CN201657632U - Combine harvester grain clearing loss intelligent online detection device - Google Patents
Combine harvester grain clearing loss intelligent online detection device Download PDFInfo
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- CN201657632U CN201657632U CN2009202848560U CN200920284856U CN201657632U CN 201657632 U CN201657632 U CN 201657632U CN 2009202848560 U CN2009202848560 U CN 2009202848560U CN 200920284856 U CN200920284856 U CN 200920284856U CN 201657632 U CN201657632 U CN 201657632U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a combine harvester grain clearing loss intelligent online detection device in agricultural machinery. The output of an array type piezoelectric sensor is connected with a charge amplifier, and the output of the charge amplifier is serially connected with a gain controlled circuit, a high-pass filter circuit, a sensitivity regulating circuit, a pulse shaping circuit, a one chip microprocessor and a communication interface circuit in turn. A sensor flat-type sensitive element of the array type piezoelectric sensor forms an angle of 40 to 60 degrees with the horizontal position, and two ends of the element are adjustably and fixedly connected to a fixing bracket on the rear part of a clearing screen of the combine harvester; and a piezoelectric detection array is applied to the back of the sensor flat-type sensitive element and is sealed. The utility model detects the grain clearing loss by using multi-thin plate piezoelectric detection array full-width distribution, absorbs information from multiple regions and multiple angles, enhances the grain impact signals, and improves the straw identification precision and reliability, and has the advantages of good integral dynamic performance, strong anti-interference ability, and implementation on clearing loss field online measurement.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to the combine in the agricultural machinery, particularly the grain cleaning loss of combine is carried out the device of Intelligent Measurement.
Background technology
In the performance test of combined harvester, the grain cleaning percent of loss is an important indicator, and it directly affects the production efficiency and the operation quality of grain header.In the grain harvest operation, when stem stalk moisture content was low, a large amount of broken stem stalk that produces in the threshing course can cause cleaning load to strengthen, and cleaned quality and descended, and cleaning loss percentage has greatly reduced operation quality up to about 4%.For a long time, artificial counting and artificial counting loss rate are adopted in the detection of this index always, and its defective is: inefficiency, error is big, can not instruct the unit harvest operation in real time.
Because grain is considerably less with respect to stem stalk and grass in the sorting screen ejecta, very faint with the detected grain loss signal of sensor, almost be submerged in combine and the sorting screen strong vibration noise, the interference of stem stalk and careless signal in addition makes the identification of grain signal and extraction become extremely difficult.In addition, after the millet straw mixture is discharged from sorting screen, strike continuously on the sensor sensing element that is installed on the sieve rear portion, traditional structure is an affixed single piezoelectric substrate on surface plate, imperfect and the inaccuracy of grain information that this structure obtains, also be subjected to self performance and The noise, the data that collect have bigger uncertainty.
At present, SCM Based cleaning loss automatic monitoring system is when reality is used, and complete machine function, quantizating index and reliability are all not high.Array piezo-electric crystal grain cleaning loss sensor does not have specific embodiment, and can't solve array structure sensitivity consistency problem only for theoretical research.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this utility model is at above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, provides that a kind of real-time is good, accuracy rate is high and the combine grain cleaning of good reliability loss intelligent online checkout gear.
The technical solution adopted in the utility model is: the output of array piezoeletric quartz sensor connects charge amplifier, and the output of charge amplifier is connected in series gain conditioned circuit, high-pass filtering circuit, sensitivity adjusting circuit, pulse shaper, onechipmicroprocessor and communication interface circuit successively; The other sensitivity voltage that connects of the output of sensitivity adjusting circuit shows charactron, and onechipmicroprocessor connects keyboard, warning circuit and the main charactron that shows; Power circuit connects charge amplifier, onechipmicroprocessor, keyboard, main charactron, sensitivity voltage demonstration charactron and each the described circuit of showing respectively.
The sensor plate formula sensing element of described array piezoeletric quartz sensor becomes with horizontal level on the fixed support at the adjustable sorting screen rear portion that is fixedly connected on combine in 40 °～60 ° and its two ends, and the piezoelectric effect array is applied to the back side of sensor plate formula sensing element and sealed; Be pasted with one deck elastic film in sensor plate formula sensing element front; Shielding transfer wire one end connects the piezo-electric crystal detection array, and the other end connects described charge amplifier.
The beneficial effects of the utility model are: the method for utilizing many thin plates piezoelectric effect array overall with to distribute detects the grain cleaning loss, from multizone multi-angle picked-up information, not only strengthen the grain impact signal, improve the millet straw accuracy of identification, and improved testing reliability.The overall dynamics performance is good, and antijamming capability is strong, and the certainty of measurement height can be realized the on-line measurement of cleaning loss field.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a structure connection diagram of the present utility model.
Fig. 2 is the structure chart of the array piezoeletric quartz sensor 1 among Fig. 1.
Among the figure, 1. array piezoeletric quartz sensor; 2. charge amplifier; 3. gain conditioned circuit; 4. high-pass filtering circuit; 5. sensitivity adjusting circuit; 6. pulse shaper; 7. onechipmicroprocessor; 8. keyboard; 9. warning circuit; 10. the main charactron that shows; 11. communication interface circuit; 12. sensitivity voltage shows charactron; 13. power circuit; 14. piezo-electric crystal detection array; 15. sensor plate formula sensing element; 16. fixed support; 17. shielded cable.
Embodiment
Checkout gear as shown in Figure 1, the output of array piezoeletric quartz sensor 1 connects charge amplifier 2, and the output of charge amplifier 2 is connected in series gain conditioned circuit 3, high-pass filtering circuit 4, sensitivity adjusting circuit 5, pulse shaper 6, onechipmicroprocessor 7 and communication interface circuit 11 successively.Wherein, the other sensitivity voltage that connects of the output of sensitivity adjusting circuit 5 shows charactron 12, and the output of onechipmicroprocessor 7 also connects warning circuit 9 and the main charactron 10 that shows.The output of keyboard 8 connects onechipmicroprocessor 7.Power circuit 13 connects each above-mentioned circuit respectively and for each circuit provides power supply, power circuit 13 also connects charge amplifier 2, onechipmicroprocessor 7, keyboard 8, main demonstration charactron 10 and sensitivity voltage respectively and shows charactron 12 and provide power supply for it.Power circuit 13 adopts the DC12V of combining ship battery output as its voltage input, adopts mu balanced circuit to obtain supply voltage grade DC ± 12V, the DC5V of system stability.
With reference to Fig. 2, the structure of array piezoeletric quartz sensor 1 comprises piezo-electric crystal detection array 14, sensor plate formula sensing element 15, fixed support 16 and shielded cable 17.Sensor plate formula sensing element 15 is arranged to become with horizontal level 40 °～60 ° angles and is fixed on the fixed support 16 at the sorting screen rear portion that is positioned at combine, distributes with width and detects.Piezoelectric effect array 14 is applied to the back side of sensor plate formula sensing element 15 and sealed.At sensor plate formula sensing element 15 positive one deck elastic films of pasting, when the flat sensing element of grain impact microphone 15 surfaces, elastic film can reduce cereal at the sensor plate formula sensing element 15 inner bending waves that produce.
Piezo-electric crystal detection array 14 is to be spaced by several discoid piezoceramics crystals to form.Sensor plate formula sensing element 15 is distributed in together by position, left, center, right full duration direction.Fixed support adopts four jiaos of reinforcing modes to be fixed on the two ends of sensor plate formula sensing element 15, fixed support 16 about sensor plate formula sensing element 15, front and back position is adjustable structure.For piezoceramics crystal is fully contacted with sensor plate formula sensing element 15 planes, shielding transfer wire 17 adopts single face lead-in wire mode to be connected with piezo-electric crystal detection array 14, shielding transfer wire 17 1 ends connect piezo-electric crystal detection array 14, and the other end connects charge amplifier 2.
What onechipmicroprocessor 7 was selected for use is the 80C52 single-chip microcomputer, gathers three road grain cleanings loss signal by data port.Keyboard 8 comprises that three keys of " resetting ", " beginning ", " storage " form, and the key that wherein " resets " is used for initialize routine and carry out System self-test; " beginning " key is used for starting the execution of cleaning loss monitoring facilities, real-time sampling cleaning loss grain signal, and grain weight is once lost in calculating every 1 second, and refreshes demonstration; " storage " key is used for inquiring about the total number of grain loss in the current working time period.Communication interface circuit 11 adopts the MAX232 electrical level transferring chip to constitute serial RS232 communication mode.Grain cleaning loss monitoring system software is utilized the C language development.
In the results process of combine field, array piezoeletric quartz sensor 1 is installed on the sorting screen exit, overall with distributes, obtain sorting screen ejecta impact signal from the multizone multi-angle, handle through charge amplifier 2, gain conditioned circuit 3, high-pass filtering circuit 4, sensitivity adjusting circuit 5 and pulse shaper 6, cleaning loss grain signal is extracted from the interference of impact signal such as broken grass, stalk, clever shell and unit strong vibration signal.For the results Different Crop, can change sensitivity adjusting circuit 5 reference voltage adjusting knobs, thereby adjust three channel sensitivity voltages, and show demonstration on the charactron 12 at sensitivity voltage.Onechipmicroprocessor 7 provides two kinds of mode of operations: " on-line monitoring " and " data query ", select to switch by keyboard 8.Under " on-line monitoring " pattern, chip microprocessor 7 is gathered grain cleaning loss signal by data port, monitoring programme is counted, is handled the grain signal that collects, and be presented at main the demonstration on the charactron 10 during with fructufy, finish the cleaning loss on-line monitoring, if the grain loss amount exceeds the limiting value of setting, warning circuit 9 is given an order, and the indication tractor driver takes corresponding measure.As the intelligent terminal of monitoring system,, accept the telemanagement of host computer by transfer of data real-time between communication interface circuit 11 and the host computer.Under " data query " mode, onechipmicroprocessor 7 accesses total number of current working time period internal loss grain, is used to estimate this harvest operation quality condition.
Combine grain cleaning loss detection method specifically may further comprise the steps:
1, adopt three sensor plate formula sensing elements 15 to be distributed in the sorting screen mouthful place that puts out cereal by position, left, center, right overall with.Sensor plate formula sensing element 15 has the best structural parameters of differentiating the millet straw impulsive force, and energy measurement goes out grain bump highest frequency.Many thin-slab structures can improve 15 pairs of grain impact signals of sensor plate formula sensing element resolution; The overall with distribution form can obtain cleaning loss grain signal to greatest extent.Sensor plate formula sensing element 15 becomes 40 °～60 ° angles to install with horizontal plane, avoid ejecta to impact sensor plate formula sensing element 15 surfaces the secondary collision phenomenon takes place, also prevent from simultaneously to be deposited in the sensitivity that its back, surface reduces sensor plate formula sensing element 15 behind the flat sensing elements 15 of thing impact microphone such as clever shell, short stem.
During design sensor plate formula sensing element 15, utilize Theory of Elastic Thin Plate to set up grain loss sensing element kinetic model earlier, adopt this kinetic model again, according to grain whereabouts rule, calculate the parameter that energy measurement goes out the sensor plate formula sensing element 15 of grain bump highest frequency, the parameter that draws is: long 300mm, wide 200mm, thickness 1.5mm.
2, piezo-electric crystal detection array 14 is arranged on sensor plate formula sensing element 15 back sides, when the millet straw mixture struck sensor plate formula sensing element 15 surperficial diverse locations at random, piezo-electric crystal detection array 14 was from multizone multi-angle picked-up information.Because the particularity of piezo-electric crystal detection array 14 structures not only can strengthen the grain impact signal, improve the millet straw accuracy of identification, and guarantee that the impact to the millet straw mixture has close sensitivity in sensor plate formula sensing element 15 gamuts.
The specific design method of piezo-electric crystal detection array 14 structures is as follows:
1) utilize grain sensing model, simultaneous piezo-electric crystal electricity equation is derived grain loss signal measurement model
Wherein: U
oBe the open-circuit voltage of piezo-electric crystal, C is the feedback capacity of preposition charge amplifier, d
31Be piezoelectric constant, C
11Be piezo-electric crystal elastic constant, S
1Be piezo-electric crystal deformation size, S
pBe the pole plate area of piezo-electric crystal, a is a loss factor;
Cleaning loss grain is during with the flat sensing element 15 of certain speed shock transducer, the amplitude of grain signal size is directly proportional with deformation size after piezo-electric crystal is impacted, therefore select the bigger position of sensing element deformation to carry out sensing, just can obtain bigger charge inducing amount, reach and strengthen the grain signal, the purpose of raising detecting reliability.
2) adopt Finite Element to combine flat sensing element 15 kinetic models of millet straw impact microphone are analyzed, determine that its natural frequencies and the corresponding vibration shape distribute with the analysis of experiments method.
3) according to step 2) in the vibration shape distribute, select sensor plate formula sensing element 15 dynamic deformation visibility point layout piezo-electric crystals, make up detection array structure blank, reach and strengthen the grain signal, raising millet straw resolution purpose.
4) utilize ANSYS software to set up flat sensing element 15 limit element artificial module of grain shock transducer, according to sensor plate formula sensing element 15 distortion cloud atlas and deformational displacement numerical solutions, aligning step 1) the array structure blank in, optimize array structure, guarantee that detection array under the prerequisite that strengthens the grain impact signal, makes sensor plate formula sensing element 15 sensitivity profile in gamut be tending towards even.
3, the signal of array piezoeletric quartz sensor 1 output is sent into processing in charge amplifier 2, the gain conditioned circuit 3, converted to voltage signal with certain amplitude; Utilization high-pass filtering circuit 4, sensitivity adjusting circuit 4 separate unit vibration noise and grain signals respectively from frequency domain and time domain.It is eight rank that high-pass filtering circuit 4 determines to satisfy the minimum exponent number of filtering performance according to grain signal excess bandwidth degree and stopband attenuation amount, excessively the band rate of rise extracts cleaning loss grain signal comparatively fast, largely from the unit strong noise background, with the voltage controlled voltage source topological structure is elementary cell, adopts cascade system.
4, make it to be shaped as the calibration pulse signal that onechipmicroprocessor 7 can be carried out with isolating vibration noise and cleaning loss grain signal in the step 3 by pulse shaper 6.In order to keep grain signals, the selection of the pulse pulsewidth of pulse shaper 6 is very important, if select widely, time delay is long, can cause the leakage meter of grain signal; If select narrowly, time delay is short, can cause grain signal repeat count.Gather 80 groups of grain loss signals in the watering and separation procedure, the utilization mathematical statistics method is analyzed grain signal attenuation temporal regularity, determines that with this pulse width is 5ms～6ms.
5, under " on-line monitoring " pattern, chip microprocessor 7 is gathered grain cleaning loss signal every the regular hour, monitoring programme is counted, is handled the grain signal that collects, and be presented at main the demonstration on the charactron 10 during with fructufy, refresh once every 1s, finish the cleaning loss on-line monitoring, and can and host computer between real-time transmission data, accept the telemanagement of host computer.If the grain loss amount exceeds the limiting value of setting, send alarm command by warning circuit 9, the indication tractor driver takes corresponding measure.Under " data query " mode, onechipmicroprocessor 7 accesses total number of current working time period internal loss grain, is used to estimate this harvest operation quality condition.
Claims (4)
1. a combine grain cleaning loses the intelligent online checkout gear, it is characterized by: the output of array piezoeletric quartz sensor (1) connects charge amplifier (2), and the output of charge amplifier (2) is connected in series gain conditioned circuit (3), high-pass filtering circuit (4), sensitivity adjusting circuit (5), pulse shaper (6), onechipmicroprocessor (7) and communication interface circuit (11) successively; The other sensitivity voltage that connects of the output of sensitivity adjusting circuit (5) shows charactron (12), and onechipmicroprocessor (7) connects keyboard (8), warning circuit (9) and the main charactron (10) that shows; Power circuit (13) connects charge amplifier (2), onechipmicroprocessor (7), keyboard (8), main charactron (10), sensitivity voltage demonstration charactron (12) and each the described circuit of showing respectively.
2. combine grain cleaning loss intelligent online checkout gear as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized by: the sensor plate formula sensing element (15) of described array piezoeletric quartz sensor (1) becomes with horizontal level on the fixed support (16) at the adjustable sorting screen rear portion that is fixedly connected on combine in 40 °～60 ° and its two ends, and piezoelectric effect array (14) is applied to the back side of sensor plate formula sensing element (15) and sealed; Be pasted with one deck elastic film in sensor plate formula sensing element (15) front; Shielding transfer wire (17) one ends connect piezo-electric crystal detection array (14), and the other end connects described charge amplifier (2).
3. combine grain cleaning loss intelligent online checkout gear as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized by: piezo-electric crystal detection array (14) has a plurality of discoid piezoceramics crystals and is spaced; Having three sensor plate formula sensing elements (15) distributes by position, left, center, right same full width orientation.
4. combine grain cleaning loss intelligent online checkout gear as claimed in claim 3 is characterized by: the long 300mm of being of described sensor plate formula sensing element (15), and wide is 200mm, thickness is 1.5mm.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2009202848560U CN201657632U (en) | 2009-12-29 | 2009-12-29 | Combine harvester grain clearing loss intelligent online detection device |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2009202848560U CN201657632U (en) | 2009-12-29 | 2009-12-29 | Combine harvester grain clearing loss intelligent online detection device |
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| CN201657632U true CN201657632U (en) | 2010-12-01 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101743804B (en) * | 2009-12-29 | 2012-03-21 | 江苏大学 | Grain cleaning loss detection method for combined harvester and device thereof |
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2009
- 2009-12-29 CN CN2009202848560U patent/CN201657632U/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101743804B (en) * | 2009-12-29 | 2012-03-21 | 江苏大学 | Grain cleaning loss detection method for combined harvester and device thereof |
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| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| AV01 | Patent right actively abandoned |
Granted publication date: 20101201 Effective date of abandoning: 20091229 |