Background technology
Solar-energy photo-voltaic cell abbreviates photovoltaic cell as, is used for the luminous energy of the sun is converted into electric energy.Compare with conventional energy resource, photovoltaic cell is a kind of renewable and clean energy resource, helps environmental protection, and can save the very expensive transmission line of cost, so photovoltaic cell is with a wide range of applications.
Solar photovoltaic battery component generally includes photovoltaic cell sheet, substrate and transparent material layer.The photovoltaic cell sheet is used to absorb solar energy and is that electric energy is stored with conversion of solar energy; Substrate has certain intensity as the protection backboard that is used to support the photovoltaic cell sheet; Transparent material layer is covered in the surface of photovoltaic cell sheet, can protect the photovoltaic cell sheet not influence the photovoltaic cell sheet again and absorb solar energy.
At present; solar photovoltaic battery component in process of production; the photovoltaic cell sheet is clipped between substrate and the transparent material layer; photovoltaic battery panel and substrate are fixed; must keep the secure seal state between photovoltaic cell sheet and the transparent material layer, to reach air-isolation, protection photovoltaic cell sheet, to increase light transmittance, the purpose in prolongation solar photovoltaic battery component life-span.
In the prior art, usually adopt epoxy resin or modification polyurethane photovoltaic cell sheet and transparent material layer to be carried out secure seal, adopt equipment such as glue-injection machine, vibrations leveling machine, negative pressure of vacuum machine, dryer to realize in a glue packaging technology usually by the mode of dripping the glue encapsulation.
Above-mentioned solar photovoltaic battery component preparation method needs in potting process to rely on that huge process equipment carries out, technology is complicated, and especially for low power photovoltaic solar cell assembly, cost is higher; When dripping the glue encapsulation, also have solvent evaporates and come out, cause environmental pollution easily; Because dripping the glue encapsulation is the levelling moulding that relies on resin adhesive liquid, the production of product relies on manual operations basically, and the thickness of its glue is difficult for grasping, and the thickness of some local glue is thicker, causes this local transparency lower; This method is only limited to and makes the plane solar energy photovoltaic cell component simultaneously, is not used in the special-shaped solar photovoltaic battery component, and the scope of application is narrower.
In addition, the operational environment of the solar photovoltaic battery component of drop of resin glue encapsulation only can be between-5 ℃~40 ℃, and weatherability is poor, flavescence, obscission easily take place, and its life-span has only about 5 years and the long-life of photovoltaic cell sheet does not match, and causes waste to a certain degree.
Therefore, how to develop that a kind of preparation technology is simple, cost is lower, the photovoltaic cell component of wide accommodation, become the technical barrier that those skilled in the art need to be resolved hurrily.
The utility model content
First purpose of the present utility model provides a kind of photovoltaic cell component, and this solar photovoltaic battery component preparation technology is simple, lower, the wide accommodation of cost.
In order to realize above-mentioned first purpose, the utility model provides a kind of photovoltaic cell component, comprise photovoltaic cell sheet, substrate, described photovoltaic cell sheet is fixed in the front of described substrate, also comprise the heat-shrinkable film layer, described heat-shrinkable film layer is covered in the front of the described substrate that is fixed with described photovoltaic cell sheet, and described heat-shrinkable film layer is close to described photovoltaic cell sheet and described substrate.
Preferably, the back side of described substrate also is coated with the heat-shrinkable film layer.
Preferably, described heat-shrinkable film layer is the surface that bag shape is placed in described photovoltaic cell sheet, described substrate.
Preferably, described heat-shrinkable film layer is multi-layer co-extruded polyolefine heat shrinking film layer.
Preferably, described photovoltaic cell sheet is by being bonded in the front of described substrate.
The photovoltaic cell component that the utility model provides can adopt following method preparation: the front that the photovoltaic cell sheet is fixed on substrate; The heat-shrinkable film layer is laid on the surface of described substrate, forms photovoltaic cell component shape just; The first shape of described photovoltaic cell component is carried out vacuum treatment; To carry out after the vacuum treatment photovoltaic cell component just shape carry out heat treated; Cooling just obtains photovoltaic cell component through the first shape of the photovoltaic cell component after the heat treated.
The photovoltaic cell component of this structure, preparation technology is simple, use equipment is few, and production cost is low, and speed of production is very fast; Adopt the transparent material layer of heat-shrinkable film layer as photovoltaic cell component, the problem that uneven thickness can not occur, make that the whole clearing degree of photovoltaic cell component is higher, and then make that the generating efficiency of photovoltaic cell component is higher, the thickness of transparent material layer is easily grasped, can obtain different transparent material layer thicknesses by the heat-shrinkable film layer that adopts different-thickness, and then obtain different packaging effects, can alleviate the weight of photovoltaic cell component simultaneously; The course of processing, solvent-free volatilization, pollution-free noxious gas emission, environment-protecting asepsis.
The photovoltaic cell component good weatherability of this structure can keep pliability and embrittlement not take place under lower temperature, phenomenon such as be difficult for flavescence taking place, come off under higher temperature, can satisfy the temperature scope of application of photovoltaic cell under different condition; The good airproof performance of photovoltaic cell component, moistureproof dustproof, can securely photovoltaic cell sheet and substrate be fixed together, the useful life of photovoltaic cell component is longer.
Embodiment
In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solution of the utility model, the utility model is described in further detail below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
Please referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 1 is the flow chart of a kind of embodiment of photovoltaic cell component preparation method provided by the utility model.
As shown in Figure 1, photovoltaic cell component preparation method provided by the utility model may further comprise the steps.
Step 101 is fixed on the photovoltaic cell sheet in the front of substrate.At first the photovoltaic cell sheet is carried out class test according to its performance parameter, find required photovoltaic cell sheet, each single photovoltaic cell sheet is carried out front welding, back side welding, form the good photovoltaic cell sheet of string and welding, the photovoltaic cell sheet is fixed on the front of the good substrate of cleaning, in the concrete scheme, the photovoltaic cell sheet can be fixed on the front of substrate by the mode of bonding, between photovoltaic cell sheet and substrate, form adhesive linkage, in the scheme, the photovoltaic cell sheet can be bonded on the substrate by double faced adhesive tape more specifically.
Step 102 is laid on the surface of described substrate with the heat-shrinkable film layer, forms photovoltaic cell component shape just.The ready-made heat-shrinkable film more bigger than substrate size is laid on the surface of substrate, heat-shrinkable film system pouch can be placed in the surface of substrate, form the heat-shrinkable film layer on the surface of substrate, in the concrete scheme, the heat-shrinkable film layer can adopt multi-layer co-extruded polyolefine heat shrinking film layer.
Multi-layer co-extruded polyolefin heat-shrinkable material is the design of high-polymer molecular chain stay cord orientation principle, with the method moulding of chilling typing.Its physical principle is: when high polymer is in high-elastic condition, to its stretch orientation, then with the high polymer quenching to vitrification point, molecularly oriented is frozen, when article being carried out in the packaging process it is heated, because molecular thermalmotion produces stress relaxation, molecule recovers original state, produces and shrinks.
Multi-layer co-extruded polyolefin heat-shrinkable material be in special equipment with LLDPE (LLDPE) as the intermediate layer, in co-polypropylene (PP) conduct, outer, in special process is incited somebody to action, in, outer three layers of co-extruded, it has possessed all advantages and the strong point of polyethylene (PE) and polypropylene (PP) simultaneously, its remarkable performance is far superior to simple polyethylene (PE) film and polypropylene (PP) film again, but also be a kind of environment-friendly package material, can be recycled, multi-layer co-extruded polyolefin heat-shrinkable material can be made has the high grade of transparency, the multi-layer co-extruded polyolefine heat shrinking film that high shrinkage and heat sealability are good.
That multi-layer co-extruded polyolefine heat shrinking film has is nontoxic, highly transparent, frivolous tough and tensile, mechanical strength good, the tearing strength advantages of higher, its percent thermal shrinkage can reach 60%, all kinds of special-shaped products is had just fall benefit, flawless plastotype ability; Can keep soft at low temperature 40 degrees below zero Celsius, phenomenon such as under higher temperature, be difficult for flavescence taking place, come off.
Step 103 is carried out vacuum treatment to the first shape of described photovoltaic cell component.The first shape of the photovoltaic cell component that lays the heat-shrinkable film layer is vacuumized processing, extract the air between photovoltaic cell sheet, heat-shrinkable film layer, the substrate out, arrive the purpose of air-isolation, to improve the light transmittance of photovoltaic cell component.
In the preferred version, vacuum treated evacuated pressure can for-6MP~-15MP, in the more excellent scheme, evacuated pressure is-10MP, under this pressure, it is preferable to vacuumize effect, can make the appropriate vacuum degree that has between photovoltaic cell sheet, heat-shrinkable film layer, the substrate.
Further in the scheme, the vacuum treated processing time can be 10~60min, in the more excellent scheme, can keep 10min under above-mentioned evacuated pressure.
Step 104 is carried out heat treated to the first shape of described photovoltaic cell component.To carrying out heat treated through the first shape of the photovoltaic cell component that vacuumizes processing, the heat-shrinkable film layer shrinks, and becomes one with photovoltaic cell sheet, substrate.In the concrete scheme, the heating-up temperature of described heat treated is 110~130 ℃, and the duration of described heat treated is 20~30min.
Step 105 is cooled off the first shape of described photovoltaic cell component and is obtained photovoltaic cell component.To the cooling of lowering the temperature through the first shape of the photovoltaic cell component of heat treated, make the first shape of photovoltaic cell component be cooled to ambient temperature, it is stable that the heat-shrinkable film layer keeps, and will become one with photovoltaic cell sheet, substrate securely, just obtains photovoltaic cell component.
Further in the scheme, can carry out flow processs such as unhairing limit, module testing, visual inspection, so that obtain the photovoltaic cell component finished product that can go on the market to cooling off the photovoltaic cell component that the back forms.
This photovoltaic cell component preparation method, technology is simple, use equipment is few, and production cost is low, and speed of production is very fast; Adopt the transparent material layer of heat-shrinkable film layer as photovoltaic cell component, the problem that uneven thickness can not occur, make that the whole clearing degree of photovoltaic cell component is higher, and then make that the generating efficiency of photovoltaic cell component is higher, the thickness of transparent material layer is easily grasped, can obtain different transparent material layer thicknesses by the heat-shrinkable film layer that adopts different-thickness, and then obtain different packaging effects, can alleviate the weight of photovoltaic cell component simultaneously; Can just can change the color on the solar photovoltaic assembly surface of encapsulation arbitrarily, to satisfy different clients' needs by changing multi-layer co-extruded polyolefin heat-shrinkable material color in process of production; The course of processing, solvent-free volatilization, pollution-free noxious gas emission, environment-protecting asepsis.
The photovoltaic cell component good weatherability that this method is made, solar photovoltaic assembly after the encapsulation can keep pliability and embrittlement not take place under lower temperature, phenomenon such as flavescence be difficult for to take place, come off under higher temperature can satisfy the temperature scope of application of photovoltaic cell under different condition; The good airproof performance of photovoltaic cell component, moistureproof dustproof, can securely photovoltaic cell sheet and substrate be fixed together, the useful life of photovoltaic cell component is longer.
The utility model also provides a kind of photovoltaic cell component of being made by above-mentioned photovoltaic cell component preparation method, and following examples are simply introduced this photovoltaic cell component in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Please referring to Fig. 2, Fig. 2 is the cross section structure schematic diagram of a kind of embodiment of photovoltaic cell component provided by the utility model.
As shown in Figure 2, photovoltaic cell component provided by the utility model is made by above-mentioned photovoltaic cell component preparation method, and this photovoltaic cell component comprises substrate 1, photovoltaic cell sheet 2 and heat-shrinkable film layer 4; Substrate 1 can be slab construction, also can be the sketch plate structure, and the front of substrate 1 is used for fixing photovoltaic cell sheet 2; Photovoltaic cell sheet 2 is fixed on the front of substrate 1, and the heat-shrinkable film coating is placed on front, the photovoltaic cell sheet 2 of substrate 1, and heat-shrinkable film layer 4 is close to photovoltaic cell sheet 2 and substrate 1.
The photovoltaic cell component of this structure, preparation technology is simple, use equipment is few, and production cost is low, and speed of production is very fast; Adopt the transparent material layer of heat-shrinkable film layer 4 as photovoltaic cell component, the problem that uneven thickness can not occur, make that the whole clearing degree of photovoltaic cell component is higher, and then make that the generating efficiency of photovoltaic cell component is higher, the thickness of transparent material layer is easily grasped, can obtain different transparent material layer thicknesses by the heat-shrinkable film layer 4 that adopts different-thickness, and then obtain different packaging effects, can alleviate the weight of photovoltaic cell component simultaneously; The course of processing, solvent-free volatilization, pollution-free noxious gas emission, environment-protecting asepsis.
The photovoltaic cell component good weatherability of this structure can keep pliability and embrittlement not take place under lower temperature, phenomenon such as be difficult for flavescence taking place, come off under higher temperature, can satisfy the temperature scope of application of photovoltaic cell under different condition; The good airproof performance of photovoltaic cell component, moistureproof dustproof, can securely photovoltaic cell sheet 2 and substrate 1 be fixed together, the useful life of photovoltaic cell component is longer.
In the concrete scheme, photovoltaic cell sheet 2 can be fixed on the front of substrate 1 by bonding mode, as shown in Figure 2, be provided with adhesive linkage 3 between photovoltaic cell sheet 2 and the substrate 1, more specifically, for comparatively easily that photovoltaic cell sheet 2 and substrate 1 is bonding, it is bonding to adopt double faced adhesive tape to carry out.
In the preferred scheme, the back side of described substrate 1 also is coated with heat-shrinkable film layer 4, can make the back side of substrate 1 have better seal, can be moistureproof dustproof.
In the more excellent scheme, described heat-shrinkable film layer 4 can be the packed surface that is placed in described substrate 1, photovoltaic cell sheet 2.This scheme can make and fit tightly between heat-shrinkable film layer 4, photovoltaic cell sheet 2, the substrate 1, and air-isolation more effectively improves the light transmittance of hot photovoltaic cell component.
In the preferred version, heat-shrinkable film layer 4 can adopt multi-layer co-extruded polyolefine heat shrinking film layer 4.
That multi-layer co-extruded polyolefine heat shrinking film has is nontoxic, highly transparent, frivolous tough and tensile, mechanical strength good, the tearing strength advantages of higher, its percent thermal shrinkage can reach 60%, all kinds of special-shaped products is had just fall benefit, flawless plastotype ability; Can keep soft at low temperature 40 degrees below zero Celsius, phenomenon such as under higher temperature, be difficult for flavescence taking place, come off.
The above only is the description of the preferred implementation of utility model; should be understood that; because the finiteness of literal expression; and objectively have unlimited concrete structure; for those skilled in the art; under the prerequisite that does not break away from the utility model principle, can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should be considered as protection range of the present utility model.