CN201877989U - Electromagnetic combined USM - Google Patents

Electromagnetic combined USM Download PDF

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Publication number
CN201877989U
CN201877989U CN201020581574XU CN201020581574U CN201877989U CN 201877989 U CN201877989 U CN 201877989U CN 201020581574X U CN201020581574X U CN 201020581574XU CN 201020581574 U CN201020581574 U CN 201020581574U CN 201877989 U CN201877989 U CN 201877989U
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China
Prior art keywords
stepping motor
motor
fixed
shell
brush
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Expired - Fee Related
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CN201020581574XU
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
冯浩
华亮
丁立军
顾菊平
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Jiaxing University
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Jiaxing University
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Abstract

An electromagnetic combined USM (Ultra Sonic Motor) comprises a basal plate, wherein an open hole is formed on the basal plate; the USM is fixed on one end surface of the basal plate, and an output shaft of the USM extends out of the open hole on the basal plate; a shell of a stepping motor is fixed on the other end surface of the basal plate; a frame is arranged in the shell, and one end of the frame is fixedly connected with the output shaft of the USM; a rotating shaft of the stepping motor extends out of the frame and the shell from the other end of the frame, so as to drive a load; and electric brushes supplying electricity for the stepping motor are mounted between the frame and the shell. The stepping motor is adopted at the front section and the middle section in a control process, so as to drive the load and keep the USM to be fixed; and the USM is adopted at the tail section in the control process for driving the stepping motor to rotate. Since the stepping motor is adopted at the front section and the middle section to improve the control efficiency, the running time of the USM is shortened; and even though the control mode is switched over at the tail section, the control precision is still determined by the USM, so that the control property and the control precision are favorable.

Description

The electromagnetic acoustic combined motor
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of motor, specifically, relates to a kind of motor of electromagnetic acoustic combined type.
Background technology
Ultrasonic motor (USM) is a kind of New-type electric machine that developed recently gets up, and it utilizes the inverse piezoelectric effect of piezoelectric ceramic to produce ultrasonic vibration on stator, by with the friction of rotor coupling transmission of drive force.Because it has advantageous characteristic such as rotating speed is low, torque is big, positioning accuracy is high, power density is big, no electromagnetic interference, so be used widely in fields such as Aero-Space, robot, precision instruments.But owing to the transmission of drive force that is coupled by the friction with rotor, so the life-span is not long, the general effective time is less than 2000 hours, ultrasonic motor is used in the high-precision control system of operation continuously be restricted.Therefore, become widely used High Accuracy Control motor, must effectively improve the effective time of motor for really making ultrasonic motor.
Stepping motor is widely used in the various automation control systems as executive component.Under common drive controlling mode, stepping motor all can not perfectly adapt to the requirement of modern precision location and processing aspect control precision, velocity variations scope, low-speed performance.To improve the motor positioning accuracy and to improve the motor runnability is that the segmentation Driving technique of purpose can make stepping motor reach very high positioning accuracy, but adopt the micro-stepping driving of stepping motor circuit, the complexity of system is increased, and the step motor drive precision after the segmentation also depends on the factors such as segmentation Current Control precision of subdivision driver, the segmentation number is big more, the difficult more control of precision.As the high frequency starting the arc in the welding process and stabilising arc there is very serious high-frequency electromagnetic wave interference in drive circuit under the reality operating mode, adopt the stepping motor sub-circuit can greatly reduce the reliability and stability of system, driver will have quite high specification requirement and technological requirement, and cost also can be higher.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this utility model is a kind of electromagnetic acoustic combined motor of design, stepping motor and Traveling Ultrasonic motor compound be one, can have the characteristic advantage of stepping motor and ultrasonic motor concurrently, can overcome simultaneously stepping motor segmentation control complexity and short shortcoming of ultrasonic motor life-span, have characteristics such as positioning accuracy height, long service life.
The technical scheme that the utility model is taked is:
The electromagnetic acoustic combined motor comprises ultrasonic motor and stepping motor, also comprises: substrate which is provided with a perforate; Described ultrasonic motor is fixed on substrate one end face, stretches out the perforate of the output shaft of ultrasonic motor from substrate; The shell of described stepping motor is fixed on the substrate other end, be provided with support in the shell, one end of support is fixedlyed connected with the output shaft of ultrasonic motor, the rotating shaft of stepping motor is stretched out support and shell drive load from the other end of support, and the brush of promising stepping motor power supply is installed between described support and the shell.
Further, described support is installed in the shell, surrounds closed cavity by front end housing, rear end cap and circumferential side wall, and described front end housing is provided with perforate, and described rear end cap is fixedlyed connected with the output shaft of ultrasonic motor, is connected with brush between sidewall and the shell; One end of described rotating shaft stretches out the drive load from the perforate on support front end housing and the shell, and the other end is by bearing junctor base rear end lid; Described stepping motor also comprises: stator comprises the stator core that is fixed on the support sidewall, and is embedded in the stator winding in the stator core; Rotor is positioned in the rotating shaft that the stator core inner concentric is fixed in stepping motor.
Described ultrasonic motor comprises: casing, be fixed on substrate one end face; Stator is installed in the casing, comprises that one is fixed in the piezoelectric ceramic ring and the elastic ring that is fixed on the piezoelectric ceramic ring on the substrate, and described piezoelectric ceramic ring is powered along the thickness direction polarization and by sine and cosine two-phase ultrasonic power; Rotor, one end are fixed on the output shaft and connect a prestressing force nut that is fixed on the output shaft by a prestressed spring, the other end under the effect of prestressed spring against described elastic ring.
Be fixed with optical-electricity encoder on the shell of described stepping motor, be fixed with the coding circle grating that matches with optical-electricity encoder in the rotating shaft.
Slip ring base cover is installed on the support sidewall of described stepping motor, the slip ring base puts and is fixed with slip ring, offer the brush adjustment hole on the described shell, described brush one end is fixed in the brush adjustment hole by the prestressing force screw that a prestressed spring and is connected with prestressed spring, and the brush other end and slip ring are slidingly connected.
The fixed-site of corresponding brush is equipped with brush carriage on the described substrate, and described brush is installed on the brush carriage.
The stepped setting of the circumferential side wall of the support of described stepping motor is a depressed part near the rear end cap position wherein, is connected brush between the sidewall of described depressed part position and the shell.
The specified output driving torque of described ultrasonic motor is more than or equal to the specified output driving torque of stepping motor, static friction torque between ultrasonic motor output shaft and the stepping motor rear end cap is greater than the critical driving torque of stepping motor, and the critical driving torque of stepping motor is greater than the torque at rated load in the stepping motor rotating shaft.
Described stepping motor is p-m step motor or reaction stepping motor.
Major advantage of the present utility model is:
As above-mentioned structure of the present utility model, stepping motor and ultrasonic motor organic compound be one, have two kinds of mated condition when operation: a kind of is not power supply source of ultrasonic motor, the stator of stepping motor is pinned by the ultrasonic motor output shaft, stepping motor rotor rotates under the control of stator, and drives load; Another kind is that stepping motor is carried out a phase or a multiphase DC excitation, static relatively between the stator of stepping motor and the rotor at this moment, the operation of energising control ultrasonic motor, the rotation of ultrasonic motor output shaft drives the stepping motor support and rotates, and drive stepping motor rotor and stator rotate synchronously.Because stepping motor relies on brush and slip ring power supply, can effectively guarantee reliable power supply when the stepping motor support rotates.
In the controlling and driving process, step motor drive, promptly above-mentioned first kind of running status are adopted in control leading portion and control stage casing.When reaching the control latter end, motor is switched to ultrasonic motor drive promptly above-mentioned second kind of running status.Like this, just effectively reduced the actual run time of ultrasonic motor, the useful life of effectively improving ultrasonic motor; Simultaneously, owing to adopt step motor drive at control leading portion and control stage casing, can effectively improve the rotary speed of motor, improve control efficiency, and the control latter end adopts ultrasonic motor to drive, control precision still by the ultrasonic motor decision, has made full use of the ultrasonic motor fine control performance.
In addition, during the motor operation, optical-electricity encoder and the coding circle grating that is installed on the stepping motor output shaft match, and the rotation situation of record reflection stepping motor and ultrasonic motor guarantees control precision.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the utility model electromagnetic acoustic combined motor;
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of A-A section among Fig. 1.
Embodiment
Further specify architectural feature of the present utility model below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
Referring to Fig. 1, shown in Figure 2, the utility model electromagnetic acoustic combined motor comprises substrate 1, ultrasonic motor 2 and stepping motor 3, and described substrate 1 is provided with a perforate; Described ultrasonic motor 2 is fixed on substrate 1 one end faces, stretches out the perforate of output shaft 201 from substrate 1 of ultrasonic motor 2; The shell 301 of described stepping motor 3 is fixed on substrate 1 other end, be provided with support 302 in the shell 301, one end of support 302 is fixedlyed connected with the output shaft 201 of ultrasonic motor 2, the rotating shaft 303 of stepping motor 3 is stretched out support 302 and shell 301 drive loads from the other end of support 302, and the brush 304 of promising stepping motor 3 power supplies is installed between described support 302 and the shell 301.
Further, described support 302 is installed in the shell 301, surround closed cavity by front end housing 3021, rear end cap 3022 and circumferential side wall 3023, described front end housing 3021 is provided with perforate, described rear end cap 3022 is fixedlyed connected with the output shaft 201 of ultrasonic motor 2, between described brush 304 sidewalls 3023 and the shell 301; One end of described rotating shaft 303 stretches out the drive load from the perforate on support front end housing 3021 and the shell 301, and the other end connects support 302 rear end caps 3022 by bearing; Described stepping motor 3 also comprises: stator 305 comprises the stator core 3051 that is fixed on the support sidewall 2023, and is embedded in the stator winding 3052 in the stator core 3051; Rotor 306 is positioned in the rotating shaft 303 that stator core 3051 inner concentric are fixed in stepping motor 3.
Described ultrasonic motor 2 comprises: casing 202, be fixed on substrate 1 one end faces; Stator 203 is installed in the casing 202, comprises that one is fixed in the piezoelectric ceramic ring 2031 and the elastic ring 2032 that is fixed on the piezoelectric ceramic ring 2031 on the substrate 1, and described piezoelectric ceramic ring 2031 is powered along the thickness direction polarization and by sine and cosine two-phase ultrasonic power; Rotor 204, one end are fixed on the output shaft 201 and connect a prestressing force nut 206 that is fixed on the output shaft 201 by a prestressed spring 205, the other end under the effect of prestressed spring 205 against described elastic ring 2032.
Be fixed with optical-electricity encoder 4 on the shell 301 of described stepping motor 3, be fixed with the coding circle grating 5 that matches with optical-electricity encoder 4 in the rotating shaft 303.Optical-electricity encoder 4 and coding circle grating 5 match during operation, and the rotation situation of real time record reflection stepping motor 3 and ultrasonic motor 2 guarantees control precision.
Slip ring base cover 307 is installed on support 302 sidewalls 3023 of described stepping motor 3, be fixed with slip ring 308 on the slip ring base cover 307, offer brush adjustment hole 3011 on the described shell 301, described brush 304 1 ends are fixed in brush adjustment hole 3011 by a prestressed spring 309 with a prestressing force screw 310 that is connected with prestressed spring 309, and brush 304 other ends and slip ring 308 are slidingly connected.The fixed-site of corresponding brush 304 is equipped with brush carriage 311 on the described substrate 1, and described brush 304 is installed on the brush carriage 311.External power source is introduced by brush adjustment hole 3011, by being slidingly connected between brush 304 and the slip ring 308, supplies with stepping motor 3 by slip ring 308.
The circumferential side wall 3023 stepped settings of the support 302 of described stepping motor 3 are depressed part near rear end cap 3022 positions wherein, are connected brush 304 between the sidewall 3023 of described depressed part position and the shell 301.
The specified output driving torque of described ultrasonic motor 2 is more than or equal to the specified output driving torque of stepping motor 3, static friction torque between ultrasonic motor 2 output shafts 201 and stepping motor 3 rear end caps 3022 is greater than the critical driving torque of stepping motor 3, and the critical driving torque of stepping motor 3 is greater than the torque at rated load in stepping motor 3 rotating shafts 303.
Described stepping motor 3 is p-m step motor or reaction stepping motor.
The support 302 of stepping motor 3 is adding man-hour, and rear end cap 3,022 one end faces are connected with rotating shaft 303 by bearing, and support 302 is not stretched out in rotating shaft 303, fixedlys connected with ultrasonic motor 2 output shafts 201 in rear end cap 3022 other ends.Simultaneously, referring to Fig. 1, shown in Figure 2, slip ring 308 is installed on the sidewall 3023 in rear end cap 3022 outsides with one heart, slip ring 308 is installed on the slip ring base cover 307 that is provided with core insulation, the extracting power supply cord of stepping motor 3 links to each other with slip ring 308 respectively, and the number of phases on the quantity of slip ring 308 and stepping opportunity 3 is relevant.In order to improve stability, can be on substrate 1 the fixed-site brush carriage 311 of corresponding brush 304, brush 304 is installed on the brush carriage 311, and its two ends are connected and fixed slip ring 308 and prestressed spring 309 respectively, can regulate the tensioning degree of prestressed spring 309 by prestressing force screw 310.At last, shell 301 is installed is connected and fixed, coding circle grating 5 is installed in the rotating shaft 303 of stepping motor 3, optical-electricity encoder 4 is installed on the shell 301 with substrate 1.
According to said structure, stepping motor 3 and ultrasonic motor 2 are compound to be one, when operation two kinds of mated condition are arranged: a kind of is not power supply source of ultrasonic motor 2, the stator of stepping motor 3 is pinned by 305 ultrasonic motors, 2 output shafts 201, the rotor 306 of stepping motor 3 rotates under the control of stator 305, and drives load; Another kind is that stepping motor 3 is carried out a phase or a multiphase DC excitation, static relatively between the stator 305 of stepping motor 3 and the rotor 306 at this moment, 2 operations of energising control ultrasonic motor, 201 rotations of ultrasonic motor 2 output shafts drive stepping motor 3 supports 302 and rotate, and drive stepping motor 3 rotors 306 rotate synchronously with stator 305.Because stepping motor 3 relies on brush 304 and slip ring 308 power supplies, when 302 rotations of stepping motor 3 supports, can effectively guarantee reliable power supply.
In order to make full use of ultrasonic motor 2 fine control performance and stepping motor 3 rotating speeds are fast, control efficiency is high, the characteristics of long working life, the utility model adopts following control method control electromagnetic acoustic combined motor, comprises the steps:
1) makes the specified output driving torque of the specified output driving torque of the ultrasonic motor in the electromagnetic acoustic combined motor more than or equal to stepping motor, static friction torque between ultrasonic motor output shaft and the stepping motor rear end cap is greater than the critical driving torque of stepping motor, and the critical driving torque of stepping motor is greater than the torque at rated load in the stepping motor rotating shaft;
2) to the stepping motor pulse power supply, ultrasonic motor is power supply source not, and the stator of stepping motor is motionless, and the rotor rotation of stepping motor drives the rotating shaft rotation, and output drives load;
3) switch the stepping motor supply power mode, stepping motor is switched to direct current supply, stepping motor transfers DC excitation to, and is relative static between the stator of stepping motor and the rotor;
4) start ultrasonic motor, the support that the ultrasonic motor output shaft drives stepping motor rotates, and the stator and the rotor that drive stepping motor rotate synchronously, and the rotor drive rotating shaft output by stepping motor drives load;
5) close down ultrasonic motor, the support of stepping motor is followed the ultrasonic motor output shaft and is stopped operating, and the stator and the rotor of stepping motor stop operating synchronously, stepping motor rotating shaft stall;
6) close the direct current supply of stepping motor.
Switching the stepping motor supply power mode in the described step 3), is to adopt to increase step 2) in the pulse duration of pulse power supply realize.
In the above-mentioned control procedure, adopt stepping motor 3 to drive load at control leading portion and control stage casing, be that the maintenance of ultrasonic motor 2 no powers is static, because the static friction torque between stepping motor 3 rear end caps 3022 is greater than the critical driving torque of stepping motor 3, stepping motor 3 supports 302 keep static under the static friction torque effect, stator 305 is motionless, and rotor 306 rotates under pulse power supply, drives load by rotating shaft 303.Can effectively utilize stepping motor 3 rotating speeds characteristics faster like this, improve the speed and the efficient of control, also reduce the operating time and the loss of ultrasonic motor 2 simultaneously.
Reach latter end in control, be that load is during near the target location, stepping motor 3 is switched to DC excitation, and ultrasonic motor 2 energisings are rotated, because the critical driving torque of stepping motor 3 is greater than the torque at rated load in stepping motor 3 rotating shafts 303, the relative position of the stator rotor of stepping motor 3 is locked at this moment, the stator 305 and the rotor 306 of output shaft 201 drive stepping motor 3 of ultrasonic motor 2 rotate synchronously, rotating shaft 303 rotations that drive stepping motor 3 drive load, are in the low cruise state this moment.Like this, by ultrasonic motor 2 drive controlling, control precision is still by ultrasonic motor 2 decisions in control latter end load, made full use of ultrasonic motor 2 self fine control performance and control precision.When load arrives the target location, powered-down makes ultrasonic motor 2 out of service, stepping motor 3 is realized stopping fast under the effect of static friction torque thereupon, and the direct current supply of closing stepping motor 3 again contacts the stator 305 of stepping motor 3 and the lock-out state of rotor 306.

Claims (9)

1. the electromagnetic acoustic combined motor comprises ultrasonic motor and stepping motor; It is characterized in that, comprising: substrate which is provided with a perforate; Described ultrasonic motor is fixed on substrate one end face, stretches out the perforate of the output shaft of ultrasonic motor from substrate; The shell of described stepping motor is fixed on the substrate other end, be provided with support in the shell, one end of support is fixedlyed connected with the output shaft of ultrasonic motor, the rotating shaft of stepping motor is stretched out support and shell drive load from the other end of support, and the brush of promising stepping motor power supply is installed between described support and the shell.
2. electromagnetic acoustic combined motor as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described support is installed in the shell, surround closed cavity by front end housing, rear end cap and circumferential side wall, described front end housing is provided with perforate, described rear end cap is fixedlyed connected with the output shaft of ultrasonic motor, is connected with brush between sidewall and the shell; One end of described rotating shaft stretches out the drive load from the perforate on support front end housing and the shell, and the other end is by bearing junctor base rear end lid; Described stepping motor also comprises:
Stator comprises the stator core that is fixed on the support sidewall, and is embedded in the stator winding in the stator core;
Rotor is positioned in the rotating shaft that the stator core inner concentric is fixed in stepping motor.
3. electromagnetic acoustic combined motor as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described ultrasonic motor comprises:
Casing is fixed on substrate one end face;
Stator is installed in the casing, comprises that one is fixed in the piezoelectric ceramic ring and the elastic ring that is fixed on the piezoelectric ceramic ring on the substrate, and described piezoelectric ceramic ring is powered along the thickness direction polarization and by sine and cosine two-phase ultrasonic power;
Rotor, one end are fixed on the output shaft and connect a prestressing force nut that is fixed on the output shaft by a prestressed spring, the other end under the effect of prestressed spring against described elastic ring.
4. as claim 1 or 2 or 3 described electromagnetic acoustic combined motors, it is characterized in that, be fixed with optical-electricity encoder on the shell of described stepping motor, be fixed with the coding circle grating that matches with optical-electricity encoder in the rotating shaft.
5. as claim 2 or 3 described electromagnetic acoustic combined motors, it is characterized in that, slip ring base cover is installed on the support sidewall of described stepping motor, the slip ring base puts and is fixed with slip ring, offer the brush adjustment hole on the described shell, described brush one end is fixed in the brush adjustment hole by the prestressing force screw that a prestressed spring and is connected with prestressed spring, and the brush other end and slip ring are slidingly connected.
6. electromagnetic acoustic combined motor as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that the fixed-site of corresponding brush is equipped with brush carriage on the described substrate, and described brush is installed on the brush carriage.
7. as claim 2 or 3 described electromagnetic acoustic combined motors, it is characterized in that, the stepped setting of the circumferential side wall of the support of described stepping motor is a depressed part near the rear end cap position wherein, is connected brush between the sidewall of described depressed part position and the shell.
8. as claim 1 or 2 or 3 described electromagnetic acoustic combined motors, it is characterized in that, the specified output driving torque of described ultrasonic motor is more than or equal to the specified output driving torque of stepping motor, static friction torque between ultrasonic motor output shaft and the stepping motor rear end cap is greater than the critical driving torque of stepping motor, and the critical driving torque of stepping motor is greater than the torque at rated load in the stepping motor rotating shaft.
9. as claim 1 or 2 or 3 described electromagnetic acoustic combined motors, it is characterized in that described stepping motor is p-m step motor or reaction stepping motor.
CN201020581574XU 2010-10-29 2010-10-29 Electromagnetic combined USM Expired - Fee Related CN201877989U (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101976933A (en) * 2010-10-29 2011-02-16 嘉兴学院 Electromagnetic ultrasonic compound motor and control method thereof
CN103178744A (en) * 2013-03-26 2013-06-26 北京大学 Composite nano generator based on piezoelectric friction electromagnetism
WO2021068993A1 (en) * 2020-02-11 2021-04-15 南通大学 Composite motor having high-precision positioning

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101976933A (en) * 2010-10-29 2011-02-16 嘉兴学院 Electromagnetic ultrasonic compound motor and control method thereof
CN101976933B (en) * 2010-10-29 2012-11-14 嘉兴学院 Electromagnetic ultrasonic compound motor and control method thereof
CN103178744A (en) * 2013-03-26 2013-06-26 北京大学 Composite nano generator based on piezoelectric friction electromagnetism
WO2021068993A1 (en) * 2020-02-11 2021-04-15 南通大学 Composite motor having high-precision positioning

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GR01 Patent grant
C17 Cessation of patent right
CF01 Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee

Granted publication date: 20110622

Termination date: 20131029