wherein the output stage receives an input signal and provides an output signal; a motor including a coil and a rotor, the motor driving the rotor to rotate based on the output signal; the Hall sensor provides a Hall sensing signal based on the rotation angle of the rotor; and the control circuit controls the output stage based on the Hall sensing signal, wherein the sensing signal of the Hall sensor is reduced under the condition that the rotor is close to a key position so as to reduce the peak current of the coil. The above technical scheme of the utility model can reduce direct current brushless motor's electric current spine and corresponding reduction voltage spine.
Description
Technical field
Embodiment of the present utility model relates to dc brushless motor, relates in particular to the dc brushless motor that is used to reduce electric current spine and voltage spine.
Background technology
Motor-driven is widely used in the CPU radiator fan.Its basic principle produces magnetic field for when coil electricity at the motor two ends, thereby produces magnetic force at the motor two ends.
Usually the character according to power supply is divided into direct current machine and alternating current machine with motor.Direct current machine adopts permanent magnet as stator usually, and employing is subjected to the hot-wire coil of external drive as rotor.This rotor is equivalent to an electromagnet.When electric current flows through on it, around stator, will produce magnetic field, and produce magnetic force, thereby rotate at the effect lower rotor part of magnetic force at electromagnetism two interpolars.
In dc brushless motor, brush is replaced by hall sensor, and rotor adopts permanent magnet, and stator adopts coil, motor as shown in Figure 1.In coil 101, flow through as shown in the figure electric current I from left to right
CThe time, according to the right-hand rule, for the N utmost point, be the magnetic field of the S utmost point below above motor will produce as shown in the figure.According to the principle that the same sex is repelled each other, there is a natural attraction between the sexes, at this moment, rotor 102 is subjected to the effect of moment, will rotate counterclockwise.
When rotor 102 forwarded position shown in Figure 2 to, the magnetic pole that the magnetic pole of rotor 102 and coil 101 (being stator) produce was on the same line, and this position is called key position.At this moment, the moment that is applied on the rotor 102 is zero.Remain unchanged if flow through the sense of current of coil 101, then after rotor 102 turns over key position, rotor 102 suffered moments will change direction.
Therefore, continue towards same direction rotation in order to make rotor, the sense of current that flows through coil 101 should be reverse behind rotor process key position, thereby keep moment direction constant (is counterclockwise as holding torque).The sense of current is adjusted according to the relevant position of rotor in the position that existing dc brushless motor adopts hall sensor to detect and feed back rotor usually.As long as hall sensor is placed on correct position, the signal amplitude of the hall sensing signal of hall sensor output and direction and the amplitude that polarity can reflect motor torque.Be illustrated in figure 3 as the turned position of hall sensor 103 detection rotors 102, Figure 4 shows that the hall sensing signal V of hall sensor 103 outputs
HALLGraph of a relation with the turned position (the angle ω that rotor 102 relative horizontal levels turn over) of rotor 102.
As shown in Figure 4, when rotor 102 is spent less than 90 with respect to the rotational angle ω of horizontal level, hall sensing signal V
HALLBe positive level; When rotational angle ω spends near 90, hall sensing signal V
HALLBegin to be decreased to zero and be 90 to become negative level when spending at rotational angle ω; Until rotational angle ω to 270 degree, the hall sensing signal becomes positive level again; After this, rotational angle ω is 450 when spending, and the hall sensing signal becomes negative level.Hall sensing signal V
HALLAccording to the positive negative potential of rotational angle ω circulation change like this, make the electric current change direction correspondingly of flowing through coil 101.
The equivalent-circuit model of motor as shown in Figure 5, it comprises 3 parts: equivalent stray inductance L
P, equivalent resistance R
PWith induced electromotive force V
tInduced electromotive force V wherein
tGive birth at magnetic field transfer movable property by rotor 102.According to Lenz's law, the size of induced electromotive force is directly proportional with the product of the rotating speed of rotor and change in magnetic flux density rate dB/dt.Rotor 102 is the closer to key position, because change in magnetic flux density rate dB/dt reduces, and induced electromotive force V then
tReduce.
Fig. 6 illustrates the system with full-bridge topology drive motors.This full-bridge topology comprises brachium pontis 1 and brachium pontis 2.Wherein brachium pontis 1 comprises first switch 104 and second switch 105; Brachium pontis 2 comprises the 3rd switch 106 and the 4th switch 107.First switch 104 and second switch 105 are coupled in series in input V
INAnd between the reference ground, the 3rd switch 106 and the 4th switch 107 are coupled in series in input V
INAnd between the reference ground; The motor first end A is coupled in the common node of first switch 104 and second switch 105, and the motor second end B is coupled to the common node of the 3rd switch 106 and the 4th switch 107.When first switch 104 and the 4th switch 107 were closed conducting, second switch 105 and the 3rd switch 106 and are disconnected, electric current was via input V
IN, first switch 104, equivalent stray inductance L
P, equivalent resistance R
P, induced electromotive force V
t, the 4th switch 107 and form path with reference to ground.At this moment, the voltage V between the motor first end A and the second end B
ABBe input V
INMagnitude of voltage, promptly be applied to equivalent stray inductance L
P, equivalent resistance R
PWith induced electromotive force V
tThe voltage at two ends is V
INEquivalent stray inductance L flows through
PThe sense of current for from left to right.When rotational angle ω spends near 90, when promptly rotor 102 is near key position, hall sensing signal V
HALLBegin to reduce, the change in magnetic flux density rate reduces, then induced electromotive force V
tReduce, therefore, be applied to equivalent stray inductance L
PWith equivalent resistance R
PThe voltage V at two ends
PIncrease.Correspondingly, flow through equivalent stray inductance L
PInductive current I
LPAlso increase.When rotor 102 forwarded key position to, the change in magnetic flux density rate was reduced to zero, and this moment, inductive current increased to its maximum, caused the electric current spine, curve I as shown in Figure 7
LP
Constant in order to keep the moment direction, after rotor 102 turned over key position, coil current needed oppositely.Second switch 105 and the 3rd switch 106 were closed conducting, first switch 104 and the 4th switch 107 and were disconnected this moment.Because inductive current can not suddenly change, therefore, this moment, electric current was via second switch 105, equivalent stray inductance L
P, equivalent resistance R
P, induced electromotive force V
tPass back into input V with the 3rd switch 107
IN, shown in Fig. 6 arrow.Therefore, pass back into input V
INEnergy on input capacitance (not shown), cause the voltage spine, curve V as shown in Figure 7
CIN
The utility model content
The purpose of this utility model is to propose a kind of electric current spine and corresponding dc brushless motor that reduces the voltage spine of reducing.
An aspect of the present utility model provides a kind of DC brushless motor system, comprising: output stage, and receiving inputted signal provides output signal; Motor, described motor comprises coil and rotor, described motor drives described rotor rotation based on described output signal; Hall sensor based on the rotational angle of described rotor, provides the hall sensing signal, and described hall sensing signal reduces to reduce the peak current of coil under the close situation of key position of described rotor; Control circuit couples with described hall sensor and described output stage, based on the described output stage of described hall sensing signal controlling.
According to embodiment of the present utility model, described control circuit comprises: the Hall comparator, couple with described hall sensor, and based on described hall sensing signal, provide first comparison signal; The Hall amplifier couples with described hall sensor, based on described hall sensing signal, provides the Hall amplifying signal; The peak current comparator couples with described Hall amplifier and coil, based on described Hall amplifying signal and the electric current that flows through described coil, provides second comparison signal; Wherein said first comparison signal and second comparison signal are in order to control described output stage.
According to embodiment of the present utility model, described DC brushless motor system further comprises current sampling unit, and its input is coupled to described motor, and the electric current of crossing described coil in order to sample streams is to described peak current comparator.
According to embodiment of the present utility model, described DC brushless motor system further comprises logical block, couples with the peak current comparator, according to second comparison signal and pulse duration drive signal, provides logical signal, controls described output stage.
According to embodiment of the present utility model, described logical block comprises NOR gate.
According to embodiment of the present utility model, described key position is that the magnetic pole of described rotor and the magnetic pole of described coil generation are in the same line.According to embodiment of the present utility model, described output stage comprises first brachium pontis and second brachium pontis of coupled in parallel.
Electric current spine and the voltage spine of such scheme of the present utility model in can less dc brushless motor.
Description of drawings
Following accompanying drawing has shown execution mode of the present utility model.These drawings and embodiments provide embodiment more of the present utility model in the mode of non-limiting, non exhaustive property.
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of motor.
Fig. 2 works as its rotor for motor shown in Figure 1 and stator generation magnetic pole is positioned at unidirectional schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 detects the schematic diagram of the turned position of rotor for hall sensor.
Fig. 4 is the graph of a relation of the turned position of hall sensing signal and rotor.
Fig. 5 is the equivalent-circuit model figure of motor.
Fig. 6 is the equivalent-circuit model figure of prior art with full-bridge topology drive motors.
Fig. 7 is the working waveform figure of prior art electric system.
Fig. 8 is the DC brushless motor system 100 according to an embodiment of the utility model.
Fig. 8 is the DC brushless motor system 200 according to another embodiment of the utility model.
Figure 10 illustrates the working waveform figure of DC brushless motor system 100.
Figure 11 is the equivalent circuit diagram that utilizes full-bridge topology drive motors according to another embodiment of the utility model.
Figure 12 is the driven by Brush-Less DC motor method flow diagram 300 according to another embodiment of the utility model.
Embodiment
Describe the driver of the light-emitting component of the utility model embodiment below in detail.In ensuing explanation, some concrete details, for example the concrete parameter of the particular circuit configurations among the embodiment and these circuit elements all is used for providing better understanding to embodiment of the present utility model.Even those skilled in the art are appreciated that embodiment of the present utility model also can be implemented under the situation that lacks combinations such as some details or additive method, element, material.
As previously mentioned, the position of the hall sensing characterization rotor of hall sensor output and the size of induced electromotive force, magnetic flux density only changes when rotor process key position and remains unchanged in other positions, and promptly induced electromotive force only changes when rotor process key position.And the switching tube conducting of full-bridge switching occurs in rotor through key position constantly in the prior art, causes very big inductive current spine and voltage spine.According to the utility model embodiment, a kind of New-type electric machine drive circuit and method have been proposed, described driving method at rotor when the key position, be that the hall sensing signal is when beginning to reduce, reduce the current peak of inductive current in the motor coil, thereby reduce electric current spine and the corresponding voltage spine that reduces.
Referring to Fig. 8, be DC brushless motor system 100 according to an embodiment of the utility model.As shown in Figure 8, DC brushless motor system 100 comprises motor and driver.Wherein motor comprises coil 101, rotor 102 and hall sensor 103.Driver comprises output stage and control circuit.
According to an embodiment of the present utility model, output stage comprises brachium pontis 1 and brachium pontis 2.Brachium pontis 1 is coupled to the first end A of motor, and brachium pontis 2 is coupled to the second end B of motor, and brachium pontis 1 and brachium pontis 2 make coil 101 flow through electric current for motor provides drive signal, produces magnetic field, and then produce moment on rotor 102.
In one embodiment, hall sensor 103 produces the hall sensing signal according to the position of rotor 102, and the hall sensing signal is offered control circuit.Control circuit is based on the switch motion of the brachium pontis 1 and the brachium pontis 2 of described hall sensing signal controlling output stage, thereby control flows is crossed the electric current of coil 101.Especially, when rotor 102 during near key position, the hall sensing signal reduces, thereby the peak current of coil is lowered.Therefore, under lower state, the DC brushless motor system 100 of present embodiment coil current in transient process begins to descend ahead of time, so the electric current spine is reduced.Correspondingly, the voltage spine also is reduced.
Further specify how to reduce electric current spine and voltage spine below in conjunction with Fig. 9 and Figure 10.
Referring to Fig. 9, be DC brushless motor system 200 according to another embodiment of the utility model.Shown in Figure 9, DC brushless motor system 200 comprises motor and driver.Wherein motor comprises coil 101, rotor 102 and hall sensor 103.Driver comprises output stage and control circuit.
According to an embodiment of the present utility model, control circuit comprises Hall comparator 110, Hall amplifier 111, peak current comparator 112, current sampling unit 109 and logical block 113.In one embodiment, logical block 113 comprises NOR gate.
According to embodiment of the present utility model, brachium pontis 1, coil 101 and brachium pontis 2 coupled in series; Hall sensor 103 is placed in the motor, in order to the rotational angle of inductiopn rotor 102, and provides the hall sensing signal; The hall sensing signal is coupled to the input of Hall comparator 110 and the input of Hall amplifier 111.Hall comparator 110 provides first comparison signal according to the hall sensing signal; Hall amplifier 111 provides the Hall amplifying signal according to the hall sensing signal, and the Hall amplifying signal is coupled to the first input end of peak current comparator 112; Current sampling unit 109 is coupled to motor, cross the electric current of coil 101 in order to sample streams, and the output current sampled signal is to second input of peak current comparator 112; Peak current comparator 112 provides the first input end of second comparison signal to logical block 113 according to Hall amplifying signal and current sampling signal, and second input of logical block 113 couples pulse duration (PWM) drive signal; Logical block 113 provides logical signal according to second comparison signal and PWM drive signal, and in order to the switch motion of control brachium pontis 1 and brachium pontis 2, thereby control flows is crossed the electric current of coil 101.
According to embodiment of the present utility model, DC brushless motor system 100 control brachium pontis 1 and brachium pontis 2 carry out switch motion, make the motor both end voltage be input V
INMagnitude of voltage, make coil 101 flow through electric current, thereby rotor 102 rotated.When rotor 102 during near key position, as previously mentioned, the hall sensing signal V of hall sensor output
HALLReduce, DC brushless motor system 100 enters the transient state of switching current direction.On the one hand, corresponding the reducing of Hall amplifying signal of Hall amplifier 111 outputs, promptly current peak reduces; On the other hand, induced electromotive force V
tReduce, coil current increases, and correspondingly, current sampling signal increases, as shown in Figure 8.When current sampling signal during greater than the Hall amplifying signal, the logic of the output signal of peak current comparator changes.Through after the logical block 113, the actuating switch of brachium pontis 1 and brachium pontis 2 is adjusted, and makes that the motor both end voltage is zero, and the electric current that flows through coil 101 begins to reduce.When rotor 102 process key positions, the switch of brachium pontis 1 and brachium pontis 2 is adjusted once more, makes the motor both end voltage be input V
INThe opposite number of magnitude of voltage, promptly-V
INThe electric current that flows through coil 101 begins reverse increase after being decreased to zero, reaches stable state once more until magnetic flux density, and DC brushless motor system 100 enters stable state.When the close once more key position of rotor 102, temporal variations appears in DC brushless motor system 100 again, and its course of work as previously mentioned, and is simple and clear for narrating, and no longer describes in detail here.
Can see that with respect to prior art, the electric current that flows through coil 101 is in the transient process of rotor 102 via key position, its peak value reduces.Therefore, the electric current spine is reduced.After rotor 102 is via key position, because coil current then passes back into input V near null value or begun reverse increase
INEnergy very little or be zero, therefore, the voltage spine at input capacitance two ends also is reduced.
Figure 10 illustrates the working waveform figure of DC brushless motor system 200.As shown in Figure 9, when the rotational angle ω of rotor 102 spent near 90, the current peak of coil current began to descend, as Fig. 9 curve I
LPDotted portion shown in.Therefore, coil current does not reach 90 when spending at rotational angle ω, and the actuating switch of brachium pontis 1 and brachium pontis 2 is switched, motor both end voltage V
ABVanishing.Until rotational angle ω is 90 when spending, and the switch of brachium pontis 1 and brachium pontis 2 is switched, and makes motor both end voltage V
ABFor-V
IN, make DC brushless motor system 100 begin to carry out the transition to stable state from transient state.Can see that the coil current spine of DC brushless motor system 100 and input capacitance both end voltage spine are reduced.
Further specify the course of work of DC brushless motor system below in conjunction with Figure 11.As shown in figure 11, brachium pontis 1 comprises 121 and first time pipe 122 of pipe on first, and brachium pontis 2 comprises 123 and second time pipe 124 of pipe on second.Wherein 121 and first time pipe 122 of pipe is coupled in series in input V on first
INAnd between the reference ground, 123 and second time pipe 124 of pipe is coupled in series in input V on second
INAnd between the reference ground.121 and first time pipe of pipe, 122 common node is coupled to the first end A of motor on first, and the common node of 123 and second time pipe 124 of pipe is coupled to the second end B of motor on second.
When system brings into operation, suppose that 121 and second time pipe 124 of pipe is closed conducting on first, pipe 123 is disconnected on first time pipe 122 and second, and then electric current is via input V
IN, manage 121 on first, coil 101, second time pipe 124 and form path with reference to ground, the electric current that flows through coil 101 is for from left to right, rotor 102 begins rotation; Motor both end voltage V
ABBe input V
INMagnitude of voltage.
When rotor 102 forwarded near key position, as previously mentioned, current peak reduced, and coil current reaches current peak before rotor 102 arrives key position.Correspondingly, the output signal of peak current comparator changes logic level, behind logical circuit 113, pipe 121 is disconnected on first, pipe 123 is continued to disconnect on second, first time pipe 122 be closed conducting, control and second time pipe 124 and continued closed conducting.At this moment, electric current forms path via first time pipe 122, coil 101, second time pipe 124 with reference to ground.Coil current begins to reduce; Motor both end voltage V
ABBe zero.Therefore, the energy on the coil 101 is released by second time pipe 124.
When rotor 102 process key positions, the hall sensing signal is by just becoming negative.Correspondingly, first comparison signal of Hall comparator 110 output changes logic level, making that pipe 123 is closed conducting on the pipe 122 and second of winning down, and pipe is managed 124 for 121 and second time and is disconnected on first.Electric current is via input V
IN, manage 123 on second, coil 101, first time pipe 122 and form path with reference to ground; Motor both end voltage V
ABBe input V
INThe opposite number of magnitude of voltage, promptly-V
INBecause the current energy of coil 101 discharges by second time pipe 124, passes back into input V
INEnergy almost nil, input capacitance will can not be recharged, the voltage spine is reduced even is eliminated.
Further, a kind of driven by Brush-Less DC motor method has been proposed also, flow chart 300 as shown in figure 12.The driven by Brush-Less DC motor method comprises:
The utility model embodiment is not limited to above-mentioned concrete example, those skilled in the art should be understood that also can adopt half-bridge, recommend or topology that other has similar functions as output stage.
Above-mentioned specification of the present utility model and execution mode only are illustrated DC brushless motor system and the driving method of the utility model embodiment in an exemplary fashion, and are not used in the scope of the present utility model that limits.It all is possible changing and revise for disclosed embodiment, other feasible selection embodiment and can be understood by those skilled in the art the equivalent variations of element among the embodiment.Other variations of embodiment disclosed in the utility model and modification do not exceed spirit of the present utility model and protection range.
Claims (7)
1. a DC brushless motor system is characterized in that, comprising:
Output stage, receiving inputted signal provides output signal;
Motor, described motor comprises coil and rotor, described motor drives described rotor rotation based on described output signal;
Hall sensor based on the rotational angle of described rotor, provides the hall sensing signal, and described hall sensing signal reduces to reduce the peak current of coil under the close situation of key position of described rotor;
Control circuit couples with described hall sensor and described output stage, based on the described output stage of described hall sensing signal controlling.
2. DC brushless motor system as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described control circuit comprises:
The Hall comparator couples with described hall sensor, based on described hall sensing signal, provides first comparison signal;
The Hall amplifier couples with described hall sensor, based on described hall sensing signal, provides the Hall amplifying signal;
The peak current comparator couples with described Hall amplifier and coil, based on described Hall amplifying signal and the electric current that flows through described coil, provides second comparison signal; Wherein
Described first comparison signal and second comparison signal are in order to control described output stage.
3. DC brushless motor system as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that, further comprises current sampling unit, and its input is coupled to described motor, and the electric current of crossing described coil in order to sample streams is to described peak current comparator.
4. DC brushless motor system as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that, further comprises
Logical block couples with the peak current comparator, according to second comparison signal and pulse duration drive signal, provides logical signal, controls described output stage.
5. DC brushless motor system as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that described logical block comprises NOR gate.
6. DC brushless motor system as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described key position is that the magnetic pole of described rotor and the magnetic pole of described coil generation are in the same line.
7. DC brushless motor system as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described output stage comprises first brachium pontis and second brachium pontis of coupled in parallel.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010205304119U CN201966775U (en) | 2010-09-14 | 2010-09-14 | Brushless DC motor system |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010205304119U CN201966775U (en) | 2010-09-14 | 2010-09-14 | Brushless DC motor system |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN201966775U true CN201966775U (en) | 2011-09-07 |
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| CN2010205304119U Expired - Fee Related CN201966775U (en) | 2010-09-14 | 2010-09-14 | Brushless DC motor system |
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- 2010-09-14 CN CN2010205304119U patent/CN201966775U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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