CN201915198U

CN201915198U - Shedding mechanism of jacquard

Info

Publication number: CN201915198U
Application number: CN2010206940766U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 高伟弟; 高若旻
Original assignee: CHANGSHU CHANGFANG TEXTILE MACHINERY Co Ltd
Current assignee: CHANGSHU CHANGFANG TEXTILE MACHINERY Co Ltd
Priority date: 2010-12-30
Filing date: 2010-12-30
Publication date: 2011-08-03
Anticipated expiration: 2020-12-30

Abstract

The utility model relates to a shedding mechanism of a jacquard, belonging to the field of textile machinery. The shedding mechanism of the jacquard comprises a stand fixed with a pair of wall boards, a main shaft fixedly provided with a pair of main shaft driving wheels, a first lifting knife plate lifting device arranged at the outer sides of the pair of wall boards, and a second lifting knife plate lifting device positioned at the inner sides of the pair of wall boards, and is characterized in that the first lifting knife plate lifting device comprises a first gear, a second gear, a first gear seat, a second gear seat, a first connecting rod, a second connecting rod and a first lifting knife arm, wherein the first gear seat is provided with a first eccentric shaft and a second eccentric shaft; the second gear seat is provided with a third eccentric shaft and a fourth eccentric shaft; the first gear is meshed with the main shaft driving wheels; the second gear is meshed with the first gear; the upper end of the first connecting rod is connected with the first eccentric shaft, and the lower end of the first connecting rod is connected with one end of the first lifting knife arm; the upper end of the second connecting rod is connected with the third eccentric shaft, and the lower end of the second connecting rod is connected with the other end of the first lifting knife arm; and the second lifting knife plate lifting device comprises a third connecting rod, a fourth connecting rod and a second lifting knife arm. Therefore, the transmission effect is guaranteed, the use cost is saved, and the work load of maintenance is reduced.

Description

The shedding mechanism of jacquard

Technical field

The utility model belongs to technical field of textile machine, is specifically related to a kind of shedding mechanism of jacquard.

Background technology

Jacquard is widely used in textile industry, combination by many covers mechanism and a series of drive connection drive two groups and griffe to move up and down alternately, the selecting mechanism and the heald that cooperate jacquard are controlled the opening of every warp, are matched in the jacquard fabric that can weave out required style on the loom.

Jacquard shedding motion in the prior art roughly is divided into two classes, and the first kind mainly contains following three kinds of versions: the one, and the conjugate cam structure; The 2nd, single bar linkage structure; The 3rd, double-stranded wheel bar linkage structure, in these three kinds of structures, first kind of structure is that conjugate cam has certain advantage, and in patent documentation, be no lack of and be seen in, as ZL03222046.8, publication number CN1186879A and CN101719525A, or the like, and these three kinds of versions are by Electronic Control.Second class is the electronically controlled shedding motion that need not of pure mechanical structure.

At above-mentioned two class jacquard shedding motions, the former has more than the speed height (rotating speed is 500r/min), output is high and can be suitable for the jacquard fabric processing of large needle number (nearly more than 10000 pins), but big because of complex structure, manufacture difficulty, cost an arm and a leg, inspection trouble and application cost height, it is supporting on high-grade shuttleless looms such as high-speed air-jet looms, water jet looms and Rapier looms only to suit.Yet in up to a million the shuttleless looms that China has at present, low owing to application cost based on the popular Rapier looms of GA74 series, superiority of effectiveness is obvious, thereby accounts for more than 50%, and is still increasing with fast speeds.If this type of loom is selected the jacquard shedding motion of the above-mentioned first kind for use, then undoubtedly can cause the waste of performance, price and resource distribution, therefore still select at present with the aforesaid second class jacquard shedding motion, promptly use the jacquard shedding motion of pure mechanical structure.Though and the jacquard shedding motion of this type of Purely mechanical has the simple relatively and low advantage of cost of structure, but efficient is low, noise is big and influence environment (noise pollution), line version make that management is loaded down with trivial details, variety renovation slow or claim dumb and fabric of low grade be its inferior position, thereby progressively be tending towards superseded.

In view of said circumstances, but the weaving industry press for a kind of and aforesaid popular Rapier looms match use, performance is suitable, structure is terse, maintenance is easy and price is low and the novel jacquard shedding motion of Electronic Control jacquard weave signal.

Chinese invention patent application publication number CN101476190A discloses a kind of chain jacquard, though this patent application scheme can reach the 1st page of capable goal of the invention of inverse 10-9 of its specification, embodies the technique effect of Instructions Page 2 the 7th to 12 row.But still have following shortcoming: the one, owing to adopt the chain transmission, it is relatively large therefore to bear load, and chain can extend because of the passing of time, influences the transmission effect; The 2nd, be not enough to embody the terse property of structure, for example except using chain, also be equipped with expansion tightening wheel etc.; The 3rd, maintenance and replacing trouble because the ABRASION RESISTANCE degree of chain is poor, need regularly or irregularly adjustment or replacing.

In view of above-mentioned prior art, the applicant has carried out good try, and technical scheme described below produces under this background.

Summary of the invention

Task of the present utility model is to provide a kind of and helps to reduce to bear load and ensure the transmission effect, helps simplified structure and uses the minimizing part count, is of value to the shedding mechanism that alleviates the inspection workload and use the jacquard of saving application cost.

Task of the present utility model is finished like this, a kind of shedding mechanism of jacquard, be included in top and be fixed with the frame of a pair of wallboard that corresponds to each other, be arranged on be used for being connected and the main shaft that be installed with a pair of spindle wheel on a pair of wallboard rotationally with the power transmission of jacquard, be arranged on the outside of a pair of wallboard and structure each other is identical each one first griffe the plate lowering or hoisting gear and the inboard that is arranged on a pair of wallboard and structure each other is identical respectively one second griffe the plate lowering or hoisting gear, be characterised in that: described first griffes the plate lowering or hoisting gear comprises first, second gear, first, second pinion stand, first, second connecting rod and first is griffed arm, first, second pinion stand is arranged on the described wallboard rotationally, and keeping parallelism in the horizontal direction each other, be provided with one first eccentric shaft at first pinion stand towards first side of griffing arm, and be provided with one second eccentric shaft towards described second side of griffing the plate lowering or hoisting gear, be provided with one the 3rd eccentric shaft at second pinion stand towards first side of griffing arm, and be provided with one the 4th eccentric shaft towards described second side of griffing the plate lowering or hoisting gear, first, second gear all is positioned at the outside of wallboard, wherein: first gear and described first pinion stand are fixed, and be meshed with described spindle wheel, second gear is fixed on second pinion stand, and with first gears engaged, the upper end of first connecting rod is connected with described first eccentric shaft, lower end and first is griffed an end of arm and is connected, the structure of second connecting rod is identical with first connecting rod, the upper end of this second connecting rod is connected with described the 3rd eccentric shaft, the lower end is connected with first other end of griffing arm, described second griffes panel assembly comprises the 3rd, the 4th connecting rod and second is griffed arm, the structure of third connecting rod and the 4th connecting rod all structure with described first connecting rod is identical, wherein: the upper end of third connecting rod is connected with described second eccentric shaft, lower end and second is griffed an end of arm and is connected, and the upper end of the 4th connecting rod is connected with described the 4th eccentric shaft, and the lower end is connected with second other end of griffing arm.

In a specific embodiment of the present utility model, described first, second eccentric shaft is 180 ° position relation each other on described first pinion stand, and described the 3rd, the 4th eccentric shaft is 180 ° position relation each other on described second pinion stand.

In another specific embodiment of the present utility model, described a pair of wallboard is provided with a pair of first guiding block of parallel longitudinal each other towards described first side of griffing arm, and described first griffes arm and a pair of first guiding block is slidingly matched; Described a pair of wallboard is provided with a pair of second guiding block of parallel longitudinal each other towards described second side of griffing arm, and described second griffes arm and a pair of second guiding block is slidingly matched.

In another specific embodiment of the present utility model, described first griffes an end of arm and be provided with one first roller towards a side pivot of described first guiding block, one of them first guiding block in this first roller and described a pair of first guiding block is slidingly matched, and first griffe the other end of arm and equally be provided with one second roller towards a side pivot of described first guiding block, and another first guiding block in this second roller and described a pair of first guiding block is slidingly matched; Described second griffes an end of arm and be provided with one the 3rd roller towards a side pivot of described second guiding block, one of them second guiding block in the 3rd roller and described a pair of second guiding block is slidingly matched, and second griffe the other end of arm and equally be provided with one the 4th roller towards a side pivot of described second guiding block, and another second guiding block in the 4th roller and described a pair of second guiding block is slidingly matched.

In another specific embodiment of the present utility model, offer one a group of the first access that is used to change described first eccentric shaft and second position of eccentric on described first pinion stand and around the Center Gap of first pinion stand, on described second pinion stand and offer a group second of being used to change described the 3rd eccentric shaft and the 4th position of eccentric around the Center Gap of second pinion stand and adjust the hole.

Also have in the specific embodiment of the present utility model, described one group of the first access and described one group of second quantity of adjusting the hole equate.

More of the present utility model and in specific embodiment, described one group of the first access and described one group of second quantity of adjusting the hole are 6-10, each spacing distance of adjusting between the hole equates.

In of the present utility model and then specific embodiment, described first connecting rod comprises first, second connecting rod head and adjusts screw rod, adjusting the upper end of screw rod and the lower end screw thread of first connecting rod head connects, the lower end of adjusting screw rod is threaded with the upper end of second connecting rod head, and be equipped with lock nut at this adjustment screw rod, the upper end of first connecting rod head is connected with described first eccentric shaft, and the lower end of second connecting rod head and described first is griffed arm and is connected.

Of the present utility model again more and in specific embodiment, the shape of cross section of described first guiding block takes the shape of the letter U, the shape of cross section of described second guiding block takes the shape of the letter U.

The technical scheme that the utility model provides is owing to done improvement to first, second structure of griffing the plate lowering or hoisting gear, and substituted the sprocket wheel in the prior art with first, second gear, thereby the load that bears is reduced, the transmission effect is ensured, and parts have been saved, simplify the structure, help saving use cost and reduce the inspection workload.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a specific embodiment structure chart of the present utility model.

Fig. 2 is the overall structure figure of first pinion stand of Fig. 1 signal.

Fig. 3 is the side view of Fig. 1.

The specific embodiment

In order to make the public can fully understand technical spirit of the present utility model and beneficial effect; the applicant will describe in detail the specific embodiment of the present utility model below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings; but the applicant is not restriction to technical scheme to the description of embodiment, anyly makes form but not the variation of essence all should be considered as protection domain of the present utility model according to the utility model design.

Ask for an interview Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, provided a frame 1, be fixed with a pair of wallboard that corresponds to each other 11 on the top of this frame 1, the structure of a pair of wallboard 11 is identical and parallel to each other, on each wallboard 11, respectively be provided with pair of bearings 113 by bearing block, and a pair of wallboard 11 separately outward a side promptly be fixed with a pair of first guiding block 111 towards following first side of be about to describing of griffing plate lowering or hoisting gear 3 separately, and a pair of wallboard 11 promptly is fixed with a pair of second guiding block 112 towards following second side of griffing plate lowering or hoisting gear 4 that is about to describe separately equally towards an interior side separately, a pair of first guiding block 111 is parallel longitudinal each other, and a pair of second guiding block 112 parallel longitudinal equally each other.By shown in Figure 1, because the shape of cross section of first, second guiding block 111,112 all takes the shape of the letter U, therefore, a pair of first guiding block 111 respectively constitutes one first roller groove 1111, and same, a pair of second guiding block 112 respectively constitutes one second roller groove 1121.

A main shaft 2 that is used for being connected with the power transmission of jacquard (the industry custom claims loom) is arranged on a pair of wallboard 11 rotationally, an and side of a pair of partially wallboard 11, on this main shaft 2, be fixed with a pair of spindle wheel 21, this is used for first griffing plate lowering or hoisting gear 3 and being in transmission connection with a pair of first one of them of griffing plate lowering or hoisting gear 3 to one of them spindle wheel 21 in the spindle wheel 21, and another spindle wheel 21 is used for first griffing plate lowering or hoisting gear 3 and being in transmission connection with another.

Because a pair of first structure of griffing plate lowering or hoisting gear 3 is identical, therefore the applicant selects one and does detailed explanation below, promptly griffing plate lowering or hoisting gear 3 at first on the wallboard 11 in the left side that is arranged on location status shown in Figure 1 describes in detail, preferably but not definitely be limited to first griffe plate lowering or hoisting gear 3 and comprise: first,

second gear

31,32, first, second pinion stand 33,34, first, second connecting rod 35,36 and first griffes arm 37, a pair of first, second pinion stand 33,34 match with aforesaid bearing 113 in the same manner, that is to say to be arranged on rotationally on the bearing 113.Show by Fig. 2, also promptly be fixed with one first eccentric shaft 331 in first pinion stand 33 side outward towards first side of griffing arm 37, and it is 6 to 10 the first access 333 that the center that centers on first pinion stand 33 offers one group of quantity with the circumferencial direction equidistant intervals, by changing first position of eccentric shaft 331 on the first access 333, the opening of heald frame is changed, to satisfy adjustment requirement to different pattern fabrics, the opposite side of first pinion stand 33 promptly is fixed with one second eccentric shaft 332 equally towards second side of griffing plate lowering or hoisting gear 4, this second eccentric shaft 332 and first eccentric shaft 331 apart 180 °, promptly both form angular dependence or claim both symmetry.Second pinion stand 34 side outward also promptly is fixed with one the 3rd eccentric shaft 341 towards first side of griffing arm 37, and it is 6 to 10 second adjustment holes 343 that the center that centers on second pinion stand 34 offers one group of quantity with the circumferencial direction equidistant intervals, second adjusts the effect in hole 343 as the description to the first access 333, the opposite side of second pinion stand 34 promptly is fixed with one the 4th eccentric shaft 342 equally towards second side of griffing plate lowering or hoisting gear 4, apart 180 ° or claim both symmetry of the 4th eccentric shaft 342 and the 3rd eccentric shaft 341, promptly both form angular dependence.First gear 31 is nested with on first pinion stand 33 and with screw 311 and fixes.Second gear 32 is nested with to be fixed second gear 32 until the fixing hole 344 that screw-in defaults on second pinion stand 34 reliably through the screw hole 321 that is preset on second gear 32 on second pinion stand 34 and with hold-down screw 3211 with second pinion stand 34.The upper end of first connecting rod 35 is connected with aforesaid first eccentric shaft 331, and lower end and first is griffed an end of arm 37 and is connected, and the upper end of second connecting rod 36 is connected with the 3rd eccentric shaft 341, and the lower end is connected with first other end of griffing arm 37.

By structure shown in Figure 1 as can be known, second connecting rod 36 is identical with first connecting rod 35, first connecting rod 35 comprises first, second connecting rod head 351,353 and adjust screw rod 352, the upper end of first connecting rod head 351 constitutes a connecting hole 3511, connecting hole 3511 is placed on first eccentric shaft 331, and limit with gland 3512 and gland screw 3513, specifically be that the hole of gland screw 3513 on gland 3512 screwed in the hole on the end face be opened in first eccentric shaft 331, the lower end of first connecting rod head 351 is threaded with the upper end of adjusting screw rod 352, and the lower end of adjusting screw rod 352 is threaded with the upper end of second connecting rod head 353, and the lower end of second connecting rod head 353 is hinged on first and griffes on the arm 37.Be equipped with one group of (being illustrated as 2) lock nut 3521 on the aforesaid adjustment screw rod 352, between two lock nut 3521 is to adjust nut.

By shown in Figure 1, griffe arm 37 first and be provided with one first roller 371 towards an end pivoting of the side of aforesaid first guiding block 111, other end pivot is provided with one second roller 372, and first roller groove 1111 of first, second roller 371,372 and aforesaid a pair of first guiding block 111 is slidingly matched.

Continue to see Fig. 1, show each second of the inboard (an aspectant side of a pair of wallboard 11) that is arranged on a pair of wallboard 11 and griffe plate lowering or hoisting gear 4, because a pair of second structure of griffing plate lowering or hoisting gear 4 is identical, therefore the applicant selects to be configured on the wallboard 11 on the right of location status shown in Figure 1 one second and griffes plate lowering or hoisting gear 4 and do following detailed description: preferred second griffes plate lowering or hoisting gear 4 comprises the 3rd, the 4th connecting

rod

41,42 and second griffes arm 43, the 3rd, the 4th connecting

rod

41,42 structure is mutually the same, and it is identical with the structure of first connecting rod 35, the upper end of third connecting rod 41 is connected with aforesaid second eccentric shaft 332, lower end and second is griffed an end of arm 43 and is connected, the upper end of the 4th connecting rod 42 is connected with aforesaid the 4th eccentric shaft 342, and the lower end is connected with second other end of griffing arm 43.Griffe arm 43 second and be provided with one the 3rd roller 431 and one the 4th roller 432 towards a side of aforesaid a pair of second guiding block 112 and at the correspondence position pivot, second roller groove 1121 of wherein one second guiding block 112 in the 3rd roller 431 and a pair of second guiding block 112 is slidingly matched, and second roller groove 1121 of another second guiding block 112 in the 4th roller 432 and a pair of second guiding block 112 is slidingly matched.

By Fig. 1 and shown in Figure 3, a pair of first griffe first of plate lowering or hoisting gear 3 griffe arm 37 length direction the bottom each be provided with one group first with interval state pivot and griffe bar 373, and a pair of second griffe second of plate lowering or hoisting gear 4 griffe the bottom of length direction of arm 43 same each be provided with one group second with interval state pivot and griffe bar 423.A pair of first griffe to fix between the bar 373 one piece first and griffe plate 3731 in each that corresponds to each other, a pair of second griffe to fix between the bar 433 one piece second and griffe plate 4331 in each that corresponds to each other.So, by present embodiment is example, first,

second griffes plate

3731,4331 respectively seven, first, second griffes plate 3731,4331 (the industry custom claims first, second to griffe) by the upper and lower motion of electromagnetic valve component drive heald, thereby the warp that is located in the heald is moved up and down, realize the final purpose of warp (warp thread) opening.

When jacquard is main shaft 2 motions of the power of the loom shedding mechanism that drives the utility model jacquard, drive a pair of first a pair of first gear 31 of griffing plate lowering or hoisting gear 3 synchronously by the wheel of a pair of spindle on the main shaft 2 21, and, because second gear 32 is meshed with first gear 31, therefore first,

second gear

31,32 all moves, and drives first, second pinion stand 33,34 motions.Because first, second eccentric shaft 331,332 on first pinion stand 33 is 180 ° of intervals each other, and the 3rd, the 4th eccentric shaft 341, the 342 same 180 ° of intervals on second pinion stand 34, griffe arm 37 and second and griffe second of plate lowering or hoisting gear 4 and griffe arm 34 and form the movement relation of alternatively up and down thereby first griffes first of plate lowering or hoisting gear 3, and then make first,

second griffe plate

3731,4331 to produce up-down alternative motions, realize applicant's final purpose of described shedding in the above.

The applicant need to prove: exchange if first, second is griffed the position of plate lowering or hoisting gear 3,4 on wallboard 11, should be considered as the disclosed technology contents category of the utility model so.

Claims

1. the shedding mechanism of a jacquard, be included in top and be fixed with the frame (1) of a pair of wallboard that corresponds to each other (11), be arranged on be used for being connected and the main shaft (2) that be installed with a pair of spindle wheel (21) on a pair of wallboard (11) rotationally with the power transmission of jacquard, be arranged on the outside of a pair of wallboard (11) and structure each other is identical each one first griffe plate lowering or hoisting gear (3) and be arranged on the inboard of a pair of wallboard (11) and structure each other is identical respectively one second griffe plate lowering or hoisting gear (4), it is characterized in that: described first griffes plate lowering or hoisting gear (3) comprises first, second gear (31,32), first, second pinion stand (33,34), first, second connecting rod (35,36) and first griffe arm (37), first, second pinion stand (33,34) be arranged on rotationally on the described wallboard (11), and keeping parallelism in the horizontal direction each other, be provided with one first eccentric shaft (331) at first pinion stand (33) towards first side of griffing arm (37), and be provided with one second eccentric shaft (332) towards described second side of griffing plate lowering or hoisting gear (4), be provided with one the 3rd eccentric shaft (341) at second pinion stand (34) towards first side of griffing arm (37), and be provided with one the 4th eccentric shaft (342) towards described second side of griffing plate lowering or hoisting gear (4), first, second gear (31,32) all be positioned at the outside of wallboard (11), wherein: first gear (31) is fixing with described first pinion stand (33), and be meshed with described spindle wheel (21), second gear (32) is fixed on second pinion stand (34), and mesh with first gear (31), the upper end of first connecting rod (35) is connected with described first eccentric shaft (331), lower end and first is griffed an end of arm (37) and is connected, the structure of second connecting rod (36) is identical with first connecting rod (35), the upper end of this second connecting rod (36) is connected with described the 3rd eccentric shaft (341), lower end and first is griffed the other end of arm (37) and is connected, described second griffes panel assembly (4) comprises the 3rd, the 4th connecting rod (41,42) and second griffe arm (43), the structure of third connecting rod (41) and the 4th connecting rod (42) all structure with described first connecting rod (35) is identical, wherein: the upper end of third connecting rod (41) is connected with described second eccentric shaft (332), lower end and second is griffed an end of arm (43) and is connected, and the upper end of the 4th connecting rod (42) is connected with described the 4th eccentric shaft (342), and lower end and second is griffed the other end of arm (43) and is connected.

2. the shedding mechanism of jacquard according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described first, second eccentric shaft (331,332) is 180 ° position relation each other on described first pinion stand (33), and described the 3rd, the 4th eccentric shaft (341,342) is 180 ° position relation each other on described second pinion stand (34).

3. the shedding mechanism of jacquard according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described a pair of wallboard (11) is provided with a pair of first guiding block (111) of parallel longitudinal each other towards described first side of griffing arm (37), described first griffes arm (37) and a pair of first guiding block (111) is slidingly matched; Described a pair of wallboard (11) is provided with a pair of second guiding block (112) of parallel longitudinal each other towards described second side of griffing arm (43), and described second griffes arm (43) and a pair of second guiding block (112) is slidingly matched.

4. the shedding mechanism of jacquard according to claim 3, it is characterized in that described first griffes an end of arm (37) and be provided with one first roller (371) towards a side pivot of described first guiding block (111), one of them first guiding block (111) in this first roller (371) and described a pair of first guiding block (111) is slidingly matched, and first griffe the other end of arm (37) and be provided with one second roller (372) towards a side pivot of described first guiding block (111) equally, and this second roller (372) is slidingly matched with another first guiding block (111) in described a pair of first guiding block (111); Described second griffes an end of arm (43) and be provided with one the 3rd roller (431) towards a side pivot of described second guiding block (112), one of them second guiding block (112) in the 3rd roller (431) and described a pair of second guiding block (112) is slidingly matched, and second griffe the other end of arm (43) and be provided with one the 4th roller (342) towards a side pivot of described second guiding block (112) equally, and the 4th roller (342) is slidingly matched with another second guiding block (112) in described a pair of second guiding block (112).

5. the shedding mechanism of jacquard according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described first pinion stand (33) is gone up and offer one a group of the first access (333) that is used to change the position of described first eccentric shaft (331) and second eccentric shaft (332) that one group of second adjustment hole (343) of the position that is used to change described the 3rd eccentric shaft (341) and the 4th eccentric shaft (342) gone up and offered around the Center Gap of second pinion stand (34) to described second pinion stand (34) around the Center Gap of first pinion stand (33).

6. the shedding mechanism of jacquard according to claim 5 is characterized in that described one group of the first access (333) and described one group of second quantity of adjusting hole (343) equate.

7. according to the shedding mechanism of claim 5 or 6 described jacquards, it is characterized in that described one group of the first access (333) and described one group of second quantity of adjusting hole (343) are 6-10, each spacing distance of adjusting between the hole equates.

8. the shedding mechanism of jacquard according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described first connecting rod (35) comprises first, second connecting rod head (351,353) and adjust screw rod (352), adjusting the upper end of screw rod (352) and the lower end screw thread of first connecting rod head (351) connects, the lower end of adjusting screw rod (352) is threaded with the upper end of second connecting rod head (353), and be equipped with lock nut (3521) at this adjustment screw rod (352), the upper end of first connecting rod head (351) is connected with described first eccentric shaft (331), and the lower end of second connecting rod head (353) and described first is griffed arm (37) and is connected.

9. the shedding mechanism of jacquard according to claim 4 is characterized in that the shape of cross section of described first guiding block (111) takes the shape of the letter U, and the shape of cross section of described second guiding block (112) takes the shape of the letter U.