CN201914937U - Seawater desalination system with multilevel heat exchanges - Google Patents
Seawater desalination system with multilevel heat exchanges Download PDFInfo
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- CN201914937U CN201914937U CN2010206914920U CN201020691492U CN201914937U CN 201914937 U CN201914937 U CN 201914937U CN 2010206914920 U CN2010206914920 U CN 2010206914920U CN 201020691492 U CN201020691492 U CN 201020691492U CN 201914937 U CN201914937 U CN 201914937U
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- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 100
- 238000010612 desalination reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 89
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000002915 spent fuel radioactive waste Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000011033 desalting Methods 0.000 claims 9
- 230000001351 cycling effect Effects 0.000 claims 5
- 239000006200 vaporizer Substances 0.000 claims 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 description 3
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 238000001223 reverse osmosis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000008400 supply water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007701 flash-distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001256 steam distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/124—Water desalination
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Abstract
一种多级换热的海水淡化系统，包括低温多效蒸馏海水淡化装置、海水补给水泵、淡化产品水泵和浓海水排放泵，还包括常压池式低温核供热反应堆、一级换热器和水泵一构成的独立的水泵一流体循环单元，一级换热器、二级换热器和水泵二构成的独立的水泵二流体循环单元，二级换热器、蒸发器和水泵三构成独立的水泵三流体循环单元，蒸发器与低温多效蒸馏海水淡化装置连接，低温多效蒸馏海水淡化装置的冷却水出口与水泵二的入口连接。其有益效果是：使用核电站的乏燃料，不但节约昂贵的核废料处置费用，而且变废为宝，使制水成本大幅度降低，具备了大规模市场推广的条件。核反应堆安全可靠，并设置了三道实体屏蔽，确保淡化产品水不会受到核污染或核辐射。
A multi-stage heat exchange seawater desalination system, including a low-temperature multi-effect distillation seawater desalination device, a seawater supply pump, a desalination product water pump, and a concentrated seawater discharge pump, also includes an atmospheric pool type low-temperature nuclear heating reactor, and a primary heat exchanger An independent water pump-fluid circulation unit composed of water pump one, an independent water pump two fluid circulation unit composed of a primary heat exchanger, a secondary heat exchanger and a water pump two, and an independent water pump two fluid circulation unit composed of a secondary heat exchanger, an evaporator and a water pump The three-fluid circulation unit of the water pump, the evaporator is connected with the low-temperature multi-effect distillation seawater desalination device, and the cooling water outlet of the low-temperature multi-effect distillation seawater desalination device is connected with the inlet of the water pump two. Its beneficial effect is: the use of spent fuel from nuclear power plants not only saves expensive nuclear waste disposal costs, but also turns waste into wealth, greatly reduces the cost of water production, and meets the conditions for large-scale market promotion. The nuclear reactor is safe and reliable, and three physical shields are set up to ensure that the desalinated product water will not be subject to nuclear pollution or nuclear radiation.
Description
技术领域technical field
本实用新型属于海水淡化技术领域，涉及蒸馏法海水淡化技术。The utility model belongs to the technical field of desalination of seawater, and relates to the desalination technology of seawater by distillation.
背景技术Background technique
海水淡化是指从海水中获取淡水的技术和过程，通过脱除海水中的大部分盐类，使处理后的海水达到生活和生产用水标准的水处理技术，是解决全球淡水资源匮乏的重要途径之一。至今海水淡化技术出现了数十种，但达到商业规模的主要有反渗透法和蒸馏法，蒸馏淡化技术又分为多级闪蒸、多效蒸馏和压汽蒸馏三种。从生产淡水的技术来说，这些方法都是成熟的，然而海水淡化是个耗能的过程，如反渗透法主要是消耗电能，蒸馏法消耗的是蒸汽和电能。制水成本高一直是制约海水淡化快速发展的关键因素。Seawater desalination refers to the technology and process of obtaining fresh water from seawater. By removing most of the salts in seawater, the water treatment technology that makes the treated seawater meet the domestic and production water standards is an important way to solve the global shortage of freshwater resources. one. Dozens of seawater desalination technologies have appeared so far, but the main ones that have reached commercial scale are reverse osmosis and distillation. Distillation and desalination technologies are divided into three types: multi-stage flash distillation, multi-effect distillation and pressure steam distillation. From the perspective of fresh water production technology, these methods are mature. However, seawater desalination is an energy-consuming process. For example, reverse osmosis mainly consumes electric energy, and distillation consumes steam and electric energy. The high cost of water production has always been the key factor restricting the rapid development of seawater desalination.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本实用新型的目的在于提供一种新的海水淡化系统，改善现有技术制水成本过高的不足。The purpose of the utility model is to provide a new seawater desalination system to improve the problem of high water production cost in the prior art.
本实用新型所采用的技术方案是：一种多级换热的海水淡化系统，包括低温多效蒸馏海水淡化装置、海水补给水泵、淡化产品水泵和浓海水排放泵，低温多效蒸馏海水淡化装置的海水补给口与海水补给水泵连接，低温多效蒸馏海水淡化装置的淡化产品出口与淡化产品水泵连接，低温多效蒸馏海水淡化装置的浓海水排放口与浓海水排放泵连接，其特征在于所述多级换热的海水淡化系统还包括常压池式低温核供热反应堆、水泵一、一级换热器、水泵二、二级换热器、水泵三和蒸发器，常压池式低温核供热反应堆和一级换热器的热端由水泵一通过进出水通道连接，构成独立的水泵一流体循环单元，一级换热器的冷端和二级换热器的热端由水泵二通过进出水通道连接，构成独立的水泵二流体循环单元，二级换热器的冷端和蒸发器之间由水泵三通过进出水通道连接，构成独立的水泵三流体循环单元，蒸发器的蒸汽出口与低温多效蒸馏海水淡化装置的蒸汽入口连接，蒸发器的排放口与低温多效蒸馏海水淡化装置的浓海水排放口连接，低温多效蒸馏海水淡化装置的冷却水出口与水泵二的入口连接。The technical scheme adopted by the utility model is: a multi-stage heat exchange seawater desalination system, including a low-temperature multi-effect distillation seawater desalination device, a seawater supply pump, a desalination product water pump and a concentrated seawater discharge pump, and a low-temperature multi-effect distillation seawater desalination device The seawater supply port of the low-temperature multi-effect distillation seawater desalination device is connected to the seawater supply pump, the desalinated product outlet of the low-temperature multi-effect distillation seawater desalination device is connected to the desalination product water pump, and the concentrated seawater discharge port of the low-temperature multi-effect distillation seawater desalination device is connected to the concentrated seawater discharge pump, which is characterized in that The multi-stage heat exchange seawater desalination system also includes atmospheric pool low temperature nuclear heating reactor, water pump 1, primary heat exchanger, water pump 2, secondary heat exchanger, water pump 3 and evaporator, atmospheric pool low temperature The hot end of the nuclear heating reactor and the primary heat exchanger is connected by the water pump through the water inlet and outlet channels to form an independent water pump-fluid circulation unit. The cold end of the primary heat exchanger and the hot end of the secondary heat exchanger are connected by the water pump two Connected through the water inlet and outlet channels to form an independent water pump two-fluid circulation unit, the cold end of the secondary heat exchanger and the evaporator are connected by the water pump three through the water inlet and outlet channels to form an independent water pump three-fluid circulation unit, the steam of the evaporator The outlet is connected to the steam inlet of the low-temperature multi-effect distillation seawater desalination device, the discharge port of the evaporator is connected to the concentrated seawater discharge port of the low-temperature multi-effect distillation seawater desalination device, the cooling water outlet of the low-temperature multi-effect distillation seawater desalination device is connected to the inlet of the water pump 2 connect.
本实用新型所述的一种多级换热的海水淡化系统，其特征在于所述常压池式低温核供热反应堆的燃料是核电站的乏燃料。The multi-stage heat exchange seawater desalination system described in the utility model is characterized in that the fuel of the atmospheric pool type low-temperature nuclear heating reactor is the spent fuel of a nuclear power plant.
本实用新型所述的一种多级换热的海水淡化系统，其特征在于所述水泵二流体循环单元的运行压力是水泵一流体循环单元运行压力的1.1-1.8倍。The multi-stage heat exchange seawater desalination system described in the utility model is characterized in that the operating pressure of the pump-two fluid circulation unit is 1.1-1.8 times the operating pressure of the water pump-fluid circulation unit.
本实用新型所述的一种多级换热的海水淡化系统，其特征在于所述低温多效蒸馏海水淡化装置为盐水的最高蒸发温度介于55～70℃的低温多效蒸馏海水淡化装置。A multi-stage heat exchange seawater desalination system described in the utility model is characterized in that the low-temperature multi-effect distillation seawater desalination device is a low-temperature multi-effect distillation seawater desalination device with a maximum evaporation temperature of brine between 55°C and 70°C.
本实用新型的工作原理是：常压池式低温核供热反应堆使用核电站的乏燃料产生热能，通过一级换热器和二级换热器的热交换使水泵三流体循环单元的水到蒸发器蒸发，为低温多效蒸馏海水淡化装置提供满足使用要求的55～70℃左右的蒸汽，预处理合格的海水通过海水补给水泵加入低温多效蒸馏海水淡化装置，蒸汽和海水补给水在海水淡化装置中通过多次冷凝和蒸发过程，产生的淡水通过淡化产品水泵输送，而产生的浓海水则通过浓海水排放泵排放。The working principle of the utility model is: the normal-pressure pool-type low-temperature nuclear heating reactor uses the spent fuel of the nuclear power plant to generate heat energy, and the water in the three-fluid circulation unit of the water pump is evaporated through the heat exchange between the primary heat exchanger and the secondary heat exchanger Evaporation of low-temperature multi-effect distillation seawater desalination device provides steam at about 55-70 °C that meets the requirements of use. The pre-treated seawater is fed into the low-temperature multi-effect distillation seawater desalination device through the seawater supply pump, and steam and seawater supply water are desalinated in seawater Through multiple condensation and evaporation processes in the device, the fresh water produced is transported by the desalinated product water pump, and the concentrated seawater produced is discharged through the concentrated seawater discharge pump.
本实用新型的有益效果是：本实用新型的海水淡化系统使用核电站的乏燃料为燃料产生热能，不但节约昂贵的核废料处置费用，而且变废为宝，使海水淡化系统的制水成本大幅度降低，海水淡化系统的吨水成本可控制在2.5元以下，使本实用新型海水淡化系统具备了大规模市场推广的条件，从而缓解淡水资源紧缺的局面。核反应堆为常压池式低温核供热反应堆，是全球公认最安全可靠的核反应堆形式。在核反应堆和海水淡化装置之间设置了一级换热器、二级换热器和蒸发器三道实体屏蔽，并且水泵二流体循环单元的运行压力高于水泵一流体循环单元的运行压力，确保了在任何情况下淡化产品水不会受到核污染或核辐射，具备最高的安全性。低温多效海水淡化装置为盐水的最高蒸发温度介于55～70℃的低温多效海水淡化装置，可以确保使用核电站乏燃料即可达到系统热值要求。The beneficial effects of the utility model are: the seawater desalination system of the utility model uses the spent fuel of the nuclear power plant as fuel to generate heat energy, which not only saves expensive nuclear waste disposal costs, but also turns waste into treasure, greatly reducing the water production cost of the seawater desalination system Reduce, the cost per ton of water of the seawater desalination system can be controlled below 2.5 yuan, so that the utility model seawater desalination system has the conditions for large-scale market promotion, thereby alleviating the situation of shortage of freshwater resources. The nuclear reactor is an atmospheric pool low-temperature nuclear heating reactor, which is recognized as the safest and most reliable form of nuclear reactor in the world. Between the nuclear reactor and the seawater desalination device, three physical shields of the primary heat exchanger, the secondary heat exchanger and the evaporator are set, and the operating pressure of the water pump second fluid circulation unit is higher than that of the water pump first fluid circulation unit, ensuring In any case, the desalinated product water will not be subject to nuclear pollution or radiation, and has the highest safety. The low-temperature multi-effect seawater desalination device is a low-temperature multi-effect seawater desalination device with a maximum evaporation temperature of brine between 55 and 70°C, which can ensure that the system calorific value requirements can be met by using nuclear power plant spent fuel.
附图说明Description of drawings
本实用新型有一幅附图，The utility model has a drawing,
图1是本实用新型海水淡化系统的的原理框图。Fig. 1 is a functional block diagram of the seawater desalination system of the present invention.
图中：1、常压池式低温核供热反应堆，2、水泵一，3、一级换热器，4、水泵二，5、二级换热器，6、水泵三，7、蒸发器，8、低温多效蒸馏海水淡化装置，9、海水补给水泵，10、淡化产品水泵，11、浓海水排放泵。In the figure: 1. Atmospheric pool type low-temperature nuclear heating reactor, 2. Water pump 1, 3. Primary heat exchanger, 4. Water pump 2, 5. Secondary heat exchanger, 6. Water pump 3, 7. Evaporator , 8. Low-temperature multi-effect distillation seawater desalination device, 9. Seawater supply pump, 10. Desalination product pump, 11. Concentrated seawater discharge pump.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合附图和实施例对本实用新型进一步说明。 实施例包括盐水的最高蒸发温度介于55～70℃的低温多效蒸馏海水淡化装置8、海水补给水泵9、淡化产品水泵10和浓海水排放泵11，还包括以核电站的乏燃料为燃料的常压池式低温核供热反应堆1、水泵一2、一级换热器3、水泵二4、二级换热器5、水泵三6和蒸发器7，低温多效蒸馏海水淡化装置8的海水补给口与海水补给水泵9连接，低温多效蒸馏海水淡化装置8的淡化产品出口与淡化产品水泵10连接，低温多效蒸馏海水淡化装置8的浓海水排放口与浓海水排放泵11连接，常压池式低温核供热反应堆1和一级换热器3之间由水泵一2通过进出水通道连接，构成独立的水泵一流体循环单元，一级换热器3和二级换热器5之间由水泵二4通过进出水通道连接，构成独立的水泵二流体循环单元，水泵二4流体循环单元的运行压力是水泵一2流体循环单元运行压力的1.1-1.8倍。二级换热器5和蒸发器7之间由水泵三6通过进出水通道连接，构成独立的水泵三流体循环单元，蒸发器7的蒸汽出口与低温多效蒸馏海水淡化装置8的蒸汽入口连接，蒸发器7的排放口与低温多效蒸馏海水淡化装置8的浓海水排放口连接，低温多效蒸馏海水淡化装置8的冷却水出口与水泵二4的入口连接。Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the utility model is further described. The embodiment includes a low-temperature multi-effect distillation seawater desalination device 8 with a maximum evaporation temperature of brine between 55°C and 70°C, a seawater makeup water pump 9, a desalination product water pump 10, and a concentrated seawater discharge pump 11, and also includes spent fuel from nuclear power plants as fuel. Atmospheric pool type low temperature nuclear heating reactor 1, water pump 1 2, primary heat exchanger 3, water pump 2 4, secondary heat exchanger 5, water pump 3 6 and evaporator 7, low temperature multi-effect distillation seawater desalination device 8 The seawater supply port is connected to the seawater supply pump 9, the desalination product outlet of the low-temperature multi-effect distillation seawater desalination device 8 is connected to the desalination product water pump 10, and the concentrated seawater discharge port of the low-temperature multi-effect distillation seawater desalination device 8 is connected to the concentrated seawater discharge pump 11, Atmospheric pool type low-temperature nuclear heating reactor 1 and primary heat exchanger 3 are connected by water pump 1 through water inlet and outlet channels to form an independent water pump-fluid circulation unit, primary heat exchanger 3 and secondary heat exchanger 5 The water pumps 2 and 4 are connected through the water inlet and outlet channels to form an independent water pump 2 fluid circulation unit. The operating pressure of the water pump 2 and 4 fluid circulation units is 1.1-1.8 times the operating pressure of the water pump 1 2 fluid circulation unit. The secondary heat exchanger 5 and the evaporator 7 are connected by the water pump 3 6 through the water inlet and outlet channels to form an independent water pump three-fluid circulation unit, and the steam outlet of the evaporator 7 is connected with the steam inlet of the low-temperature multi-effect distillation seawater desalination device 8 , the discharge port of the evaporator 7 is connected with the concentrated seawater discharge port of the low-temperature multi-effect distillation seawater desalination device 8, and the cooling water outlet of the low-temperature multi-effect distillation seawater desalination device 8 is connected with the inlet of the water pump two 4.
实施例的工作流程是：常压池式低温核供热反应堆1使用核电站乏燃料产生热能，通过水泵一2流体循环单元中的水通过一级换热器3，将热能传递给水泵二4流体循环单元中的水，水泵二4流体循环单元的运行压力高于水泵一2流体循环单元的运行压力，并将热能通过二级换热器5传递给水泵三6流体循环单元中的水，水泵三6流体回路中的水进到蒸发器7中蒸发，产生的蒸汽进入低温多效蒸馏海水淡化装置8中，合格的海水补给水通过海水补给泵9送到低温多效蒸馏海水淡化装置8中，与蒸发器7中蒸发产生的蒸汽经过公知的多效蒸馏过程生产淡化产品水，并通过淡化产品水泵10输送出去，而海水淡化产生的浓海水则通过浓海水排放泵11进行排放。The working process of the embodiment is: the atmospheric pool type low-temperature nuclear heating reactor 1 uses the spent fuel of the nuclear power plant to generate heat energy, and the water in the fluid circulation unit of the water pump 2 passes through the primary heat exchanger 3 to transfer the heat energy to the water pump 2 4 fluid The water in the circulation unit, the operating pressure of the water pump two 4 fluid circulation unit is higher than the operation pressure of the water pump one 2 fluid circulation unit, and the heat energy is transferred to the water in the water pump three 6 fluid circulation unit through the secondary heat exchanger 5, the water pump The water in the three-6 fluid circuit enters the evaporator 7 for evaporation, and the steam generated enters the low-temperature multi-effect distillation seawater desalination device 8, and the qualified seawater supply water is sent to the low-temperature multi-effect distillation seawater desalination device 8 through the seawater supply pump 9 , and steam produced by evaporation in the evaporator 7 produces desalinated product water through a known multi-effect distillation process, and is transported out through the desalinated product water pump 10, while the concentrated seawater produced by seawater desalination is discharged through the concentrated seawater discharge pump 11.
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102774917A (en) * | 2012-08-14 | 2012-11-14 | 众和海水淡化工程有限公司 | Petrifaction waste heat utilization based low-temperature multiple-effect sea water distillation desalinization system |
| CN105060377A (en) * | 2015-08-31 | 2015-11-18 | 上海核工程研究设计院 | Nuclear power plant seawater desalination system |
| CN105374408A (en) * | 2015-11-27 | 2016-03-02 | 田力 | Deep well type atmospheric pressure heat supply nuclear reactor |
| CN105427901A (en) * | 2015-12-10 | 2016-03-23 | 田力 | Pool type ordinary pressure heating reactor using spent fuel pool cooling device |
| CN105575449A (en) * | 2015-11-27 | 2016-05-11 | 田力 | Deep-well normal-pressure nuclear heating system |
| CN107293341A (en) * | 2016-04-12 | 2017-10-24 | 国家电投集团科学技术研究院有限公司 | Pool reactor |
| CN107352607A (en) * | 2017-08-26 | 2017-11-17 | 大连理工大学 | A kind of desalting seawater through multi-effect evaporation system using nuclear energy |
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2010
- 2010-12-30 CN CN2010206914920U patent/CN201914937U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| CN102774917A (en) * | 2012-08-14 | 2012-11-14 | 众和海水淡化工程有限公司 | Petrifaction waste heat utilization based low-temperature multiple-effect sea water distillation desalinization system |
| CN102774917B (en) * | 2012-08-14 | 2013-07-03 | 众和海水淡化工程有限公司 | Petrifaction waste heat utilization based low-temperature multiple-effect sea water distillation desalinization system |
| CN105060377A (en) * | 2015-08-31 | 2015-11-18 | 上海核工程研究设计院 | Nuclear power plant seawater desalination system |
| CN105374408A (en) * | 2015-11-27 | 2016-03-02 | 田力 | Deep well type atmospheric pressure heat supply nuclear reactor |
| CN105575449A (en) * | 2015-11-27 | 2016-05-11 | 田力 | Deep-well normal-pressure nuclear heating system |
| CN105427901A (en) * | 2015-12-10 | 2016-03-23 | 田力 | Pool type ordinary pressure heating reactor using spent fuel pool cooling device |
| CN107293341A (en) * | 2016-04-12 | 2017-10-24 | 国家电投集团科学技术研究院有限公司 | Pool reactor |
| CN107293341B (en) * | 2016-04-12 | 2023-11-03 | 国家电投集团科学技术研究院有限公司 | Pool type reactor |
| CN107352607A (en) * | 2017-08-26 | 2017-11-17 | 大连理工大学 | A kind of desalting seawater through multi-effect evaporation system using nuclear energy |
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