CN201707294U - Measuring device for steam humidity and water drop diameter of non-contact type steam turbine - Google Patents
Measuring device for steam humidity and water drop diameter of non-contact type steam turbine Download PDFInfo
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- CN201707294U CN201707294U CN2010202127362U CN201020212736U CN201707294U CN 201707294 U CN201707294 U CN 201707294U CN 2010202127362 U CN2010202127362 U CN 2010202127362U CN 201020212736 U CN201020212736 U CN 201020212736U CN 201707294 U CN201707294 U CN 201707294U
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- steam turbine
- drop diameter
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a measuring device for steam humidity and water drop diameter of a non-contact type steam turbine which includes a computer as well as a laser and a CCD camera arranged at the two sides of the observation window of the low pressure cylinder of the steam turbine. The laser is fixed on the 2D turntable of the steam turbine; the CCD camera is fixed on the 2D turntable of the camera; and the CCD camera is connected with the computer through a signal line. The measuring device for steam humidity and water drop diameter of the non-contact type steam turbine has the advantages of high automaticity, high measuring precision, broad application scope, and high measuring efficiency. Moreover, the measuring device for steam humidity and water drop diameter of the non-contact type steam turbine can implement online measurement.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to flowing wet steam moisture measurement field, relates in particular to the measurement mechanism of a kind of steam turbine steam moisture and drop diameter.
Background technology
The existence of " steam moisture " not only reduces the operational efficiency of Steam Turbine, and can cause serious blade erosion, brings very big harm for the economy and the security of Steam Turbine.Therefore, the isoparametric measurement of water droplet particle diameter and concentration is the problem that needs to be resolved hurrily in wet steam problem and the control of power station unit operation.
Closely decades, the steam wetness measurement Study on Technology came into one's own gradually, from the seventies in 20th century, the steam wetness measurement Study on Technology has just obtained bigger progress, and main measuring technique method has: thermodynamic method, optical method, spike and conductive method, partition method, critical velocity method and utilize plate hole measurement etc.But the method that can be used for flowing wet steam moisture measurement in the steam turbine mainly is thermodynamic method and optical method.Thermodynamics method mainly contains flow limit method, coagulation, steam-air mixed method, heating etc.In " thermodynamic method ", it is the most famous that the CERL that develops under the hosting of Moore with Britain central authorities electric industry research laboratory (CERL) crosses the hot type humidity probe, and be applied in the measurement of the final stage humidity of steam turbine." optical measuring method " is based upon on the scattering of light principle basis, mainly is divided into angle scattering method and total scattering method; After the seventies in last century, the optical method of steam moisture has measured very big development, because it can not only measure humidity, and can measure size, number and the distribution of the globule in the steam, therefore is subjected to people's attention especially.Now, mainly be that application probe is measured in optical means, USSR (Union of Soviet Socialist Republics) Moscow power institute has developed angle diffuse transmission type optical probe, but this probe can only be measured drop diameter, and energy measurement steam moisture not; US Westinghouse company and Switzerland BBC company adopt one-wavelength laser as light source, have developed total scattering formula optical probe; The total scattering formula optical probe of Britain CERL development, adopting white visible light is light source, and measuring method has been done improvement; Doing a lot of work aspect the wet steam optical measurement the many researchists of China, developed total scattering optics humidity probe, the reference beam method that is adopted has remedied the deficiency of CERL optical probe method, is fit to carry out on-line monitoring, has once carried out the measurement of final stage humidity on steam turbine.But, said method also exists deficiency: 1, the measurement head of probe still need place steam flow, and tested air-flow is still had certain interference effect, is not the realization non-cpntact measurement, and very high to measuring equipment and environmental requirement, these will produce certain error in measuring process; 2, sonde method can only be measured stage a bit or parameters such as steam moisture on the line and particle diameter distribution, has certain limitation.
The utility model content
The technical problems to be solved in the utility model just is: at the technical matters that prior art exists, the utility model provide a kind of automaticity height, measuring accuracy height, applied widely, efficiency of measurement is high, can carry out the non-contact type turbine steam moisture of on-line measurement and the measurement mechanism of drop diameter.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the utility model by the following technical solutions:
The measurement mechanism of a kind of non-contact type turbine steam moisture and drop diameter, the laser instrument and the CCD camera that comprise computing machine and be installed in turbine low pressure cylinder watch window both sides, described laser instrument is fixed on the laser instrument two dimension turntable, described CCD camera is fixed on the camera two dimension turntable, and described CCD camera links to each other with computing machine by signal wire.
As further improvement of the utility model:
Be provided with attenuator and aperture diaphragm between described laser instrument and the watch window.
Compared with prior art, advantage of the present utility model is:
1, the utility model adopts the method that laser angle scattering theory combines with CCD (Charge Coupled Devices) technology, be used for measuring steam turbine last stage steam moisture and water droplet particle diameter and space distribution thereof, but the distribution of its on-line measurement steam turbine last stage water droplet particle diameter, need not the sampling of as thermodynamics, drawing gas, therefore can not influence turbine work;
2, the utility model not only can the MEASUREMENT OF STEAM turbine in the drop size and the concentration of single-point, can also measure whole final stage steam moisture and water droplet particle diameter distribution;
3, measuring speed of the present utility model is fast, measuring accuracy is high, also can obtain measurement result in real time, and general needs a few minutes can finish whole surveying work;
4, measurement mechanism of the present utility model, the automaticity height, simple and compact for structure, with low cost, fitting operation is easy, improved efficiency of measurement greatly.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the principle schematic of the utility model measurement mechanism;
Fig. 2 is the principle schematic of the utility model measuring method;
Fig. 3 is the principle schematic that the utility model is demarcated the CCD camera.
1, laser instrument; 2, CCD camera; 3, two-dimentional turntable; 4, turbine low pressure cylinder watch window; 5, computing machine; 7, aperture diaphragm; 8, watch window light inlet; 9, watch window light-emitting window.
Embodiment
Below with reference to Figure of description and specific embodiment the utility model is described in further details.
As shown in Figure 1, the utility model is the measurement mechanism of a kind of non-contact type turbine steam moisture and drop diameter, the laser instrument 1 and the CCD camera 2 that comprise computing machine 5 and be installed in turbine low pressure cylinder watch window 4 both sides, laser instrument 1 is fixed on the laser instrument 1 two-dimentional turntable 3, CCD camera 2 is fixed on the camera two dimension turntable 3, and CCD camera 2 links to each other with computing machine 5 by signal wire.Be provided with attenuator and aperture diaphragm 7 between laser instrument 1 and the watch window.During this measurement mechanism work, will adopt following measuring method.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, the utility model adopts Laser Scattering Theory and the method that the CCD technology combines, and measures steam turbine last stage steam moisture and water droplet particle diameter, and the concrete steps of measuring method are in the present embodiment:
1., demarcate: before the measurement, at first CCD camera 2 is repeatedly demarcated, adopted the mean value of repeatedly demarcating to determine the average proportions factor of CCD camera 2, calibration system as shown in Figure 3;
2., install: laser instrument 1 and CCD camera 2 are separately fixed on the precise 2-D turntable 3 of turbine low pressure cylinder watch window 4 both sides, send angle between incident ray and CCD camera 2 optical axises so that can accurately regulate laser instrument 1.Must allow in the measurement keep certain angle between incident light and the CCD optical axis,, make CCD camera 2 can detect faint scattered light signal so that can from strong incident light, isolate faint scattered light.Therefore, the key of measurement is the angle of accurately regulating between incident light and the CCD camera 2, makes it to keep certain angle.Add attenuator and aperture diaphragm 7 between laser instrument 1 and watch window light inlet 8, incident intensity and beam divergence angle that laser instrument 1 is sent limit within the specific limits.According to correlation theory, in small angle range, water vapour is comparatively obvious to scattering of light, and along with the increase of scattering angle, scattered light intensity weakens gradually.Therefore the distribution that needs to measure the scattered light in 0 °～10 ° scopes in measuring.According to calculating, if the field angle of CCD camera 2 is 10 °, the angle that then requires incident light and CCD optical axis is 5 °.Can accurately regulate incident ray by following two steps in the measurement.
3., initialization is regulated: regulate the two-dimentional turntable 3 under the laser instrument 1, the incident ray that laser instrument 1 is sent overlaps with the bore line of centres of watch window light inlet 8, watch window light-emitting window 9, writes down two-dimentional turntable 3 positions of this moment; Then, regulate the two-dimentional turntable 3 under the CCD camera 2, treat that the laser facula of laser instrument 1 just moves on to the ccd image center of CCD camera 2, write down two-dimentional turntable 3 positions of this moment;
4., accurately regulate: regulate the two-dimentional turntable 3 under the CCD camera 2, just shift out the field of view edge of CCD camera 2 until the laser facula center of laser instrument 1, fixing two-dimentional turntable 3, and write down its position, CCD camera 2 rotated and was about 2 ° this moment.Then, accurately regulate the turntable of laser instrument 1, make incident ray rotate about 2 ° 36 ', enter CCD camera 2 to guarantee a large amount of scattered lights; Through above-mentioned accurate adjustment process, the angle between incident ray and the CCD optical axis just can reach measures needed angle.
5., obtain the total transmitance of turbine low pressure cylinder: measure the light intensity at watch window light inlet 8 and watch window light-emitting window 9 places respectively with light power meter, be designated as I
Go into, I
Go out, then can get the total transmitance of turbine low pressure cylinder and be: T=I
Go out/ I
Go into
6., the record scattered light distributes: open steam valve, fill steam a period of time to turbine low pressure cylinder, fill steam flow state variation in the steam course with CCD camera 2 real time record, close simultaneously into then, exhaust steam valve, after treating that steam flow reaches steady state (SS), take multiple image continuously with CCD camera 2, preserve and make subsequent treatment.Then, the quick adjustment incident ray, the scattered light that writes down respectively under the different scattering angle distributes; Next, change the operating mode in the turbine low pressure cylinder, the scattered light of measuring under the different operating modes distributes;
7., according to the distribution and the Laser Scattering Theory of light intensity, scattered light intensity distributed calculates and analyze, calculate that steam moisture and drop diameter distribute in the turbine low pressure cylinder.
In the present embodiment, the CCD that uses in the measurement is of a size of 1/3 inch, and resolution is 656 * 493pixels, and lens focus is 75mm, and field angle is about 4 °; Distribute in order to measure 0 °～10 ° scattered lights in the scope, adopt the method for areal survey,, the scattering angle measurement range is divided into three sections, be respectively 2.6 °～6.6 °, 5 °～9 ° and 8 °～10 ° by regulating the incident light direction.
As shown in Figure 2, indicated the principle of measuring the distribution of turbine low pressure cylinder water vapour scattered light intensity.Among the figure, the angle between incident ray and the optical axis is α, and the scattering angle at N place, picture dot position is designated as β, and its gray-scale value is g, and the level angle of the unit's of establishing picture dot correspondence is θ, then:
β＝N·θ (1)
Scattered light intensity is:
I
β＝K·g (2)
If incident intensity is I, the total transmitance in aperture is T, and then the scattering coefficient γ at scattering angle β place is:
Below only be preferred implementation of the present utility model, protection domain of the present utility model also not only is confined to the foregoing description, and all technical schemes that belongs under the utility model thinking all belong to protection domain of the present utility model.Should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art the some improvements and modifications not breaking away under the utility model principle prerequisite should be considered as protection domain of the present utility model.
Claims (2)
1. the measurement mechanism of non-contact type turbine steam moisture and drop diameter, it is characterized in that: the laser instrument and the CCD camera that comprise computing machine and be installed in turbine low pressure cylinder watch window both sides, described laser instrument is fixed on the laser instrument two dimension turntable, described CCD camera is fixed on the camera two dimension turntable, and described CCD camera links to each other with computing machine by signal wire.
2. the measurement mechanism of non-contact type turbine steam moisture according to claim 1 and drop diameter is characterized in that: be provided with attenuator and aperture diaphragm between described laser instrument and the watch window.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010202127362U CN201707294U (en) | 2010-06-02 | 2010-06-02 | Measuring device for steam humidity and water drop diameter of non-contact type steam turbine |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2010202127362U CN201707294U (en) | 2010-06-02 | 2010-06-02 | Measuring device for steam humidity and water drop diameter of non-contact type steam turbine |
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| CN201707294U true CN201707294U (en) | 2011-01-12 |
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| CN2010202127362U Expired - Fee Related CN201707294U (en) | 2010-06-02 | 2010-06-02 | Measuring device for steam humidity and water drop diameter of non-contact type steam turbine |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2982952A1 (en) * | 2011-11-18 | 2013-05-24 | Gen Electric | DEVICE AND METHOD FOR MEASURING THE MOISTURE CONTENT OF A STEAM FLOW |
-
2010
- 2010-06-02 CN CN2010202127362U patent/CN201707294U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2982952A1 (en) * | 2011-11-18 | 2013-05-24 | Gen Electric | DEVICE AND METHOD FOR MEASURING THE MOISTURE CONTENT OF A STEAM FLOW |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| C17 | Cessation of patent right | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20110112 Termination date: 20130602 |