The sprinkling truck
Technical field
The utility model relates to the improvement to sprinkling truck functional promotion and energy-conserving and environment-protective technology.
Background technology
Domestic sprinkling truck adopts following technical scheme at present: engine torque extraction device output (PTO) is directly connected to water pump, opens the water spray valve that needs then and just can sprinkle water.Spread liquid Snow Agent (water and solid Snow Agent dissolved matter) winter, watering in summer, flushing road face.At present, in the municipal environmental sanitation in cities such as Beijing, use this waterwheel and carry out spreading winter the liquid Snow Agent, the operation of sprinkling water summer.
The problem that this waterwheel operating type mainly exists:
Engine torque extraction device output PTO is directly connected to water pump, is open system.Come the control of pump rotating speed by the mode of stepping on the gas, thus the size of control output quantity.At present the water pump of adorning on the sprinkling truck is 1000L/min, and discharge capacity is very big, and this is in order to satisfy the watering in summer, to wash job requirements such as ground.When spreading the liquid Snow Agent winter, adopt this output quantity to carry out the snow melt operation, just seem too big.On the one hand, cause a large amount of Snow Agent wastes; The corrosion road face that excessive on the other hand Snow Agent is serious again.
Because water yield is bigger, not controlled by the driver.Therefore, no matter road surface accumulated snow size, a car liquid Snow Agent can only be spread about 2.5 kilometers usually.This has just caused serious manpower, financial resources waste.
In addition, this kind sprinkling truck is not equipped with snow removal with machine devices such as snow removing shovel or Snow cleaning brush, need lean on the snow melting of a large amount of liquid Snow Agent with the road surface if avenge when big, still, uses the corrosion road face that Snow Agent will be serious in a large number.
The utility model content
The utility model is at above problem, provide a kind of can be according to using needs to realize the sprinkling truck of the accurate control of watering, Snow Agent spreading, it can avoid excessive spreading Snow Agent to pollute urban environment, wastes financial resources, manpower.
The technical solution of the utility model is: comprise motor and sprinkler system, described motor has power power takeoff output shaft, and described sprinkler system comprises water tank, water pump and some water valves, and it also comprises controller and hydraulic pressure conversion equipment;
Described hydraulic pressure conversion equipment comprises oil pump, fuel tank, hydraulic control valve group and hydraulic motor; Described oil pump, hydraulic motor and hydraulic control valve group are communicated with fuel tank respectively; Described oil pump links to each other with described output shaft; The oil-out of oil pump is communicated with the oil-in of described hydraulic control valve group, and the oil-out of described hydraulic control valve group is communicated with described hydraulic motor;
Described hydraulic motor output shaft connects described water pump;
Described controller connects described hydraulic control valve group.
Described hydraulic control valve group comprises choke valve, control valve one, control valve two and overflow valve one, described oil pump oil-out is communicated with control valve one, control valve two and overflow valve one respectively, control valve one is communicated with described hydraulic motor and described choke valve respectively, and described choke valve, control valve two and overflow valve one are communicated with described fuel tank.
It also comprises snow cave shovel and/or snow brush device; Described snow cave shovel and/or snow brush device comprise at least one pair of hydraulic-driven executive item; Described hydraulic-driven executive item is communicated with described hydraulic control valve group.
Described oil pump comprises oil pump one and oil pump two, described hydraulic control valve group comprises the hydraulic circuit one of choke valve, control valve one, control valve two and overflow valve one, and the hydraulic circuit two that comprises control valve three, overflow valve two, reversal valve one, reversal valve two and control valve four;
The oil-out of described oil pump one is communicated with control valve one, control valve two and overflow valve one respectively, and control valve one is communicated with described hydraulic motor and described choke valve respectively, and described choke valve, control valve two and overflow valve one are communicated with described fuel tank;
The oil-out of described oil pump two is communicated with control valve three, overflow valve two, control valve four, reversal valve one and reversal valve two respectively, and described control valve four is communicated with described hydraulic-driven executive item one; Described control valve three, overflow valve two, reversal valve one and reversal valve two are communicated with described fuel tank respectively.
Described reversal valve one and reversal valve two also are circumscribed with hydraulic-driven executive item two, hydraulic-driven executive item three and/or hydraulic-driven executive item four respectively;
The a pair of oil circuit of described reversal valve one is communicated with described hydraulic-driven executive item two by hydraulic lock;
Establish hydraulic lock in a pair of oil circuit of described reversal valve two, connect described hydraulic-driven executive item three and hydraulic-driven executive item four more respectively, be serially connected with choke valve two before the hydraulic lock on the oil circuit in a pair of oil circuit of described reversal valve two, be serially connected with the unidirectional orientation overflow valve after the hydraulic lock, press valve also and be connected to hand-operated valve with choke valve two, hydraulic lock and unidirectional orientation overflow.
It also comprises conversion clutch, and described conversion clutch is located between described output shaft and the described oil pump, and described oil pump is linked to each other with described output shaft by described conversion clutch.
On the prior art basis, the utility model has increased input " rotating speed intelligence adjusting device " between vehicle motor and water pump, and it comprises controller and hydraulic pressure conversion equipment; Be equivalent between motor and water pump, increase a controlling unit that can accurately realize a small amount of or micro-spreading.Engine output shaft (PTO) is connected with hydraulic oil pump, and the oil pump oil-out enters the hydraulic control valve group, and hydraulic control valve road output connects hydraulic motor, and is last, drives water pump by hydraulic motor, and then the valve (water valve) of realizing respectively sprinkling water is located the control of hydraulic pressure.As described above, " rotating speed intelligence adjusting device " arranged after, avoided in the past winter during the spreading Snow Agent, the situation of " low load with strong power " makes the spreading operation in winter be different from the watering operation in summer.Secondly, consider that winter, the uneven situation of snow thicknes may appear in the road surface, more even for making the winter spreading, the utility model is also set up at parts such as snow cave shovel, snow brushes, i.e. snow removal with machine device is as snow blade or Snow cleaning brush.Can make the thick snow cover of face shovel the roadside like this, road surface accumulated snow attenuation is spread a spot of Snow Agent and just can.Supporting with it, be provided with corresponding control loop in the hydraulic pressure conversion equipment in " rotating speed intelligence adjusting device "; Can realize the exercises of relevant each hydraulic-driven executive item.
The utility model is adjusted the hydraulic valve block output flow by intelligence control system, has realized the automatic adjusting of the input speed of water pump, that is to say from the liquid Snow Agent or the discharge of water pump output to be controlled by program the controller.The driver can carry out the spreading operation according to road surface accumulated snow size.The size that spreading dosage on the unit area and Vehicle Speed be irrelevant, step on the gas with the driver is irrelevant.Certainly, prerequisite is that engine speed is greater than 1200rpm.
The utility model can be widely used in zone such as town road, airport roadway, Wharf Road, speedway shovel snow in winter (sweeping away snow), spread the liquid Snow Agent finishes snow removing, the watering in summer, cleans the road face.
The utility model has significantly reduced the corrosion of excessive Snow Agent road pavement owing to disposed " rotating speed intelligence adjusting device ".After possessing the intelligent spreading function, the driver can spread the liquid Snow Agent according to the snowfall size, compare with the work of traditional sprinkling truck, improved separate unit waterwheel operation distance greatly, reasonably carry out snow melt, reduce the corrosion of excessive Snow Agent road pavement, saved cost, saved the energy, avoided waste.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a structure principle chart of the present utility model
1 is output shaft among the figure, the 2nd, and oil pump, the 12nd, oil pump power shaft, the 3rd, hydraulic motor, the 4th, water pump, the 34th, water pump power shaft, the 5th, water valve, the 6th, water tank, the 7th, hydraulic-driven executive item, the 8th, fuel tank, the 9th, hydraulic control valve group;
Heavy line is the water route among the figure, and hollow arrow is a control circuit;
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the utility model hydraulic control valve group embodiment one, two
21 is oil pumps one, 22nd among the figure, oil pump two, 721st, hydraulic-driven executive item one, 911st, choke valve, the 912nd, control valve one, 913rd, control valve two, 914th, overflow valve one, 921st, control valve three, the 922nd, overflow valve two, 923rd, reversal valve one, 24th, reversal valve two, 925th, control valve four;
Double dot dash line frame I is a hydraulic circuit one among the figure, and II is a hydraulic circuit two;
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the utility model hydraulic control valve group embodiment three
722 is hydraulic-driven executive items two, 723rd among the figure, hydraulic-driven executive item three, 724th, hydraulic-driven executive item four, 926th, hand-operated valve, the 927th, unidirectional orientation overflow valve, the 928th, hydraulic lock.
The specific embodiment
The utility model is as shown in Figure 1: comprise motor and sprinkler system, described motor has power power takeoff output shaft (PTO) 1, and described sprinkler system comprises water tank 6, water pump 4 and some water valves 5, and it also comprises controller and hydraulic pressure conversion equipment;
Described hydraulic pressure conversion equipment comprises conversion clutch, oil pump 2, fuel tank 8, hydraulic control valve group 9 and hydraulic motor 3; Described oil pump 2, hydraulic motor 3 and hydraulic control valve group 9 are communicated with fuel tank 8 respectively; The power shaft 12 of described oil pump 2 links to each other with output shaft 1 by described conversion clutch; The oil-out of oil pump 2 is communicated with the oil-in of described hydraulic control valve group 9, and the oil-out of described hydraulic control valve group 9 is communicated with described hydraulic motor 3;
The output shaft of described hydraulic motor 3 connects the power shaft 34 of described water pump 4;
Described controller connects described hydraulic control valve group 9.
The purpose that conversion clutch wherein is set is the working time of reducing the hydraulic pressure conversion equipment, when normal driving, can avoid the work of hydraulic pressure conversion equipment.
First kind of embodiment of the present utility model as shown in Figure 2, described hydraulic control valve group 9 comprises choke valve 911, control valve 1, control valve 2 913 and overflow valve 1, the oil-out of described oil pump 2 is communicated with control valve 1, control valve 2 913 and overflow valve 1 respectively, control valve 1 is communicated with described hydraulic motor 3 and described choke valve 911 respectively, and described choke valve 911, control valve 2 913 and overflow valve 1 are communicated with described fuel tank 8.Hydraulic circuit one in the pie graph 2 among the double dot dash line frame I.
The operating principle of first kind of embodiment of the utility model is: power shaft 1 work, after hanging up properly conversion clutch, 12 work of oil pump 2 power shafts, oil pump 21 work, when control valve 913 is closed, oil pump 21 output oil are directly got back in the fuel tank 8 by control valve 913, and at this moment, the oil pressure of hydraulic circuit is very low.When control valve 913 work, hydraulic work system is set up, thereby the aperture of adjusting control valve 912 realizes motor 3 is carried out rotating speed control, and then dosage is sprayed in control, (as line clogging) hydraulic system pressure may increase thereupon when system load is excessive, when surpassing default safe pressure (914 setting pressure), system will produce overflow by overflow valve 914.Under overfall working condition, work for a long time and the heating of generation system for fear of hydraulic system, intelligent electric-controlled system detects M1 mouth oil pressure, when detecting the continuous operation in the time of 10 seconds under default pressure of M1 mouth oil pressure, electric-control system is with automatic closed control valve 913, hydraulic system quits work, after finishing the cleaning of line pipe road, can continue to devote oneself to work.The function that it can be realized is: by adjusting control valve 912 apertures, thereby adjust hydraulic motor 3 working speeds, along with change in rotational speed, sprinkling dosage on the unit area will change, the final purpose of this hydraulic system is exactly the rotating speed by electric-control system Based Intelligent Control motor, thereby the sprinkling dosage on guarantor unit's area and driver's setting value are consistent.
Second kind of embodiment of the present utility model is that it also comprises snow cave shovel and/or snow brush device; Described snow cave shovel or snow brush device comprise two couples of hydraulic-driven executive item 7[(722 and 723) or (722 and 724)]; Described hydraulic-driven executive item 7 is communicated with described hydraulic control valve group 9.
Described oil pump 2 comprises oil pump 1 and oil pump 2 22, described hydraulic control valve group 9 comprises hydraulic circuit one I of choke valve 911, control valve 1, control valve 2 913 and overflow valve 1, and hydraulic circuit two II that comprise control valve 3 921, overflow valve 2 922, reversal valve 1, reversal valve 2 924 and control valve 4 925; As shown in Figure 2;
The oil-out of described oil pump 1 is communicated with control valve 1, control valve 2 913 and overflow valve 1 respectively, control valve 1 is communicated with described hydraulic motor 3 and described choke valve 911 respectively, and described choke valve 911, control valve 2 913 and overflow valve 1 are communicated with described fuel tank 8;
The oil-out of described oil pump 2 22 is communicated with control valve 3 921, overflow valve 2 922, control valve 4 925, reversal valve 1 and reversal valve 2 924 respectively, and described control valve 4 925 is communicated with described hydraulic-driven executive item 1 (as a pair of snow brush motor); Described control valve 3 921, overflow valve 2 922, reversal valve 1 and reversal valve 2 924 are communicated with described fuel tank 8 respectively.
The operating principle of second kind of embodiment of the utility model is:
Hydraulic circuit one I: power shaft 1 work, hang up properly conversion clutch after, oil pump 2 power shaft work, oil pump 21 work, when control valve 913 was closed, oil pump 21 output oil were directly got back in the fuel tank 8 by control valve 913, at this moment, the oil pressure of hydraulic circuit is very low.When control valve 913 work, hydraulic work system is set up, thereby the aperture of adjusting control valve 912 realizes motor 3 is carried out rotating speed control, and then dosage is sprayed in control, (as line clogging) hydraulic system pressure may increase thereupon when system load is excessive, when surpassing default safe pressure (914 setting pressure), system will produce overflow by overflow valve 914.Under overfall working condition, work for a long time and the heating of generation system for fear of hydraulic system, intelligent electric-controlled system detects M1 mouth oil pressure, when detecting the continuous operation in the time of 10 seconds under default pressure of M1 mouth oil pressure, electric-control system is with automatic closed control valve 913, hydraulic system quits work, after finishing the cleaning of line pipe road, can continue to devote oneself to work.
The function that it can be realized is: by adjusting control valve 912 apertures, thereby adjust hydraulic motor 3 working speeds, along with change in rotational speed, sprinkling dosage on the unit area will change, the final purpose of this hydraulic system is exactly the rotating speed by electric-control system Based Intelligent Control motor, thereby the sprinkling dosage on guarantor unit's area and driver's setting value are consistent.
Hydraulic circuit two II: power shaft 1 work, hang up properly clutch after, oil pump 2 power shaft work, oil pump 22 work, when control valve 921 was closed, oil pump 22 output oil were directly got back in the fuel tank 8 by control valve 921, at this moment, the oil pressure of hydraulic circuit is very low.When control valve 921 work, hydraulic work system is set up, and opens reversal valve 923, and reversal valve 924 cuts out, and control valve 925 is closed, and provides Liang Yilu power oil output capable of reversing can carry out the adjustment of operating position, the left and right sides for snow cave shovel or brush; Open reversal valve 924, reversal valve 923 cuts out, and control valve 925 is closed, and provides Liang Yilu power oil output snow cave shovel capable of reversing or brush can carry out operating position adjustment up and down.Control valve 925 is brush work control valve, when the preposition brush of Multifunction snow removing vehicle, opens control valve 925, and reversal valve 923 cuts out, and reversal valve 924 cuts out, and brush is rotated snow removing.When the preposition snow cave shovel of Multifunction snow removing vehicle, do not need control valve 925, control valve 925 is closed.When hydraulic system pressure surpasses assigned work pressure (overflow valve 922 setting pressures), system will produce overflow by overflow valve 922.Under overfall working condition, work for a long time and the heating of generation system for fear of hydraulic system, intelligent electric-controlled system detects M2 mouth oil pressure, when detecting the continuous operation in the time of 10 seconds under default pressure of M2 mouth oil pressure, electric-control system is with automatic closed control valve 921, hydraulic system quits work, and checks that extraneous load variations is (too much as snow cave shovel or brush top accumulated snow; The inner accumulated snow of brush bristle is too much), after cleaning out, can continue to devote oneself to work.
The function that it can be realized is: realize extraneous snow cave shovel or the adjustment of brush operating position, just snow cave shovel or sweep count in down, the adjustment of operating position, the left and right sides.As the preposition brush of Multifunction snow removing vehicle, can close by unlatching or closed control valve 925 working in of brush of realization.
The third embodiment of the present utility model as shown in Figure 3,
Described reversal valve 1 and reversal valve 2 924 also are circumscribed with hydraulic-driven executive item 2 722 (as the snow cave shovel oscillating oil cylinder), hydraulic-driven executive item 3 723 (as the snow cave shovel hoist cylinder) or hydraulic-driven executive item 4 724 (brush hoist cylinder) respectively;
The a pair of oil circuit of described reversal valve 1 is communicated with described hydraulic-driven executive item 2 722 by hydraulic lock 928;
Establish hydraulic lock 928 in a pair of oil circuit of described reversal valve 2 924, connect described hydraulic-driven executive item 3 723 or hydraulic-driven executive item 4 724 more respectively, be serially connected with choke valve two before the hydraulic lock 928 on the oil circuit in a pair of oil circuit of described reversal valve 2 924, be serially connected with unidirectional orientation overflow (decompression) valve 927 after the hydraulic lock, go back and be connected to hand-operated valve 926 with choke valve two, hydraulic lock 928 and unidirectional orientation overflow valve 927.Hand-operated valve 926 adopts the high pressure manual ball valve, and its handle is external, so that switch.
The operating principle of the third embodiment of the utility model is: the A1-B1 hydraulic circuit is that the loop is adjusted in snow cave shovel or operating position, the brush left and right sides, when the A1 mouth is the power hydraulic fluid port, when the B1 mouth is oil return opening, the A1-B1 hydraulic circuit is adjusted snow cave shovel or the brush speed that swings through choke valve, bidirectional hydraulic lock is locked with this operating position when oil cylinder arrival assigned work position (that is when, snow cave shovel or brush reach the assigned work position); Otherwise working as the A1 mouth is oil return opening, when the B1 mouth is the power hydraulic fluid port, in like manner.
The function that it can be realized is: adjust snow cave shovel or operating position, the brush left and right sides.
The A2-B2 hydraulic circuit is that snow cave shovel or brush are adjusted the loop in the operating position up and down, when A2 is the power hydraulic fluid port, when B2 is oil return opening, the A2-B2 hydraulic circuit adjusts snow cave shovel through choke valve or brush promotes the decline operating rate, bidirectional hydraulic lock is locked with this operating position when oil cylinder arrival assigned work position (that is when, snow cave shovel or brush reach the assigned work position); Otherwise working as the A2 mouth is oil return opening, when the B2 mouth is the power hydraulic fluid port, in like manner.927 is the unidirectional orientation overflow valve, and its function is to avoid snow cave shovel or brush owing to the too heavy generation that causes falling suddenly is dangerous, steadily descends drop this its.926 manual ball valves are normally closed, when the preposition brush of Multifunction snow removing vehicle, because brush is an one-way cylinder, when brush is installed, open it, when promoting rocking bar change oil cylinder position up and down by external brush, with unnecessary fluid oil sump tank.
The function that it can be realized is: adjust snow cave shovel or brush operating position up and down.