CN201920702U - Mydriasis-free digital fundus camera and corresponding pupil positioning system - Google Patents
Mydriasis-free digital fundus camera and corresponding pupil positioning system Download PDFInfo
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- CN201920702U CN201920702U CN2011200016463U CN201120001646U CN201920702U CN 201920702 U CN201920702 U CN 201920702U CN 2011200016463 U CN2011200016463 U CN 2011200016463U CN 201120001646 U CN201120001646 U CN 201120001646U CN 201920702 U CN201920702 U CN 201920702U
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Abstract
The utility model provides a mydriasis-free digital fundus camera which comprises an imaging optical component and a lighting optical component, wherein the imaging optical component is arranged with pupils in a conjugate way, and the lighting optical component is vertical to an imaging light path. A front semi-passing semi-reflecting lens placed in 45 degrees is additionally arranged between an imaging eyepiece and the pupils of the imaging optical component. The utility model also provides a pupil positioning system corresponding to the mydriasis-free digital fundus camera, two cameras respectively positioned at the left and the right of a lighting eyepiece aim at the pupils with the same included angle to accurately position the pupils. The mydriasis-free digital fundus camera and the pupil positioning system can separate the lighting light path from the imaging light path by additionally arranging the front semi-passing semi-reflecting lens under the condition that the pupils are accurately positioned, thereby avoiding the reflecting of the imaging eyepiece to obtain a more accurate retinal image.
Description
Technical field
This utility model relates to a kind of optical system, specifically is a kind of mydriasis numeral fundus camera and pupil navigation system correspondingly exempted from.
Background technology
Common fundus camera configuration such as Fig. 4.During work, key lighting 10 filaments project on the pupil 3 of human eye 17 through condenser lens 14, pin hole reflecting mirror 27, imaging eyeglass 6; Amphiblestroid picture also is through imaging eyeglass 6, is imaged onto on the imaging CCD26 by pin hole 2 and focusing lens 19.In this structure, illumination light and fundus imaging light are all by imaging eyeglass 6.Because during the glass air interface of illumination light process imaging eyeglass 6, can produce reflection, reflectance is (technology that depends on plated film) between 0.3% to 0.7%.This reflected light can form ghost image on imaging CCD 26, disturb the imaging on optical fundus on the imaging CCD 26, even might flood normal fundus imaging fully by ghost image.Usually the method that overcomes ghost image is: 1) plating anti-reflection film is reduced to reflectance about 0.3%; 2) be designed to picture eyeglass 6, reflected light is converged to certain a bit, place the extinction speckle of black then at that, eliminate reflected light.In a word, the design difficulty of fundus camera is just on these imaging eyeglass 6, because it will be taken into account high image quality and eliminate catoptrical interference.At present, have only big Optical Co., Ltd of several families can make this imaging eyeglass 6 in the world, domestic also do not have a sophisticated production method.
The another one difficult point of fundus photography is how to take a picture under less pupil diameter, and usual way is the size that increases the brightness of illumination light and reduce filament.But, the materials limitations of filament the increase of light intensity and the minimizing of filament size.Enter eyes for obtaining enough illumination light, usually all use two filaments to project on the pupil 3, and two filaments have taken the area of pupil 3, as shown in Figure 1, generally, enter pupil 3 in order to throw abundant light, just the area of the area of the picture 1 of filament and pin hole 2 and between the interval three between seek a balance.Give the area of picture 1 of filament big more, it is big more to throw the light intensity that enters pupil 3; The area of arranging for pin hole 2 is big more, and the imaging of recovery is strong more; 2 interval of the picture 1 of filament and pin hole is big more, and the reflective scope that enters imaging optical path of avoiding that cornea produces is just big more, uses just convenient.
Certainly, under the situation of mydriasis, pupil 3 is enough big, such as 4.0mm, this equilibrium ratio is easier to reach.And for the situation of mydriasis not, pupil diameter is 3.0 between 4.0 the time, realizes then unusual difficulty of above-mentioned target.In fact the mydriasis fundus camera of exempting from the existing market all requires pupil diameter more than 3.7mm.
Summary of the invention
The defective that this utility model exists at above-mentioned prior art, be intended to propose a kind of mydriasis numeral fundus camera and pupil navigation system exempted from, can accurately carry out the pupil location, and add the mode of reflecting mirror by employing, illumination path and image light path are separated, thereby avoided the reflection of eyeglass, to obtain accurate more eye fundus image.
In order to realize above-mentioned utility model purpose, the technical scheme that this utility model is taked is, a kind of mydriasis numeral fundus camera of exempting from, comprise the image optics assembly that is provided with the pupil conjugation and with the vertically disposed light optics assembly of imaging optical path; Be equipped with the preceding semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens that is 45 degree placements between imaging eyeglass in described image optics assembly and the pupil, and the illumination eyeglass that are somebody's turn to do in preceding semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens and the light optics tuple are 45 degree; Described imaging eyeglass tailing edge imaging optical path is disposed with pin hole, focusing lens and imaging CCD; Described illumination eyeglass tailing edge illumination path is disposed with diaphragm, illumination condenser lens and is the saturating as seen reflecting piece of reflective infrared that 45 degree are provided with; Described reflecting piece one is sidelong and is equipped with infrared illumination, and opposite side is placed with shutter and key lighting.
As preferred version, for satisfy that described fundus camera requires the retina image-forming angle and the fundus camera fuselage to the required distance of pupil, the diameter of retina image-forming angle, imaging eyeglass and imaging eyeglass satisfy following formula to the distance of pupil:
tan(a/2)=(d/2)/h
Wherein a represents the retina image-forming angle, and d is expressed as picture eyeglass diameter, and h is expressed as the picture eyeglass apart from interpupillary distance.
Exempt under the mydriasis situation in order to be implemented in, improve the projection efficiency of illumination light, illumination light is effectively projected the optical fundus by microcoria, overcome the reflective of pupil 3 in bigger scope, the filament of described key lighting adopts monolateral light-emitting filament, and it is distributed in the different hemisphere of cornea with respect to the image space of cornea and described pin hole with respect to the image space of cornea.
Simultaneously, in order to realize pupil and the high accuracy collimation of exempting from the mydriasis fundus camera, this utility model has also proposed a kind of above-mentioned pupil navigation system of exempting from mydriasis numeral fundus camera that is used for, comprise two photographic head that lay respectively at position, the imaging eyeglass left and right sides, described two photographic head are identical angle and aim at pupil; Described two signal at output end of camera insert video combining circuit in the lump, and the signal output part of this video combining circuit is connected with video-frequency monitor.
Mydriasis numeral fundus camera and the pupil navigation system exempted from described in the utility model, can accurately carry out under the localized prerequisite of pupil, add the mode of reflecting mirror by employing, illumination path and image light path are separated, thereby avoided the reflection of imaging eyeglass, to obtain accurate more eye fundus image.
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, design principle and the work process of exempting from mydriasis numeral fundus camera and pupil navigation system described in the utility model is described in detail.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the collimation pattern diagram of filament in the prior art, pin hole and pupil;
Fig. 2 is the collimation pattern diagram of filament in this utility model, pin hole and pupil;
Fig. 3 is the pupil navigation system sketch map based on double vision frequency photographic head described in the utility model;
Fig. 4 is common fundus camera configuration sketch map;
Fig. 5 is under the different situations, the pupil sketch map that shows on the video-frequency monitor;
Wherein Fig. 5 (a) is the demonstration sketch map of front and back position when incorrect;
Demonstration sketch map when wherein Fig. 5 (b) is left and right sides malposition;
Wherein Fig. 5 (c) is the demonstration sketch map of upper-lower position when incorrect;
Wherein Fig. 5 (d) is the demonstration sketch map of pupil position when correct;
Fig. 6 is the described overall structure figure that exempts from mydriasis numeral fundus camera of embodiment;
Fig. 7 exempts from mydriasis numeral fundus camera optimum size sketch map.
Wherein:
The picture of 1-filament; The 2-pin hole; The 3-pupil; 4-cornea and air interface; The 5-photographic head; 6-imaging eyeglass; The 7-video combining circuit; The 8-video-frequency monitor; The anterior distance of 9-camera to pupil; The 10-key lighting; The 11-shutter; The reflecting piece of the saturating visible reflective infrared of 12-; The illumination of 13-near-infrared; The 14-condenser lens; The 15-diaphragm; The 16-eyeglass that throw light on; The 17-human eye; Semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens before the 18-; The 19-focusing lens; 20-synchronous-focusing reflective central mirror; 21-synchronous-focusing lens; 22-synchronous-focusing illuminator group; The 23-Visual chart lamp box for testing eyesight; The 24-visual acuity chart; 25-visual acuity chart mirror; 26-imaging CCD; 27-pin hole illuminator; The 28-nose; The 29-forehead; The 30-illumination light; 31-no-reflection scope; 32-fundus imaging light.
The specific embodiment
As shown in Figure 6, present embodiment provides exempt from mydriasis numeral fundus camera comprise the image optics assembly that is provided with the pupil conjugation and with the vertically disposed light optics assembly of imaging optical path; Between the imaging eyeglass 6 and pupil 3 in described image optics assembly, be equipped with the preceding semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens 18 that is 45 degree placements, and the illumination eyeglass 16 that are somebody's turn to do in preceding semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens 18 and the light optics tuple are 45 degree; Described imaging eyeglass 6 tailing edge imaging optical paths are disposed with pin hole 2, focusing lens 19 and imaging CCD26; Described illumination eyeglass 16 tailing edge illumination paths are disposed with diaphragm 15, condenser lens 14 and are the saturating as seen reflecting piece 12 of reflective infrared that 45 degree are provided with; Described reflecting piece one is sidelong the lamp that is equipped with infrared illumination 13, and opposite side is placed with the lamp of shutter 11 and key lighting 10.
The mydriasis numeral fundus camera of exempting from based on said structure adds preceding semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens 18 before existing imaging eyeglass 6, the method that eyeglass is divided into illumination eyeglass 16 and imaging eyeglass 6 is avoided the reflective of eyeglass.Wherein throw light on eyeglass 16 and imaging eyeglass 6 adopt same battery of lens fully, both reduce cost, and are convenient to again produce.Like this, avoid the reflective of imaging eyeglass 6 fully, also greatly reduced the production difficulty and the cost of imaging eyeglass 6.But because semi-transparent mirror 18 and the illumination eyeglass 16 of partly returning before having had before the imaging eyeglass 6, this method is difficult to realize the fundus camera of wide-angle.For realizing the fundus imaging angle of 30 degree, can guarantee certain operating distance simultaneously, and don't use large-sized optical element pupil 3, this utility model is based on above-mentioned optical principle, and complex optimum draws the optimum size of fundus camera as shown in Figure 7:
Described fundus camera requires the retina image-forming angle is reached 30 degree, just should satisfy following formula to the diameter of imaging eyeglass with to the requirement of the distance of pupil 3 so:
tan(a/2)=(d/2)/h
Wherein a represents the retina image-forming angle, and d is expressed as picture eyeglass diameter, and h is expressed as the picture eyeglass apart from interpupillary distance.
Consider the height of forehead 29 and nose 28 relative pupils 3, for fear of running into forehead 29 and nose 28, the anterior distance 9 to pupil of camera should be not less than 30mm.Under the constant condition of retina image-forming angle a, imaging eyeglass diameter d is big more, and corresponding imaging eyeglass are also big more apart from interpupillary distance h.Therefore, for avoiding running into forehead 29 and nose 28, imaging eyeglass diameter is the bigger the better.But large scale optical lens cost height has also increased the size and the weight of complete machine greatly.And by gathering a large amount of somatic datas and actual test, we draw the diameter d of imaging eyeglass 6 should be at 45mm between the 55mm, and corresponding imaging eyeglass 6 should be at 70mm between the 75mm apart from interpupillary distance h.The balance that such systematic comparison is good each size relationship, thereby realized retina image-forming angle a be 30 the degree, operating distance 30mm and less photographing unit overall dimensions.In order to reduce cost, be convenient to again produce, can adopt same battery of lens fully to illumination eyeglass 16 and imaging eyeglass 6.
As shown in Figure 6, between imaging CCD 26 and focusing lens 19, be provided with the small size synchronous-focusing reflective central mirror 20 that is the miter angle setting with observation optical path; The top of described small size synchronous-focusing reflective central mirror 20 is provided with visual acuity chart mirror 25; The below is provided with synchronous-focusing lens 21 and synchronous-focusing illuminator group 22; The reflective spot that the illumination LED that is fixed on the lens barrel of the focusing lens 19 that described synchronous-focusing illuminator group 22 aligning focusing motors move illuminates.The change of the position of focusing drawtube causes moving of reflective spot; Reflective spot move through synchronous-focusing illuminator group 22 and synchronous-focusing lens 21, synchronous-focusing reflective central mirror 20 project imaging CCD26.Go up the position that corresponding focusing drawtube can be calculated in the position of the picture of reflective spot by imaging CCD26.
Exempting under the mydriasis situation, because pupil is less, how illumination light 30 effectively being projected the optical fundus by microcoria is main difficulty, present embodiment has proposed a kind of special filament and the collimation mode of pin hole 2, can improve illumination light 30
Projection efficiency also can overcome the reflective of pupil 3 in bigger scope.
Its concrete solution that adopts is: described key lighting 10 filaments adopt monolateral light-emitting filament, and it is distributed in the different hemisphere of cornea with respect to the image space of cornea and described pin hole 2 with respect to the image space of cornea.
As shown in Figure 2, this utility model is with of the prior art pair of filament, and perhaps circumferential luminous band makes single filament into, perhaps monolateral luminous zone; Simultaneously, be arranged in the different hemisphere of cornea with pin hole 2.Like this, the reflective just reflection in the opposite direction of cornea and air interface 4 has increased their spatially disjoint scope, but has also increased operator's opereating specification.No-reflection scope 31 as shown in Figure 2.This filament, pin hole 2 and the arrangement method of pupil 3 have been realized at pupil 3 during greater than 3.4mm, can obtain reliably clearly greater than the 30 eye fundus image colours of spending, and can allow the error (being not less than 5.0mm) of a relatively big pupil operating distance, thereby reduce requirement the operations of operators precision.
Simultaneously, owing to exempt from mydriasis to the collimation of camera and pupil with keep at a distance and proposed the requirement of more increasing, present embodiment has proposed with the synthetic mode of double vision frequency photographic head, for the operator provides very clear and definite collimation indication, can realize very easily that the pupil 3 and the high accuracy of camera collimate.
Its technical scheme of specifically taking is: as shown in Figure 3, based on double vision frequently the pupil navigation system of photographic head comprise two photographic head 5 that lay respectively at position, imaging eyeglass 6 left and right sides, described two photographic head 5 are identical angle and aim at pupil 3; The signal output part of described two photographic head 5 inserts video combining circuit 7 in the lump, and the signal output part of this video combining circuit 7 is connected with video-frequency monitor 8.
Principle based on above-mentioned pupil navigation system is as follows:
When use photographic head 5 provide pupil 2 positions collimate with reference to the time, relatively easy up and down, as long as pupil 2 is moved on to central authorities, particularly make a spider as the reference that collimates in video-frequency monitor 8 central authorities.Relatively difficulty is to adjust the distance of mobile phase to pupil, observe the focusing situation, and relative standard is not so clear and definite.After using dual camera 5, because photographic head 5 has formed angle with pupil 3, the error of longitudinal separation has just shown on the left and right displacement of pupil display that it also is that pupil 3 is transferred to center Screen that the adjustment of front and back just becomes, and overlapping fully.Like this
Standard is very clear and definite, adjusts also very convenient.
Usually when product is made, it is installed on the tooling platform, uses a schematic eye, the pupil 3 of regulating schematic eye is to correct collimation position, with correct operating distance, the angle of regulating photographic head 5 then makes the pupil 3 that is in the tram be in the centre of the image of two photographic head 5 simultaneously.With the two-path video signal,, stack up then, be presented at again on the video-frequency monitor 8 by video combining circuit 7.So in use, if be not on the correct position, several situations as shown in Figure 5 will appear, till adjusting to the demonstration sketch map shown in Fig. 5 (d), at this moment, two pupils are overlapped, and be positioned at central authorities, the expression pupil position is correct, can carry out fundus photography.
The reflection that mydriasis numeral fundus camera has well been avoided imaging eyeglass 6 of exempting from based on said structure makes that the eye fundus image that obtains is more clear, and control method is more simple and easy.
The above-mentioned optical fundus focusing process of exempting from mydriasis numeral fundus camera is:
In the time of need focusing, before imaging CCD 26, move into the synchronous-focusing reflective central mirror 20 of about 1/4 visual field width, as shown in Figure 6.The visible light that is positioned at the visual acuity chart of these synchronous-focusing reflective central mirror 20 tops just passes through synchronous-focusing reflective central mirror 20, pin hole 2 and imaging eyeglass 6 project on the retina, mobile focusing lens 19 just can make the experimenter see the visual acuity chart 24 that is illuminated by Visual chart lamp box for testing eyesight 23 clearly, the position of focusing lens 19 also is general optical fundus focal position so, but because the compensating action of eyes, this position is not accurately.Meanwhile, the position of a reflective spot on the focusing drawtube that moves projects the back side of this synchronous-focusing reflective central mirror 20 by two reflecting mirrors and the adjusting mirror that dwindles, thereby projects on the imaging CCD26.The position of this reflective spot imaging on imaging CCD26 is corresponding one by one with the position of focusing lens 19.
When testing eyesight, with near-infrared illumination 13 illumination optical fundus, at this moment the operator can see the optical fundus infrared image on imaging CCD 26.After visual acuity chart 24 inspection was finished, the operator can be by the focusing button, and system sends the move of focusing motor, make the focusing motor with the visual acuity chart articulation point be the center among a small circle in do scanning and move, the CCD of imaging simultaneously 26 gathers video images.After having gathered a series, this image series is shown the image of selecting optimum focusing by the algorithm and the operator of computer.If motor move with this video be synchronously, after the optimum focusing image was selected, system can turn back to the optimum focusing picture position by mobile motor accurately, gathers colored eye fundus image for next step and carries out standard
Be equipped with.
Exempting from the overall structure of mydriasis numeral fundus camera sees shown in Figure 6, video and fundus camera synchronization principles are: the reverse side that utilizes the synchronous-focusing reflective central mirror 20 shown in Fig. 6, the reflective spot that a LED is illuminated projects certain zone of imaging CCD 26 by synchronous-focusing illuminator group 22 and synchronous-focusing lens 21, synchronous-focusing reflective central mirror 20, like this, when focused in the optical fundus, 13 light illuminate zone, whole optical fundus though near-infrared throws light on, and parts of images is replaced by the reflective spot area image of synchronous-focusing reflective central mirror 20 projections in the eye fundus image.Infrared eye fundus image and reflective spot area image synthesize the ccd image of this moment.When the adjusting camera lens moves, the same moved further of reflective spot.After the optimum focusing eye fundus image is selected,, can obtain the focusing motor position of this moment according in the position of reflective spot in image.The motor position of this corresponding optimum focusing just.
Remove synchronous-focusing reflective central mirror 20, move focusing motor optimum position so far, close near-infrared illumination 13, open key lighting 10, can obtain clear eye fundus image.
Claims (4)
1. exempt from mydriasis numeral fundus camera for one kind, it is characterized in that, comprise the image optics assembly that is provided with pupil (3) conjugation and with the vertically disposed light optics assembly of imaging optical path; Be equipped with the preceding semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens (18) that is 45 degree placements between imaging eyeglass (6) in described image optics assembly and the pupil (3), and the illumination eyeglass (16) that are somebody's turn to do in preceding semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens (18) and the light optics tuple are 45 degree; Described imaging eyeglass (6) tailing edge imaging optical path is disposed with pin hole (2), focusing lens (19) and imaging CCD(26); Described illumination eyeglass (16) tailing edge illumination path is disposed with diaphragm (15), illumination condenser lens (14) and is the saturating as seen reflecting piece (12) of reflective infrared that 45 degree are provided with; Described reflecting piece (12) is sidelong and is equipped with infrared illumination (13), and opposite side is placed with shutter (11) and key lighting (10).
2. according to the described mydriasis numeral fundus camera of exempting from of claim 1, it is characterized in that the diameter of retina image-forming angle, imaging eyeglass (6) and imaging eyeglass (6) satisfy following formula to the distance of pupil (3):
tan(a/2)=(d/2)/h
Wherein a represents the retina image-forming angle, and d is expressed as picture eyeglass diameter, and h is expressed as the picture eyeglass apart from interpupillary distance.
3. according to claim 1 or the 2 described mydriasis numeral fundus cameras of exempting from, it is characterized in that, the filament of described key lighting (10) adopts monolateral light-emitting filament or luminous zone, and it is distributed in the different hemisphere of cornea with respect to the image space of cornea and described pin hole (2) with respect to the image space of cornea.
4. one kind and the described corresponding pupil navigation system of mydriasis numeral fundus camera of exempting from is characterized in that comprise two photographic head (5) that lay respectively at illumination eyeglass (16) position, the left and right sides, described two photographic head (5) are identical angle and aim at pupil (3); The signal output part of described two photographic head (5) inserts video combining circuit (7) in the lump, and the signal output part of this video combining circuit (7) is connected with video-frequency monitor (8).
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Cited By (9)
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CN103099600A (en) * | 2012-12-19 | 2013-05-15 | 苏州康捷医疗股份有限公司 | Visible fundus examination tester |
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CN103099600A (en) * | 2012-12-19 | 2013-05-15 | 苏州康捷医疗股份有限公司 | Visible fundus examination tester |
CN103099601A (en) * | 2012-12-19 | 2013-05-15 | 苏州康捷医疗股份有限公司 | Eye fundus examination camera lens |
CN103099600B (en) * | 2012-12-19 | 2015-11-11 | 苏州康捷医疗股份有限公司 | Somascope at the bottom of a kind of visual eye |
CN103099601B (en) * | 2012-12-19 | 2015-11-11 | 苏州康捷医疗股份有限公司 | A kind of examination of ocular fundus camera lens |
WO2016054743A1 (en) * | 2014-10-08 | 2016-04-14 | Annidis Corporation | Retinal fundus imaging method and apparatus |
CN106073698A (en) * | 2016-06-14 | 2016-11-09 | 江苏大学 | A kind of fundus imaging method based on Android |
CN110022756A (en) * | 2016-09-29 | 2019-07-16 | 伟伦公司 | The capture of defocus retinal images |
CN112867433A (en) * | 2018-09-28 | 2021-05-28 | 卡尔蔡司医疗技术公司 | Low cost fundus imager with integrated pupil camera for alignment assistance |
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CN110215186A (en) * | 2019-05-09 | 2019-09-10 | 南京览视医疗科技有限公司 | One kind being automatically aligned to positioning fundus camera and its working method |
CN113440098A (en) * | 2021-06-07 | 2021-09-28 | 天津市索维电子技术有限公司 | Full-automatic human eye visual inspection device and method |
CN113974552A (en) * | 2021-12-24 | 2022-01-28 | 深圳纳德光学有限公司 | Fundus feedback type optical system and equipment |
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