CN201965213U - Power battery voltage patrol inspection controller for electric vehicle - Google Patents

Power battery voltage patrol inspection controller for electric vehicle Download PDF

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Publication number
CN201965213U
CN201965213U CN2011200204941U CN201120020494U CN201965213U CN 201965213 U CN201965213 U CN 201965213U CN 2011200204941 U CN2011200204941 U CN 2011200204941U CN 201120020494 U CN201120020494 U CN 201120020494U CN 201965213 U CN201965213 U CN 201965213U
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pin
voltage
relay
mcu
battery
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赵孝国
吴畏
朱庆林
邓向斌
董冰
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QIMING INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
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QIMING INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
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Abstract

The utility model discloses a power battery voltage patrol inspection controller for an electric vehicle; the universal input/output module and an external switch matrix decoding circuit of a micro control unit (MCU) search the addresses of all relays in a battery switch relay group according to a control method, and output the voltage of a single battery to be measured; the voltage of the single battery adjusts the phase and outputs the same to a voltage dividing circuit through a phase switch relay group; the phase switch relay group is gated by a switch matrix decoding circuit; the voltage signal after phase adjustment enters the voltage dividing circuit to be reduced; the MCU gates a sampling switch relay group and determines sampling voltage through a general purpose input/output (GPIO) module; the voltage signal is input to the analog-digital conversion module of the MCU through a linear isolation device, so as to complete the patrol inspection to the single battery and total voltage; and after being converted, the voltage value of the patrol inspection is transmitted to a battery management system (BMS) in the form of a message for the BMS to calculate and use. The power battery voltage patrol inspection controller for the electric vehicle detects 24 circuits of single batteries and the total voltage at different time, so that the analog-digital conversion unit which is added for adding voltage sampling nodes is omitted, and the manufacturing cost of the electric vehicle is effectively reduced.

Description

Used for electric vehicle electrokinetic cell voltage polling controller
Technical field
The utility model discloses a kind of used for electric vehicle electrokinetic cell voltage polling controller, belongs to new-energy automobile electrical management technical field.
Background technology
The energy of electric automobile is mainly derived from vehicle mounted dynamic battery, and entire car controller needs the essential information of reference driving force battery to formulate integrated vehicle control tactics, ensures that electric automobile travels safely and steadly.The monomer voltage of electrokinetic cell and total voltage are the important parameters that ensures the electric automobile operation, and therefore, outstanding electrokinetic cell voltage detecting control method is to estimate the most important performance index of a electric automobile.Traditional electrokinetic cell voltage detection method generally uses the analog-to-digital conversion module Direct Sampling of microcontroller in the ECU (Electrical Control Unit).Because the pin number of microcontroller analog-to-digital conversion module is limited, often can not satisfy the needs that voltage sample is counted, so can only satisfy sampling request by the method that increases microcontroller or increase external analog-to-digital conversion module.This has increased the electric automobile cost undoubtedly, is unfavorable for the popularization of whole electric automobile industry.
In addition, electrokinetic cell is generally all more than several hectovolts, if adopt the mode of microcontroller analog to digital conversion interface Direct Sampling, do not add any quarantine measures, if something unexpected happened not only damages ECU (Electrical Control Unit) itself, more may therefore cause other functional parts of car load that electric leakage danger takes place.In case this situation occurs, consequence is hardly imaginable.And traditional electrokinetic cell voltage detection method is often powerless to this situation.
Summary of the invention
The utility model discloses a kind of used for electric vehicle electrokinetic cell voltage polling controller, timesharing is carried out patrolling and examining of monomer voltage and total voltage to electrokinetic cell, and between high-voltage signal and microcontroller, adopted the voltage isolation design, strengthen the security of device, solved the problem of traditional electrokinetic cell voltage detecting sampling number deficiency.
The technical solution of the utility model used for electric vehicle electrokinetic cell voltage polling controller is as follows:
Electrokinetic cell voltage polling control device mainly is made up of microcontroller (MCU-Micro Control Unit), switch matrix decoding scheme, cell switch relay group, phaseswitch relay group, bleeder circuit, sampling switch relay group, linear isolating device and controller area network (CAN-Controller Area Network) transceiver.Wherein, the general I/O of MCU (GPIO-General Purpose Input Output) module 1, outside connected switch matrix decoding scheme is according to control method, finish addressing, the battery cell voltage that the output desire is measured to each relay in the cell switch relay group.Battery cell voltage passes through phaseswitch relay group again, adjusts phase place and outputs to bleeder circuit.Each relay in the phaseswitch relay group is also by switch matrix decoding scheme institute gating.Through the adjusted voltage signal of phase place, can enter bleeder circuit and do the step-down processing, voltage is adjusted to the collectable scope of MCU.MCU is by GPIO module 2 gating sampling switch relay groups, in order to determine sampling monomer voltage or total voltage.This voltage signal warp sexual isolation device again is input to analog to digital conversion (AD-Analog-to-Digital Converter) module of MCU, thereby finishes patrolling and examining battery cell and total voltage.At last, the magnitude of voltage of patrolling and examining is by the communication module of MCU, after CAN transceiver level conversion, sends battery management system (BMS-Battery Management System) to the form of message, calculates use for BMS.
The technical solution of the utility model battery for electric automobile voltage polling controller is as follows:
Mainly form by MCU, switch matrix decoding scheme, cell switch relay group, phaseswitch relay group, bleeder circuit, sampling switch relay group, linear isolating device and controller area network transceiver; Wherein, the general input/output module 1 of MCU, outside connected switch matrix decoding scheme are finished the addressing to each relay in the cell switch relay group according to control method, the battery cell voltage that the output desire is measured; Battery cell voltage passes through phaseswitch relay group again, adjusts phase place and outputs to bleeder circuit; Each relay in the phaseswitch relay group is also by switch matrix decoding scheme institute gating; Through the adjusted voltage signal of phase place, can enter bleeder circuit and do the step-down processing, voltage is adjusted to the collectable scope of MCU; MCU is by GPIO module 2 gating sampling switch relay groups, in order to determine sampling monomer voltage or total voltage; Voltage signal warp sexual isolation device again is input to the analog-to-digital conversion module of MCU, finishes patrolling and examining battery cell and total voltage; The magnitude of voltage of patrolling and examining is by the communication module of MCU, after CAN transceiver level conversion, sends battery management system to the form of message, calculates use for BMS.
Used for electric vehicle electrokinetic cell voltage polling controller described in the utility model, concrete structure is as follows:
The switch matrix decoding scheme mainly is made of field programmable gate array; The A1 of FPGA, A3 ~ A25 link to each other with 6 pin of cell switch relay 1 ~ 13; The A2 of FPGA, A4 ~ A24 link to each other with 2 pin of cell switch relay 1 ~ 12; D1 ~ D3 of FPGA links to each other with 2 pin of phaseswitch relay 1 ~ 3; E1 ~ E3 of FPGA links to each other with 6 pin of phaseswitch relay 1 ~ 3; GPIO0 ~ 4 in the GPIO module 1 of C0 ~ C4 of FPGA and MCU are connected, and C0 ~ C4 is totally 5 road signal wires; MCU regularly exports 31 kinds of codings wherein, the relay that gating is different, the battery cell voltage and the total voltage of output diverse location;
Cell switch relay group is made up of 13 optocoupler type relays; 1 pin and 5 pin of light coupling relay link together, and by moving 5V on the resistance, 2 pin and 6 pin meet FPGA; When low level appears in 2 pin and 6 pin, light coupling relay closure, 3 pin and 4 pin conductings, 7 pin and 8 pin conductings; At this moment the battery cell that is connected between 3 pin and 7 pin outputs to 4 pin and 8 pin to voltage respectively; The input end that the battery cell voltage of 4 pin and 8 pin will be input to the phaseswitch relay carries out the adjustment of both positive and negative polarity phase place;
Phaseswitch relay group is made up of 3 optocoupler type relays; 1 pin and 5 pin of light coupling relay link together, and by moving 5V on the resistance, 2 pin and 6 pin meet FPGA; Phaseswitch relay 1 can only respectively have 1 road optical coupled switch open-minded simultaneously with phaseswitch relay 2, and will guarantee that the Vin+ of bleeder circuit connects the positive pole of tested monomer, and Vin-connects the negative pole of tested monomer; Switch relay 3 is used for exporting the battery total voltage to bleeder circuit;
Bleeder circuit has two groups, and one group is carried out dividing potential drop to battery cell voltage, and one group is carried out dividing potential drop to the battery total voltage; Voltage signal enters from Vin+, Vin-two-stage, by Vout+, the output of Vout-two-stage; Cell voltage is adjusted into the collectable 0 ~ 5V voltage signal of MCU after dividing potential drop;
Sampling switch relay group is made up of 2 optocoupler type relays; 1 pin and 5 pin of light coupling relay link together, and by moving 5V on the resistance, 2 pin and 6 pin meet the GPIO2 of MCU; Sampling switch relay 1 output battery cell voltage, sampling switch relay 2 output battery total voltages; GPIO2 is by coding, and battery cell voltage or total voltage are exported in timesharing;
Input end IN1, the IN2 of linear isolating device connects 4 pin and 8 pin of sampling switch relay group, and output terminal OUT connects the AD1 of MCU, and AGND connects the AGND of MCU; Through the battery cell or the total voltage signal of dividing potential drop, after the linear isolation of isolating device, sample for the AD module of MCU;
The signal of the CAN communication module of MCU receives pin CAN_RXD and is connected with signal transmission pin TXD with the signal reception pin RXD of CAN transceiver with signal transmission pin CAN_TXD, finishes the Transistor-Transistor Logic level transmission of CAN bus; The CANH end of CAN transceiver links to each other with the CANL end with the CAN bus interface CANH end of BMS with the CANL end.
Electrokinetic cell voltage polling control device is finished inspection function according to following control method:
(1). switch matrix voltage output control method:
If the control method gating A1 ~ A25 and the E1 of switch matrix according to the form below, E2, D1, pins such as D2, then phaseswitch relay group will be exported corresponding monomer voltage.
Figure 618038DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
If switch matrix gating E3, the D3 pin, phaseswitch relay group will be exported total voltage.
(3) GPIO module 1 control method of .MCU:
The GPIO module 1 of M CU is made up of GPIO4, GPIO3, GPIO2, GPIO1, five pins of GPIO0, can produce 2 5=32 codings (corresponding numeral is 0 ~ 31).Wherein: 0 ~ 24 difference corresponding A, 1 ~ A25,25 ~ 30 corresponding D1 ~ D3, E1 ~ E3,31 reservations need not.
(4) GPIO module 2 control methods of .MCU:
The GPIO module 2 of MCU is made up of GPIO6, GPIO7, four pins of GPIO8, GPIO9, and behind the control method gating of according to the form below, sampling switch relay group is exported battery cell sampled voltage and battery sampling total voltage respectively;
Total voltage GPIO6 ON GPIO7 ON GPIO8 OFF GPIO9 OFF
Monomer voltage GPIO6 OFF GPIO7 OFF GPIO8 ON GPIO9 ON
The utility model good effect is:Can 24 road battery cells and total voltage be detected timesharing, saved, reduced the manufacturing cost of electric automobile effectively to increasing the AD conversion unit that the voltage sample node increases.Simultaneously between high-tension battery signal and microcontroller, increased isolation design, prevented under emergency case, because of the high-tension battery signal punctures the potential safety hazard that the ECU (Electrical Control Unit) microcontroller forms.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the utility model structured flowchart;
Fig. 2 is the utility model circuit theory diagrams.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 1: electrokinetic cell voltage polling control device mainly is made up of microcontroller (MCU-Micro Control Unit), switch matrix decoding scheme, cell switch relay group, phaseswitch relay group, bleeder circuit, sampling switch relay group, linear isolating device and controller area network (CAN-Controller Area Network) transceiver.Wherein, the general I/O of MCU (GPIO-General Purpose Input Output) module 1, outside connected switch matrix decoding scheme is according to control method, finish addressing, the battery cell voltage that the output desire is measured to each relay in the cell switch relay group.Battery cell voltage passes through phaseswitch relay group again, adjusts phase place and outputs to bleeder circuit.Each relay in the phaseswitch relay group is also by switch matrix decoding scheme institute gating.Through the adjusted voltage signal of phase place, can enter bleeder circuit and do the step-down processing, voltage is adjusted to the collectable scope of MCU.MCU is by GPIO module 2 gating sampling switch relay groups, in order to determine sampling monomer voltage or total voltage.This voltage signal warp sexual isolation device again is input to analog to digital conversion (AD-Analog-to-Digital Converter) module of MCU, thereby finishes patrolling and examining battery cell and total voltage.At last, the magnitude of voltage of patrolling and examining is by the communication module of MCU, after CAN transceiver level conversion, sends battery management system (BMS-Battery Management System) to the form of message, calculates use for BMS.
Embodiment 2
As shown in Figure 2: the switch matrix decoding scheme mainly is made of field programmable gate array (FPGA-Field-Programmable Gate Array).The A1 of FPGA, A3 ~ A25 link to each other with 6 pin of cell switch relay 1 ~ 13, as A1, A3 ~ when low level appears in the A23 pin, and switch relay closure, the negative pole conducting output of the battery cell of singular reference, the anodal conducting output of the battery cell of even numbers label.The A2 of FPGA, A4 ~ A24 link to each other with 2 pin of cell switch relay 1 ~ 12, as A2, A4 ~ when low level appears in the A24 pin, and relay closes, the negative pole conducting output of the battery cell of even numbers label, the anodal conducting output of the battery cell of singular reference.D1 ~ D3 of FPGA links to each other with 2 pin of phaseswitch relay 1 ~ 3, as D1 ~ when low level appears in the D3 pin, and relay closes, the negative pole conducting output of battery.E1 ~ E3 of FPGA links to each other with 6 pin of phaseswitch relay 1 ~ 3, as E1 ~ when low level appears in the E3 pin, and relay closes, the anodal conducting output of battery.GPIO0 ~ 4 in the GPIO module 1 of C0 ~ C4 of FPGA and MCU are connected, and C0 ~ C4 is totally 5 road signal wires, can produce 2 5=32 kinds of codings.MCU regularly exports 31 kinds of codings wherein according to control strategy, the relay that gating is different, the battery cell voltage and the total voltage of output diverse location.
Cell switch relay group is made up of 13 optocoupler type relays.1 pin and 5 pin of light coupling relay link together, and by moving 5V on the resistance, 2 pin and 6 pin meet FPGA.When low level appears in 2 pin and 6 pin, light coupling relay closure, 3 pin and 4 pin conductings, 7 pin and 8 pin conductings.At this moment the battery cell that is connected between 3 pin and 7 pin outputs to 4 pin and 8 pin to voltage respectively.The input end that the battery cell voltage of 4 pin and 8 pin will be input to the phaseswitch relay carries out the adjustment of both positive and negative polarity phase place.
Phaseswitch relay group is made up of 3 optocoupler type relays.1 pin and 5 pin of light coupling relay link together, and by moving 5V on the resistance, 2 pin and 6 pin meet FPGA.When low level appears in 2 pin and 6 pin, light coupling relay closure, 3 pin and 4 pin conductings, 7 pin and 8 pin conductings.Phaseswitch relay 1 can only respectively have 1 road optical coupled switch open-minded simultaneously with phaseswitch relay 2, and will guarantee that the Vin+ of bleeder circuit connects the positive pole of tested monomer, and Vin-connects the negative pole of tested monomer.Switch relay 3 is used for exporting the battery total voltage to bleeder circuit.
Bleeder circuit has two groups, and one group is carried out dividing potential drop to battery cell voltage, and one group is carried out dividing potential drop to the battery total voltage.Voltage signal enters from Vin+, Vin-two-stage, by Vout+, the output of Vout-two-stage.Cell voltage is adjusted into the collectable 0 ~ 5V voltage signal of MCU after dividing potential drop.
Sampling switch relay group is made up of 2 optocoupler type relays.1 pin and 5 pin of light coupling relay link together, and by moving 5V on the resistance, 2 pin and 6 pin meet the GPIO2 of MCU.When low level appears in 2 pin and 6 pin, light coupling relay closure, 3 pin and 4 pin conductings, 7 pin and 8 pin conductings.At this moment the voltage signal that is connected 3 pin and 7 pin outputs to 4 pin and 8 pin respectively.Wherein, sampling switch relay 1 output battery cell voltage, sampling switch relay 2 output battery total voltages.GPIO2 is by coding, and battery cell voltage or total voltage are exported in timesharing.
Input end IN1, the IN2 of linear isolating device connects 4 pin and 8 pin of sampling switch relay group, and output terminal OUT connects the AD1 of MCU, and AGND connects the AGND of MCU.Through the battery cell or the total voltage signal of dividing potential drop, after the linear isolation of isolating device, sample for the AD module of MCU.The signal at linear isolating device two ends only keeps contact in logic, even fluctuation appears in the voltage signal of electrokinetic cell, also can the sampled signal of input MCU not exerted an influence.
The signal of the CAN communication module of MCU receives pin CAN_RXD and is connected with signal transmission pin TXD with the signal reception pin RXD of CAN transceiver with signal transmission pin CAN_TXD, finishes the Transistor-Transistor Logic level transmission of CAN bus; The CANH end of CAN transceiver links to each other with the CANL end with the CAN bus interface CANH end of BMS with the CANL end, finishes the differential level transmission of CAN bus, has so just realized the conversion of Transistor-Transistor Logic level and differential level.

Claims (2)

1. used for electric vehicle electrokinetic cell voltage polling controller is characterized in that:
Mainly form by MCU, switch matrix decoding scheme, cell switch relay group, phaseswitch relay group, bleeder circuit, sampling switch relay group, linear isolating device and controller area network transceiver; Wherein, the general input/output module 1 of MCU, outside connected switch matrix decoding scheme are finished the addressing to each relay in the cell switch relay group according to control method, the battery cell voltage that the output desire is measured; Battery cell voltage passes through phaseswitch relay group again, adjusts phase place and outputs to bleeder circuit; Each relay in the phaseswitch relay group is by switch matrix decoding scheme institute gating; Through the adjusted voltage signal of phase place, enter bleeder circuit and do the step-down processing, voltage is adjusted to the collectable scope of MCU; MCU determines sampled voltage by GPIO module 2 gating sampling switch relay groups; Voltage signal warp sexual isolation device again is input to the analog-to-digital conversion module of MCU, finishes patrolling and examining battery cell and total voltage; The magnitude of voltage of patrolling and examining is by the communication module of MCU, after CAN transceiver level conversion, sends battery management system to the form of message, calculates use for BMS.
2. used for electric vehicle electrokinetic cell voltage polling controller according to claim 1 is characterized in that:
The switch matrix decoding scheme mainly is made of field programmable gate array; The A1 of FPGA, A3 ~ A25 link to each other with 6 pin of cell switch relay 1 ~ 13; The A2 of FPGA, A4 ~ A24 link to each other with 2 pin of cell switch relay 1 ~ 12; D1 ~ D3 of FPGA links to each other with 2 pin of phaseswitch relay 1 ~ 3; E1 ~ E3 of FPGA links to each other with 6 pin of phaseswitch relay 1 ~ 3; GPIO0 ~ 4 in the GPIO module 1 of C0 ~ C4 of FPGA and MCU are connected, and C0 ~ C4 is totally 5 road signal wires; MCU regularly exports 31 kinds of codings wherein, the relay that gating is different, the battery cell voltage and the total voltage of output diverse location;
Cell switch relay group is made up of 13 optocoupler type relays; 1 pin and 5 pin of light coupling relay link together, and by moving 5V on the resistance, 2 pin and 6 pin meet FPGA; When low level appears in 2 pin and 6 pin, light coupling relay closure, 3 pin and 4 pin conductings, 7 pin and 8 pin conductings; At this moment the battery cell that is connected between 3 pin and 7 pin outputs to 4 pin and 8 pin to voltage respectively; The input end that the battery cell voltage of 4 pin and 8 pin will be input to the phaseswitch relay carries out the adjustment of both positive and negative polarity phase place;
Phaseswitch relay group is made up of 3 optocoupler type relays; 1 pin and 5 pin of light coupling relay link together, and by moving 5V on the resistance, 2 pin and 6 pin meet FPGA; Phaseswitch relay 1 can only respectively have 1 road optical coupled switch open-minded simultaneously with phaseswitch relay 2, and will guarantee that the Vin+ of bleeder circuit connects the positive pole of tested monomer, and Vin-connects the negative pole of tested monomer; Switch relay 3 is used for exporting the battery total voltage to bleeder circuit;
Bleeder circuit has two groups, and one group is carried out dividing potential drop to battery cell voltage, and one group is carried out dividing potential drop to the battery total voltage; Voltage signal enters from Vin+, Vin-two-stage, by Vout+, the output of Vout-two-stage; Cell voltage is adjusted into the collectable 0 ~ 5V voltage signal of MCU after dividing potential drop;
Sampling switch relay group is made up of 2 optocoupler type relays; 1 pin and 5 pin of light coupling relay link together, and by moving 5V on the resistance, 2 pin and 6 pin meet the GPIO2 of MCU; Sampling switch relay 1 output battery cell voltage, sampling switch relay 2 output battery total voltages; GPIO2 is by coding, and battery cell voltage or total voltage are exported in timesharing;
Input end IN1, the IN2 of linear isolating device connects 4 pin and 8 pin of sampling switch relay group, and output terminal OUT connects the AD1 of MCU, and AGND connects the AGND of MCU; Through the battery cell or the total voltage signal of dividing potential drop, after the linear isolation of isolating device, sample for the AD module of MCU;
The signal of the CAN communication module of MCU receives pin CAN_RXD and is connected with signal transmission pin TXD with the signal reception pin RXD of CAN transceiver with signal transmission pin CAN_TXD, finishes the Transistor-Transistor Logic level transmission of CAN bus; The CANH end of CAN transceiver links to each other with the CANL end with the CAN bus interface CANH end of BMS with the CANL end.
CN2011200204941U 2011-01-22 2011-01-22 Power battery voltage patrol inspection controller for electric vehicle Expired - Lifetime CN201965213U (en)

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Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102175975A (en) * 2011-01-22 2011-09-07 启明信息技术股份有限公司 Power battery voltage monitoring control method and device for electric automobile
CN107799845A (en) * 2017-10-23 2018-03-13 深圳市科列技术股份有限公司 A kind of battery management system and its battery switching matrix interlock circuit and interlock method
CN108089134A (en) * 2017-12-14 2018-05-29 成都隆航科技有限公司 System of voltage acquisition based on optocoupler combination switch
CN108333408A (en) * 2017-12-07 2018-07-27 安徽贵博新能科技有限公司 A kind of electric automobile power battery group series connection total voltage Acquisition Circuit
CN109031061A (en) * 2018-07-10 2018-12-18 安徽贵博新能科技有限公司 A kind of electric automobile power battery group insulation detecting circuit
CN111257624A (en) * 2018-11-30 2020-06-09 上海海拉电子有限公司 High-voltage detection circuit for battery management system of electric vehicle
CN111983488A (en) * 2020-08-17 2020-11-24 一汽解放汽车有限公司 Battery management system and voltage signal processing method thereof

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102175975A (en) * 2011-01-22 2011-09-07 启明信息技术股份有限公司 Power battery voltage monitoring control method and device for electric automobile
CN107799845A (en) * 2017-10-23 2018-03-13 深圳市科列技术股份有限公司 A kind of battery management system and its battery switching matrix interlock circuit and interlock method
CN107799845B (en) * 2017-10-23 2023-10-20 深圳市科列技术股份有限公司 Battery management system and battery switching matrix interlocking circuit and interlocking method thereof
CN108333408A (en) * 2017-12-07 2018-07-27 安徽贵博新能科技有限公司 A kind of electric automobile power battery group series connection total voltage Acquisition Circuit
CN108089134A (en) * 2017-12-14 2018-05-29 成都隆航科技有限公司 System of voltage acquisition based on optocoupler combination switch
CN109031061A (en) * 2018-07-10 2018-12-18 安徽贵博新能科技有限公司 A kind of electric automobile power battery group insulation detecting circuit
CN111257624A (en) * 2018-11-30 2020-06-09 上海海拉电子有限公司 High-voltage detection circuit for battery management system of electric vehicle
CN111983488A (en) * 2020-08-17 2020-11-24 一汽解放汽车有限公司 Battery management system and voltage signal processing method thereof
CN111983488B (en) * 2020-08-17 2023-01-06 一汽解放汽车有限公司 Battery management system and voltage signal processing method thereof

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