Background technology
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) equipment is the medical diagnostic apparatus that has grown up since the eighties in last century, obtain to its no wound the image of any tomography in partes corporis humani position, can obtain soft-tissue image clearly, obtain human anatomy information, be current the discovery and diagnosis early-stage cancer and the state-of-the-art clinical diagnostic device of other multiple diseases, all come into one's own at international medical community and technos.
Two fields are arranged in the NMR system usually, and one is the main field B0 that is produced by superconducting magnet, and one is the radio-frequency field B1 that is produced by radio-frequency coil.The radio-frequency coil that produces radio-frequency field is very important parts in the NMR system, also is than being easier to affected parts simultaneously.
Radio-frequency coil also is antenna, has the function that signal is transmitted into the space and aerial signal is received.The main performance of radio-frequency coil is exactly an inductance performance, the phenomenon that has inductive coupling between each radio-frequency coil, near the flux change of radio-frequency coil can both influencing when reaching mutual flux change, when they are close, will influence each other, cause radio-frequency coil to depart from original tuning-points, can not receive the resonance signal that expectation receives.
In nuclear magnetic resonance imaging system, take place, just need a kind of circuit that can make radio-frequency coil be in the off resonance state in the reception stage for fear of above-mentioned phenomenon.So-called detuned circuit, make exactly coil frequency can off-resonance the circuit of frequency, when coil frequency just can not influence each other with other coils couplings during away from tuning-points.
Summary of the invention
The utility model purpose is: a kind of detuned circuit that is used for the NMR system radio-frequency sending coil is provided, make radio-frequency sending coil unaffected in the launching phase performance, depart from self resonance frequency in the reception stage, be in the off resonance state, avoid the coupling phenomenon between the coil.
The technical solution of the utility model is: a kind of detuned circuit that is used for the NMR system radio-frequency sending coil, described radio-frequency sending coil is a birdcage, it has first end ring, second end ring and some masts, described mast is evenly distributed on first end ring and second end ring, end ring section between two masts is interrupted with end ring electric capacity to be connected, end ring section on each end ring is identical with the quantity of mast with the quantity of end ring electric capacity, and described detuned circuit is in parallel with the end ring electric capacity on first end ring and/or second end ring; Each detuned circuit comprises current limliting unit, the high voltage bearing chokes of resistance high frequency unit, off resonance electric capacity and high voltage bearing PIN diode, and described detuned circuit is enabled or forbidden by pulse control module control; Detuned circuit is enabled when the PIN diode conducting, and the resonance frequency of off resonance electric capacity change in parallel with end ring electric capacity transmitting coil makes transmitting coil be in the off resonance state.
The further technical scheme of the utility model is: a kind of detuned circuit that is used for the NMR system radio-frequency sending coil, described radio-frequency sending coil is a birdcage, it has first end ring, second end ring and some masts, described mast is evenly distributed on first end ring and second end ring, end ring section between two masts is interrupted with end ring electric capacity to be connected, end ring section on each end ring is identical with the quantity of mast with the quantity of end ring electric capacity, and described detuned circuit is in parallel with the end ring electric capacity on first end ring and/or second end ring; Each detuned circuit comprises current limliting unit, the high voltage bearing chokes of resistance high frequency unit, off resonance electric capacity and high voltage bearing PIN diode, and described detuned circuit is enabled or forbidden by pulse control module control; Detuned circuit is enabled when the PIN diode conducting, and the resonance frequency of off resonance electric capacity change in parallel with end ring electric capacity transmitting coil makes transmitting coil be in the off resonance state; The first input end of described detuned circuit links to each other with the off resonance power driving circuit, second input end grounding, and described off resonance power driving circuit is controlled by pulse control module; In the described detuned circuit, the current limliting unit is a current-limiting resistance, the chokes unit comprises first choke induction and second choke induction, described current-limiting resistance is connected between the input end of the first input end and first choke induction, the input end of described second choke induction links to each other with second input end, the output terminal of described PIN diode and first choke induction and the output terminal of second choke induction are in parallel, are connected in parallel on end ring electric capacity two ends after PIN diode and the off resonance capacitances in series; Described detuned circuit is identical with the quantity of mast, detuned circuit is respectively equally spaced to be in parallel with end ring electric capacity on first end ring and second end ring, and the end ring electric capacity of the end ring electric capacity of first end ring between two masts and second end ring is not in parallel with detuned circuit simultaneously; The quantity of described detuned circuit is at least half of mast quantity, is at most the twice of mast quantity; Described detuned circuit can be all in parallel with the end ring electric capacity on first end ring, also can be all in parallel with the end ring electric capacity on second end ring, and can also be alternately in parallel with end ring electric capacity and the end ring electric capacity on second end ring on first end ring; Described PIN diode is Low ESR when pulse control module sends control signal, detuned circuit starts, and off resonance electric capacity inserts transmitting coil, and transmitting coil is in the off resonance state; When not sending control signal, pulse control module is high impedance, the detuned circuit forbidding, and off resonance electric capacity does not insert transmitting coil, and transmitting coil is in resonant condition; The capacitance of described off resonance electric capacity is more than the several times of capacitance of end ring electric capacity; Described first choke induction is to be in series by two identical inductance of inductance value with second choke induction, and described inductance is high impedance to radiofrequency signal, and direct current signal is Low ESR; The electric current of detuned circuit when described current-limiting resistance is used for limiting the PIN diode conducting.
The utility model has the advantages that:
Detuned circuit in the utility model is connected in parallel on off resonance electric capacity on the end ring electric capacity of transmitting coil with PIN diode as electronic switch, oppositely end in the launching phase PIN diode, make the power minimum of missing, can not influence the performance of radio-frequency sending coil, receiving stage PIN diode forward conduction, off resonance electric capacity has changed the resonant capacitance value of transmitting coil, make the resonance frequency of radio-frequency sending coil depart from original resonance frequency, be in the state of off resonance, avoided the coupled interference phenomenon between the coil.
Embodiment
Embodiment: a kind of radio-frequency sending coil that is used for NMR system, as shown in Figure 2, described radio-frequency sending coil is the high-pass type birdcage, it has first end ring 201, second end ring 202 and eight masts 203, being centered close on the central shaft 200 of described first end ring 201 and second end ring 202, described mast 203 is evenly distributed on first end ring 201 and second end ring 202, it is that 16 end ring electric capacity of eight sections end ring Duan Bingyong 204 connect that end ring between two masts 203 is interrupted, and described mast 203 is parallel to central shaft 200.The inductance value size of the capacitance of end ring electric capacity 204 size and mast 203 be complementary make transmitting coil be tuned on the tuning-points.The physical property of this radio-frequency sending coil is stable during high gradient pulse emission, has detuned circuit 210 simultaneously, and described detuned circuit 210 guarantees to eliminate in the reception stage coupled interference of radio-frequency coil and its other coils of periphery.
Above-mentioned transmitting coil is to use on the superconducting magnetic resonance imaging device of about 1.5T magnetic field intensity (frequency is 63.51MHz), and similarly structure also can be used on 0.5T magnetic field intensity (frequency is 21.3MHz) the superconducting magnetic resonance equipment.According to preferred version, mast 203 is parallel to central shaft 200, perhaps is basically parallel to central shaft 200 at least.The minimum number of mast 203 is four, is generally 16 or 32, also can adopt other quantity, as six, eight, 12,24.
Be used to make the detuned circuit of radio-frequency sending coil in the active off resonance of reception stage, as shown in Figure 2, the quantity of described detuned circuit 210 and mast 203 is identical also to be eight, wherein four detuned circuits 210 are connected with one group of mutual non-conterminous electric capacity 204 on first end ring 201, another is organized mutual non-conterminous electric capacity 204 and is connected on other four detuned circuits 210 and second end ring 202, and the end ring electric capacity 204 of first end ring 201 between two masts 203 and the end ring electric capacity 204 of second end ring 202 are not in parallel with detuned circuit 210 simultaneously.
Remove the detuned circuit connected mode of mentioning in the foregoing description, described detuned circuit 210 can also be all in parallel with the end ring electric capacity 204 on first end ring 201, also can be all in parallel with the end ring electric capacity 204 on second end ring 202, perhaps adopt alternate manner and end ring electric capacity 204 to be in parallel; In addition, the quantity of described detuned circuit 210 is at least half of mast 203 quantity, is at most the twice of mast 203 quantity, i.e. detuned circuit 210 all in parallel on each end ring electric capacity 204.
As shown in Figure 1, each detuned circuit 210 comprises current limliting unit, the high voltage bearing chokes of resistance high frequency unit, off resonance electric capacity 216 and high voltage bearing PIN diode 217.Wherein, described current limliting unit is a current-limiting resistance 213, the electric current of detuned circuit 210 when it is used for limiting PIN diode 217 conductings; Described chokes unit comprises first choke induction 214 and second choke induction 215, first choke induction 214 is to be in series by two identical inductance of inductance value with second choke induction 215, described inductance is high impedance to radiofrequency signal and stops that radiofrequency signal is counter to flow in the direct supply, the protection direct supply is Low ESR to direct current signal; The capacitance of described off resonance electric capacity 216 is more than the several times of capacitance of end ring electric capacity 204; Present Low ESR during described PIN diode 217 forward conductions, when oppositely ending the RF signal in the radio-frequency coil is high impedance and makes the leakage current minimum, described PIN diode 217 is encapsulated in the glass of a low radiation to reduce its leakage current, PIN diode 217 has very high reverse cut-off voltage, as greater than 1000V, the high voltage that produces when guaranteeing to bear transmitting coil resonance.
Figure 1 shows that the schematic diagram of detuned circuit 210.In detuned circuit 210, the first input end 211 of detuned circuit 210 links to each other with off resonance power driving circuit 220, second input end, 212 ground connection, and described off resonance power driving circuit 220 provides control signal by pulse control module 108 controls.Described current-limiting resistance 213 is connected between the input end of the first input end 211 and first choke induction 214, the input end of described second choke induction 215 links to each other with second input end 212, the output terminal of described PIN diode 217 and first choke induction 214 and the output terminal of second choke induction 215 are in parallel, PIN diode 217 be connected in parallel on end ring electric capacity 204 two ends after off resonance electric capacity 216 is connected.
When pulse control module 108 sends control signal, described PIN diode 217 is the Low ESR conducting, and detuned circuit 210 starts off resonance electric capacity 216 and end ring electric capacity 204 access transmitting coils in parallel, change the resonance frequency of transmitting coil, transmitting coil is in the off resonance state; When pulse control module 108 did not send control signal, described PIN diode 217 was high impedance and ends, detuned circuit 210 forbiddings, and off resonance electric capacity 216 does not insert transmitting coil, can not produce negative influence to transmitting coil, and transmitting coil is in resonant condition.
Except that PIN diode 217, other elements are standard components in the detuned circuit 210.The inductance value of first choke induction 214 and second choke induction 215 is 4.7uH, the capacitance of off resonance electric capacity 216 is 330pF, the forward conduction electric current of current-limiting resistance 213 restricted passage PIN diode 217 about about 1A, guarantees that PIN diode 217 is in low impedance state when forward conduction greatly.
From the above mentioned, be used to produce the radio-frequency coil of radio-frequency field in the NMR system, connect two end ring by vertical mast 203, and added the detuned circuit 210 that does not reduce anchor line (string) circle performance.Vertically mast 203 is equivalent to inductance, its link node on two end ring is loop distribution equally spaced, end ring between node is interrupted with end ring electric capacity 204 to be connected, vertically the inductance of mast 203 and this group end ring electric capacity 204 together with radio-frequency coil be tuned on the resonance frequency.Detuned circuit 210 be connected in parallel on the end ring the electric capacity two ends and by an exercisable responsive control signal control, thereby make the radio-frequency coil off resonance with the off resonance electric capacity 216 that the parallel connection of a low-impedance path short circuit automatically is provided.
When radio-frequency sending coil is operated in resonance frequency, pulse control module 108 control off resonance power driving circuits 220 produce the DC voltage of a 500V on the first input end 211 of detuned circuit 210, all PIN diode 217 are oppositely ended, have only small amount of current to flow through.When the radio-frequency sending coil off resonance, pulse control module 108 control off resonance power driving circuits 220 provide a negative polarity DC voltage (as-15V) on first input end 211, PIN diode 217 forward conductions, a large amount of electric currents pass through.Off resonance power driving circuit 220 restricted circulation electric currents are 8A, thereby every road detuned circuit approximately flows through 1A left and right sides electric current.High many of the impedance of the value of the current-limiting resistance 213 before each road detuned circuit 210 during than PIN diode 217 forward conductions, therefore between the resistance of the subtle change when the input resistance of off resonance power driving circuit 220 and PIN diode 217 forward conductions, this resistance plays a leading role.The T/R gating pulse that pulse control module 108 produces is used for controlling the two states that switches off resonance power driving circuit 220.
Detuned circuit 210 in the utility model and birdcage transmit coil are installed on the same substrate simply.Each element of birdcage transmit coil is installed on the substrate of the tubulose that glass fibre makes.The end ring of transmitting coil and mast 203 are that Copper Foil constitutes and are combined closely on substrate.Coil end ring electric capacity 204 directly is welded on the Copper Foil and each detuned circuit 210 is mounted substrate upper edge side and is connecting coil end ring electric capacity 204.Thermal value when PIN diode 217 conductings on the current-limiting resistance 213 is very big, therefore the current-limiting resistance 213 that is installed in the detuned circuit 210 on the same end ring is installed on the good special circuit plate that dispels the heat, the heat that they are produced is shifted well, guarantee the operate as normal of circuit, also make it produce heat and can not have influence on its peripheral electronic component.
Except for each detuned circuit 210 provides physical support, on tubular substrate, have window and change circuit component with the convenient for maintaining personnel.Circuit component is towards the magnetic resonance system open center and allow dismounting.
Figure 3 shows that the radio-frequency sending coil that has detuned circuit 210 is used for the system schematic of NMR system.The control section of system is born by a station server computer 107, and it comprises main frame 106, display 105, recording optical driver 104 and interface 102.The user imports 100 and sets up man-machine conversation by interface 102 and main frame 107, by the interface of display 105 display operations.Computer and accessory 101 is some additional devices, as mouse, keyboard and outside movable storage device, non-productive operation personnel input instruction and main control system.Host interface 102 is connected by bus 103 with pulse control module 108, sets up the dialogue of software and hardware.The digital signal that pulse control module 108 sends main frame by the conversion of DAC module 109 is converted to simulating signal and is divided into two-way, and one tunnel process rf modulations module 110 passes to radio frequency amplifier 114, and control module 111 is passed on another road.After amplifying, the road signal of sending out device 114 big to radio frequency delivers to the radio-frequency coil 118A in the scanning room 116.Pass to X, Y and Z three road gradient amplifiers 113 amplify through eddy current compensation module 112 for a road of control module 111, amplifying signal offers gradient coil 117 and produces the magnetic field gradient of crossing over main fields then.The radio-frequency coil 118A magnetic resonance signal that the excitation imaging object produces under the main field B0 that superconducting magnet 115 produces is received coil 118B and receives, be amplified in the quadrature demodulator 121 by prime amplifier 119, by ADC module 123 back analog signal conversion is digital signal, transfers back to again in the main frame 106 to be presented on the display 105 after image reconstruction module 124.Frequency synthesizer 120 provides carrier signal for rf modulations module 110 and quadrature demodulator 121 with the frequency that frequency generator 122 sends as the reference frequency.
Detuned circuit in the utility model is connected in parallel on off resonance electric capacity 210 on the end ring electric capacity 204 of transmitting coil with PIN diode 217 as electronic switch, oppositely end in launching phase PIN diode 217, make the power minimum of missing, can not influence the performance of radio-frequency sending coil, receiving stage PIN diode 217 forward conductions, off resonance electric capacity 216 has changed the resonant capacitance value of transmitting coil, make the resonance frequency of radio-frequency sending coil depart from original resonance frequency, be in the state of off resonance, avoided the coupled interference phenomenon between the coil.
Below only be concrete exemplary applications of the present utility model, protection domain of the present utility model is not constituted any limitation.In addition to the implementation, the utility model can also have other embodiment.All employings are equal to the technical scheme of replacement or equivalent transformation formation, all drop within the utility model scope required for protection.