CN201887493U - Battery charging controller for electric automobile - Google Patents
Battery charging controller for electric automobile Download PDFInfo
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- CN201887493U CN201887493U CN2010205629553U CN201020562955U CN201887493U CN 201887493 U CN201887493 U CN 201887493U CN 2010205629553 U CN2010205629553 U CN 2010205629553U CN 201020562955 U CN201020562955 U CN 201020562955U CN 201887493 U CN201887493 U CN 201887493U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a battery charging controller for an electric automobile. The controller comprises an electromotive force measuring unit for measuring the current electromotive force of the battery, a charging current measuring unit for measuring the current charging current of the battery, a charging parameter adjusting unit for determining the current charging parameter according to the current electromotive force and charging current, and the ideal charging current of the battery, and a charging control unit controlling the charging of the battery according to the current charging parameter. A recharge/replacement power station operation monitoring system can acquire available charging capacity information of a recharge/replacement power station from a distribution network automatic system, and under the restriction of the available charging capacity information of the recharge/replacement power station, the output power of the battery can be adjusted according to the charging parameter and the charging emergency extent of the battery. When the electric automobile recharge/replacement power station controls the charging of a battery pack, an acceptable ideal charging current curve of the battery pack is considered, the temperature of the battery pack is tracked in real time, and corresponding voltage feedback compensation is adopted; and the performance and the service life of the battery pack can be given to full play to the utmost extent owing to the automatic adjustment on the charging parameter according to the current condition.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to the charging batteries of electric automobile technology, relates in particular to a kind of charging batteries of electric automobile control appliance.
Background technology
At present, the charging method that electric automobile is commonly used comprises constant voltage charge and constant current charge.At the initial stage of constant voltage charge, the battery pack electromotive force is lower, and charging current is very big, and along with the carrying out of charging process, the battery pack electromotive force rises gradually, and charging current reduces automatically.The constant current charge charging current can be adjusted, and can be specially adapted to little electric current and charge for a long time being in the batteries charging of various different conditions, helps the maintainability charging of the slower battery of capacity restoration and the initial charge of new battery etc.The mode of constant voltage charge is big in initial charge current, easily causes the bigger battery pack overcurrent of depth of discharge and damages charging device; Charge latter stage, make that charging current is very little because electromotive force increases, being full of electricity needs for a long time.Constant current charge is not suitable for big electric current and charges for a long time.
In addition, in the battery charging process, occur easily overcharging, cell voltage begins again to descend after peaking, and battery temperature and internal pressure rise rapidly, shortens battery useful life, even causes battery to damage.
Summary of the invention
A technical problem to be solved in the utility model provides a kind of charging batteries of electric automobile control appliance, can improve fail safe and energy saving in the charging process.
The utility model provides a kind of charging batteries of electric automobile control appliance, comprising:
Be used to measure the electro-motive force measurement unit of the current electromotive force of battery;
Be used to measure the charging current measuring unit of the current charging current of battery;
Ideal charging electric current according to the current electromotive force of battery and charging current, battery is determined the charge parameter adjustment unit of current charge parameter;
Be used for charging control unit according to the charging of current charge parameter control battery.
An embodiment according to charging batteries of electric automobile control appliance of the present utility model, charging control unit is obtained the available charging capacity information of filling electrical changing station from distribution automation system, under the restriction of the available charging capacity of filling electrical changing station, according to the charge parameter of battery, the power output of charging urgency level regulating cell.
According to an embodiment of charging batteries of electric automobile control appliance of the present utility model, this charging batteries of electric automobile control appliance also comprises:
Be used for adjusting the temperature compensation unit of the charging voltage of battery according to the temperature of battery.
According to an embodiment of charging batteries of electric automobile control appliance of the present utility model, temperature compensation unit comprises:
Be used to measure the temperature measuring equipment of the temperature of battery;
Whether the temperature that is used to judge battery surpasses predetermined value, adjusts the voltage adjusting device of the charging voltage of battery when the temperature of battery surpasses predetermined value.
According to an embodiment of charging batteries of electric automobile control appliance of the present utility model, temperature compensation unit satisfies the adjustment of charging voltage:
Vc＝V
25℃-(T
a-25)×0.0055。
The charging batteries of electric automobile control appliance that the utility model provides, electro-motive force measurement unit and charging current measuring unit are measured the electromotive force and the charging current of battery in real time, the charge parameter adjustment unit is adjusted charge parameter in conjunction with the ideal charging current curve of battery according to battery current electromotive force and charging current, both guaranteed the battery full charge, avoid battery to occur overcharging again, thereby guarantee fail safe, the energy saving of charging process.
A technical problem to be solved in the utility model provides a kind of charging batteries of electric automobile control method, can improve fail safe and energy saving in the charging process.
The utility model provides a kind of charging batteries of electric automobile control method, comprising:
Measure current electromotive force and the charging current of battery;
Ideal charging electric current according to the current electromotive force of battery and charging current, battery is determined current charge parameter;
Charging according to current charge parameter control battery.
An embodiment according to charging batteries of electric automobile control method of the present utility model, charging according to current charge parameter control battery comprises: obtain the available charging capacity information of filling electrical changing station from distribution automation system, fill electrical changing station can be with under the restriction of charging capacity, according to the current charge parameter of battery, the power output of charging urgency level regulating cell.
According to an embodiment of charging batteries of electric automobile control method of the present utility model, this method also comprises: the charging voltage of adjusting battery according to the temperature of battery.
According to an embodiment of charging batteries of electric automobile control method of the present utility model, the step of adjusting the charging voltage of battery according to the temperature of battery comprises:
Measure the temperature of battery;
Whether the temperature of judging battery surpasses predetermined value;
When the temperature of battery surpasses predetermined value, adjust the charging voltage of battery.
According to an embodiment of charging batteries of electric automobile control method of the present utility model, the charging voltage of adjusting battery according to the temperature of battery adopts following formula:
Vc＝V
25℃-(T
a-25)×0.0055。
According to an embodiment of charging batteries of electric automobile control method of the present utility model, determine that according to the ideal charging electric current of the current electromotive force of battery and charging current, battery current charge parameter comprises: determine charge parameter according to battery current electromotive force and charging current in conjunction with constant voltage and the constant current charge adjusted stage by stage.
The charging batteries of electric automobile control method that the utility model provides, measure the electromotive force and the charging current of battery in real time, ideal charging current curve in conjunction with battery is adjusted charge parameter according to battery current electromotive force and charging current, both guaranteed the battery full charge, avoid battery to occur overcharging again, thereby guarantee fail safe, the energy saving of charging process.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 illustrates the curved line relation of charging current, charging voltage and battery pack electromotive force;
Fig. 2 illustrates charging current and the desirable charging current curve of battery under the intelligent charge control strategy;
Fig. 3 illustrates the flow chart of an embodiment of charging batteries of electric automobile control method of the present utility model;
Fig. 4 illustrates the flow chart of another embodiment of charging batteries of electric automobile control method of the present utility model;
Fig. 5 illustrates the flow chart that carries out an example of temperature-compensating in the charging batteries of electric automobile control method of the present utility model with charging voltage;
Fig. 6 illustrates the block diagram of an embodiment of charging batteries of electric automobile control appliance of the present utility model;
Fig. 7 illustrates the block diagram of another embodiment of charging batteries of electric automobile control appliance of the present utility model;
Fig. 8 illustrates the block diagram of another embodiment of charging batteries of electric automobile control appliance of the present utility model;
Fig. 9 illustrates the system schematic of an application examples of technical solutions of the utility model;
Figure 10 illustrates the change curve of electromotive force E in the charging process; And
Figure 11 illustrates the change curve of electromotive force E in the charging process.
Embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawings the utility model is described more fully, exemplary embodiment of the present utility model wherein is described.In the accompanying drawings, identical label is represented identical or similar assembly or element.
Battery pack is in charging process, and its charging current can be reduced to following formula:
I＝(U-E)/r (1)
In the formula (1), I is a charging current, and U is a charging voltage, and E battery pack electromotive force, r are the battery pack internal resistance.
From formula (1) as can be seen, along with the carrying out of charging process, battery pack electromotive force E rises gradually, and finally near rated voltage, and charging current presents the low trend in preceding high back, and Fig. 1 illustrates the curved line relation of charging current, charging voltage and battery pack electromotive force.
According to the requirement of charging batteries of electric automobile characteristic, can adopt the constant voltage of real-time adjustment and constant current to charge.Fig. 2 illustrates charging current and the acceptable ideal charging current curve of battery under the intelligent charge control strategy.As shown in Figure 2, solid line is represented the acceptable ideal charging current curve of battery; Dotted line is represented the charging current curve under the intelligent charge control strategy.By charging is controlled, make the charging current curve trend towards the ideal charging current curve.
Fig. 3 illustrates the flow chart of an embodiment of charging batteries of electric automobile control method of the present utility model.
As shown in Figure 3, in step 302, measure current electromotive force and the charging current of battery.For example, can measure the current electromotive force of battery by the potentiometer in parallel with battery, sampling by the current sensor of series connection obtains current charging current.
In step 304, determine current charge parameter according to the ideal charging electric current of the current electromotive force of battery and charging current, battery.For example, obtain current ideal charging electric current, according to formula (1), calculate current charging voltage in conjunction with the current electromotive force of the battery of measuring according to the ideal charging current curve.
In step 306, according to the charging of current charge parameter control battery.
In an embodiment of the present utility model, fill the electrical changing station operation monitoring system and obtain the available charging capacity information of filling electrical changing station from distribution automation system, fill the electrical changing station operation monitoring system under the restriction of the available charging capacity of filling electrical changing station, regulate the power output of filling the electrical changing station battery according to charge parameter, the charging urgency level of electric automobile power battery.
Different batteries may have different ideal charging current curves, and the ideal charging current curve for example can be provided according to the characteristic of battery by battery production producer.In one embodiment, fill the electrical changing station supervisory control system obtains this battery from distribution automation system according to the type information of battery ideal charging current information.
In the above-described embodiments, measure the electromotive force and the charging current of battery in real time, ideal charging current curve in conjunction with battery is adjusted charge parameter according to battery current electromotive force and charging current, both guaranteed the battery full charge, avoid battery to occur overcharging again, thereby guarantee fail safe, the energy saving of charging process.
In an embodiment of the present utility model, come simulate ideal charging current curve by constant voltage and the constant current charge of adjusting stage by stage, determine charge parameter in conjunction with constant voltage and the constant current charge adjusted stage by stage according to battery current electromotive force and charging current.By such mode, can reduce the difficulty and the complexity of charging control, easier charging is controlled.
In one embodiment, the voltage measurement module by single-chip microcomputer is measured the magnitude of voltage of single battery, adopts the filtering method of " the sieve value is average " to measure the voltage of battery pack, thereby improves the precision of measuring.When the voltage analog of every batteries was measured, continuous measurement was repeatedly sieved peak and the minimum that removes magnitude of voltage then, more remaining measured value was averaged, to obtain best measurement result; According to the account form of voltage, obtain the voltage of battery then.The accuracy of the cell emf of Huo Deing is higher like this.
Fig. 4 illustrates the flow chart of another embodiment of charging batteries of electric automobile control method of the present utility model.
As shown in Figure 4, in step 402, measure current electromotive force and the charging current of battery;
In step 404, adjust charge parameter according to battery current electromotive force and charging current in conjunction with the ideal charging current curve of battery.The current electromotive force of battery and the nominal rating voltage and current of charging current and battery are calculated, determine the size of charging voltage and electric current; Realize the adjustment of charging voltage and charging current by voltage, current regulator and diverter switch.For example, calculate the size of decision charging voltage and electric current by the battery voltage that collection is come and the nominal rating voltage and current of electric current and battery pack.Can realize the adjustment of charge parameter by configuration correspondent voltage, current regulator and diverter switch.
In step 406, adjust the charging voltage of battery according to the temperature of battery.
In the above-described embodiments, adjust the charging voltage of battery according to the temperature of battery in charging process, both guaranteed the battery full charge, it is not overheated to guarantee again in the battery charging process, guarantees fail safe, the energy saving of charging process.
Fig. 5 illustrates the flow chart that carries out an example of temperature-compensating in the charging batteries of electric automobile control method of the present utility model with charging voltage.
As shown in Figure 5, in step 502, measure each battery cell temperature T i.
In step 504, counting cell group temperature-averaging value Ta
In step 506, for example by judging that battery pack temperature judges that greater than predetermined value battery pack temperature occurs unusually? if, then continue step 508, otherwise, step 502 continued.Wherein, this predetermined value can be determined according to battery variety.
In step 508, reduce charging voltage, T is calculated in temperature-compensating
a
Vc＝V
25℃-(T
a-25)×0.0055 (3)
Wherein, VC is a charging voltage, the V25 ℃ of charging voltage when being 25 ℃.
In the above-described embodiments, by measuring the temperature-averaging value that the battery cell temperature obtains battery pack,, guaranteed the accuracy that voltage is adjusted by judging whether battery temperature occurs adjusting charging voltage unusually.
Fig. 6 illustrates the block diagram of an embodiment of charging batteries of electric automobile control appliance of the present utility model.As shown in Figure 6, the charging batteries of electric automobile control appliance of this embodiment comprises electro-motive force measurement unit 61, charging current measuring unit 62, charge parameter adjustment unit 63 and charging control unit 64.The current electromotive force of battery is measured in electro-motive force measurement unit 61.Electro-motive force measurement unit 61 for example comprises that the potentiometer in parallel with battery is to measure the electromotive force of battery.Charging current measuring unit 62 is measured the current charging current of battery.Charging current measuring unit 62 for example comprises the current sensor of connecting with battery, and electric current is sampled to measure the current charging current of battery.Charge parameter adjustment unit 63 is determined current charge parameter according to the ideal charging electric current of the current electromotive force of battery and charging current, battery.Charge parameter adjustment unit 63 is for example realized by single-chip microcomputer or DSP logical circuit.Charging control unit 64 is according to the charging of current charge parameter control battery.Charging control unit 64 for example realizes by configuration correspondent voltage, current regulator and diverter switch.The ideal charging current curve for example provides according to the characteristic of battery.Calculate the size of decision charging voltage and electric current by the battery voltage that collection is come and the nominal rating voltage and current of electric current and battery pack.Can realize the adjustment of charge parameter by configuration correspondent voltage, current regulator and diverter switch.In an embodiment of the present utility model, charging control unit 64 is obtained the available charging capacity information of filling electrical changing station from distribution automation system, under the restriction of the available charging capacity of filling electrical changing station, according to the charge parameter of battery, the power output that the charging urgency level is regulated described battery.
In the above-described embodiments, electro-motive force measurement unit and charging current measuring unit are measured the electromotive force and the charging current of battery in real time, the charge parameter adjustment unit is determined charge parameter in conjunction with the ideal charging current curve of battery according to battery current electromotive force and charging current, charging is controlled according to charge parameter by charging control unit, both guaranteed the battery full charge, avoid battery to occur overcharging again, thereby guarantee fail safe, the energy saving of charging process.
Fig. 7 illustrates the block diagram of another embodiment of charging batteries of electric automobile control appliance of the present utility model.The charging batteries of electric automobile control appliance of this embodiment comprises electro-motive force measurement unit 61, charging current measuring unit 62, charge parameter adjustment unit 63 and charging control unit 64.Compare with Fig. 6, the charging batteries of electric automobile control appliance of this embodiment also comprises temperature compensation unit 75, is used for adjusting according to the temperature of battery the charging voltage of battery.In one embodiment, the condition of formula (3) is satisfied in the adjustment of 74 pairs of charging voltages of temperature compensation unit.
In the above-described embodiments, temperature compensation unit is adjusted the charging voltage of battery according to the temperature of battery in charging process, both guaranteed the battery full charge, and it is not overheated to guarantee again in the battery charging process, guarantees fail safe, the energy saving of charging process.
Fig. 8 illustrates the block diagram of another embodiment of charging batteries of electric automobile control appliance of the present utility model.Compare with Fig. 7, temperature compensation unit 85 comprises temperature measuring equipment 851 and voltage adjusting device 852 in the charging batteries of electric automobile control appliance of this embodiment.Wherein, temperature measuring equipment 851 is measured the temperature of batteries, and the temperature of the battery measured is sent to voltage adjusting device 852; Voltage adjusting device 852 judges whether the temperature of battery surpasses predetermined value; When the temperature of battery surpasses predetermined value, adjust the charging voltage of battery.This predetermined value can be determined according to battery variety.
Filling electrical changing station at electric automobile charges when control to battery pack, temperature and the corresponding Voltage Feedback of taking in conjunction with acceptable ideal charging current curve of battery pack and real-time tracking battery pack compensate, automatically adjust charge parameter according to its current state, thereby the performance of battery pack and life-span are brought into play to greatest extent.
It may be noted that for each unit module or device in the block diagram of the embodiment of the charging batteries of electric automobile control appliance shown in Fig. 6 to Fig. 7, can realize as separate equipment respectively, also can several or all realize as complete device.
Specify an application examples of technical solutions of the utility model below in conjunction with Fig. 9-12.
Fig. 9 illustrates the system schematic of this application examples.In this application examples, comprise charge power supply 91, accumulator of electric car 92 and charging batteries of electric automobile control appliance 93.Charging batteries of electric automobile control appliance 93 for example comprises electro-motive force measurement unit 61, charging current measuring unit 62, charge parameter adjustment unit 63 and charging control unit 64, and charging control unit 64 comprises current regulator 641, voltage regulator 642 and diverter switch 643.Charge parameter adjustment unit 63 is by diverter switch 643 Control current adjusters 641 and voltage regulator 642, thus the charging of 92 pairs of storage batterys 91 of control charge power supply.Charging batteries of electric automobile control appliance 93 also can comprise unit or the module among other embodiment.
For the battery pack of certain electric automobile, suppose that its ideal charging current curve can be expressed as:
I＝I
0e
-αt (4)
Wherein, I
0Be initial maximum charging current, α is maximum capacity ratio, and t is the charging interval.
Charging batteries of electric automobile control appliance 93 just can both improve charge efficiency according to following formula control charging current, can not cause again overcharging simultaneously.
In actual applications, can come simulate ideal charging current curve by constant voltage and the constant current charge of adjusting stage by stage.For example, the concrete adjusting stage is as shown in table 1 below:
Table 1
The t1 period, the battery I1 constant current charge with bigger when battery pack electromotive force E increases to U1 gradually, enters the t2 period; The t2 period, carry out constant voltage charge with U1, when charging current I diminishes to I2 gradually, enter the t3 period; The t3 period,, when battery pack electromotive force E increases to U2 gradually, enter the t4 period with the I2 constant current charge; The t4 period, carry out constant voltage charge with U2, till battery is full of.Figure 10 and Figure 11 illustrate the change curve of electromotive force E and electric current I in the charging process respectively.
As long as configure the value of I1, U1, I2 and U2, by gathering battery pack electromotive force E and electric current I, can determine corresponding t1, t2, t3, t4 day part value, in control, also realize than being easier to.
Embodiment of the present utility model, dynamic electromotive force, charging current of following the tracks of battery in charging process, charging device is determined charge parameter automatically according to the current state of battery, thereby charging current is remained near the acceptable charging current curve of battery.Avoid battery to occur overcharging, to guarantee the energy saving of charging process.Follow the tracks of by temperature in charging process, carry out temperature-compensating, make battery pack temperature when charging be unlikely to too high, guarantee the fail safe of charging process, and make that the performance of battery pack and life-span are farthest guaranteed with charging voltage to battery.
Description of the present utility model provides for example with for the purpose of describing, and is not exhaustively or with the utility model to be limited to disclosed form.Many modifications and variations are obvious for the ordinary skill in the art.Selecting and describing embodiment is for better explanation principle of the present utility model and practical application, thereby and makes those of ordinary skill in the art can understand the various embodiment that have various modifications that the utility model design is suitable for special-purpose.
Claims (7)
1. a charging batteries of electric automobile control appliance is characterized in that, comprising:
Be used to measure the electro-motive force measurement unit of the current electromotive force of battery;
Be used to measure the charging current measuring unit of the current charging current of described battery;
Ideal charging electric current according to the current electromotive force of described battery and charging current, described battery is determined the charge parameter adjustment unit of current charge parameter;
Be used for controlling the charging control unit of the charging of described battery according to described current charge parameter.
2. charging batteries of electric automobile control appliance according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described charging control unit is obtained the available charging capacity information of filling electrical changing station from distribution automation system, under the restriction of described available charging capacity of filling electrical changing station, according to the charge parameter of described battery, the power output that the charging urgency level is regulated described battery.
3. charging batteries of electric automobile control appliance according to claim 1 is characterized in that, also comprises:
Be used for adjusting the temperature compensation unit of the charging voltage of described battery according to the temperature of described battery.
4. charging batteries of electric automobile control appliance according to claim 3 is characterized in that, described temperature compensation unit comprises:
Be used to measure the temperature measuring equipment of the temperature of described battery;
Whether the temperature that is used to judge described battery surpasses predetermined value, adjusts the voltage adjusting device of the charging voltage of described battery when the temperature of described battery surpasses described predetermined value.
5. charging batteries of electric automobile control appliance according to claim 3 is characterized in that, described temperature compensation unit satisfies the adjustment of described charging voltage:
Vc＝V
25℃-(T
a-25)×0.0055。
6. charging batteries of electric automobile control appliance according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described charge parameter adjustment unit is determined charge parameter in conjunction with constant voltage and the constant current charge adjusted stage by stage according to battery current electromotive force and charging current.
7. charging batteries of electric automobile control appliance according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the current electromotive force of described battery is measured by potentiometer in described electro-motive force measurement unit; Described charging current measuring unit is by the current charging current of the described battery of current sensor measurement.
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010205629553U CN201887493U (en) | 2010-10-15 | 2010-10-15 | Battery charging controller for electric automobile |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010205629553U CN201887493U (en) | 2010-10-15 | 2010-10-15 | Battery charging controller for electric automobile |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102055216A (en) * | 2010-10-15 | 2011-05-11 | 国家电网公司 | Charging control method for battery of electric vehicle and equipment thereof |
| CN103454590A (en) * | 2012-05-28 | 2013-12-18 | 索尼公司 | Method of estimating state of charge of secondary cell, state-of-charge estimation device, cell pack, electronic apparatus, and electric vehicle |
| CN104321949A (en) * | 2012-06-26 | 2015-01-28 | 英特尔公司 | Charging a battery |
| CN113561815A (en) * | 2020-04-28 | 2021-10-29 | 北京新能源汽车股份有限公司 | Method and device for limiting charging of power battery and electric automobile |
-
2010
- 2010-10-15 CN CN2010205629553U patent/CN201887493U/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102055216A (en) * | 2010-10-15 | 2011-05-11 | 国家电网公司 | Charging control method for battery of electric vehicle and equipment thereof |
| CN102055216B (en) * | 2010-10-15 | 2012-09-05 | 国家电网公司 | Charging control method for battery of electric vehicle and equipment thereof |
| CN103454590A (en) * | 2012-05-28 | 2013-12-18 | 索尼公司 | Method of estimating state of charge of secondary cell, state-of-charge estimation device, cell pack, electronic apparatus, and electric vehicle |
| CN103454590B (en) * | 2012-05-28 | 2017-09-22 | 索尼公司 | Assess method, charged state apparatus for evaluating, the battery pack of battery state of charge |
| CN104321949A (en) * | 2012-06-26 | 2015-01-28 | 英特尔公司 | Charging a battery |
| CN104321949B (en) * | 2012-06-26 | 2018-05-25 | 英特尔公司 | It charges for battery |
| CN113561815A (en) * | 2020-04-28 | 2021-10-29 | 北京新能源汽车股份有限公司 | Method and device for limiting charging of power battery and electric automobile |
| CN113561815B (en) * | 2020-04-28 | 2023-07-14 | 北京新能源汽车股份有限公司 | Method and device for limiting charging of power battery and electric automobile |
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