CN201878053U - Solar energy control system capable of providing direct current (DC) power supply - Google Patents
Solar energy control system capable of providing direct current (DC) power supply Download PDFInfo
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- CN201878053U CN201878053U CN 201020652728 CN201020652728U CN201878053U CN 201878053 U CN201878053 U CN 201878053U CN 201020652728 CN201020652728 CN 201020652728 CN 201020652728 U CN201020652728 U CN 201020652728U CN 201878053 U CN201878053 U CN 201878053U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a solar energy control system capable of providing a direct current (DC) power supply, which comprises a solar controller and a solar panel array, and is characterized in that: an output of the solar panel array is connected with the solar controller, and an output of the solar controller is directly connected to an electrical appliance needing the DC power supply and is connected with a high-voltage energy-storage electrolytic capacitor at the DC power supply side of the electrical appliance; the solar controller comprises a master controller unit (MCU), a DC-DC isolation conversion circuit, a DC voltage isolation sampling unit circuit and a DC voltage sampling unit circuit, and the solar panel array comprises more than two control and conversion units; and each control and conversion unit comprises a solar panel and a MPPT and BOOST control unit. In the utility model, the solar energy is converted by DC-DC and then is directly connected with the DC power supply rectified by a commercial power in parallel, and the solar energy control system has the characteristics of stable performance and wide use range, and is flexible to operate.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of solar control system that DC power supply is provided.
Background technology
Existing heliotechnics substantially all is based on illumination, large-scale generation engineering or the like; At the application of the power supply of household electrical appliance such as air conditioner, refrigerator also all be solar energy is reverse into alternating current after, secondary converts direct current to again because more than once inversion, efficient is lower; Need simultaneously with civil power synchronous, the circuit complexity; Networking is not having the solar time result of use not good enough separately.
Solar panel generally is directly in parallel or series connection, when a certain cell panel of appearance goes wrong or shaded, the work of solar panel array will be greatly affected, the cell panel meeting abnormal heating that goes wrong or shaded, whole power-supply system even cisco unity malfunction when serious.
The utility model content
The purpose of this utility model aims to provide that a kind of simple and reasonable, flexible operation, cost of manufacture are low, the solar control system of stable performance, provided DC power supply applied widely, to overcome weak point of the prior art.
A kind of solar control system that DC power supply is provided by this purpose design, comprise controller for solar and solar panel array, the output that it is characterized in that solar panel array is connected with controller for solar, and the output of controller for solar is directly connected to the electrical appliance that needs DC power supply and in parallel with the high-voltage energy storage electrochemical capacitor of the direct current source of this electrical appliance; Controller for solar comprises main control MCU, DC-DC isolated variable circuit, dc voltage isolation sampling unit circuit and dc voltage sampling unit circuit, solar panel array is made up of control more than two and converter unit, and each control comprises a solar panel and MPPT and BOOST control unit with converter unit.
The input of described dc voltage sampling unit circuit is connected with the output of solar panel array, and the output of dc voltage sampling unit circuit is connected with main control MCU.
The input that described dc voltage is isolated the sampling unit circuit is connected with the output of DC-DC isolated variable circuit; The output that dc voltage is isolated the sampling unit circuit is connected with main control MCU.
The output of described main control MCU links to each other with DC-DC isolated variable circuit.
The output of the solar panel in described control and the converter unit directly is connected with the BOOST control unit with MPPT.
Described solar panel array comprises the basic series unit of being connected with converter unit and being constituted by the control more than two; Perhaps, comprise by the unit basic in parallel that constitutes in parallel of the control more than two with converter unit; Perhaps, comprise by the basic series unit parallel connection more than two constitute also-polyphone array; Perhaps, comprise the series-multiple connection array that constitutes by the units in series basic in parallel more than two.
Described DC-DC isolated variable circuit is preset the load end output voltage values, the load end output voltage values that this load end output voltage values provides greater than civil power, the method that main control MCU 3 is adjusted the output voltage of DC-DC isolated variable circuit comprises: DC isolates the output voltage of sampling unit electric circuit inspection DC-DC isolated variable circuit, load is heavier and be lower than when presetting output voltage, main control MCU constantly increases the duty ratio of drive pulse signal, do not increasing after the maximum that reaches permission, not enough energy will be provided by civil power; When load was light, main control MCU was adjusted the duty ratio of drive pulse signal, output voltage reach keep this duty ratio after the target value set so that output voltage stabilization on set point; When the reason of load-reason or solar panel array caused output voltage that fluctuation takes place, main control MCU was isolated the duty ratio of the sampling result adjustment drive pulse signal of sampling unit circuit, DC sampling unit circuit according to DC.
The output voltage values of the default solar panel array of described BOOST circuit, when maximum power that the energy requirement of DC-DC isolated variable circuit can provide less than solar panel array, MPPT solar energy maximum capacity tracking Control function is closed, and the BOOST circuit is controlled with the output voltage values that presets; Energy requirement increase when DC-DC isolated variable circuit, can not be stabilized on the default magnitude of voltage, this moment, MPPT solar energy maximum capacity tracking Control function was opened, and the output duty cycle of MPPT function control BOOST circuit makes the output energy of solar cell reach maximum.
The utility model can provide the DC-DC isolated variable circuit of the solar control system of DC power supply to pass through default load end output voltage values, the load end output voltage values that this load end output voltage values provides greater than civil power, the output voltage of isolating sampling unit electric circuit inspection DC-DC isolated variable circuit as DC, load is heavier and be lower than when presetting output voltage, main control MCU constantly increases the duty ratio of drive pulse signal, do not increasing after the maximum that reaches permission, not enough energy will be provided by civil power; When load was light, main control MCU was adjusted the duty ratio of drive pulse signal, output voltage reach keep this duty ratio after the target value set so that output voltage stabilization on set point; When the reason of load-reason or solar panel array caused output voltage that fluctuation takes place, main control MCU was isolated the duty ratio of the sampling result adjustment drive pulse signal of sampling unit circuit, DC sampling unit circuit according to DC.In addition, the output voltage values of the default solar panel array of BOOST circuit, when maximum power that the energy requirement of DC-DC isolated variable circuit can provide less than solar panel array, MPPT solar energy maximum capacity tracking Control function is closed, and the BOOST circuit is controlled with the output voltage values that presets; Energy requirement increase when DC-DC isolated variable circuit, can not be stabilized on the default magnitude of voltage, this moment, MPPT solar energy maximum capacity tracking Control function was opened, and the output duty cycle of MPPT function control BOOST circuit makes the output energy of solar cell reach maximum.By above-mentioned control system and control method thereof, can realize at utmost utilizing solar energy, reduce dependence to civil power.
The utility model passes through solar cell panel unit and MPPT and control of BOOST control unit composition and converter unit, to control then with converter unit and carry out combinations such as series, parallel, constitute solar panel array, can realize the ceiling capacity output of each solar cell panel unit in the solar panel array, what reduction was individual simultaneously goes wrong to the influence of a whole set of solar panel array, improve break down or abnormal conditions under the output energy of solar panel array.Solar energy is behind the DC-DC isolated variable, directly in parallel with the direct current of civil power after the AC-DC conversion with direct current, reduced the link of passing through the AC-DC conversion again after the present common DC-AC inversion, improved the efficient of conversion, simultaneously also avoided carrying out having reduced the complexity of technology synchronously with the civil power of electrical network.
The utility model has been avoided the secondary inversion of solar energy, can be implemented in civil power in the controller for solar simultaneously changes behind the direct current and solar-electricity in parallel behind isolation boosting, and can realize controlled freely switching, realize the maximum using of solar energy, when solar energy is not enough, utilized civil power not reduce the practical effect of household electrical appliance such as air conditioner, refrigerator simultaneously.Simultaneously, owing to carry out special-purpose MPPT control and BOOST conversion at single solar panel, utilize the current source characteristic of BOOST circuit and the reverse blocking voltage of output diode, can realize series, parallel, series-multiple connection or the parallel-serial of the different scales of solar panel array easily, when wherein some or certain several solar panel go wrong, the influence of whole solar electric power supply system is reduced to minimum, and disposing at solar array can influence its work when reasonable hardly.
The output of the solar cell panel unit in the control in the utility model and the converter unit directly is connected with the BOOST control unit with MPPT, is carried out the maximum capacity tracking Control and the BOOST boosting inverter of solar energy by MPPT and BOOST control unit.
The direct current of controller for solar in the utility model and solar panel array and output is isolated fully.Certainly, can also make according to the actual needs and not isolate.
The utility model utilizes inexhaustible green energy resource solar energy to drive the operation of household electrical appliance such as air conditioner refrigerator, realize that solar energy is directly in parallel through the direct current of over commutation with civil power after the DC-DC conversion, can realize solar cell constitute easily in/large-scale array, have that simple and reasonable, flexible operation, cost of manufacture are low, a stable performance, advantage of wide range of application.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the theory diagram of the utility model one embodiment.
Fig. 2 is the control in the utility model and the operation principle block diagram of converter unit.
Fig. 3 is the operation principle sketch of the BOOST converter unit in the utility model.
Fig. 4 is the full-bridge circuit fundamental diagram of the DC-DC isolated variable circuit in the utility model.
Fig. 5 is the cuk converter fundamental diagram of the DC-DC isolated variable circuit in the utility model.
Fig. 6 is the basic series unit schematic diagram in the utility model.
Fig. 7 is the cell schematics basic in parallel in the utility model.
Fig. 8 is the series-multiple connection array schematic diagram in the utility model.
Fig. 9 is the parallel-serial array schematic diagram in the utility model.
Among the figure: 1 is controller for solar, 2 is solar panel array, 3 is main control MCU, 4 is DC-DC isolated variable circuit, 6 are dc voltage isolation sampling unit circuit, and 7 is dc voltage sampling unit circuit, and 8 are control and converter unit, 81 is solar panel, and 82 is MPPT and BOOST control unit.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples the utility model is further described.
Referring to Fig. 1, the solar control system of DC power supply originally can be provided, comprise controller for solar 1 and solar panel array 2; Controller for solar 1 mainly is made up of DC-DC isolated variable circuit 4, dc voltage isolation sampling unit circuit 6, dc voltage sampling unit circuit 7, main control MCU 3; Solar panel array 2 is made up of control more than two and converter unit 8, sees shown in Figure 2ly, and each control comprises a solar panel 81 and MPPT and BOOST control unit 82 with converter unit 8.
The output of solar panel array 2 is connected with controller for solar 1, the output of controller for solar 1 is directly connected to the electrical appliance that needs DC power supply, such as the direct current source of air conditioner, and in parallel with the high-voltage energy storage electrochemical capacitor of the direct current source of electrical appliance.
The input that dc voltage is isolated sampling unit circuit 6 is connected with the output of DC-DC isolated variable circuit 4, isolating sample circuit uses known electric resistance partial pressure to add the isolation discharge circuit, also can adopt and isolate the integrated special module of sampling, can also be the sample circuit of the resistance sampling network of band optocoupler, and the isolation sample circuit of other modes.
The output that dc voltage is isolated sampling unit circuit 6 is connected with main control MCU 3, be used to detect the output voltage of DC-DC isolated variable circuit 4, main control MCU 3 is carried out the adjusting of output voltage according to this output voltage, and the duty ratio of the drive signal by adjusting DC-DC isolated variable circuit 4 is adjusted.
Control directly is connected with the BOOST control unit with MPPT with the output of solar cell panel unit in the converter unit, is carried out the maximum capacity tracking Control and the BOOST boosting inverter of solar energy by MPPT and BOOST control unit.
The method that main control MCU 3 is adjusted the output voltage of DC-DC isolated variable circuit 4 is: when solar energy abundance and load are suitable, output voltage can reach set point, this set point must be greater than civil power through the dc voltage after the conversion, make the not conducting of direct current output of civil power side, thereby mains-supplied is ended fully, provides energy by solar cell fully.
When load increases the weight of back and/or solar energy when dying down, the energy shortage of solar energy is to satisfy the demand of load at this moment, this moment, voltage descended, when drop to enough low after, the direct current of civil power side inserts civil power automatically by output diode, this moment, solar energy was pressed maximum capacity output according to starting the MPPT function, be embodied in: when isolating energy requirement that sampling unit circuit 6 detects DC-DC isolated variable circuit 4 by DC hour, MPPT solar energy maximum capacity tracking Control function is closed, and the BOOST circuit is controlled with the output voltage values that presets; Increase along with the energy requirement of DC-DC isolated variable circuit 4, finally can not be stabilized on the default magnitude of voltage, MPPT solar energy maximum capacity tracking Control function is opened and is played a role at this moment, control the output duty cycle of BOOST circuit by the MPPT function, this moment, the output energy of solar cell reached maximum.
The output of main control MCU 3 links to each other with DC-DC isolated variable circuit 4, isolate the sampling of sampling unit circuit 6 and dc voltage sampling unit circuit 7 exports together in conjunction with DC, realization is to the control of the drive pulse signal of DC-DC isolated variable circuit 4, and then realization is to the adjustment of the output voltage of DC-DC isolated variable circuit 4.Isolating sample circuit can be the resistance sampling network of band optocoupler, also can be the sample circuit that resistor network is used in the input of the operational amplifier of band isolation features, can also be the isolation sample circuit of other modes.
Be in the consideration of secure context, controller for solar 1 and solar battery array 2 are isolated fully with the direct current of output, and middle use high frequency safety isolating transformer is isolated the transmission with energy.
The course of work of the dc voltage sampling unit circuit 7 in the controller for solar 1 is described below: the input of the dc voltage sampling unit circuit 7 of controller for solar 1 is connected with the output of solar panel array 2, the output of dc voltage sampling unit circuit 7 is connected with main control MCU 3, be used to detect the output voltage of solar panel array 2, use the electric resistance partial pressure sample circuit.The output of DC-DC voltage isolation sampling unit circuit 6 is connected with the output of DC-DC isolated variable circuit 4, output is connected with main control MCU 3, be used to detect the output voltage of DC-DC isolated variable circuit 4, main control MCU 3 is carried out the adjusting of output voltage according to this output voltage values.
Referring to Fig. 2, control directly is connected with BOOST control unit 82 with MPPT with the output of solar panel 81 in the converter unit 8, carry out the maximum capacity tracking Control and the BOOST boosting inverter of solar energy by MPPT and BOOST control unit 82, wherein the MPPT technology adopts known general technology, comprises an intelligentized single-chip microcomputer and relevant peripheral circuit.
Control directly is connected with BOOST control unit 82 with MPPT with the output of solar panel 81 in the converter unit 8, is carried out the maximum capacity tracking Control and the BOOST boosting inverter of solar energy by MPPT and BOOST control unit 82.Because the output of the electric energy of solar energy single battery plate has directly been connected an exclusive MPPT and BOOST control unit, so just can realize that a solar cell and control unit thereof make as a whole participation structure array.The MPPT function can realize the utilization of the maximum capacity of solar energy, realizes the maximum capacity output of monolithic solar panel.And the BOOST circuit is a kind of translation circuit of current source type as can be known by Circuit theory, utilize the BOOST circuit can realize in theory with supply voltage is in parallel arbitrarily, in fact also to be subjected to the restriction of the absolute rating of the selected device of BOOST circuit, the voltage parallel connection of the arbitrary value in the limit range that all its outputs can allow at the BOOST circuit of design according to actual needs.
Referring to Fig. 3, the basic comprising unit B OOST circuit of control and converter unit 8, it is output as a diode, utilizes the unilateal conduction characteristic of diode and the current source characteristic of BOOST circuit, can realize the serial or parallel connection of a plurality of elementary cells easily.Because the unilateral conduction of diode, when this solar panel or its control section occur when unusual, diode can stop the voltage of output in parallel to be feedback; So can not have influence on the output on other roads when wherein one or more damages during multi-channel parallel.Then can block the output of the electric current of this branch road for series arm, so the output of this branch road will be blocked during multiple series series.
See Fig. 4-Fig. 5, the circuit form that can adopt for DC-DC isolated variable circuit 4, controller for solar 1 and solar panel array 2 are isolated fully with the direct current of output, middle use high frequency safety isolating transformer is isolated the transmission with energy, wherein, Fig. 4 is a full-bridge inverting high frequency transformer buffer circuit, and Fig. 5 is a CUK structure high frequency transformer buffer circuit.
The method that main control MCU 3 is adjusted the output voltage of DC-DC isolated variable circuit 4 is: when the output that detects DC-DC isolated variable circuit 4 by dc voltage isolation sampling unit circuit 6 is lower than setting voltage because of load is heavier, main control MCU 3 just constantly increases the duty ratio of drive pulse signal, just do not increasing after the maximum that reaches permission, not enough energy will be replenished by civil power and provide.
When load was light, main control MCU 3 was suitably adjusted the duty ratios of drive pulse signals, after output voltage reaches target value set, just keep this duty ratio so that output voltage stabilization on set point; When the reason owing to load-reason or solar panel array caused output voltage that fluctuation takes place, main control MCU 3 was adjusted according to the sampling result that DC isolates sampling unit circuit 6.
According to the difference of practical application, can also as required above technical scheme not used isolating transformer, and directly use known BOOST or cuk converter to make not isolate.
Referring to Fig. 6-Fig. 9, solar battery array 2 comprises the basic series unit of being connected and constituting with converter unit 8 by the control more than two, see Fig. 6, as by A1 control and converter unit, A2 control and converter unit ..., connect with the converter unit basic series unit of formation of An control;
Perhaps comprise by control more than two and converter unit 8 unit basic in parallel that constitute in parallel, see Fig. 7, as by A1 control and converter unit, A2 control and converter unit ..., connect with the converter unit unit basic in parallel of formation of An control;
Perhaps comprise the series-multiple connection array that constitutes by the units in series basic in parallel more than two, see Fig. 8, as by the basic unit in parallel of A1, the basic unit in parallel of A2 ..., the series-multiple connection array that constitutes of the basic units in series in parallel of An;
Perhaps comprise by the basic series unit parallel connection more than two constitute also-polyphone array, see Fig. 9, as by the basic series unit of A1, the basic series unit of A2 ..., the series unit that constitutes of the basic series unit of An, with by the basic series unit of B1, the basic series unit of B2 ..., the series unit parallel-serial array that constitutes in parallel that constitutes of the basic series unit of Bn.
Constitute elementary cell by control and converter unit 82, a big basic series unit is formed in a plurality of elementary cell series connection back; A plurality of elementary cells can also parallel connection become a big unit basic in parallel; Though the basic series unit that a plurality of big series connection progression are identical or progression is variant but basic series unit that output voltage is close with current characteristics can also be in parallel again constitutes the series-multiple connection solar panel array.The voltage characteristic of single series arm will be consistent or be similar, otherwise the output voltage of the array after the parallel connection will be subject to the inconsistent series arm of this group output voltage.
A plurality of big unit further basic in parallel are composed in series the parallel-serial solar array again, it is consistent that the current characteristics of basic unit in parallel is wanted, if the inconsistent words of its current characteristics, the output current of the array after the series connection will be subject to the output current minimum that organize basic unit in parallel, thereby cause the wasting of resources.
So repeat, carry out wider intersection as required and extend combination, constitute more massive series-multiple connection array, parallel-serial array, string-Lian mixing array, such as string-parallel-serial, also-string-also, string-also-string-also or the like.
Solar cell control with the course of work of converter unit 8 is: when the output loading of controller for solar 1 lightens, be DC-DC isolated variable circuit 4 energy requirement hour, MPPT solar energy maximum capacity tracking Control function is closed, and the BOOST circuit is controlled with the output voltage values 350Vdc that presets; Along with the output loading of controller for solar is more and more heavier, the energy requirement of DC-DC isolated variable circuit 4 increasing, when the output voltage of final controller for solar 1 can not be stabilized on the default magnitude of voltage 350Vdc, MPPT solar energy maximum capacity tracking Control function is opened and is played a role, control the output duty cycle of BOOST circuit by the MPPT function, this moment, the output energy of solar cell reached maximum.
Facilitate the control and the specification of the solar cell of converter unit 82 to customize according to the actual needs, can be the same, also can be different, but its MPPT must be identical or close specification with the BOOST control unit circuit, the current characteristics of its output and voltage characteristic must be same or similar, with conveniently carry out parallel connection, tandem compound becomes solar panel array.
In the control of MPPT and in the control of the DC-DC boost conversion of BOOST circuit; include the current detecting of solar cell and voltage function and overcurrent, overvoltage, under-voltage protection function; output current overcurrent and output voltage overvoltage, low-voltage variation function are arranged; restriction surpasses the electric current and the voltage output of design specification, with long term operation stability and the reliability of raising solar energy control with converter unit.
According to the difference of practical application, the utility model can also not use isolating transformer with above technical scheme as required, and directly use known BOOST or cuk converter to make not isolate.
Claims (6)
1. solar control system that DC power supply can be provided, comprise controller for solar (1) and solar panel array (2), the output that it is characterized in that solar panel array (2) is connected with controller for solar (1), and the output of controller for solar (1) is directly connected to the electrical appliance that needs DC power supply and in parallel with the high-voltage energy storage electrochemical capacitor of the direct current source of this electrical appliance; Controller for solar (1) comprises main control MCU (3), DC-DC isolated variable circuit (4), dc voltage isolation sampling unit circuit (6) and dc voltage sampling unit circuit (7), solar panel array (2) is made up of control more than two and converter unit (8), and each control comprises a solar panel (81) and MPPT and BOOST control unit (82) with converter unit (8).
2. the solar control system that DC power supply is provided according to claim 1, the input that it is characterized in that described dc voltage sampling unit circuit (7) is connected with the output of solar panel array (2), and the output of dc voltage sampling unit circuit (7) is connected with main control MCU (3).
3. the solar control system that DC power supply is provided according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that the input of described dc voltage isolation sampling unit circuit (6) is connected with the output of DC-DC isolated variable circuit (4); The output that dc voltage is isolated sampling unit circuit (6) is connected with main control MCU (3).
4. the solar control system that DC power supply is provided according to claim 3 is characterized in that the output of described main control MCU (3) links to each other with DC-DC isolated variable circuit (4).
5. the solar control system that DC power supply is provided according to claim 1 is characterized in that the output of the solar panel (81) in described control and the converter unit (8) directly is connected with BOOST control unit (82) with MPPT.
6. the solar control system of DC power supply can be provided according to claim 1 or 5, it is characterized in that described solar panel array (2) comprises the basic series unit of being connected with converter unit (8) and being constituted by the control more than two; Perhaps, comprise unit basic in parallel by the formation in parallel of the control more than two with converter unit (8); Perhaps, comprise by the basic series unit parallel connection more than two constitute also-polyphone array; Perhaps, comprise the series-multiple connection array that constitutes by the units in series basic in parallel more than two.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201020652728 CN201878053U (en) | 2010-12-10 | 2010-12-10 | Solar energy control system capable of providing direct current (DC) power supply |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201020652728 CN201878053U (en) | 2010-12-10 | 2010-12-10 | Solar energy control system capable of providing direct current (DC) power supply |
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| CN201878053U true CN201878053U (en) | 2011-06-22 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN 201020652728 Expired - Lifetime CN201878053U (en) | 2010-12-10 | 2010-12-10 | Solar energy control system capable of providing direct current (DC) power supply |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102013853A (en) * | 2010-12-10 | 2011-04-13 | 广东美的电器股份有限公司 | Solar control system capable of providing direct-current power supply and control method thereof |
-
2010
- 2010-12-10 CN CN 201020652728 patent/CN201878053U/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102013853A (en) * | 2010-12-10 | 2011-04-13 | 广东美的电器股份有限公司 | Solar control system capable of providing direct-current power supply and control method thereof |
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| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| AV01 | Patent right actively abandoned |
Granted publication date: 20110622 Effective date of abandoning: 20130227 |
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| RGAV | Abandon patent right to avoid regrant |