CN201841443U - Magnetorheological jet polishing device - Google Patents
Magnetorheological jet polishing device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN201841443U CN201841443U CN2010205613485U CN201020561348U CN201841443U CN 201841443 U CN201841443 U CN 201841443U CN 2010205613485 U CN2010205613485 U CN 2010205613485U CN 201020561348 U CN201020561348 U CN 201020561348U CN 201841443 U CN201841443 U CN 201841443U
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Abstract
A magnetorheological jet polishing device comprises a machine tool. An axial moving device is connected to a spindle of the machine tool and connected with a magnetic field generating device which is used for providing a magnetic field, a jet nozzle for jetting magnetorheological fluid and forming a jet beam is arranged inside an electromagnetic coil in the magnetic field generating device, an inlet of the jet nozzle is connected with a recovery device through a magnetorheological fluid pipe, a workpiece to be processed and arranged in a protective cover is arranged under an outlet of the jet nozzle, and the protective cover is fixed on an operating platform of the machine tool. Besides, the recovery device comprises a container for containing magnetorheological fluid, an electric stirrer and a cooling filament which both extend into the magnetorheological fluid is arranged in the container, the outlet of the jet nozzle extends into a position which is a half of length of the electromagnetic coil, and a hollow cylindrical pure iron is sleeved on the inner side of the electromagnetic coil under the jet nozzle, and a magnetic shield body is arranged outside the electromagnetic coil.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to the Surface Finishing technical field of irregular workpiece, relates in particular to a kind of magnetic jet polishing processing unit (plant).
Background technology
Traditional grinding and polishing has very big restriction on using, along with the raising of required precision and the breakthrough of technology, the eighties in 20th century, the appearance of computer control optical surface forming technique (being called for short the CCOS technology) has improved the surface finishing processing of optical element greatly.The later stage nineties 20th century, the W. Kordonski at U.S. Rochester university optical technology center, V. Prokhorov and partner are applied to magnetorheological finished machined (MRF) in the processing of optical element, MRF has overcome many restrictions of traditional optical polishing process technology, its approach is very little, and surface cleaning, the no scratch of processing become a kind of at that time controlled certainty process technology.The people's such as Kordonski of QED company research, first patent of magnetic jet polishing technology is proposed, and thereby the people's such as Zhang Xuecheng of the National University of Defense technology afterwards magnetic jet polishing technology research realized the processed and applied of magnetic fluidics, begun to realize the application of magnetic jet polishing technology on the basis of these researchs.
Magnetic jet polishing technology combines abradant jet technology and magnetic rheology effect, also can break through simultaneously the processing of magnetic conductive material and the processing of complicated irregular curved surface, especially the processing of nose centrum workpiece, it is more stable relatively that it removes function, be called as a kind of deterministic polishing process technology, there is definite processing to remove function, can control machining path preferably, realize that face shape error is the precision surface that tens nanometers and surface roughness reach several dusts, stability better, range of application is wider, and magnetic flow liquid can recycle, and has reduced the grinding tool wearing and tearing.
Existing Technique of Magnetorheological Finishing and magnetic jet polishing technology at processing object be mainly optical element or glass part, rare breakthrough aspect processing object and processing unit (plant).Control and implementation method for magnetic flow liquid are still restricted, fail to obtain satisfied effect.
Summary of the invention
The utility model will overcome the deficiency that existing Technique of Magnetorheological Finishing and magnetic jet polishing technology can not be processed at magnetic conductive material, and a kind of magnetic jet polishing processing unit (plant) that can carry out finished machined to magnetic conductive material is provided.
The technical solution of the utility model is:
A kind of magnetic jet polishing processing unit (plant), comprise lathe, be connected with on the main shaft of described lathe and make lathe realize the x axle, the y axle, the moving device of axle of z axle motion, the moving device of described axle be used to provide the field generator for magnetic in magnetic field to link to each other, the inside of the solenoid in the described field generator for magnetic is provided with and is used to spray magnetic flow liquid and makes it form the nozzle of jet beam, the inlet of described nozzle links to each other by magnetic flow liquid Guan Yuyi retracting device, be provided with the workpiece to be processed that places protective cover under the outlet of described nozzle, described protective cover is fixed on the described operation of machine tool platform; Described retracting device comprises the receptacle that holds magnetic flow liquid, be provided with the electric mixer and the cooling silk that stretch into described magnetic flow liquid in the described receptacle, it is characterized in that: 1/2 place of the length of described solenoid is stretched in the outlet of described nozzle, the inboard of described solenoid below described nozzle is with the hollow cylinder pure iron, and the outside of described solenoid is provided with magnetic shield.
Further, described nozzle is high magnetic permeability material.
Further, described magnetic shield is the silicon steel sheet that multilayer has high magnetic permeability.
Further, the bottom of described protective cover is provided with the return duct that communicates with described receptacle, and described return duct stretches in the described receptacle by a filter.
Further, also be provided with a thermometer in the described receptacle.
Further, on the pipeline of described magnetic flow liquid pipe membrane pump is housed.
Further, the central axis of the central axis of described solenoid and described nozzle is on coaxial.
During use, the common engraving machine of machine adopted can realize that computer accurately controls three-dimensional localization, realizes x axle, y axle, the motion of z axle, and comes that according to the processing characteristics of workpiece lathe is controlled machining path and realize.The main shaft of lathe can be realized motion with the MACH program of engraving machine.The magnetic flow liquid that adds abrasive particle fully stirs by electric mixer in receptacle, suction through membrane pump, from have the nozzle that adds external magnetic field, spray, solenoid energising around the nozzle produces the magnetic field that is parallel to the jet beam direction later, make the ferromagnetic particle in the magnetic flow liquid form magnetic chain longitudinally, can stablize jet beam and be ejected into surface of the work collimatedly.According to the procedure operation of lathe itself to the main shaft establishment of lathe, can carry out manual operations to operating platform, with auxiliary work-piece processing, determine process time according to the machining accuracy of processing work.The magnetic flow liquid that is ejected into surface of the work loses the magnetic field effect, becomes the Newtonian fluid state, and under the gravity effect, flows in the protective cover.Flow into the magnetic flow liquid of protective cover, be back to via return duct in the receptacle of retracting device, retracting device filtered by the filter in the return duct before reclaiming, and filtered the chip that produces in the process, avoided processing the processing effect that grinding influences magnetic flow liquid simultaneously.The interaction of magnetic flow liquid in process and between the workpiece can make its intensification, so adopt the cooling silk to cool off, magnetic flow liquid after the process agitator fully stirs will carry out thermometric with thermometer, to ensure to the cooling silk with suitable temperature, the magnetic flow liquid of appropriate viscosity and suitable temperature carries out cyclic process through membrane pump more then.
In the process, change the size of externally-applied magnetic field by the size that changes the electric current in the solenoid, and the outlet pressure of the regulating membrane pump muzzle velocity of regulating jet beam in the nozzle, can use the high frequency camera to take the situation of jet beam, determine that its speed is also controlled, thereby make that the pressure of surface of the work is suitable, the processing effect of control workpiece and removal efficient.The fixing of workpiece can adopt vacuum cup to realize simultaneously, also can realize by corresponding anchor clamps.In receptacle, draw magnetic flow liquid for the ease of membrane pump, can partly use bowl dress suction inlet at suction inlet, in order to avoid the obstruction in the use.
Field generator for magnetic as shown in Figure 2, guarantee steady straight jet beam by nozzle, the nozzle that adopts high magnetic conductive material to make, and the outlet of assurance nozzle is about 1/2 place of whole solenoid length, serve as iron core in solenoid inside, better centered magnetic field intensity, and reduce the volume of solenoid.Solenoid adopts horse-ride step formula winding, realize uniform magnetic field, the inboard of solenoid below described nozzle is with the hollow cylinder pure iron simultaneously, serve as part iron core function, because pure iron has higher magnetic conductivity, guarantees that solenoid provides the uniform magnetic field of trying one's best, and solenoid needs the support of a basic support, nozzle also serves as the part iron core of solenoid, improves the magnetic field intensity of solenoid.The number of turn of solenoid, diameter of wire, coil outer diameter, internal diameter, height etc. are all finished according to electromagnet design.The magnetic shield that the multilayer high magnetic permeability silicon steel sheet that the solenoid periphery is provided with is made can prevent effectively that promptly workpiece to be processed is magnetized, under same electric current at double raise the magnetic field intensity that solenoid produces, can make solenoid avoid magnetic flow liquid again corrodes, being convenient to the recovery of magnetic flow liquid, is the key that realizes magnetic conductive material processing.Connection between the fixing and workpiece of magnetic shield realizes by trip bolt.Whole field generator for magnetic designs according to the needed magnetic field intensity of processing, and applicability is stronger.
The utlity model has following advantage:
(1) nozzle in the field generator for magnetic adopts high magnetic conductive material to make, and serves as iron core in solenoid inside, can reduce the volume of solenoid, and makes magnetic field concentration in nozzle exit, better retrains jet beam.
(2) the hollow cylinder pure iron that is with of the inboard of the upper end of solenoid serves as part iron core function, realizes the requirement of uniform magnetic field substantially, guarantees that field generator for magnetic can provide enough magnetic field intensities.
(3) magnetic shield made of the multilayer high magnetic permeability silicon steel sheet that is provided with of solenoid periphery can prevent effectively that workpiece to be processed is magnetized, and influences processing effect, and under same electric current at double raise the magnetic field intensity that solenoid produces.
(4) protective cover of the periphery of magnetic shield is used for the recovery of magnetic flow liquid.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present utility model.
Fig. 2 is the cutaway view of field generator for magnetic.
The specific embodiment
The utility model is described in further detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing:
With reference to Fig. 1-Fig. 2, a kind of magnetic jet polishing processing unit (plant) described in the utility model, comprise lathe 1, be connected with on the main shaft 11 of described lathe 1 and make lathe 1 realize the x axle, the y axle, the moving device 12 of axle of z axle motion, the moving device 12 of described axle be used to provide the field generator for magnetic 2 in magnetic field to link to each other, the inside of the solenoid 24 in the described field generator for magnetic 2 is provided with and is used to spray magnetic flow liquid 6 and makes it form the nozzle 21 of jet beam 61, the inlet of described nozzle 21 links to each other with a retracting device 3 by magnetic flow liquid pipe 62, be provided with the workpiece to be processed 5 that places protective cover 4 under the outlet of described nozzle 21, described protective cover 4 is fixed on the operating platform of described lathe 1; Described retracting device 3 comprises the receptacle 34 that holds magnetic flow liquid, be provided with the electric mixer 31 and the cooling silk 32 that stretch into described magnetic flow liquid in the described receptacle 34,1/2 place of the length of described solenoid 24 is stretched in the outlet of described nozzle 21, the inboard of described solenoid 24 below described nozzle 21 is with hollow cylinder pure iron 25, and the outside of described solenoid 24 is provided with magnetic shield 23.
Described nozzle 21 is high magnetic permeability material.
Described magnetic shield 23 has the silicon steel sheet of high magnetic permeability for multilayer.
The bottom of described protective cover 4 is provided with the return duct 65 that communicates with described receptacle 34, and described return duct 65 stretches in the described receptacle 34 by a filter 63.
Also be provided with a thermometer 33 in the described receptacle 34.
The central axis of the central axis of described solenoid 24 and described nozzle 21 is on coaxial.
During use, lathe 1 adopts common engraving machine, can realize that computer accurately controls three-dimensional localization, realizes x axle, y axle, the motion of z axle, and comes that according to the processing characteristics of workpiece 5 lathe is controlled machining path and realize.The main shaft 11 of lathe 1 can be realized motion with the MACH program of engraving machine.The magnetic flow liquid 6 that adds abrasive particle fully stirs by electric mixer 31 in receptacle 34, suction through membrane pump 64, ejection from have the nozzle 21 that adds external magnetic field, solenoid 24 energisings around the nozzle 21 produce the magnetic field that is parallel to jet beam 61 directions later, make the ferromagnetic particle in the magnetic flow liquid 6 form magnetic chain longitudinally, can stablize jet beam 61 and be ejected into workpiece 5 surfaces collimatedly.According to lathe 1 procedure operation that the main shaft 11 of lathe 1 is worked out own, can carry out manual operations to operating platform, with auxiliary work-piece 5 processing, determine process time according to the machining accuracy of processing work 5.The magnetic flow liquid 6 that is ejected into workpiece 5 surfaces loses the magnetic field effect, becomes the Newtonian fluid state, and under the gravity effect, flows in the protective cover 4.Flow into the magnetic flow liquid 6 of protective cover 4, be back to via return duct 65 in the receptacle 34 of retracting device 3, retracting device 3 filtered by the filter in the return duct 65 63 before reclaiming, filter the chip that produces in the process, avoid processing the processing effect that grinding influences magnetic flow liquid 6 simultaneously.Magnetic flow liquid 6 in process and the interaction between the workpiece 5 can make its intensification, so adopt cooling silk 32 to cool off, to carry out thermometric with thermometer 33 through the magnetic flow liquid 6 after agitator 31 abundant the stirrings, to ensure to cooling silk 32 with suitable temperature, the magnetic flow liquid 6 of appropriate viscosity and suitable temperature carries out cyclic process through membrane pump 64 more then.
In the process, change the size of externally-applied magnetic field by the size that changes the electric current in the solenoid 24, and the outlet pressure of regulating membrane pump 64 muzzle velocity of regulating jet beam 61 in the nozzle 21, can use the high frequency camera to take the situation of jet beam 61, determine that its speed is also controlled, thereby make that the pressure on workpiece 5 surfaces is suitable, the processing effect of control workpiece 5 and removal efficient.The fixing of workpiece 5 can adopt vacuum cup 51 to realize simultaneously, also can realize by corresponding anchor clamps.Draw magnetic flow liquid 6 for the ease of membrane pump 64 for 34 li at receptacle, can partly use bowl dress suction inlet at suction inlet, in order to avoid the obstruction in the use.
Field generator for magnetic 2 as shown in Figure 2, guarantee steady straight jet beam 61 by nozzle 21, the nozzle 21 that adopts high magnetic conductive material to make, and the outlet of assurance nozzle 21 is about 1/2 place of whole solenoid 24 length, serve as iron core in solenoid 24 inside, better centered magnetic field intensity, and reduce the volume of solenoid.Solenoid 24 adopts horse-ride step formula winding, realize uniform magnetic field, the inboard of solenoid 24 below described nozzle 21 is with hollow cylinder pure iron 25 simultaneously, serve as part iron core function, because pure iron 25 has higher magnetic conductivity, guarantee that solenoid 24 provides the uniform magnetic field of trying one's best, and solenoid 24 needs the support of a basic support 22, nozzle 21 also serves as the part iron core of solenoid 24, improves the magnetic field intensity of solenoid 24.The number of turn of solenoid 24, diameter of wire, coil outer diameter, internal diameter, height etc. are all finished according to electromagnet design.The magnetic shield 23 that the multilayer high magnetic permeability silicon steel sheet that solenoid 24 peripheries are provided with is made can prevent effectively that promptly workpiece to be processed 5 is magnetized, under same electric current at double raise the magnetic field intensity that solenoid 24 produces, can make solenoid 24 avoid magnetic flow liquid 6 again corrodes, being convenient to the recovery of magnetic flow liquid 6, is the key that realizes magnetic conductive material processing.Connection between the fixing and workpiece 5 of magnetic shield 23 realizes by trip bolt 26.Whole field generator for magnetic 2 designs according to the needed magnetic field intensity of processing, and applicability is stronger.
The described content of this specification embodiment only is enumerating the way of realization of utility model design; protection domain of the present utility model should not be regarded as only limiting to the concrete form that embodiment states, protection domain of the present utility model also reach in those skilled in the art according to the utility model design the equivalent technologies means that can expect.
Claims (7)
1. magnetic jet polishing processing unit (plant), comprise lathe, be connected with on the main shaft of described lathe and make lathe realize the x axle, the y axle, the moving device of axle of z axle motion, the moving device of described axle be used to provide the field generator for magnetic in magnetic field to link to each other, the inside of the solenoid in the described field generator for magnetic is provided with and is used to spray magnetic flow liquid and makes it form the nozzle of jet beam, the inlet of described nozzle links to each other by magnetic flow liquid Guan Yuyi retracting device, be provided with the workpiece to be processed that places protective cover under the outlet of described nozzle, described protective cover is fixed on the described operation of machine tool platform; Described retracting device comprises the receptacle that holds magnetic flow liquid, be provided with the electric mixer and the cooling silk that stretch into described magnetic flow liquid in the described receptacle, it is characterized in that: 1/2 place of the length of described solenoid is stretched in the outlet of described nozzle, the inboard of described solenoid below described nozzle is with the hollow cylinder pure iron, and the outside of described solenoid is provided with magnetic shield.
2. a kind of magnetic jet polishing processing unit (plant) according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described nozzle is high magnetic permeability material.
3. a kind of magnetic jet polishing processing unit (plant) according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described magnetic shield is the silicon steel sheet that multilayer has high magnetic permeability.
4. a kind of magnetic jet polishing processing unit (plant) according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the bottom of described protective cover is provided with the return duct that communicates with described receptacle, and described return duct stretches in the described receptacle by a filter.
5. a kind of magnetic jet polishing processing unit (plant) according to claim 4 is characterized in that: also be provided with a thermometer in the described receptacle.
6. a kind of according to claim 1 or 5 magnetic jet polishing processing unit (plant) is characterized in that: on the pipeline of described magnetic flow liquid pipe membrane pump is housed.
7. a kind of magnetic jet polishing processing unit (plant) according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: the central axis of described solenoid and the central axis of described nozzle are on coaxial.
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