CN201812045U - Ultrasonic snow depth measuring instrument - Google Patents
Ultrasonic snow depth measuring instrument Download PDFInfo
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- CN201812045U CN201812045U CN201020534774XU CN201020534774U CN201812045U CN 201812045 U CN201812045 U CN 201812045U CN 201020534774X U CN201020534774X U CN 201020534774XU CN 201020534774 U CN201020534774 U CN 201020534774U CN 201812045 U CN201812045 U CN 201812045U
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- snow depth
- depth measuring
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Abstract
The utility model discloses an ultrasonic snow depth measuring instrument, which comprises an ultrasonic probe, a host and a temperature compensation circuit, wherein the ultrasonic probe is provided with a transmitting device and a receiving device, the receiving device is connected with a preamplifier, and the preamplifier amplifies the signals received by the receiving device and reflected from the snow surface; the host is provided with a post amplifier, a digital processing circuit and a microprocessor; the post amplifier is connected with the preamplifier and amplifies the signals again, and then the amplified signals are transmitted to the digital processing circuit and transmitted to the microprocessor for analysis; and the temperature compensation circuit is used for sensing temperature and transmitting the acquired temperature signals to the host. The ultrasonic snow depth measuring instrument can greatly reduce the manpower cost, and has the characteristics of small test error and high precision.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to meteorologic parameter automatic measuring equipment field, relates to a kind of ultrasound wave snow depth measuring instrument in particular, and it can measure the thickness of snowfall and in real time measurement result be beamed back user receiving station according to the sequential self-timing of customer requirements.
Background technology
Snow disaster was more serious in recent years, the loss that is caused by snow disaster is also quite big, minimum for the loss of snow disaster being dropped to, the most primary just need have one accurately and timely to grasp the information of snowfall, such as the thickness of current snow and the snowfall in the unit interval or the like.
At present, the measurement of the open-air snow depth of China remains the method that adopts the artificial visually examine, and it specifically is at the snow depth observation field wooden or iron meter ruler to be set vertically, reads snow depth numerical value on the meter ruler with artificial visual method, and its accuracy of reading is to 1cm; In the ordinary course of things, regulation is respectively observed once 8 o'clock every days, 12 o'clock and 18 o'clock, and under the heavy snow situation, then can take the circumstances into consideration intensive measurement, thereby guarantees to obtain enough data; Then the snow depth data that observe are recorded in the snow depth observational record table in accordance with regulations, and are sent to weather station by phone.
But there is following defective at least in above-mentioned metering system:
One, each measurement all needs survey crew to take action in person, so have the defective that efficiency of measurement is low and human cost is high, artificial visually examine's limitation is strong simultaneously, and its degree of accuracy only can reach 1cm, promptly also has the low defective of degree of accuracy;
Two, when running into situation such as heavy snow, owing to be to adopt manual measurement, measure the place so can not allow survey crew be in round-the-clockly, thereby make that adjacent twice time interval can not be too short, i.e. existence can't obtain the defective of valid data thus;
At the problems referred to above, abroad the someone has developed ultrasound wave snow depth measuring instrument at present, but its only snow survey sensor quotation be 13.041 ten thousand yuan, temperature sensor is 0.739 ten thousand yuan, main frame is 1.788 ten thousand yuan, adds other annexes and training on installation expense, adds up to 17.0956 ten thousand yuan; Promptly also have the too high defective of cost, in addition, the precision index of its measurement is also relatively poor, only can reach 1cm.
In view of this, the inventor has this case to produce at the above-mentioned defective further investigation of existing snow depth measurement scheme then.
The utility model content
The purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of ultrasound wave snow depth measuring instrument, and measuring accuracy is low and measure the high problem of cost when solving that snow depth is measured in the prior art.
In order to reach above-mentioned purpose, solution of the present utility model is:
A kind of ultrasound wave snow depth measuring instrument wherein, comprising:
Ultrasonic probe has ballistic device and receiving device, and this receiving device also is connected with prime amplifier, and this prime amplifier receives the signal that reflects from the snow face with receiving device and amplifies;
Main frame which is provided with post amplifier, digital processing circuit and microprocessor, and this post amplifier links to each other with prime amplifier and signal is amplified once more, send into digital processing circuit again after, be admitted to microprocessor analysis;
Temperature-compensation circuit is used for sensing temperature and the temperature signal that obtains is passed to main frame.
Further, this ultrasound wave snow depth measuring instrument also comprises the cylinder record of leading that is located at the ultrasonic probe periphery and is used to control the ultrasound beamformer angle.
Further, to adopt frequency of operation respectively be T40-16 transmitting transducer and the R40-16 receiving transducer of 40KHz for this ballistic device and receiving device.
Further, this temperature-compensation circuit comprises temperature sensor, operational amplifier and the A/D converter of cascade successively, this A/D converter links to each other with main frame, this temperature sensor carries out sensing to temperature, and the temperature signal that obtains is transferred to operational amplifier, after the amplification of operational amplifier, by then digital temperature signal being transferred to main frame after the A/D converter sampling.
Further, this temperature sensor is arranged in the shady and cool ventilation position and is arranged on hyperacoustic transmission channel.
After adopting said structure, a kind of ultrasound wave snow depth measuring instrument that the utility model relates to, under the control of main frame, ballistic device in the ultrasonic probe is launched ultrasound wave, after this ultrasound wave reflects via the snow face, receive, and amplify via prime amplifier and be received device, matched well is carried out in this prime amplifier and receiving device impedance, and has the characteristics of low noise and high-gain; Be transferred to then in the main frame, this main frame can be analyzed and obtain concrete signal after carrying out secondary treating by post amplifier and digital processing circuit, can draw the time interval between ultrasonic emitting and the reception thus; Simultaneous temperature compensating circuit energy measurement obtains the temperature value in the ultrasonic transmission path, this moment, microprocessor binding time interval and temperature value can accurately obtain current snow depth, because the utility model adopts automatic metering system fully, and its microprocessor can be set to timing mode and carry out the timing automatic measurement, the utility model need not manually to arrive the scene fully thus, thereby can reduce human cost greatly; Simultaneously because the utility model is all considering also have the effect that measuring error is little, degree of accuracy is high thus in the signal analysis and in the temperature compensation.
Description of drawings
The theory diagram of a kind of ultrasound wave snow depth measuring instrument that Fig. 1 relates to for the utility model;
Fig. 2 is a kind of concrete internal frame diagram of temperature-compensation circuit among Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the principle schematic of the utility model supersonic sounding.
Among the figure:
Ultrasound wave snow depth measuring instrument 100
Receiving device 12 prime amplifiers 13
Temperature-compensation circuit 3 temperature sensors 31
Operational amplifier 32 A/D converters 33
Support 4
Embodiment
In order further to explain the technical solution of the utility model, the utility model is elaborated below by specific embodiment.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of ultrasound wave snow depth measuring instrument 100 that relates to for the utility model shown in it comprises ultrasonic probe 1, main frame 2 and temperature-compensation circuit 3, wherein:
This ultrasonic probe 1 has ballistic device 11 and receiving device 12, and this ballistic device 11 is used for ultrasonic signal is sent, and this receiving device 12 then is used for ultrasonic signal is received; Concrete, it is T40-16 transmitting transducer and the R40-16 receiving transducer of 40KHz that this ballistic device 11 and receiving device 12 adopt frequency of operation respectively, because what adopt is the frequency of operation of 40KHZ, thereby can avoid the interference of main environment noise (as the mechanical noise of traffic noise, rain noise, factory and biological noise etc., its noise spectrum generally is no more than 20KHz); Preferably, this ultrasonic probe 1 periphery also be covered be used to control the ultrasound beamformer angle lead the cylinder record (not shown), lead the design of cylinder record by this, can make wave beam wide from original becoming more than 30 ° about 4 °, this variation can make acoustic energy power strengthen about 60 times, can also limit the interference of snowflake to measuring in noise outside the beam direction and the atmosphere.This receiving device 12 also is connected with prime amplifier 13, and this prime amplifier 13 receives the signal that reflects from the snow face with receiving device 12 and amplifies, thereby makes and can have preferable reception to the reflected signal of snow face.
This main frame 2 which is provided with post amplifier 21, digital processing circuit 22 and microprocessor 23, and this post amplifier 21 links to each other with prime amplifier 13 and signal is amplified once more, send into digital processing circuit 22 again after, be admitted to microprocessor 23 analysis; This post amplifier 21 specifically can adopt the technology of applying for before the applicant in 200910042148.0,
This temperature-compensation circuit 3 is used for sensing temperature and the temperature signal that obtains is passed to main frame 2.Concrete, please refer to shown in Figure 3ly, shown in it is the principle of the utility model supersonic sounding, it is fixedly mounted on liftoff approximately L with ultrasonic probe 1
0Support 4 on, by a branch of ultrasound wave of the Vertical Launch earthward of popping one's head in, after snow face or ground surface launching, return ultrasonic probe 1 through the burst pulse modulation, experienced the distance of 2L therebetween.If sound wave velocity of propagation in atmosphere is C, sound wave is T through the time of 2L distance, then has:
By following formula as seen, as long as accurate C of survey and T just can accurately calculate L.Wherein the measurement of T is fairly simple, and the timer in this case in the microprocessor 23 promptly can be used for measuring T, and its error also can accomplish 1 μ s easily, and the range error of being brought is much smaller than 1mm.And for C, it is main relevant with the temperature of atmosphere, and its concrete formula is:
C＝331.45+0.607t(m/s)
Wherein: t is a temperature in the formula, so the temperature that how accurately to record on temperature, especially the ultrasound wave actual motion stroke is then more crucial.A kind of specific embodiments as temperature-compensation circuit 3, as shown in Figure 2, this temperature-compensation circuit 3 comprises the temperature sensor 31 of cascade successively, operational amplifier 32 and A/D converter 33, this A/D converter 33 links to each other with main frame 2,31 pairs of temperature of this temperature sensor are carried out sensing, and the temperature signal that obtains is transferred to operational amplifier 32, after the amplification of operational amplifier 32, by then digital temperature signal being transferred to main frame 2 after A/D converter 33 samplings, relevant algorithm then can prestore in the main frame 2, when and calculate velocity of propagation C and transmission time T, and calculate L in conjunction with formula, this moment, snow depth h was L
0-L.For this temperature sensor 31, it is provided with optimum seeking site for being arranged in the shady and cool ventilation position and being arranged on hyperacoustic transmission channel, so just can make the temperature of measuring can be more accurate, thereby improves the measuring accuracy of snow depth.
In sum, a kind of ultrasound wave snow depth measuring instrument 100 that the utility model relates to, under the control of main frame 2, ballistic device 11 in the ultrasonic probe 1 is launched ultrasound wave, after this ultrasound wave reflects via the snow face, receive, and amplify via prime amplifier 13 and be received device 12, this prime amplifier 13 carries out matched well with receiving device 12 impedances, and has the characteristics of low noise and high-gain; Be transferred to then in the main frame 2, this main frame 2 can be analyzed and obtain concrete signal after carrying out secondary treating by post amplifier 21 and digital processing circuit 22, can draw the time interval between ultrasonic emitting and the reception thus; Simultaneous temperature compensating circuit 3 energy measurements obtain the temperature value in the ultrasonic transmission path, this moment, microprocessor 23 binding times interval and temperature value can accurately obtain current snow depth, because the utility model adopts automatic metering system fully, and its microprocessor 23 can be set to timing mode and carry out the timing automatic measurement, the utility model need not manually to arrive the scene fully thus, thereby can reduce human cost greatly; Simultaneously because the utility model is all considering then have the little and high characteristics of degree of accuracy of measuring error thus in the signal analysis and in the temperature compensation.
The foregoing description and graphic and non-limiting product form of the present utility model and style, any person of an ordinary skill in the technical field all should be considered as not breaking away from patent category of the present utility model to its suitable variation or modification of doing.
Claims (5)
1. a ultrasound wave snow depth measuring instrument is characterized in that, comprising:
Ultrasonic probe has ballistic device and receiving device, and this receiving device also is connected with prime amplifier, and this prime amplifier receives the signal that reflects from the snow face with receiving device and amplifies;
Main frame which is provided with post amplifier, digital processing circuit and microprocessor, and this post amplifier links to each other with prime amplifier and signal is amplified once more, send into digital processing circuit again after, be admitted to microprocessor analysis;
Temperature-compensation circuit is used for sensing temperature and the temperature signal that obtains is passed to main frame.
2. a kind of ultrasound wave snow depth measuring instrument as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that this ultrasound wave snow depth measuring instrument also comprises the cylinder record of leading that is located at the ultrasonic probe periphery and is used to control the ultrasound beamformer angle.
3. a kind of ultrasound wave snow depth measuring instrument as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, it is T40-16 transmitting transducer and the R40-16 receiving transducer of 40KHz that this ballistic device and receiving device adopt frequency of operation respectively.
4. a kind of ultrasound wave snow depth measuring instrument as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, this temperature-compensation circuit comprises temperature sensor, operational amplifier and the A/D converter of cascade successively, this A/D converter links to each other with main frame, this temperature sensor carries out sensing to temperature, and the temperature signal that obtains is transferred to operational amplifier, after the amplification of operational amplifier, by then digital temperature signal being transferred to main frame after the A/D converter sampling.
5. a kind of ultrasound wave snow depth measuring instrument as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that this temperature sensor is arranged in the shady and cool ventilation position and is arranged on hyperacoustic transmission channel.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201020534774XU CN201812045U (en) | 2010-09-14 | 2010-09-14 | Ultrasonic snow depth measuring instrument |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201020534774XU CN201812045U (en) | 2010-09-14 | 2010-09-14 | Ultrasonic snow depth measuring instrument |
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| CN201812045U true CN201812045U (en) | 2011-04-27 |
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| CN201020534774XU Expired - Fee Related CN201812045U (en) | 2010-09-14 | 2010-09-14 | Ultrasonic snow depth measuring instrument |
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102297675A (en) * | 2011-06-22 | 2011-12-28 | 中国海洋大学 | Instrument for measuring and recording thickness of accumulated snow |
| CN102564366A (en) * | 2012-01-10 | 2012-07-11 | 航天科工深圳（集团）有限公司 | Integrated monitoring system and method for rain and snow |
| CN103177041A (en) * | 2011-12-26 | 2013-06-26 | 北京四维图新科技股份有限公司 | Electronic map generation method, information publish method, road planning method and road planning device |
| CN103308099A (en) * | 2013-05-21 | 2013-09-18 | 河南理工大学 | Ski field accumulated snow environmental detector |
| CN104567713A (en) * | 2014-12-29 | 2015-04-29 | 南京理工大学 | Multi-spot snow-depth measuring method and device |
| CN105588523A (en) * | 2016-01-25 | 2016-05-18 | 国网浙江慈溪市供电公司 | Measuring method and measuring device |
| CN106932779A (en) * | 2017-05-17 | 2017-07-07 | 吉林大学 | Portable ultrasound ripple snow depth measurement apparatus and measuring method |
| CN108225210A (en) * | 2018-04-04 | 2018-06-29 | 华东建筑设计研究院有限公司 | Laser avenges depth gauge and its measuring system and measuring method |
| CN110161507A (en) * | 2019-05-07 | 2019-08-23 | 生态环境部华南环境科学研究所 | A kind of siltation on-line monitoring system and method |
| CN112945154A (en) * | 2021-01-31 | 2021-06-11 | 吉林大学 | Ultrasonic snow depth measuring device and method based on normalized cross-correlation time delay measurement |
-
2010
- 2010-09-14 CN CN201020534774XU patent/CN201812045U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102297675A (en) * | 2011-06-22 | 2011-12-28 | 中国海洋大学 | Instrument for measuring and recording thickness of accumulated snow |
| CN103177041A (en) * | 2011-12-26 | 2013-06-26 | 北京四维图新科技股份有限公司 | Electronic map generation method, information publish method, road planning method and road planning device |
| CN102564366A (en) * | 2012-01-10 | 2012-07-11 | 航天科工深圳（集团）有限公司 | Integrated monitoring system and method for rain and snow |
| CN102564366B (en) * | 2012-01-10 | 2014-08-20 | 航天科工深圳（集团）有限公司 | Integrated monitoring system and method for rain and snow |
| CN103308099A (en) * | 2013-05-21 | 2013-09-18 | 河南理工大学 | Ski field accumulated snow environmental detector |
| CN104567713B (en) * | 2014-12-29 | 2017-08-04 | 南京理工大学 | A kind of multiple spot snow depth measuring method and device |
| CN104567713A (en) * | 2014-12-29 | 2015-04-29 | 南京理工大学 | Multi-spot snow-depth measuring method and device |
| CN105588523A (en) * | 2016-01-25 | 2016-05-18 | 国网浙江慈溪市供电公司 | Measuring method and measuring device |
| CN106932779A (en) * | 2017-05-17 | 2017-07-07 | 吉林大学 | Portable ultrasound ripple snow depth measurement apparatus and measuring method |
| CN108225210A (en) * | 2018-04-04 | 2018-06-29 | 华东建筑设计研究院有限公司 | Laser avenges depth gauge and its measuring system and measuring method |
| CN110161507A (en) * | 2019-05-07 | 2019-08-23 | 生态环境部华南环境科学研究所 | A kind of siltation on-line monitoring system and method |
| CN112945154A (en) * | 2021-01-31 | 2021-06-11 | 吉林大学 | Ultrasonic snow depth measuring device and method based on normalized cross-correlation time delay measurement |
| CN112945154B (en) * | 2021-01-31 | 2023-01-24 | 吉林大学 | Ultrasonic snow depth measuring device and method based on normalized cross-correlation time delay measurement |
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Granted publication date: 20110427 Termination date: 20130914 |