CN201784475U - Electric automobile structure based on four base parts - Google Patents
Electric automobile structure based on four base parts Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN201784475U CN201784475U CN2010202897771U CN201020289777U CN201784475U CN 201784475 U CN201784475 U CN 201784475U CN 2010202897771 U CN2010202897771 U CN 2010202897771U CN 201020289777 U CN201020289777 U CN 201020289777U CN 201784475 U CN201784475 U CN 201784475U
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- wheel
- steering
- control
- motor
- adopts
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000013519 translation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 22
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 19
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 19
- 239000000306 component Substances 0.000 description 14
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000001141 propulsive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001568 sexual effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000005955 Ferric phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012508 change request Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010835 comparative analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002860 competitive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009514 concussion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008358 core component Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005672 electromagnetic field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940032958 ferric phosphate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010921 in-depth analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- WBJZTOZJJYAKHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron(3+) phosphate Chemical compound [Fe+3].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O WBJZTOZJJYAKHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229910000399 iron(III) phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035800 maturation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004377 microelectronic Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008520 organization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005549 size reduction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
Landscapes
- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
- Arrangement Or Mounting Of Propulsion Units For Vehicles (AREA)
Abstract
An electric automobile structure based on four base parts is characterized in that the electric automobile comprises wheels, an energy storage device, a steering system and a digital complete automobile control system. The wheels comprise multifunctional hub motors and adopt four or two variable-reluctance double-salient-pole hub motors with effects of electric, power generating feedback and electromagnetic brake, the steering system is controlled by a linear motor, the energy storage device adopts various storage batteries or fuel batteries, the steering system controlled by the linear motor adopts an electronic differential steering system utilizing the linear stepping motor to control steering, and the digital complete automobile control system adopts a multi-CPU microcomputer bus control mode and comprises a measuring sensor module, a microcomputer control module and a signal input and output processing module. The electric automobile structure based on four base parts can effectively increase quick responsibility for wheel control, strengthen driving efficiency, simplify circuit layout and increase reliability.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of structure of electronlmobil and forms and layout.Described electronlmobil is meant finally and is mainly pure electric automobile by electric motor driven electronlmobil, also comprises fuel cell electric vehicle and series hybrid power electric vehicle.
Background technology
Electronlmobil has obtained the great attention of countries in the world as the vehicle of energy-saving and emission-reduction, and is acknowledged as the following automobile of energy-conserving and environment-protective.But electronlmobil slowly fails to popularize merchandizing, mainly is cost performance by the reason that the numerous common people accepted.The existing electronlmobil of being researched and developed is owing to fettered by the orthodox car mentality of designing, and its structure fails to do breakthrough improvement from giving full play to the due various technical advantages of motor-driven, make cost performance also difficulty breakthrough raising is arranged to satisfy the common people's demand.
By power to driving engine, torque and effective specific fuel consumption are analyzed with engine crankshaft change in rotational speed character of curve, and driving engine adopts the comparative analysis of the speed governing gained power characteristics curve that permanent torque of low speed and the permanent power of high speed combines through the power characteristics curve of a plurality of gear speed changes and electrical motor, can be illustrated as to adapt to and start function efficiently to produce characteristics such as the range of speed of torque is very narrow must to adopt huge and complicated speed-changing mechanism, and motor can efficiently produce torque in the speed adjustable range of broadness, modern electrical machine Direct Torque Control theory makes this technology obtain more and more extensively using, this numerical control servo driving is entered practicability already, speed ratio can be up to 1:20000, far above the speed change request of running car.This needs amplify moment of torsion through gear reduction from early stage servomotor, directly drives leading screw by motor finally, more has application examples such as being carried out power cutting by linear electric motors direct drive machine tool dragging plate and electricity consumption main shaft to suffice to show that.And the motor Direct Torque Control has been cancelled the mechanical friction loss, has improved rigidity, and is promptly energy-conservation, simplify the internal structure of an organization, and improved dynamic response again.And electrical motor has cooresponding short-time overload capacity again, and the good electrical function reaches 3 times even higher multiple of overload power output rating in several minutes, to satisfy vehicle starting, to quicken to overtake other vehicles, climb the various requirements of travelling such as visite in short-term.
According to automobile theory---Vehicle Dynamics Analysis.But adopt four wheel drive full use automobile to ground-surface adhesive ability and its cross-country crossing ability of raising.Adopt four-wheel steering can greatly reduce the turn inside diameter radius, improve high speed steering stability and responsibility.For improving the automobile side angle road-holding property is the vehicle rollover threshold value, need reduce the vehicle height of center of mass as far as possible, can reduce bodywork height and adopt the hub-type motor-driven will remove mechanisms such as mechanical differential gear box and left and right sides semiaxis by electronic differential, and the storage battery that makes required biggest quality volume reduces the vehicle height of center of mass as mass through suitable scattered distribution (as before and after being placed in below the seat) comprehensively.Can improve comprehensively so that automobile is handling, safety and stability.
Electronlmobil is as the electromechanical integration control system, and its structure design, performance optimization are except foundation orthodox car theory---vehicle dynamics, and also needing to drag theory, transport administration theory etc. with control theory, motor is theoretical basis.The maximum difference of electronlmobil is to be propulsion source with the motor-driven, so must drag the optimal drive mode that theory is found out the changeable driving cycle characteristics of the most suitable automobile in conjunction with motor.Because electric machine control and improve the requirement of vehicle performance, by the control theory analysis, need to improve automobile to driving, brake and turn to the fast-response of three big actuating units, utilize the technology such as microelectronics of current fast development, greatly improve performance by detecting controlled reset.Automobile is efficient in order to make, convenient function is really brought into play, and must be prerequisite with the unhampered low of traffic, presses the transport administration theoretical analysis, promptly needs to consider vehicle from improving the traffic resource degree of utilization.
All are important parameters of the stable and performance figure of decision systems the time responses of analyzing each link in the whole closed loop control system according to control theory, and a common closed loop system should comprise sensing measurement, calculation control, actuating unit three big links.Along with electronics, sensing, Control Technique of Microcomputer development, preceding two links response is all very fast, and actuating unit has often restricted the performance figure of total system, and with the machinery that is adopted, hydraulic pressure, motor executive device difference, it is many that its dynamic response also can differ.
With orthodox car driving engine and two kinds of speed governing systems of motor in electric automobile relatively is example: the engine governed speed system need be by control throttle adjustment fuel charge, again through driving engine fire → a plurality of links such as crankshaft-link rod → flywheel → change speed gear box → universal-joint → drive axle and diff just can transfer to wheel; And its voltage of motor speed regulation system direct control or frequency just can realize.So there is the expert to point out that driving engine responds slow 2 orders of magnitude than the speed governing of electrical motor.And electronlmobil drives as if the wheel hub motor that adopts " zero transmission ", and the dynamic response of the controlled speed of a motor vehicle is also wanted soon, promptly is higher than hundreds of times.Because the great disparity that the response time of the actuating unit of engine governed speed system and sensing measurement, calculation control two links differs, for guaranteeing the whole speed governing system stability of orthodox car cruising control, make the speed of a motor vehicle not produce concussion fluctuated, be commonly called as " tourist bus " phenomenon, can only reduce stable state accuracy and dynamic response performance, say that by control theory needing to increase the correction or lag link guarantees system stability and reduce each performance figure.
And the automobile actuating unit should comprise driving, brake, turns to three big links, and it promptly is the key link of whole automotive performance of restriction.Its fast-response also is that the stable key factor of travelling of automotive safety is controlled in decision.For improving automotive performance, successively proposed anti-skid brake system ABS in the industry, driven various performance optimization technology such as antislip control ASR, electric stabilizing system ESP, various steering swivel system optimization and electronic differential control, the safety crashproof control system of range finding and vehicle electronics CCS cruise control system CCS.Ripe application that has, what have waits that also improving sexual valence recently promotes, with sensing measurement, micro-processor controlled development, every technology is merged the cross-synthesis application and is improved, but the effective raising and the performance of performance all also greatly are limited by the fast-response that automobile drove, braked, turns to three big actuating units.Running car is handling can improve comprehensively, the electric stabilizing system ESP of stability and safety is an example, needs adjust in time by measured signal and s operation control requirement propulsive effort, braking force, the deflection angle of each wheel of front, rear, left and right.And the engine drive of orthodox car, by modes such as hydraulic pressure brake and the fast-response of three big actuating units of power steering all not high, this has just restricted the validity and the optimization and improvement of vehicle performance.
The utility model content
The wheel control fast-response that the traditional electric automobile structure exists is poor, drive efficiency is lower, configuration is complicated, the deficiency of poor reliability in order to overcome, and the utility model provides a kind of can effectively improve the wheel control fast-response, strengthen drive efficiency, simplify configuration, improve the electric vehicle structure based on four basic components of reliability.
The technical scheme that provides in order to solve the problems of the technologies described above is:
A kind of electric vehicle structure based on four basic components, described electronlmobil comprises the wheel that contains multi-functional wheel hub motor, closed-center system, by the steering swivel system and the digitalisation whole-control system of linear electric motors control, described wheel adopts four or two to contain the change magnetic resistance biconvex utmost point wheel hub motor that has electronic, electrification feedback and electromagnetic braking concurrently; Described closed-center system is all kinds of storage batterys or fuel cell; Described steering swivel system by linear electric motors control adopts the electronic differential speed steering system that is turned to by linear stepping motor control; Described digitalisation whole-control system adopts many CPU microcomputer bus mode, comprises measuring sensing module, system controlled by computer module and signal input and output processing module.
Or: the array configuration that described closed-center system adopts the super capacitor of high-specific-power, low specific energy to combine with the aluminium-air cell of high-energy-density, low specific power.
As preferred a kind of scheme: described digitalisation whole-control system adopts the digitalisation liquid crystal display also to have the LCDs that touches film control.
Further: the described wheel that contains multi-functional wheel hub motor adopts inside and outside two-wheel rim structure, interior wheel rim and wheel hub motor one, and described outer rim and tire one, described interior wheel rim is captiveed joint with outer rim.
As preferred a kind of scheme: also comprise drive control module in the described wheel.
Described steering swivel system comprises electronic controller, motor driver, linear stepping motor, a steering handwheel and a left side, the right steering wheel, described steering handwheel lower end connects steering shaft, the steering wheel angle sensor is installed on the described steering shaft, described steering wheel angle sensor is connected with described electronic controller, the left steering wheel connects left steering joint arm, described left steering joint arm and left intermediate rod are hinged, the right steering wheel connects right steering joint arm, described right steering joint arm and right intermediate rod are hinged, described electronic controller connects motor driver, described motor driver connects described linear step motor, described linear step motor comprises decides part and moving part, described moving part back and forth translation ground through the described hollow cavity of deciding part, describedly decide to be wound with on the part electromagnetism winding, the left end of described moving part is connected with described left intermediate rod, and the right-hand member of described moving part is connected with described right intermediate rod.
As preferred a kind of scheme: described wheel adopts four to contain the reluctance type biconvex utmost point wheel hub motor that has electronic, electrification feedback and electromagnetic braking concurrently, and the electronic differential speed steering system that described control turns to is a four wheel drive four-wheel steering electronic differential speed steering system.
In the described four wheel drive four-wheel steering electronic differential speed steering system, at first define n
FoFor the preceding outside turns to drive wheel rotating speed, n
FiFor preceding inboard turns to drive wheel rotating speed, n
RoFor the outside, back turns to drive wheel rotating speed, n
RiFor the inboard, back turns to the drive wheel rotating speed; Define α again
fFor the preceding outside turns to the angle of inclination of drive wheel, β
fFor preceding inboard turns to the angle of inclination of drive wheel, α
rFor turning to the angle of inclination of drive wheel, β outside the back
rTurn to the angle of inclination of drive wheel for the inboard, back; It is characterized in that: set n
FoBe reference declared speed, n
FoBe the speed of a motor vehicle instruction of acceleration pedal, α is determined in described speed of a motor vehicle instruction by the vehicle speed signal of being gathered
f, β
f, α
r, β
rDetermine by the angle of inclination signal of gathering corresponding wheel flutter; And the desired rotating speed of target n of other three wheels
Fi, n
Ro, n
RiWith declared speed n
FoThe differential computing formula be respectively:
The differential computing module is according to the angle of inclination signal and the master mode of each wheel in the steering hardware, calculates required value to each vehicle wheel rotational speed by aforementioned corresponding differential computing formula, is input in the driving governor of each wheel nave motor as its speed value.
Further: described digitalisation whole-control system adopts multisensor to carry out the mode that four-wheel hub motor-driven four-wheel steering combines with electric stabilizing system ESP, adjusts propulsive effort, braking force and the deflection angle of each wheel of front, rear, left and right through the microcomputer s operation control by measured signal.
Or: described wheel adopts two to contain the reluctance type biconvex utmost point wheel hub motor that has electronic, electrification feedback and electromagnetic braking concurrently, and the electronic differential speed steering system that described control turns to turns to electronic differential speed steering system or two-wheel drive four-wheel steering electronic differential speed steering system for the two-wheel drive two-wheeled.
Technical conceive of the present utility model is: need by motor-driven and useable electric moter servo-steering for electronlmobil, and the motor operation is the electromagnetic conversion process.Because the electricity of tool light velocity level and magnetic switching process will be more than fast several magnitude of mechanism such as the machinery of tool frictional damping or hydraulic pressure, by theory of electromagnetic field, motor itself except can be electronic, generate electricity, also electro-magnetic braking functions should be arranged.The in-depth analysis research of comprehensive multinomial technology, the utility model person has successively proposed to improve Drive for EV comprehensively, has braked, turned to four utility model patents of three big actuating unit fast-responses and cost performance, they are respectively: China Patent No. is the utility model patent of ZL 2,008 1 0062784.5, the disclosed adjustable speed rotating machine that has electronic, electrification feedback and electro-magnetic braking functions concurrently (do on electronlmobil wheel hub motor with); Chinese patent application number is 200910152934.6 utility model, and disclosed have the single-phase switch reluctance type multi-function motor that starts winding (do wheel hub motor with) on electronlmobil; Chinese patent application number is 200910152932.7 utility model, disclosed automobile steering system based on linear motor to control steering force; Chinese patent application number is 200910152933.1 utility model, and disclosed used for electric vehicle four-wheel hub motor-driven realizes the electronic differential speed steering control system of four-wheel steering.Above-mentioned four utility model technology are used on electronlmobil and will greatly be improved automobile to driving, brake, turn to the fast-response of three big actuating units, but vehicle performance is effectively improved, and also need consider as a whole in topology layout.
In sum, illustrate that the relative driving engine of used for electric vehicle motor-driven has thousands of times speed ratio, hundreds of times fast-response, cooresponding short-time overload capacity and many advantages such as energy-conservation.And the giving full play to of the every advantage of motor, must be by breakthrough change and optimization to electric vehicle structure, reach simplification mechanical mechanism, cost-cutting and vehicle-mounted deadweight, energy-saving and noise reduction, raising dynamic response and controller performance with this, promptly improve the electronlmobil sexual valence and recently make it popularize merchandizing as early as possible.
Technique effect of the present utility model is: effectively improve the wheel control fast-response, strengthen drive efficiency, simplify configuration, improve reliability.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the topology layout scheme drawing of four basic components on pure electric automobile.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the utility model is described further.
With reference to Fig. 1, a kind of electric vehicle structure based on four basic components, described electronlmobil comprises the wheel that contains multi-functional wheel hub motor, closed-center system, by the steering swivel system and the digitalisation whole-control system of linear electric motors control, described wheel adopts four or two to contain the change magnetic resistance biconvex utmost point wheel hub motor that has electronic, electrification feedback and electromagnetic braking concurrently; Described closed-center system is all kinds of storage batterys or fuel cell; Described steering swivel system by linear electric motors control adopts the electronic differential speed steering system that is turned to by linear stepping motor control; Described digitalisation whole-control system adopts many CPU microcomputer bus mode, comprises measuring sensing module, system controlled by computer module and signal input and output processing module.
For the electronlmobil that makes energy-conserving and environment-protective is not fully exerted by the due every advantage of motor-driven, each relative theory analysis such as composite vehicle theory, control theory, Electrical Motor, proposing the electronlmobil optimum structure should add vehicle body and interior trim is formed by four basic components.Accompanying drawing is the topology layout scheme drawing of four basic components on pure electric automobile.Described four basic components is digitalisation whole-control system for closed-center system, diagram 3 for steering swivel system, the diagram 4 by linear electric motors control for wheel, the diagram 2 that contains multi-functional wheel hub motor for diagram 1.
Now four basic components is respectively described below:
Diagram 1 is for containing the wheel of multi-functional wheel hub motor.Described multi-functional wheel hub motor is the wheel hub motor that has electronic, electrification feedback and electro-magnetic braking functions concurrently.Needing to use the above-mentioned patent No. is that ZL 2,008 1 0062784.5 or application number are 200910152934.6 utility model technology.In view of limited by wheel hub inner structure volume, power of motor is difficult to be improved, and can adopt four chaptrel hub motors to substitute a main motor of routine to realize high load with small power.And adopt the 4WD four wheel drive can make full use of wheel, and improve the performances such as cross-country crossing ability, non-skid braking, quick steering of vehicle to traction by vehicle dynamics.Adopt wheel hub motor " zero transmission " mode direct drive wheel, the change that vehicle structure is remoulded oneself thoroughly.The shortening of mechanical drive train promptly improves the fast-response to wheel control, also saves a large amount of mechanical part costs, alleviates vehicle-mounted deadweight, improves the car load drive efficiency, helps energy-saving and noise reduction, also vacates many spaces and is convenient to the vehicle structure layout.Could realize that braking energy reclaims owing to have only drive wheel, saving the mechanical drive loss reclaims more direct again to kinetic wheel, adopt four wheel hub motors that have functions such as electrification feedback concurrently, in automobile slide, reduction of speed and descent run, can significantly improve the recover kinetic energy rate.For simplifying electronlmobil internal wiring layout, improve reliability, many cpu bus of microcomputer mode is in the more employing of modern automobile.To four-wheel hub electric machine control utilization cpu bus technology, drive control module is integrated in the wheel also be more convenient for trouble diagnosing and maintenance.Can adopt inside and outside two-wheel rim structure for being convenient for changing spare tyre, promptly interior wheel rim and wheel hub motor one, outer rim and tire one, inside and outside wheel rim fixes by spline and screw, is the outer rim of easy disassembly belt wheel tire, and its spline needs slightly tapering.Because multi-functional wheel hub motor has adopted change magnetic resistance double salient-pole electric machine, it is compared with bunchers such as the AC frequency conversion of present widespread usage or brushless, permanentlies, have high starting torque and controlled low starting current especially, be more suitable for automobile heavy duty starting, the changeable operating mode and the storage battery of frequent start-stop, lifting speed need be avoided various specific (special) requirements such as big electric current output.Improved electromagnetic braking usefulness again by structural development, and the braking procedure that electrification feedback-electromagnetic braking combines and carries out repeatedly, be similar to the anti-skid brake system ABS of Modern Car or drive the braking procedure that antislip is controlled ASR, can improve safety, the stability and handling of vehicle '.So adopt four to contain the wheel that has electronic, electrification feedback and multi-functional wheel hub motor of electromagnetic braking and drive control module thereof concurrently, realize that the structure of electromechanical modularization control is the optimal drive mode of electronlmobil, will greatly improve its cost performance.
Diagram 2 is a closed-center system.Described closed-center system can be all kinds of storage batterys; Or adopt super capacitor, the flywheel accumulator and high-energy-density, the aluminium-air cell that hangs down specific power, the array configuration that zinc-air battery combines of high-specific-power, low specific energy; Or fuel cell etc.Though can adopt present maturation, lead-acid storage battery that price is low for storage battery, should adopt the lithium cell that China is had resources advantage richly endowed by nature as far as possible by technical development, as ferric phosphate lithium cell, polymer lithium-ion battery etc.Owing to adopt wheel hub motor to drive, vacate many spaces and can supply the storage battery layout, need storage battery is reduced the vehicle height of center of mass as mass through suitable scattered distribution (as be placed in seat, front and back below) by vehicle dynamics.
Diagram 3 is the steering swivel system by linear electric motors control.It is 200910152932.7 utility model technology that described steering swivel system by linear electric motors control need be used number of patent application.Electronlmobil adopts four multi-functional wheel hub motor-driven, is to realize the better four-wheel steering of performance, also need use number of patent application simultaneously and be 200910152933.1 utility model technology.The first two of its steering hardware taken turns and adopted number of patent application is embodiment 2 structures shown in Figure 2 in 200910152932.7 the utility model technological document, then two takes turns that to adopt number of patent application be embodiment 1 structure shown in Figure 1 in 200910152932.7 the utility model technological document.The electronlmobil steering system adopts linear stepping motor directly to drive left and right sides intermediate rod, makes control more direct, and dynamic response is faster, saves a large amount of machineries, hydraulic unit, and structure is simpler and more direct, has also alleviated vehicle-mounted deadweight.Since save the oil pump of the required normal running of hydraulic gear, promptly energy-conservation, removed troubles such as oiling, leakage of oil again from.Utilize linear stepping motor control characteristics, can satisfy every control requirement that steering effort changes with the speed of a motor vehicle easily, and by the four wheel drive four-wheel steering electronic differential speed steering system of linear stepping motor control, more will greatly reduce the low speed turn radius, improve high speed steering stability and steering response rapidity, and improve the cost performance that turns to precision and automobile four-wheel steering swivel system.It is ripe use also will for future all kinds of automobiles the technical development that turns to lay excellent basis.
Diagram 4 is the digitalisation whole-control system.Described digitalisation whole-control system need adopt many CPU microcomputer bus mode, comprises several modular constructions such as measuring sensing, system controlled by computer, signal input and output processing.Can adopt the digitalisation liquid crystal display and have the LCDs that touches film control for improving display effect.Can be divided into two kinds on basical traditional model and High Performance type by performance: basical traditional model numeralization whole-control system is only for satisfying the requirement of electronlmobil basic controlling, can make it enter practical application as early as possible.High Performance type digitalisation whole-control system need adopt multisensor to carry out the mode that four-wheel hub motor-driven four-wheel steering combines with electric stabilizing system ESP, can make full use of multi-functional wheel hub motor turns in conjunction with linear electric motors control and can greatly improve the advantage that automobile drove, braked, turns to three big actuating unit fast-responses, avoid existing high-grade car because three big actuating units adopt traditional approach, its dynamic response is all unhappy, the also just difficult effectively performance of institute's performance.And can utilize four wheel drive better to improve vehicle to ground-surface adhesive ability (being commonly called as the ground ability of grabbing), improve automobile comprehensively and drive, brake, turn to every performance figure.Just can realize the multiple-axis servo interlock in the numerical control interpolation technique, make the accurately system controlled by computer of the various curves of walking, curved surface track of lathe, be used for controlling multi-functional wheel hub motor and realize the four wheel drive four-wheel steering, and will easier enforcement by propulsive effort, braking force, the deflection angle of each wheel of the timely correct adjustment of measured signal front, rear, left and right.This will improve the stability of running car, handling, safety and turning efficiency comprehensively.
So, electronlmobil adopts the optimum structure of being made up of four basic components, also is more convenient for implementing specialized flowing water production model and greatly improves the car load cost performance.Utilize the technology such as system controlled by computer, sensing measurement and motor-driven of high speed development, by the breakthrough change and the optimization of remoulding oneself thoroughly on the structure, mechanical mechanism be can greatly simplify, vehicle-mounted deadweight and cost reduced, help topology layout to reduce the vehicle height of center of mass, improve the plurality of advantages such as fast-response that recover kinetic energy rate, cross-country crossing ability and automobile drive, brake and turn to three big actuating units, the composition of this four basic components also is the optimum structure of following all kinds of electronlmobils.The gordian technique of grasping these four big core components will be to catch up with and surpass advanced in the worldly, promote the basic premise of following auto-domain competitive power, can break away from the constraint that China's auto-domain is subjected to foreign technology for a long time with this.
Finding out by prior art in conjunction with the actual national conditions of China and can popularize commercial breach at once, and promote the electric vehicle engineering development with technology and sound economic cycle, is the available strategy that solves energy shock, environmental pollution as early as possible.Fuel cell is because of hydrogen raw material problem, and present stage also is difficult to apply.And pure electric automobile has market, resource, technology three big advantages in China: mainly there are the not rich characteristics of energy in pure electric automobile, being particularly suitable for minicar makes, and China family also just is being miniaturization structure, improves the private car sales volume with living standard and will account for largest portion.As tool development potentiality in the vehicular energy storage battery is lithium cell, the storage capacity of its material lithium approximately half in China.And China had driven battery industry with the development the earth to the utmost of Electrical Bicycle, mobile phone, notebook PC etc. in recent years, learned that according to the international battery meeting in Shenzhen last year the world's 2/3rds batteries originate from China, and China has become the first in the world battery big country.Electronlmobil is used at most again in China at present by the wheel hub motor of tool development prospect in the motor-driven, technical development needs easy first and difficult later, incremental, China is in technological precedence, volume of production and marketing accounts for the Electrical Bicycle in the whole world 90% and has widely applied wheel hub motor, also lays corresponding basis for the pure electric automobile development.But also need increasing power and improving on the performance and work hard at key application on the electronlmobil, proposed for this reason aforementioned in two relevant utility model patents.
At China city traffic resource traffic problems that bring in short supply per capita, and China family is the miniaturization characteristics, in conjunction with the not rich characteristics of pure electric automobile energy, proposition can improve the 3 people seats joint source environmental-protecting type electric little car of traffic resource degree of utilization more than 1 times as popular private car again.This introduces in " electronlmobil and the performance optimization thereof " of being write by the utility model person in detail.Be that private car is set to the front-seat 1 people's seat of driving, back row's 2 people's seats, overall width is decided to be 0.8～1M, and it is less than bus 1/2, greater than car 1/2.So, will have the wide 3.5～3.75M in track now is divided into two and can saves traffic resource.Private car is 1.75～1.87M partly in the track reductions, its Horizontal Clearance is also had on the powersaving type track of 0.75～1.07M travel agility and safety that it and bus are taken their own roads and can be improved private car.Also make bus that exclusive lane is arranged naturally, for improving the public transport service and whole unhampered low of traffic has been set up prerequisite.The national car that promptly enables the dream of full common people's automobile could really be enjoyed the automobile civilization under the unhampered low of traffic prerequisite.Also be beneficial to the solution parking difficulty behind this car size reduction.For satisfying all kinds of level crowd demands 5 extended types of 3 rows have been proposed again; Be the pick up type of doing shopping and conveniently to reequip; 2 multiple styles such as special train type of 2 rows of being furnished with the various wireless telecommunications facilities of specializing in leader's office usefulness.
Because the wheel hub motor of optimal drive mode is limited by its structural volume, power difficulty for the moment can reach big automobile power requirement; And all kinds of storage battery specific energies, specific power also fail to increase substantially, and increase more storage battery combination and certainly will have drawbacks such as increasing cost and vehicle-mounted deadweight.Be that pure electric automobile mainly exists the not rich limitation of energy, this also is the technical bottleneck of current electronlmobil development.Need be easy first and difficult later, incremental according to technical development, technology and economy are promoted each other to form the eucyclic rule of development.Electronic little car not only load capacity reduces half, and frontal area also reduces with overall width, and promptly rolling resistance and air resistance are often deposited resistance for two kinds and all reduced many.And two kinds of grade resistance and resistances due to acceleration in short-term resistance can suitably utilize the short-time overload capacity of motor.So the little car of joint source environmental-protecting type electric has promptly overcome the not rich technical bottleneck of energy, also makes the electronlmobil optimum structure of being made up of four basic components that the utility model proposes be easier to practice on this minicar small and comprehensive.The four basic components topology layout of the little car of joint source environmental-protecting type electric promptly as shown in drawings.Can greatly improve cost performance by structural breakthrough improvement.Therefore electronic little car development blank that is following electronlmobil optimum structure is suitable for being extended to prerequisite to the common people with the safety economy practicality, is a kind of high starting point, the low real type development model that requires.Be the electronlmobil merchandizing and find the breach.Also will set up the necessary technology deposit for grasping following vehicle key technology as early as possible.And by China's smaller families and traffic resource national conditions in short supply, its penetration and promotion all helps solving the energy, environmental protection, traffic and improves problems such as common people's quality of the life.
Behind technical development and wheel hub motor power boosting, this four basic components also will be used for all kinds of following electronlmobil that various storage batterys, solar power, wind energy and fuel cell are the energy.
Claims (8)
1. electric vehicle structure based on four basic components, it is characterized in that: described electronlmobil comprises the wheel that contains multi-functional wheel hub motor, closed-center system, by the steering swivel system and the digitalisation whole-control system of linear electric motors control, and described wheel adopts four or two to contain the change magnetic resistance biconvex utmost point wheel hub motor that has electronic, electrification feedback and electromagnetic braking concurrently; Described closed-center system is all kinds of storage batterys or fuel cell; Described steering swivel system by linear electric motors control adopts the electronic differential speed steering system that is turned to by linear stepping motor control; Described digitalisation whole-control system adopts many CPU microcomputer bus mode, comprises measuring sensing module, system controlled by computer module and signal input and output processing module.
2. the electric vehicle structure based on four basic components as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the array configuration that described closed-center system adopts the super capacitor of high-specific-power, low specific energy to combine with the aluminium-air cell of high-energy-density, low specific power.
3. the electric vehicle structure based on four basic components as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that: described digitalisation whole-control system adopts the digitalisation liquid crystal display and has the LCDs that touches film control.
4. the electric vehicle structure based on four basic components as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that: the described wheel that contains multi-functional wheel hub motor adopts inside and outside two-wheel rim structure, interior wheel rim and wheel hub motor one, described outer rim and tire one, described interior wheel rim is captiveed joint with outer rim.
5. the electric vehicle structure based on four basic components as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that: also comprise drive control module in the described wheel.
6. the electric vehicle structure based on four basic components as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that: described steering swivel system comprises electronic controller, motor driver, linear stepping motor, a steering handwheel and a left side, the right steering wheel, described steering handwheel lower end connects steering shaft, the steering wheel angle sensor is installed on the described steering shaft, described steering wheel angle sensor is connected with described electronic controller, the left steering wheel connects left steering joint arm, described left steering joint arm and left intermediate rod are hinged, the right steering wheel connects right steering joint arm, described right steering joint arm and right intermediate rod are hinged, described electronic controller connects motor driver, described motor driver connects described linear step motor, described linear step motor comprises decides part and moving part, described moving part back and forth translation ground through the described hollow cavity of deciding part, describedly decide to be wound with on the part electromagnetism winding, the left end of described moving part is connected with described left intermediate rod, and the right-hand member of described moving part is connected with described right intermediate rod.
7. the electric vehicle structure based on four basic components as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that: described wheel adopts four to contain the reluctance type biconvex utmost point wheel hub motor that has electronic, electrification feedback and electromagnetic braking concurrently, and the electronic differential speed steering system that described control turns to is a four wheel drive four-wheel steering electronic differential speed steering system.
8. the electric vehicle structure based on four basic components as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that: described wheel adopts two to contain the reluctance type biconvex utmost point wheel hub motor that has electronic, electrification feedback and electromagnetic braking concurrently, and the electronic differential speed steering system that described control turns to turns to electronic differential speed steering system or two-wheel drive four-wheel steering electronic differential speed steering system for the two-wheel drive two-wheeled.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010202897771U CN201784475U (en) | 2010-08-12 | 2010-08-12 | Electric automobile structure based on four base parts |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010202897771U CN201784475U (en) | 2010-08-12 | 2010-08-12 | Electric automobile structure based on four base parts |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN201784475U true CN201784475U (en) | 2011-04-06 |
Family
ID=43816454
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010202897771U Expired - Lifetime CN201784475U (en) | 2010-08-12 | 2010-08-12 | Electric automobile structure based on four base parts |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN201784475U (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101920700A (en) * | 2010-08-12 | 2010-12-22 | 浙江工业大学 | Electric vehicle structure based on four basic components |
| CN102874090A (en) * | 2012-09-05 | 2013-01-16 | 北京爱康丽可商贸有限公司 | Multi-power vehicle |
-
2010
- 2010-08-12 CN CN2010202897771U patent/CN201784475U/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101920700A (en) * | 2010-08-12 | 2010-12-22 | 浙江工业大学 | Electric vehicle structure based on four basic components |
| CN101920700B (en) * | 2010-08-12 | 2012-12-12 | 浙江工业大学 | Electric vehicle structure based on four basic components |
| CN102874090A (en) * | 2012-09-05 | 2013-01-16 | 北京爱康丽可商贸有限公司 | Multi-power vehicle |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN104786804B (en) | A kind of vehicle and its Direct wheel drives system and Direct wheel drives moment of torsion distribution method | |
| CN100391768C (en) | Multiple axle driving system for oil-electricity mixed power automobile | |
| CN103738199B (en) | Two grades of driving control systems of bi-motor and driving control method thereof | |
| Tabbache et al. | Design and control of the induction motor propulsion of an electric vehicle | |
| CN2925948Y (en) | Multi-bridge driving system of mixed-dynamic vehicle | |
| CN103481766B (en) | A kind of drive system of electronlmobil and method | |
| CN105667343A (en) | Traction control method for electric automobile | |
| CN104477051B (en) | A kind of double drive axle bi-motor pure electric vehicle driving motor difference power alienation matching process | |
| CN109240125B (en) | Method for calculating two-shaft required torque of gearbox of hybrid vehicle | |
| CN101920700B (en) | Electric vehicle structure based on four basic components | |
| CN103625462A (en) | Method for controlling energy-saving series-connection hybrid power tractor | |
| CN105128855A (en) | Method for controlling double-shaft parallel hybrid power urban bus | |
| CN103568814B (en) | Drive system for hybrid power vehicle | |
| CN101339096A (en) | Booster torquemoment determination method for heavy type transport vehicle electric power-assisted steering system | |
| CN110667564B (en) | Intelligent management method for autonomous queue running energy of parallel hybrid electric vehicle | |
| CN101898558A (en) | Method for controlling drive modes of four-wheel drive strong hybrid automobile | |
| CN105752204A (en) | Parameter matching method for power system of electric car | |
| Wang et al. | Dual-mode adaptive cruise control strategy based on model predictive control and neural network for pure electric vehicles | |
| CN107862325A (en) | One kind is applied to the pure electronic biradical speed motor characteristic parameter matching method of cargo vehicle | |
| CN108482131B (en) | Control method of 48V battery and BSG weak hybrid power energy recovery control system | |
| CN202448723U (en) | Chassis for pure electric automobile | |
| CN201784475U (en) | Electric automobile structure based on four base parts | |
| CN103625308A (en) | Method and system for efficient operation control of electric motor of tractor | |
| CN209111947U (en) | A kind of box-like electric car of Bi-motor set takes turns control structure entirely | |
| Xie et al. | Research on regenerative braking control strategy and Simulink simulation for 4WD electric vehicle |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| AV01 | Patent right actively abandoned |
Granted publication date: 20110406 Effective date of abandoning: 20130306 |
|
| AV01 | Patent right actively abandoned |
Granted publication date: 20110406 Effective date of abandoning: 20130306 |
|
| RGAV | Abandon patent right to avoid regrant |