The model utility content
In such connecting pin, there is a kind of power that utilizes hydrodynamic pressure to provide to work.In actual applications, the size of connecting pin sometimes, especially radial dimension is subjected to the restriction of conditions such as design space, can not design arbitrarily.Yet the driving force that drives connecting pin work is closely related with the area of connecting pin reception pressure again, under the certain situation of needed driving force, the little fluid system that then needs of lifting surface area provides high relatively system pressure, this might increase the cost of system, be very disadvantageous for system, sometimes or even can't realize.
In order to address the above problem, the utility model provides a kind of connecting pin that is used for connecting separably two parts, comprises head, links to each other with this head and coaxial and to the first step portion of radial outside expansion and also coaxial cylindrical or columnar first main part that links to each other with this first step portion.
Owing to be provided with stepped part, therefore, even the design space of the head of connecting pin is restricted, also can pass through the design flow body loop, utilize stepped part to increase the whole lifting surface area of connecting pin, need not to increase system pressure, both avoidable cost raise, and can improve the switching performance of connecting pin again and remove performance with being connected.
A preferred version of the present utility model is, the first step portion of connecting pin has the plane step surface perpendicular to the axis of head, perhaps coaxial surface of revolution step surface with the head of connecting pin, for example the circular cone table top, to the annular arc surface of radially inner side depression or annular parabola etc.
Step surface adopts the plane perpendicular to the axis of head, is convenient to processing, and processing cost is cheaper; Adopt the circular cone table top, to shapes such as surface of revolution such as the annular arc surface of radially inner side depression or parabolas, can alleviate the concentrated situation of stress of head and stepped part joint, avoid rupturing herein.
Another preferred version of the present utility model is that the head of connecting pin is a truncated cone.
Because connecting pin has the head of truncated cone, when connecting when one of head insertion connected component that makes this truncated cone and with two connected components, even two connected components is not very high to the heart (centering) precision, can guarantee also that connecting pin inserts in the pin-and-hole effectively and realize connecting, and can not take place because of to the not high problem that can not make in the connecting pin insertion pin-and-hole of the heart (centering) precision.Otherwise, when the head that is inserted in this truncated cone in one of two connected components is extracted, even two connected components is not very high to the heart (centering) precision, can guarantee that also connecting pin breaks away from pin-and-hole conscientiously and remove to connect, and can not take place because of to the not high stuck problem in pin-and-hole of connecting pin that makes of the heart (centering) precision.Therefore, when adopting connecting pin of the present utility model to connect, the head of connecting pin can absorb assembly error, and like this, assembling work becomes and implements easily, has reduced assembly cost, has improved efficiency of assembling, has improved switching performance simultaneously and has removed performance with being connected.
In addition, another preferred version of the present utility model is, the outer surface of connecting pin is provided with at least one groove that along the circumferential direction extends, and the cross section of groove is triangle, rectangle, polygonal and circular arc such as trapezoidal.
Because the outer surface of connecting pin is provided with the groove that along the circumferential direction extends, therefore, connecting pin and connected component slide relative and the scrap that produces can be stored temporarily in the groove, and then be brought in the fluid system along with moving of connecting pin and, avoid damage is caused on the surface of two slide members finally by the system of cleaning out.Also can store certain fluid in the groove,, help the smooth and easy slip of two parts as the flowing medium between two slide members.Slidingsurface is kept clean, can not only reduce wearing and tearing significantly, and can also guarantee that connecting pin can work swimmingly, improve its functional reliability.
In addition, another preferred version of the present utility model is also to comprise: be arranged between head and the first step portion, and first neck that shrinks to radially inner side than the outside dimension that is attached thereto of head of diameter; Link to each other with first main part and second neck that coaxial and diameter shrinks to radially inner side than the outside dimension of first main part, link to each other with this second neck and coaxial and also coaxial cylindrical or columnar second main part that links to each other to the second step portion of radial outside expansion, with this second step portion.
The neck of connecting pin of the present utility model can be brought into play the effect roughly the same with above-mentioned groove, and therefore, neck can be regarded a groove as.In addition, the wear condition that second neck, second step portion and second main part can further improve the force-bearing situation and the slide member of connecting pin is set.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with description of drawings embodiment of the present utility model.
Fig. 1 is the sectional view of a preferred embodiment of expression connecting pin of the present utility model.
As shown in Figure 1, connecting pin 1 is a step straight pin, comprises head 101, first neck 102 that is connected with head 101, the first step portion 103 that is connected with first neck 102, first main part 104 that is connected with first step portion 103, second neck 105 that is connected with first main part, the second step portion 106 that is connected with second neck 105, second main part 107 that is connected with second step portion 106.Above-mentioned various piece is all coaxial, and head 101 is circular cone shape; First neck 102 shrinks towards radially inner side slightly, and its outer surface 102a is roughly the ring-type arc surface; First step portion 103 has the step surface 103a of circular cone shape; First main part 104 is cylindric; Second neck 105 is similar to first neck 102, also shrinks towards radially inner side, and its outer surface 105a is also roughly the same with the outer surface 102a of first neck 102 to be the ring-type arc surface; Second step portion 106 has the step surface 106a with the axis perpendicular of connecting pin 1; Second main part 107 also is cylindric.Inside at first main part 104, second neck 105, second step portion 106 and second main part 107 is formed with a cavity---endoporus 108, and the Returnning spring 5 of Fig. 2 and connecting pin 1 shown in Figure 3 is arranged in the endoporus 108.The maximum outside diameter of head 101 is less than the external diameter of first main part 104, and the external diameter of first main part 104 is less than the external diameter of second main part 107.Be formed with annular slot a---holding tank 109 that along the circumferential direction extends on the outer surface 104a of first main part 104, the cross section of this holding tank 109 is roughly trapezoidal.
Fig. 2 is the sectional view of working state of the connecting pin of a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, and its expression connecting pin is inserted in two connected components the state that they is connected to each other together.
As shown in Figure 2, first connected component 3 is provided with two cylindrical coaxial inner that are interconnected---first endoporus 301 and second endoporus 302, the external diameter of first main part 104 of the internal diameter of first endoporus 301 and connecting pin 1 is roughly the same, and the external diameter of second main part 107 of the internal diameter of second endoporus 302 and connecting pin 1 is roughly the same.In second connected component 4, be provided with a columned bush hole 401, and lining 2 is installed in bush hole 401.The external diameter of the lining 2 roughly internal diameter with bush hole 401 is identical, and has a lining endoporus 201 roughly the same with the shape of the head 102 of connecting pin 1, and the depth dimensions of lining endoporus 201 is bigger than the height dimension of the head 102 of connecting pin 1.First main part 104 of connecting pin 1 is inserted in first endoporus 301 of first connected component 3, second main part 107 is inserted in second endoporus 302, head 101 can insert in the lining endoporus 201 that is embedded in the lining 2 in second connected component 4, when head 101 is inserted in the lining endoporus 201, first connected component 3 and second connected component 4 are joined together by connecting pin 1, and their motion is related each other.
Fig. 3 is the sectional view of working state of the connecting pin of a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, and its expression connecting pin has broken away from a connected component and made the two connected components state that comes separated from one another.
As shown in Figure 3, when connecting pin 1 is arranged in the figure leftward position, the major part of first main part 104 is retracted in second endoporus 302 of first connected component 3,101 on head has broken away from the lining endoporus 201 of lining 2 fully, be retracted in first endoporus 301 of first connected component 3, at this moment, connecting pin 1 and lining 2 mutual noninterferences, first connected component 3 was disengaged with second being connected of connected component 4, and the two can move independently of one another.
Working condition to connecting pin 1 describes below.
Connecting pin 1 of the present utility model is worked by the motivational drive that hydraulic oil provides.At state as shown in Figure 2, the first fluid chamber C1 that the head 101 of second connected component 4, lining 2 and connecting pin 1 is surrounded, first neck 102 of lining 2, first connected component 3, connecting pin 1 and the second fluid chamber C2 that first step portion 103 is surrounded, the 3rd fluid chamber C3 that first main part 104, second neck 105 and the second step portion 106 of first connected component 3, connecting pin 1 surrounded is respectively that three hydraulic oil store the chamber.
At first, under state shown in Figure 2, not voltage supply of hydraulic system, connecting pin 1 is under the spring force effect of Returnning spring 5, head 101 is against in the lining endoporus 201 of lining 2, be in link position, first connected component 3 and second connected component 4 are connected pin 1 and link together, and two connected components link each other.
In this state, when giving the hydraulic system voltage supply, shown in the direction of arrow among Fig. 2, hydraulic oil acts on pressure p on the connecting pin 1, connecting pin 1 overcomes the resistance of Returnning spring 5 and the frictional force of first connected component 3 moves towards the left side among Fig. 2, first main part 104 recedes into the second endoporus head 101 gradually from first endoporus of first connected component 3 and spins off from the lining endoporus 201 of lining 2 gradually, finally arrives connection shown in Figure 3 and removes the position.Like this, being connected between first connected component 3 and second connected component 4 is disengaged, two connected components no longer interlocks each other, self-movement separately.In addition, when connecting pin 1 moved to connection releasing position, holding tank 109 was communicated with the 3rd fluid chamber C3.
In this state, when cutting off the voltage supply of hydraulic system, 1 of connecting pin is under the spring force effect of Returnning spring 5, overcome the resistance of hydraulic oil, the connection in left side is removed the position and is moved to the right from Fig. 3, and head 101 inserts in the lining endoporus 201 of lining 2 gradually and finally is against on the hole wall, arrive link position shown in Figure 2, first connected component 3 and second connected component 4 are joined together, and like this, two connected components link each other.
When connecting pin 1 in first connected component 3 as shown in Figures 2 and 3 link position and connect to remove between the position when mobile repeatedly, between first main part 104 and first endoporus 301, the groove that the scrap that produces between second main part 107 and second endoporus 302 can temporarily fall into holding tank 109 and be made of first neck 102 and second neck 105 avoids scratching first main part 104 of connecting pin 1, the outer surface of second main part 107 and head 101 and and first endoporus 301 of first connected component 3, the internal surface of the lining endoporus 201 of second endoporus 302 and lining 2.And then these scrap can be discharged among the second fluid chamber C2 and the 3rd fluid chamber C3 along with the mobile of connecting pin 1, are finally cleaned out hydraulic system.In addition, can also store certain hydraulic oil in the holding tank 109 and first neck 102 and second neck 105, therefore, they can also play the lubricated effect that ensures to connecting pin 1 and connected component 3, can reduce wearing and tearing effectively, in the working life of elongated component, this effect is especially outstanding when the length of connecting pin is longer.
As shown in Figures 1 to 3, the head 101 of connecting pin 1 of the present utility model is a circular cone shape, and the lining endoporus 201 of lining 2 is internal taper holes that the shape with head 101 is complementary.When head 101 inserts in the lining endoporus 201 of lining 2, it at first is the bigger bottom of diameter that the less top of diameter of head 101 enters lining endoporus 201, then head 101 continues to insert towards the less top of the diameter of lining endoporus 201, till must not moving ahead on the hole wall that is resisted against lining endoporus 201.At this moment, head 101 is inserted in the lining 2 first connected component 3 and second connected component 4 is linked together.
Because the head 101 of connecting pin 1 adopts truncated cone shape, therefore, when two connected components being connected when head 101 is inserted in the lining endoporus 201 in second connected component 4, even two connected components is not very high to the heart (centering) precision, can guarantee also that head 101 can insert in the lining endoporus 201 effectively and realize connecting, and can not take place because of the not high connecting pin that can not make of the heart (centering) precision is inserted problem in second connected component 4.Otherwise, when the head 101 in making the lining endoporus 201 that is inserted in second connected component 4 is extracted, even two connected components is not very high to the heart (centering) precision, also can guarantee head 101 can break away from lining endoporus 201 conscientiously and remove to connect, can not take place because of to the not high problem that connecting pin is stuck of the heart (centering) precision.Therefore, when adopting connecting pin 1 of the present utility model to connect, the head 101 of connecting pin can absorb assembly error, like this, assembling work becomes and implements easily, has reduced assembly cost, improved efficiency of assembling, improved switching performance simultaneously and removed performance with being connected.
In addition, as shown in Figures 1 to 3, be formed with first neck 102 on the connecting pin 1, first step portion 103, second neck 105, second step portion 106, first neck 102, first endoporus 301 of the first step portion 103 and first connected component 3 and the lining 2 that is embedded in second connected component 4 surround the second fluid chamber C2, second neck 105, second endoporus 302 of the second step portion 106 and first connected component 3 surrounds the 3rd fluid chamber C3, compare with the general cylindrical pin that does not have step, the connecting pin of present embodiment has increased by the second fluid chamber C2 and two fluid chambers of the 3rd fluid chamber C3 in working order down, therefore, can increase the hydraulic coupling that acts on the connecting pin 1, in other words, can drive connecting pin 1 motion with lower system pressure.In the attachment portion, for example under the situation that the design size of the head in the present embodiment 101 is restricted, can be by the design oil hydraulic circuit, hydraulic pressure is also acted in first step portion 103 and/or the second step portion 106, obtain bigger driving force with less system pressure, need not to increase system pressure and just can realize that the smooth and easy of connecting pin moves.In addition, the hydraulic oil of storing in these two fluid chambers also can play connecting pin 1 and connected component and ensure lubricated effect, makes that the lubrication state between two slide members also is improved, thereby can reduce the wearing and tearing of component, prolongs its working life.
As mentioned above, the head 101 of connecting pin 1 is circular cone shape, and first neck 102 shrinks towards radially inner side slightly, has the outer surface 102a that is roughly ring-type circular arc, and therefore, first neck 102 has formed an annular ditch groove that along the circumferential direction extends in fact.Similarly, second neck 105 shrinks towards radially inner side slightly, has the outer surface 105a that is roughly ring-type circular arc, and therefore, second neck 105 has in fact also formed an annular ditch groove that along the circumferential direction extends.This shows, first neck 102 and second neck 105 also have the effect roughly the same with holding tank 109, that is: can store because of first main part 104 of connecting pin 1 and first endoporus 301 of first connected component 3, second endoporus 302 of second main part 107 and first connected component 3 and head 101 and be embedded in the sliding friction between the lining endoporus 201 of lining 2 of second connected component 4 and the scrap that produces reduce first main part 104 of scrap to connecting pin 1, first endoporus 301 of the outer surface of second main part 107 and head 101 and first connected component 3, the internal surface of the lining endoporus 201 of second endoporus 302 and lining 2 causes damage.In addition, the hydraulic oil that is stored in these positions also plays the lubricated effect of guarantee to above-mentioned each slide relative parts, thereby improves the lubrication state between them, reduces the wearing and tearing of component, prolongs its working life.
Though first step portion 103 has adopted the step surface 103a of truncated cone shape in above preferred embodiment, also can adopt step surface as required perpendicular to the axis of connecting pin 1.Equally, though in above preferred embodiment the step surface 106a of second step portion 106 be one basically with the plane of the axis normal of connecting pin 1, but also can adopt the combined shaped of shape such as circular cone, ring-type arc surface, ring-type parabola or various curved surfaces as required, the stress that can take all factors into consideration stepped part concentrates, drive the size of the needed driving force of connecting pin and the factors such as contact length of main part and connected component are carried out suitable design.
Owing on connecting pin 1, be provided with holding tank 109, the scrap that produces because of friction can fall into holding tank 109, and along with the moving by in the substitution hydraulic oil of connecting pin 1, is finally cleaned out hydraulic system, therefore, has the self-cleaning function according to connecting pin 1 of the present utility model.Simultaneously,, connecting pin 1 is played ensureing lubricated effect, therefore, also have self-lubricating function according to connecting pin 1 of the present utility model owing to also can store hydraulic oil in the holding tank 109.Owing to have self-cleaning and self-lubricating function, have long working life according to connecting pin 1 of the present utility model.
Because the head 101 of connecting pin 1 adopts circular cone structure, when two connected components being connected when head 101 is inserted in the lining 2 that is embedded in second connected component 4, even two connected components is not very high to the heart (centering) precision, can guarantee also that connecting pin 1 can insert effectively and realize in the lining endoporus 201 of lining 2 connecting, and can not take place because of not inserting problem in the lining endoporus 201 to the not high connecting pin 1 that causes of the heart (centering) precision.Otherwise, when the head 101 that is inserted in the lining 2 that is embedded in second connected component 4 is extracted, even two connected components is not very high to the heart (centering) precision, can guarantee that also connecting pin 1 can break away from lining endoporus 201 conscientiously and remove and connect, and can not take place because of to the not high connecting pin 1 stuck problem in lining 2 that causes of the heart (centering) precision.Therefore, when adopting connecting pin 1 of the present utility model to connect, the head 101 of connecting pin 1 can absorb assembly error, like this, assembling work becomes and implements easily, has reduced assembly cost, improved efficiency of assembling, improved switching performance simultaneously and removed performance with being connected.
Owing to be provided with first step portion 102 and second step portion 105, therefore, even the design space of connecting pin 1 is restricted, also can pass through the design flow body loop, utilize stepped part to increase the whole lifting surface area of connecting pin 1, like this, need not to increase system pressure and just can obtain relatively large driving force, both can avoid because of increasing the cost rising that system pressure brings, and can improve the switching performance of connecting pin again and remove performance with being connected.
Though in above preferred embodiment, adopted lining, also can not use lining, directly on connected component, form the attachment hole that is complementary with head.
In addition, though the cross section of holding tank is trapezoidal in above preferred embodiment, the outer surface of first neck and second neck is circular arc in the form of a ring roughly, but these all only are examples, as long as can store scrap and hydraulic oil, can adopt for example Any shape such as triangle, rectangle, square.
In addition, though in above preferred embodiment, be provided with two stepped part, the stepped part of other quantity can be set as required also.
In addition, though connecting pin is provided with the endoporus that holds Returnning spring in above preferred embodiment, adopts solid construction also to be fine, and do not use Returnning spring, replace, the same structure that adopts the pressure with fluid that connecting pin is resetted also is fine.
In addition, though connecting pin drives by hydraulic oil and works in above preferred embodiment, connecting pin of the present utility model also can provide power and works by pressurized gas.