CN201666723U

CN201666723U - Energy-saving fixed type series submerged arc furnace and calcium carbide furnace

Info

Publication number: CN201666723U
Application number: CN2009201741814U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 巴涌
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2009-08-26
Filing date: 2009-08-26
Publication date: 2010-12-08
Anticipated expiration: 2019-08-26

Abstract

The utility model discloses a brand new energy-saving fixed type series submerged arc furnace and a calcium carbide furnace. The integral horizontal sections of hearths of the energy-saving fixed type series submerged arc furnace and the calcium carbide furnace are of structures formed by adopting non-overlapped parts of crucible circles with different overlapping depths of electrodes or a plurality of independent round crucible cavities with non-overlapped crucible circles, and also adopting sealed multi-section lines or polygons; and the longitudinal structural sections of central shafts of hearths and shells of the energy-saving fixed type series submerged arc furnace and calcium carbide furnace can be columnar, and adopt straight lines, double-curved lines and arc lines protruding toward the interior of the furnaces. The submerged arc furnace and the calcium carbide furnace can be formed by smelting of lower-grade raw materials, thus being capable of according with various power consumption indexes in smelting of the present national requirements, being beneficial to safe and stable operation of environment-protecting and dust-removing equipment and implementation of non-manual-control smelting technology of the submerged arc furnace, and having great development potential for various large-size closed submerged arc furnaces of more than 25-thousand kilowatts.

Description

Energy-saving fixed series ore heating furnace and furnace of calcium carbide

Technical field:

The utility model is the design that is used for complex art and corresponding other corollary equipment of the hot stove of design and ore deposit and the material of energy saving series ore heating furnace.

Concerning smelting mine heat furnace, furnace of calcium carbide industry, it smelts the geometry and the isostructural change of size of burner hearth and related device, can directly influence the change of smelting process, metallurgical effect and smelting energy-saving efficiency and ton energy consumption.

Energy-saving fixed series ore heating furnace and furnace of calcium carbide can use that all are airtight, semi-hermetic, the hot stove in open ore deposit, can be used for smelting calcium carbide, yellow phosphorus, silicon system (ferrosilicon, silico-calcium, silicon barium, metallic silicon etc.), manganese system (ferromanganese, silicomanganese, manganese metal etc.), chromium system or nickel system, molybdenum-iron, ferrotungsten, the hot stove in various ore deposits such as ferrotianium, power supply mode can adopt direct current, low-frequency ac, intermediate frequency, the hot stove in high-frequency ac ore deposit, the plasma smelting stove, the hot stoves in novel energy ore deposit such as electromagnetism smelting furnace, supply transformer can adopt three-phase transformer or single-phase transformer, one time supply voltage can be used for 11KV, 35KV, 66KV, 110KV, any electric pressure such as 220KV, ore deposit hot stove power 500-500000KVA (kilowatt), arrangement of electrodes is modes such as equilateral symmetry or inequilateral, electrode adopts prebake or self-baking carbon or graphite or other electrode, the secondary power supply adds electric installation and adopts brasses or composite electrode holder conducting element or other to power up mode, electrode shape adopts square, circular, rectangle, shapes such as ellipse, mine heat furnace smelting reducing agent are material containing carbon, such as, blue charcoal, coke, semicoke, anthracite, the washing coal, petroleum coke, or high-quality raw coal, carbon materials such as high-quality charcoal.

Background technology:

On hot stove in ore deposit or furnace of calcium carbide horizontal section, the burner hearth cross section that tradition is smelted the hot stove in submerged arc ore deposit all is circular, minority is rectangle or ellipse, but except circular (accompanying drawing 1), problems such as supply load that alternate manner causes because of the asymmetry of its practical application and electric potential gradient are asymmetric and because the unbalanced placement operations difficulty of stove three-phase electrode is eliminated greatly substantially fully, the spherical hearth structure that just retains at present only, hot stove is used and is also kept reluctantly in the small-power ore deposit, the hot stove of large ore adopts the typical circular burner hearth can't realize the unit consumption index of the hot stove in little ore deposit and embody the advantage of scale, 2.5 the hot stove of large-scale airtight (semi-hermetic) or open ore deposit uses traditional spherical hearth to cause on the electrode to lift more than ten thousand kilowatts, causing smelting energy consumption increases, the fault of deriving is more, be difficult to long-term low consumption stable operation, also relatively harsher to the raw material grade requirement.

From the vertical section of the hot stove in ore deposit: hot stove burner hearth in traditional ore deposit and furnace shell vertically are cylindricality (accompanying drawing 1) or the thick circular platform type (accompanying drawing 2) in furnace wall such as upper coarse and lower fine, and the longitudinal cross-section is that rectangle (accompanying drawing 12) or isosceles trapezoid (accompanying drawing 13) furnace wall are equal thickness up and down.

Summary of the invention:

Goal of the invention (problem of solution):

The design principle of energy-saving fixed series ore heating furnace and furnace of calcium carbide and purpose and traditional design have brand-new design angle and thinking, its main purpose is exactly to guarantee under the prerequisite in bigger concentric circles load and electrode crucible district, smelt the dead band area by effective minimizing, reduce the smelting dead band that is easy to generate eddy current, the darker insertion raw material of electrode when the time spent increases furnace bottom load realization mine heat furnace smelting, to improve hot stove in ore deposit and furnace of calcium carbide energy utilization rate, increase the efficient of smelting transformer self by effective lifting secondary voltage, power factor, increase hot stove in ore deposit or furnace of calcium carbide applicability simultaneously to low grade material, can solve high and the problem that can not operation steady in a long-term of unit consumption that the hot stove in many existing ore deposits and furnace of calcium carbide exist by present technique, be used for 20000KVA (kilowatt) more energy-conservation than traditional type of furnace science on the following bogey, electrode is inserted down, be used for 25000KVA (kilowatt) the above hot stove of large ore, the electrode of its expection is inserted down and integrated power-saving, energy-saving effect can highly significant.

In actual the smelting at the middle part and the top of burner hearth, because do not go out furnace operating, single from the insulation purpose, refractory oven can thicken fully, therefore energy-saving fixed series ore heating furnace and furnace of calcium carbide are except that the vertical structure of using two kinds of traditional uniform thickness furnace walls, adopt on furnace wall, thick bottom, portion furnace wall, hot-top, the ore deposit thin special construction or burner hearth, in, thick structure is not waited in the furnace wall down, (accompanying drawing 14, accompanying drawing 15, accompanying drawing 16), hyperbola or arc or multistage line structure are used in the inner vertically furnace wall of burner hearth simultaneously, and furnace shell then uses bigger truncated cone-shaped suitable for reading or cylindricality (accompanying drawing 14), can realize increasing heat insulation effect like this.Simultaneously, analyze from the boiler face heat recovery, bigger roof of the furnace can prolong heat exchanger time, be beneficial to the recovery of boiler face heat energy, form the storing space (referring to the thick chamber structure in the thin bottom in hyperbolic-type or top) that increases at burner hearth bottom, be beneficial to when reducing the hot stove in ore deposit and coming out of the stove that finished product fusion feed liquid liquid level rises to lifting influence (accompanying drawing 15 on the electrode in the stove because of batch (-type), accompanying drawing 16), on burner hearth vertical (crossing central shaft) structure, the thicker heat-insulation layer in burner hearth middle part is beneficial to insulation, and the thin heat insulation layer structure in bottom is beneficial to and conveniently goes out furnace operating.And the top furnace wall thickness is close with tradition when adopting the hyperbola burner hearth, but the thicker furnace wall in high-temperature region, middle part also is beneficial to insulation, simultaneously because the chamber structure of energy-saving fixed series ore heating furnace and furnace of calcium carbide horizontal section is different with tradition, final its furnace shell sidewall and boiler face heat dissipation capacity are also less than traditional stove, and a nearly step is realized the reduction of smelting unit consumption electricity;

The feature structure of energy-saving fixed series ore heating furnace of while and furnace of calcium carbide, generally adopt under the single-phase transformer deployment scenarios at the hot stove of large ore, can make how much stove centers of heat, the more contiguous ore deposit of each single-phase transformer, can effectively shorten the short net length of ore furnace secondary significantly, reduce short network loss, and two transformers that make each electrode add electrical angle near symmetry, and the optimization of this short web frame is one of energy-conservation purpose of the hot stove in this patent ore deposit.But to note carrying out security protection and the coolings of reinforcement transformer such as the fire prevention of transformer, anti-high temperature simultaneously.

Technical scheme:

Common crucible circle equals utmost point heart circle in the hot stove design in ore deposit; sometimes be slightly larger than or be slightly less than utmost point heart radius of circle; in the hot stove design in ore deposit, reserve place, furnace wall distance margin and do the protection size reservation that burner hearth is smelted; this reservation can influence the position of intersecting point of part section circle or arc but can not influence overall section configuration and patent structure feature, and the shape facility of energy-saving fixed series ore heating furnace and furnace of calcium carbide refers to comprise adopt to protect to be reserved apart from the size situation.

Smelt term----crucible circle, be meant under the working of a furnace of operations such as secondary voltage by the hot stove in design ore deposit of certain smelting, output, unit consumption electricity, the circle cylindrical of putting arc that forms in the electrode bottom, usually crucible is the thick approximate truncated cone-shaped in thin bottom, top, the crucible circle refers generally to maximum base diameter, its diameter is in from the roasting electrode ore-smelting furnace times electrode diameter about 1.5-3 normally, at the hot stove in the ore deposit of the preroast electrode electrode diameter of 1-5 about doubly normally.Same electrode should value be smelted kind because of difference, different secondary voltage, and the working of a furnace, factors such as raw material grade and product grade are different and change.

Smelt term----with (utmost point) heart circle, referred to the circle at each geometric electrode center, the concentrically ringed center of circle is common and the burner hearth geometric center is overlapping, also claims utmost point heart circle.

Smelt term---dead band, this specification is used in reference between two electrodes near the long-pending easily extremely place of material, the inboard of furnace wall.

Do the technical scheme explanation with three electrodes, the three crucible circular arc type of furnaces of the most frequently used typical employing circular electrode below:

The burner hearth integral level section of energy-saving fixed series ore heating furnace and furnace of calcium carbide is a plurality of independent crucible cylindrical cavity that adopts do not overlap part or the three crucibles circle of the different overlapping degree of depth of the crucible circle of three electrodes not overlap, and adopts the said structure that seals multistage line or polygon and form; The vertical structure section that the burner hearth of energy-saving fixed series ore heating furnace and furnace of calcium carbide and furnace shell are crossed axis can be a column, and adopts straight line, hyperbola, protruding camber line in stove.

One) burner hearth horizontal section structure:

1 three loop configuration; with the hot stove geometric center center of circle, ore deposit is the center of circle; with hot stove concentric circles in ore deposit or crucible radius of circle is radius; the closed curve of the part that do not overlap outside the three crucible circular arcs that three circle overlappings form is done the burner hearth edge; (accompanying drawing 2); adopt the multistage line to approach the crucible arc; actual furnace is greater than this and reserves guard space (accompanying drawing 3); the value of three crucible circular arc burner hearth crucible radiuses; with the raw material grade; particle diameter; smelting kind difference; different factors such as design of transformer and the design of stove geometric parameter and deciding, actual furnace is wanted this guard space of reserving appropriateness, (guard space is meant the reservation distance of crucible circle and true inboard wall of burner hearth).

2 inboard wall of burner hearth places between two electrodes adopt the straight line pattern that is connected with two electrode crucibles circle cylindrical, formation fillet triangular burner hearth, (accompanying drawing 4), fillet triangular cylinder horizontal section circular arc portion can adopt multistage line (accompanying drawing 7).Can adopt at the stove straightway between the two electrode crucible tangent lines to stove cardiac prominence arc curve or phase stove cardiac prominence circular arc and be connected or tangent (accompanying drawing 5) with the crucible circle.Also can adopt to stove center concave arc curve or to the recessed orthodrome in the concentric center of circle to be connected with the crucible circle or tangent (accompanying drawing 6), or isoeffect curve, equivalent multistage line.

3: multistage cambered surface step, the concentric center of circle is crossed at inboard wall of burner hearth place between two electrodes, adopt the series circle of different radii (the radius value is between electrode radius and burner hearth radius) to approach with the crossing step that forms of crucible circle, (accompanying drawing 8), the radial riser of step can be and the straight line of diameter tangent line different angles herein, or curve arc, polygon broken line approaches to realize burner hearth horizontal section and the three ring-type equivalences of crucible annulus, step adopt serial isocentric circular arc with the tangent race rank direction of isocentric circular arc, curve, multistage line broken line realize that the equivalence of burner hearth horizontal section and crucible annulus three ring-type burner hearths approaches., can adopt parts of traditional spherical hearth inwall to substitute the crucible circle more nearby in electrode and furnace wall so that the enforcement of construction.

4, a kind of special case series structure of energy-saving fixed series ore heating furnace and furnace of calcium carbide is that the hot stove in whole ore deposit adopts three disjoint independent crucible cylindrical cavities of crucible annulus to form, with the body of heater geometric center is symmetric points, equal circumference distributes, apart from equidistant three the single cylindrical cavities of geometric center, every cylindrical cavity has electrode, and electrode is positioned at the center, chamber, each ring cavity raw materials for metallurgy does not contact mutually, each ring cavity furnace bottom is (accompanying drawing 9, accompanying drawing 10, an accompanying drawing 11) at the bottom of public mutual conducting zero potential of one or the common integral electric furnace.This kind special structure is beneficial to the hot stove design in ultra-large type ore deposit, or be applied to adopt the multi-electrode smelting mine heat furnace, the vertical structure in its each single chamber also can adopt vertical feature of energy-saving fixed series ore heating furnace and furnace of calcium carbide, and the horizontal section shape of each single cylindrical cavity can adopt isoeffect curve or equivalent multistage line to approach the crucible circle.The furnace shell of the hot stove in this ore deposit, special many crucibles chamber can adopt circle (accompanying drawing 9) or furnace shell to adopt the horizontal section structure of energy-saving fixed series ore heating furnace and furnace of calcium carbide feature burner hearth: as arc chord angle triangular prism (accompanying drawing 10) or three ring overlappings (accompanying drawing 11) or fully independent three cylindrical burner hearths of suitable diameter, the burner hearth vertical structure of its single furnace chamber or whole stove vertical structure can adopt the vertical structure and the feature of energy-saving fixed series ore heating furnace.The hot stove in this ore deposit makes furnace charge because of being subjected to resistance and eddy-current heating less because of less electrode interpolar leaks () stream, increases furnace bottom and puts the ratio that arc is smelted the hot stove general power in shared ore deposit, is more conducive to the hot stove in various ore deposits of inserting and using low grade material to smelt under the electrode.It is very high that but its furnace wall refractory brick, refractory material and furnace bottom carbon brick and other furnace bottom conduction refractory require.Simultaneously special blow-on striking method and operation management method, reasonably crucible circle spacing, plug for outlet number and plug for outlet position and the track of coming out of the stove design, and the special hot stove cloth design of the ore deposit with typical patent characteristic and transformer and short net design.

Two) burner hearth vertical structure:

1 vertical furnace shell adopts cylindricality, and burner hearth adopts the burner hearth vertical structure (accompanying drawing 12) of cylindricality;

2 vertical furnace shells are upper coarse and lower fine truncated cone-shaped, and inner burner hearth is upper coarse and lower fine truncated cone-shaped burner hearth, traditional identical with furnace wall, the thick end in the inside and outside identical formation roof of the furnace of the domatic angle furnace wall of burner hearth.(accompanying drawing 13);

The upper coarse and lower fine platform shape of 3 vertical furnace shells, inner burner hearth is cylindricality or upper coarse and lower fine shape burner hearth, the different thin characteristics in furnace wall, thick bottom, roof of the furnace furnace wall that form of inside and outside domatic angle.(accompanying drawing 14), this kind structure is put in order the stove high insulating effect, and the furnace shell heat radiation is few, is convenient to simultaneously come out of the stove.；

4 vertical furnace shells adopt cylindricality, and inner burner hearth adopts hyperbola or protruding arc to stove axle line (accompanying drawing 15);

5 vertical furnace shells adopt upper coarse and lower fine platform shape, and inner burner hearth adopts hyperbola or convex, (accompanying drawing 16).Plurality of advantages such as it is good to have pre-heat effect, and electrode inserts dark and stablizes, and it is easy to come out of the stove;

6 furnace shell horizontal sections adopt three crucible circular shapes, furnace profile also adopts three crucible circular arcs outside closed curve to do the chamber structure at burner hearth edge, vertically also there is the vertical structure feature of above-mentioned five kinds of phenomenons in furnace shell, but in view of outside three crucible circular arc ideal form manufacture difficulty bigger, the part refractory brick space of Jie Shenging has been reduced insulation thickness and has been unfavorable for furnace wall insulation simultaneously, to coming out of the stove and operation is no advantage, the hot stove in ore deposit for three crucible generation overlapping type horizontal structures, do not recommend the furnace shell horizontal section to adopt three crucible circular shapes, but consider from the convenience that burner hearth is built by laying bricks or stones, can select for the newly-built type of furnace.

Many crucibles of the disjoint independence of 7 many crucibles of horizontal section annulus cylindrical cavity is formed burner hearth, its single chamber or whole vertically also can use above-mentioned 6 kinds of vertical structures.

That is more than adopted in the design uses geometric parameter, mainly be meant the value of electrode diameter multiple and the parameter value of relevant design formula, comprise, electrode diameter, the big or small value of concentric circles and crucible diameter, hyperbola curvature and top and the bottom openings of sizes relation, suitable for reading and the burner hearth bottom magnitude relationship of burner hearth, comprise that burner hearth is up big and down small, or the choice of up-small and down-big relative value, the side slope angle or the curve radian of furnace wall, will be according to the kind of different matallurgical products, purity, the time that different matallurgical products need, different conventional unit consumption electricity levels of smelting, different smelting slag making amounts, and different raw materials for metallurgy are gone into the temperature of stove, raw material thermal conductivity difference, electrode characteristics, design supply load, smelt kind, furnace temperature, approach many material elements decisions such as mode with curve and calculate, adopt situation and power factor condition with other low-voltage compensation equipment simultaneously, short net complex art uses, and furnace transformer designing technique parameter and outer net characteristics of power supply are coordinated to take all factors into consideration definite.

Beneficial effect:

Adopt energy-saving fixed series ore heating furnace and furnace of calcium carbide, with regard to homogeneous raw material and transformer parameter, adopt under the digitlization operation control situation, smelt the electric unit consumption of ton and can be lower than traditional burner 3-15%, volume increase 5-30%, (different smelting kinds and stove have moderate differences, smelt high more stove such as the ferrosilicon of kind power consumption, silico-calcium, rate of growth can be low more), above-mentioned data comprise and are applied to various large-scale sealed furnace, but the low-voltage compensation of large-scale sealed furnace is wanted the ideal of guaranteed output factor, and design of transformer is wanted science, simultaneously will be in conjunction with complex arts such as the support of adopting other pulse feeding technology and the controls of digitlization operator scheme.

Adopt the new stove design of energy-saving fixed series ore heating furnace and furnace of calcium carbide horizontal section feature, because of transformer near the hot stove geometric center in ore deposit, the significantly shortening of the short net of ore furnace secondary, short network loss also can significantly reduce, thereby realizes energy-saving run, unit consumption reduces.

Description of drawings:

Fig. 1: the hot stove horizontal section in traditional circular ore deposit

Fig. 2: three annular three crucible annulus overlapping burner hearth horizontal sections of the round furnace shell of one of energy-saving fixed series ore heating furnace and furnace of calcium carbide series.

Fig. 3: one of situation of approaching the crucible circle with the multistage line of one of energy-saving fixed series ore heating furnace and furnace of calcium carbide series, its middle conductor (21-22,22-23,23-24,24-25,25-26,26-28,28-29 29-30) can adopt other little convex arc or concave arc camber line or multistage line to substitute.

One of the energy-saving fixed series ore heating furnace of Fig. 4 and furnace of calcium carbide series, furnace shell are circular, are the triangular prism shaped burner hearth of fillet with the crucible circular arc, and wherein (9) are for adopting the crucible arc radius that has increased guard space.The isoeffect curve that furnace shell can adopt reasonably and the burner hearth science is mated.

Fig. 5: one of energy-saving fixed series ore heating furnace and furnace of calcium carbide series; furnace shell is circular; with the crucible circular arc is the triangular prism shaped burner hearth of fillet; wherein (9) are for adopting the crucible arc radius that has increased guard space; (61) be that protruding arc to the stove heart replaces tangent section, the isoeffect curve that furnace shell can adopt reasonably and the burner hearth science is mated.

Fig. 6: one of energy-saving fixed series ore heating furnace and furnace of calcium carbide series; furnace shell is circular; with the crucible circular arc is the triangular prism shaped burner hearth of fillet; wherein (9) are for adopting the crucible arc radius that has increased guard space; (62) be that recessed arc to the stove heart replaces tangent section, the isoeffect curve that furnace shell can adopt reasonably and the burner hearth science is mated.

Fig. 7: one of energy-saving fixed series ore heating furnace and furnace of calcium carbide series, furnace shell is circular, with the crucible circular arc one of situation of approaching with the multistage line in the triangular prism shaped burner hearth of fillet on the crucible circular arc, line segment (32-33,33-34,34-35,35-36 37-38) is multistage straightway or multistage line or little radian curve, and line segment (36-37) is a tangent section, can replace the isoeffect curve that furnace shell can adopt reasonably and the burner hearth science is mated with multistage line or convex-concave curved section.

Fig. 8: the multistage cambered surface step of one of energy-saving fixed series ore heating furnace and furnace of calcium carbide series, electrode crucible circular arc or part circular furnace wall inner arc intersect the feature structure that the many steps of formation approach with the serial concentric circles of crossing the stove geometric center.Wherein arc (41-42) can be a part crucible circular arc, it also can be a part of traditional circular arc inboard wall of burner hearth arc, line segment (42-43, can be that spoke (bar) is to line segment 4-48), can be any multistage line or curve, the part arc of serial isocentric circular arc be as arc (43-44) arc (45-46) arc (47-48), these arcs can adopt little straight line, and multistage line or equivalent arc replace.

Fig. 9: one of energy-saving fixed series ore heating furnace and furnace of calcium carbide series are the hot stove in special multi-cavity ore deposit of the non-intersect situation of three crucibles, and furnace shell is circular, and furnace chamber and furnace shell can adopt multistage line or polygon.The single chamber of this kind plug for outlet is few, but the burner hearth good heat insulation.

Figure 10: one of energy-saving fixed series ore heating furnace and furnace of calcium carbide series are the hot stove in special multi-cavity ore deposit of the non-intersect situation of three crucibles, and furnace shell is a fillet prismatic situation, and furnace chamber and furnace shell can adopt multistage line or polygon.But the single chamber of this kind plug for outlet 1-2, the burner hearth insulation better.

Figure 11: one of energy-saving fixed series ore heating furnace and furnace of calcium carbide series are the hot stove in special multi-cavity ore deposit of the non-intersect situation of three crucibles, and furnace shell is three annulars that overlap, and furnace chamber and furnace shell can adopt multistage line or polygon.But more than the single chamber of this kind plug for outlet 2-5, can be used for the hot stove in ultra-large type ore deposit, the burner hearth insulation is moderate.

Figure 12: circular cylindrical shape burner hearth, vertical column body of heater, the skiagraph of the hot stove in uniform thickness ore deposit, furnace wall.

Figure 13: truncated cone-shaped burner hearth, vertical upper coarse and lower fine body of heater and furnace shell, the sectional drawing of the hot stove in ore deposit of furnace wall uniform thickness.

Figure 14: the skiagraph of energy-saving fixed series ore heating furnace and furnace of calcium carbide, the furnace shell outside is up big and down small situation, inwall (81) is vertical vertical ground or out of plumb ground.Wherein burner hearth can be up-small and down-big, also can be up big and down small, and the furnace wall is can be above thick thin down, but also upper-thin-lower-thick or uniform thickness, stove inwall and furnace shell buttocks can be straight lines, curve or polygon.

Figure 15: the skiagraph of one of energy-saving fixed series ore heating furnace and furnace of calcium carbide series, inferior thick cylindricality on the furnace shell, inwall (83) hyperbola or protruding in stove isoeffect curve or the situation of multistage line.Wherein burner hearth (hyperbola or isoeffect curve) opening can be up-small and down-big, also can be up big and down small, and the furnace wall is can be above thick thin down, but also upper-thin-lower-thick or uniform thickness, the furnace shell buttocks can be a straight line, curve or polygon.

Figure 16: the skiagraph of one of energy-saving fixed series ore heating furnace and furnace of calcium carbide series, furnace shell is a upper coarse and lower fine shape, inwall (83) is hyperbola or protruding isoeffect curve or multistage line in stove, wherein burner hearth (hyperbola or isoeffect curve) opening can be up-small and down-big, also can be up big and down small, the furnace wall is can be above thick thin down, but also upper-thin-lower-thick or uniform thickness, the furnace shell buttocks can be straight line, curve or polygon.

Description of reference numerals is as follows:

1 burner hearth, 2 furnace shells, 3 furnace walls composite constructions such as () refractory brick, 4 electrode 5 bells, 6 furnace bottom carbon bricks and composite construction 7 burner hearth central axis 8 plug for outlet 9 crucible circles contain the radius 10 burner hearth radiuses 11

furnace shell radiuses

21,22,23 of reserving the protection size; 24; 25,26,28; 29; 30,32,33; 34; 35,36,37; 38; 41,42,43; 44; 45,46,47; protruding arc 62 horizontal sections of position of intersecting point 61 horizontal sections of the various line segments of furnace wall inner face in 48 horizontal cross-sections to the stove heart recessed in arc 81 vertical sections of the stove heart parallel and burner hearth central shaft or not parallel and burner hearth central shaft furnace wall inner face straight line, the burner hearth inner face hyperbola of 83 vertical sections or protruding isoeffect curve or multistage line in stove

The specific embodiment:

1, the construction of furnace shell is similar to tradition, the structure difference of furnace shell roll bending only, and energy-saving fixed series ore heating furnace and furnace of calcium carbide bell can adopt round or design and produce separately according to furnace shell horizontal properties shape.

2, burner hearth is built by laying bricks or stones and can be adopted traditional refractory brick masonry way, only brick type structure and size are with traditional different, the concrete furnace shell that approaches mode (or reforming mode) according to desired design and employing is different and different with the mode of approaching of expection burner hearth internal structure, carrying out the refractory brick desired design carries out the refractory brick size with different protecting wall structures and decomposes thick design, make then and fire, build by laying bricks or stones, the size of concrete is olation and special shaped brick will guarantee that the burner hearth masonry construction is heated and the science of deformation, builds sturdy and durable getting final product by laying bricks or stones.

3, building by laying bricks or stones also that burner hearth is whole can be adopted prefabricated mould, as making concrete member, and the back form removal of dry back, integral body is fired burner hearth internally or in conjunction with the outside variety of way that adopts then, or automatic sintering forms when feeding intake operation.

4, the furnace bottom carbon brick firing and build by laying bricks or stones to the tradition similar, only brick shape physical dimension is different with shape, also can adopt the building method of traditional circular furnace bottom, only builds the burner hearth firebrick structure of patent characteristic after masonry of well is finished by laying bricks or stones.

5, plug for outlet is the same with traditional spherical hearth, can be positioned at the place, furnace wall of height at the bottom of the electrode lower furnace, or other furnace wall thin location.

6, many crucibles of the disjoint independence of many crucibles annulus cylindrical cavity is formed burner hearth, its embodiment is similar to the above, the independent design arrangement of bell and tremie pipe and furnace gas system only, plug for outlet are according to characteristics such as the outside furnace shell structure that is adopted and the tracks of coming out of the stove, and 1-3 plug for outlet adopted in every chamber.

7, electrode, hydraulic system, the environmental protection dedusting, the material loading cloth, the raw material stoving fragmentation, the design of control and furnace transformer can be adopted traditional approach automatically, and transformer and short net electric parameter value can be different.

8, that is adopted in the design uses geometric parameter, mainly be meant the value of electrode diameter multiple and the parameter value of relevant design formula, comprise, electrode diameter, the big or small value of concentric circles and crucible diameter, hyperbola curvature and top and the bottom openings of sizes relation, suitable for reading and the burner hearth bottom magnitude relationship of burner hearth, comprise that burner hearth is up big and down small, or the choice of up-small and down-big relative value, the side slope angle or the curve radian of furnace wall, will be according to the kind of different matallurgical products, purity, the time that different matallurgical products need, different conventional unit consumption electricity levels of smelting, different smelting slag making amounts, and different raw materials for metallurgy are gone into the temperature of stove, raw material thermal conductivity difference, electrode characteristics, design supply load, smelt the kind furnace temperature, approach many material elements decisions such as mode with curve and calculate, adopt situation and power factor condition with other low-voltage compensation equipment simultaneously, short net complex art uses, and furnace transformer designing technique parameter and outer net characteristics of power supply are coordinated to take all factors into consideration definite.

9, low-voltage compensation equipment adopts situation and power factor to reach desirable index.

10, lacking the polytechnic use of net must lack net and send electric high and low pressure loop not stay the short slab defective without prejudice to science.

11, furnace transformer designing technique parameter and outer net characteristics of power supply coordinate to take all factors into consideration design.

12, adopt other pulse interval feed patented technology and science digitlization quantization operation pattern.

13, guarantee material quality and raw material quality stability, operation wants corresponding raw material condition to do the science adjustment.

What 14, the hot stove in ore deposit was overall in time patrolling and examining and safeguarding, guarantees each equipment availability and utilization rate, reduces hot stove heating blowing-out time of ore deposit and number of times as far as possible.

Claims

1. energy-saving fixed series ore heating furnace and furnace of calcium carbide is characterized in that:

The burner hearth integral level section of energy-saving fixed series ore heating furnace and furnace of calcium carbide is a plurality of independent crucible cylindrical cavity that adopts do not overlap part or the crucible circle of the different overlapping degree of depth of the crucible circle of electrode not overlap, and adopts the said structure that seals multistage line or polygon and form; The vertical structure section that the burner hearth of energy-saving fixed series ore heating furnace and furnace of calcium carbide and furnace shell are crossed axis can be a column, and adopts straight line, hyperbola, protruding camber line in stove.

2. energy-saving fixed series ore heating furnace according to claim 1 and furnace of calcium carbide, it is characterized in that: the burner hearth horizontal section has the shape of multiple enforcement:

(A) three rings or how annular: the non-intersect part in the outside that the inboard wall of burner hearth place whole section employing crucible circular arc of two adjacent electrode crucible circles between two electrodes intersects forms three ring or how annular ore deposit hot stove burner hearth horizontal section structures, and the crucible circular arc can adopt polygon or sealing multistage line;

(B) fillet triangular or multi-edge column-shaped: what the electrode crucible circle Outboard Sections arc of two vicinities and the tangent section of two crucibles circle formed is the fillet triangular or the polygon prism shape burner hearth of fillet with the crucible circle;

(C) crucible circular portion arc and two crucible tangent lines or the straightway smooth connection that parallels with tangent line form crucible fillet triangular or fillet polygon prism, and alternative this tangent section, the crucible fillet triangular or the polygon prism horizontal section that adopt convex arc or concave arc curve inscribe circumcircle slip two crucible circular arcs to form, the crucible circular arc portion can adopt curve and sealing multistage line, and the partial hearth circular arc can be adopted near the crucible circle of burner hearth part in the electrode outside;

(D) multistage cambered surface step: adopting the many crucibles geometric center or the concentric center of circle is the center, do serial donut to be of a size of radius less than the burner hearth radius, the multilayer step that inboard wall of burner hearth place between two electrodes and each electrode crucible are round-formed, the radial section of step can be radial straight line, can be that curve or multistage line connect realization, the tangent step of step and isocentric circular arc direction promptly runs the partial arc that terrace can be the series circle of stove geometric center, curve or the smooth connection of multistage line, used step number is 1-1000, and electrode can adopt the part arc replacement crucible circular arc herein of spherical hearth near the Outboard Sections of furnace wall.

3. energy-saving fixed series ore heating furnace according to claim 1 and furnace of calcium carbide is characterized in that the axis vertical structure had several shapes:

(A) burner hearth is crossed furnace wall and the furnace shell employing column or the upper coarse and lower fine round platform of axis vertical structure, the cylinder of furnace wall thickness such as formation or Rotary-table shape;

(B) burner hearth adopts hyperbola or multistage line, and furnace shell adopts column, forms the chamber structure of the fire-resistant furnace wall in middle part, furnace wall of burner hearth than bottom refractory-lined ovens wall thickness;

(C) the hot stove vertical section in ore deposit burner hearth is that thick platform shape is not waited in column or top and the bottom, and outside furnace shell is not wait thick platform shape up and down, and the furnace wall gradient is different with the furnace shell gradient longitudinally, constitutes thick thin down structure on the furnace wall;

(D) burner hearth uses hyperbola or protruding circular arc or multistage line in stove, furnace shell adopts hyperbola or protruding circular arc or straight line in stove, the different camber line curvatures with furnace shell of burner hearth or the different straight line gradient form the burner hearth vertical structure of burner hearth middle part heat-insulation layer than bottom insulation bed thickness.

4. energy-saving fixed series ore heating furnace according to claim 1 and furnace of calcium carbide, it is characterized in that, a kind of structure of this hot stove in ore deposit is that the hot stove in whole ore deposit is made up of many crucibles of the disjoint independence of many crucibles annulus cylindrical cavity burner hearth, with the burner hearth geometric center is symmetric points, every cylindrical cavity has electrode, electrode is positioned at the center, chamber, each crucible cylindrical cavity raw materials for metallurgy does not contact mutually, each chamber furnace bottom is the isoelectric of the public mutual conducting of one or shared monolithic conductive furnace bottom, and the vertical structure of its each single chamber burner hearth and the vertical structure of whole stove adopt the burner hearth and the vertical feature of furnace shell of energy-saving fixed series ore heating furnace.