Anti-cavitation protection device of feedwater pump
Technical field
The utility model belongs to feed water pump cavitation protection technical field, especially relates to a kind of anti-cavitation protection device of feedwater pump.
Background technique
The feed water pump group is one of visual plant in the thermal power plant, adopts centrifugal pump more.In the actual using process, because the speed of feedwater high flow capacity is big, easy cavitation, thereby in order to prevent cavitation, feed water pump all is provided with anti-cavitation protection device usually, promptly when cavitation took place, entrance of water-supplying pump pressure protect would trip was to prevent the feed water pump cavitation.At present, the anti-cavitation guard method that feed water pump all adopts inlet pressure low (specifically be three get two switching values) to trip, the measuring point of this switching value generally all designs behind the main pump inlet filter screen, and definite value (i.e. Yu She protection value) is generally 0.8~1.4Mpa.In the using process, when entrance of water-supplying pump pressure is lower than above-mentioned protection value, feed water pump protection action.But in the practice, the existing anti-cavitation guard method of above-mentioned feed water pump still exists some to use drawbacks, does not reach the using effect of expection, below is elaborated with regard to the existing drawback of above-mentioned anti-cavitation guard method.
Because the formula of the necessary NPSH NpSHr of feed water pump is:
V in the formula
0Be the absolute velocity of feed water pump blade suction port place liquid medium, W
0Be the speed of feed water pump blade pressure lowest part liquid medium, λ is pitting coefficient or pressure-drop coefficient.Necessary NPSH NpSHr is that regulation feed water pump the cavitation performance parameter and the NpSHr that will reach are more little, the anti-cavitation performance of feed water pump is good more, necessary NPSH NpSHr is main relevant with this body structure of feed water pump (flow channel shape design), also relevant with the operating mode of feed water pump simultaneously.
And the formula of effective net positive suction head NpSHa of feed water pump is:
P in the formula
sAnd V
sBe respectively the pressure and the liquid medium speed at feed water pump suction flange place, P
vBe the pressure for vaporization of liquid medium in the feed water pump under operating temperature, ρ is the density of liquid medium in the feed water pump.
Necessary NPSH NpSHr and effective net positive suction head NpSHa according to above-mentioned feed water pump, cavitation does not take place for ensuring to water pump, must satisfy NpSHa>NpSHr, be Ps-Pv>NpSH * ρ g, wherein NpSH is that the permission net positive suction head of feed water pump and this value are generally must net positive suction head NpSHr 1.2~1.5 times.
In conjunction with Fig. 1, existing anti-cavitation guard method is to install pressure switch 3 additional before the suction port of inlet screen one 2 backs of feed water pump 1 and feed water pump 1 mostly, and the working value of setting pressure switch 3 is P
1In the actual using process, as inlet pressure (being the pressure at the feed water pump 1 suction flange place) P of feed water pump 1
s<P
1The time, feed water pump 1 tripping operation.
Again because the inlet pressure P of feed water pump 1
s=P
0+ (h
0+ h
1) ρ g, wherein be P
0Be oxygen-eliminating device 4 pressure inside, h
0Be the height difference between oxygen-eliminating device 4 and feed water pump 1 inlet, h
1Lift by the equipped front-mounted pump 5 in feed water pump 1 front side, all be connected between described oxygen-eliminating device 4 and the front-mounted pump 5 and between front-mounted pump 5 and the feed water pump 1 by hydraulic tubing 7, and on the hydraulic tubing 7 that oxygen-eliminating device 4 and front-mounted pump are 5 valve 8 is housed, inlet screen 29 is housed before the suction port of described front-mounted pump 5.Thereby, in the practical work process, as the inlet pressure P of feed water pump 1
s=P
0+ (h
0+ h
1) ρ g>P
1The time, feed water pump 1 can normally move.In order to obtain better Economy, oxygen-eliminating device 4 adopts the sliding pressure operation mode usually, in the whole process that oxygen-eliminating device 4 puts into operation, and oxygen-eliminating device 4 pressure inside P
0In 0.1~1.0Mpa scope, change with load variations.Therefore, as the design action value P of pressure switch 3
1And h
0And h
1When being definite value, variation along with oxygen-eliminating device 4 sliding pressure operation parameters, be installed in the true cavitation flow that the preceding pressure switch 3 of feed water pump 1 suction port just can not inform water pump 1 operation, will produce following adverse consequences like this: when load is low, because oxygen-eliminating device 4 internal pressure P
0Little, this moment, cavitation can not take place in feed water pump 1, but pressure switch 3 can cause feed water pump 1 tripping operation on the contrary and carry out the malfunction situation generation that cavitation is protected; And when high load, because oxygen-eliminating device 4 internal pressure P
0Greatly, this moment, cavitation may take place in feed water pump 1, but pressure switch 3 can cause the moving situation of cavitation protection of feed water pump 1 on the contrary, thereby can not ensure to water pump 1 safety, economic operation under each operating mode.
The model utility content
Technical problem to be solved in the utility model is at above-mentioned deficiency of the prior art; a kind of anti-cavitation protection device of feedwater pump is provided; it is reasonable in design, simple in structure, laying is convenient and using effect is good, service behaviour is safe and reliable; can accurately inform the operating conditions of water pump in real time, effectively overcome the existing front-mounted pump lift of existing feed water pump protecting method big, be prone to defective and deficiencies such as cavitation protection misoperation, using effect be relatively poor.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution adopted in the utility model is: a kind of anti-cavitation protection device of feedwater pump, it is characterized in that: comprise two pressure sensing cells, to two pressure sensing cell institute testing signals carry out difference relatively and with the difference comparative result with set protection value Dp=NpSH * ρ g and carry out difference comparing unit that size relatively judges and feed water pump is tripped control to enter the control system of cavitation guard mode according to the comparison judged result of difference comparing unit, described control system and feed water pump join; Among formula Dp=NpSH * ρ g, NpSH is the permission net positive suction head of feed water pump, and ρ is the inner institute of a feed water pump circulating liquid density of medium, and g is a gravity accleration; Two pressure sensing cells comprise pressure sensing cell one that feedwater pump intake place pressure is detected in real time and the pressure sensing cell two that the internal pressure of oxygen-eliminating device is detected in real time, described pressure sensing cell one and pressure sensing cell two all connect the difference comparing unit, described difference comparing unit and described control system join and with the synchronous driving of difference comparative result to described control system, described oxygen-eliminating device joins by hydraulic tubing and feedwater pump intake.
Described pressure sensing cell one and pressure sensing cell two are pressure transmitter, and the difference comparing unit is a differential pressure switch.
Described control system is the DCS control system.
Described pressure sensing cell two is laid on the inwall of oxygen-eliminating device, and pressure sensing cell one is laid in the inlet screen one of feed water pump and the liquid medium circulation pipeline between the feedwater pump intake.
The utility model compared with prior art has the following advantages:
1, simple in structure, pressure sensing cell one is easy for installation and circuit connection is easy with the laying of pressure sensing cell two, processing and fabricating and that deployment cost is installed is low.
2, use is easy and simple to handle, and automaticity height and monitored results are accurate, can monitor in real time by simple and convenient realization pressure signal.
3, novel in design, rationally and using effect good; service behaviour is safe and reliable; by a differential pressure switch; and the pressure before the suction port behind the pump entrance filter screen is drawn in the high pressure side of differential pressure switch; the internal pressure of low pressure side-draw oxygen-eliminating device; and with the setting protection value Dp=NpSH * ρ g of differential pressure switch, and work as Ps-P
0During<Dp, the differential pressure switch action, the feed water pump tripping operation is also carried out the cavitation protection.Simultaneously, owing to pass through the internal pressure P of two pairs of oxygen-eliminating devices of pressure sensing cell
0Monitor in real time, and tackle difference comparative result P mutually according to monitored results
s-P
0Adjust synchronously, thereby the difference comparative result P that compares with action protection value Dp
s-P
0Be one according to load variations and the variate of adjusting in real time, effectively overcome in the cavitation protection method of existing feed water pump because of design action value P
1And h
0And h
1The adverse consequences that is definite value and causes, thereby the utility model can accurately inform the operating conditions of water pump in real time.
4, use value height; popularizing application prospect is extensive; can effectively be suitable in the anti-cavitation protection of feed water pump to all kinds thermal power plant; compared with prior art; the utility model can also significantly reduce the front-mounted pump lift of feed water pump, thereby greatly reduces difficulty of construction ensuring to water pump under the prerequisite of equal energy safe and reliable operation under the various operating modes; reduce the construction input cost, had very high economic value.
In sum; the utility model is reasonable in design, simple in structure, it is convenient to lay and using effect is good, economy and social value height, service behaviour are safe and reliable; can accurately inform the operating conditions of water pump in real time; ratio cavitation guard method in the past is science more; more reasonable; safety and reliability, effectively overcome the existing front-mounted pump lift of existing feed water pump protecting method big, be prone to defective and deficiencies such as cavitation protection misoperation, using effect be relatively poor.
Below by drawings and Examples, the technical solution of the utility model is described in further detail.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the measuring point installation position schematic representation of existing feed water pump cavitation protection device.
Fig. 2 is a fundamental diagram of the present utility model.
Description of reference numerals:
The 1-feed water pump; 2-inlet screen one; The 3-pressure switch;
The 4-oxygen-eliminating device; The 5-front-mounted pump; The 7-hydraulic tubing;
The 8-valve; 9-inlet screen two; 10-pressure sensing cell one;
11-pressure sensing cell two; The 13-DCS control system; The 14-differential pressure switch.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 2, the utility model comprise two pressure sensing cells, to two pressure sensing cell institute testing signals carry out difference relatively and with the difference comparative result with set protection value Dp=NpSH * ρ g and carry out difference comparing unit that size relatively judges and feed water pump 1 is tripped control to enter the control system of cavitation guard mode according to the comparison judged result of difference comparing unit, described control system and feed water pump 1 join; Among formula Dp=NpSH * ρ g, NpSH is the permission net positive suction head of feed water pump 1, and ρ is feed water pump 1 an inner institute circulating liquid density of medium, and g is a gravity accleration.Two pressure sensing cells comprise pressure sensing cell 1 that the suction port place pressure to feed water pump 1 detects in real time and the pressure sensing cell 2 11 that the internal pressure of oxygen-eliminating device 4 is detected in real time, described pressure sensing cell 1 and pressure sensing cell 2 11 all connect the difference comparing unit, described difference comparing unit and described control system join and with the synchronous driving of difference comparative result to described control system, described oxygen-eliminating device 4 joins by the suction port of hydraulic tubing 7 with feed water pump 1.
In the present embodiment, described pressure sensing cell 1 and pressure sensing cell 2 11 are pressure transmitter, and the difference comparing unit is a differential pressure switch 14.Described control system is a DCS control system 13.
During as installed, described pressure sensing cell 2 11 is laid on the inwall of oxygen-eliminating device 4, and pressure sensing cell 1 is laid in the liquid medium circulation pipeline between the suction port of the inlet screen 1 of feed water pump 1 and feed water pump 1.
In addition, described feed water pump 1 front side adds front-mounted pump 5, all be connected between described oxygen-eliminating device 4 and the front-mounted pump 5 and between front-mounted pump 5 and the feed water pump 1 by hydraulic tubing 7, and on the hydraulic tubing 7 that oxygen-eliminating device 4 and front-mounted pump are 5 valve 8 is housed, inlet screen 29 is housed before the suction port of described front-mounted pump 5.
In the actual using process, respectively the suction port place pressure of feed water pump 1 and the internal pressure of oxygen-eliminating device 4 are detected in real time by pressure sensing cell 1 and pressure sensing cell 2 11, wherein the suction port place pressure of one 10 detection feed water pumps 1 of pressure sensing cell is that high pressure side and its force value are P
s, the internal pressure of 2 11 detection oxygen-eliminating devices 4 of pressure sensing cell is that low voltage side and its force value are P
0, and P
s=P
0+ (h
0+ h
1) ρ g, wherein h
0Be the height difference between the suction port of oxygen-eliminating device 4 and feed water pump 1, h
1Lift by the equipped front-mounted pump 5 in feed water pump 1 front side.
Thereby described pressure sensing cell 1 and pressure sensing cell 2 11 be the real-time pressure signal P that detects separately
sAnd P
0, synchronous driving is to differential pressure switch 14; 14 pairs of pressure signal P of described differential pressure switch
sAnd P
0Carry out difference relatively and with difference comparative result P
s-P
0Carry out size and relatively judge with setting protection value Dp=NpSH * ρ g, specifically: work as Ps-P
0During<Dp, differential pressure switch 14 actions also send action command to DCS control system 13 synchronously, and DCS control system 13 control feed water pumps, 1 tripping operation this moment is also carried out the cavitation protection; And work as Ps-P
0During 〉=Dp, differential pressure switch 14 is failure to actuate.Like this, can monitor in real time the working state of feed water pump 1 by pressure sensing cell 1, pressure sensing cell 2 11 and differential pressure switch 14.
In addition in the whole process that oxygen-eliminating device 4 puts into operation, oxygen-eliminating device 4 pressure inside P
0Change with load variations, and monitor in real time, and tackle difference comparative result P mutually according to monitored results by the internal pressure of 2 11 pairs of oxygen-eliminating devices 4 of pressure sensing cell
s-P
0Adjust synchronously, thereby the difference comparative result P that compares with action protection value Dp
s-P
0Be one according to load variations and the variate of adjusting in real time, effectively overcome in the cavitation protection method of existing feed water pump 1 because of design action value P
1And h
0And h
1The adverse consequences that is definite value and causes.
Simultaneously since the thermal power plant in, oxygen-eliminating device 4 when sliding pressure operation, the internal pressure P of oxygen-eliminating device 4
0Can be similar to the pressure for vaporization that is seen as under the Current Temperatures, and the suction port water temperature of feed water pump 1 can be approximately the water temperature inside of oxygen-eliminating device 4, so P
0≈ Pv, wherein Pv is the pressure for vaporization at the suction port place of feed water pump 1 under the Current Temperatures.Thereby, as long as Ps-Pv ≈ Ps-P
0=(h
0+ h
1) ρ g>Dp=NpSH * ρ g just can ensure to feed water pump 1 can cavitation.By formula Ps-Pv ≈ Ps-P
0=(h
0+ h
1) ρ g>Dp=NpSH * ρ g can find out: in the utility model, feed water pump 1 carries out the condition (being action protection value Dp=NpSH * ρ g) of cavitation protection run action and coincide with the condition that feed water pump 1 produces cavitation, and with the internal pressure P of load and oxygen-eliminating device 4
0Irrelevant, thereby the utility model can ensure to water pump 1 equal energy safe and reliable operation under various operating modes.
In addition, in traditional design, low and can not produce malfunction in order to satisfy when the low-load pressure of feed water pump 1, the lift design of front-mounted pump 5 is all bigger than normal, and in the thermal power plant, the lift of front-mounted pump 5 is generally at 80m~150m at present.And in the utility model, owing to only need to satisfy (h
0+ h
1) ρ g>NpSH * ρ g, just can ensure to water pump 1 and cavitation can not take place, thereby in the setting height(from bottom) design of the type selecting of front-mounted pump 5 and oxygen-eliminating device 4, only need to consider h
0+ h
1>NpSH gets final product.At present, the necessary NPSH NpSHr of feed water pump 1 is generally 30~60m in the thermal power plant, and when the permission net positive suction head NpSH of feed water pump 1 gets 1.5 times of necessary NPSH NpSHr, because the height difference h between the suction port of oxygen-eliminating device 4 and feed water pump 1
0For about 20m, then correspondingly the lift of front-mounted pump 5 only needs 25~70m, so just greatly reduces cost, improves Economy.
The above; it only is preferred embodiment of the present utility model; be not that the utility model is imposed any restrictions; everyly any simple modification that above embodiment did, change and equivalent structure are changed, all still belong in the protection domain of technical solutions of the utility model according to the utility model technical spirit.