The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing among the utility model embodiment, the technical scheme among the utility model embodiment is clearly and completely described, obviously, described embodiment only is the utility model part embodiment, rather than whole embodiment.Based on the embodiment in the utility model, those of ordinary skills are not making the every other embodiment that is obtained under the creative work prerequisite, all belong to the scope of the utility model protection.
Embodiment one
As shown in Figure 2, the structural representation of the recovery system of the moisture and the latent heat of vaporization in the brown coal flue gas that provides for the utility model, this system comprises: boiler 203, heater 202, steam turbine 201, air preheater 204, deduster 205 and chimney 206, be connected by water pipe between described heater and boiler and the steam turbine, connect by steam pipeline between described boiler and the steam turbine, described boiler, air preheater, deduster and chimney are connected by flue, and described system also comprises: the latent heat recover;
Described latent heat recover is connected between the inlet of the outlet of described deduster and described chimney by flue, is used to absorb the heat that described deduster is discharged flue gas; Described latent heat recover also is connected between the inlet of the water side outlet of described steam turbine and described heater by water pipe, is used for heating the condensate water that described steam turbine is discharged by the heat that absorbs.
In the present embodiment,, realized recovery, reached the effect of energy-saving and emission-reduction the heat in the flue gas by increasing the latent heat recover in traditional brown coal combustion system.
Embodiment two
As shown in Figure 3, the structural representation of the recovery system of the moisture and the latent heat of vaporization in the brown coal flue gas that provides for the utility model, wherein, condenser 301 is connected in the low-temperature receiver end of steam turbine low pressure (LP) cylinder LP, be used for the steam of steam turbine low pressure (LP) cylinder outlet is condensed into water, vapour volume die-offs in this process, has kept the pressure differential of high steam;
Coagulate pump 302 and be connected with condenser 301, the water pressure that condenser 301 condensations produce is very low, coagulates pump 302 and is used to make it to boost, and makes water can overcome the resistance of latent heat recover 303 and connecting pipe, flows in the oxygen-eliminating device 304.
Latent heat recover 303 is connected between the inlet of the outlet of deduster 314 and hair-dryer 315 by flue, is used to absorb the heat that described deduster 314 is discharged flue gases; Described latent heat recover 303 also is connected between the inlet of described outlet of coagulating pump 302 and oxygen-eliminating device 304 by water pipe, is used for coagulating the condensate water that pump 302 is discharged by the heat heating that absorbs is described.
Oxygen-eliminating device 304, feed pump 305, high-pressure heater 306~308 have been formed the heating system step by step in the native system; At this step by step in the heating system, if than certain one-level heater more high pressure heater draw gas condense into water after, the pressure of its this level of pressure ratio is also high, at this moment in the hydrophobic heater that is pressed onto lower pressure that pressure differential is condensed in will the heater with high pressure, is called gravity flow step by step.
Wherein, oxygen-eliminating device 304 is connected with steam turbine intermediate pressure cylinder IP, latent heat recover 303 and feed pump 305, be used for by the drawing gas of steam turbine intermediate pressure cylinder IP, the feedwater that latent heat recover 303 is sent here, and high-pressure heater 306 is heated to 150~180 ℃ from the water that flow to oxygen-eliminating device 304.Oxygen-eliminating device 304 tops design simultaneously has an osculum, is used for making the minor amounts of oxygen that is dissolved in water together to be discharged in the atmosphere with steam and goes.
Feed pump 305 is used for the oxygen-eliminating device condensate water is boosted to very high pressure, overcome the resistance of the steam-water pipeline that arrives boiler export herein, and for the high vapour pressure of steam turbine inlet provides a basis, promptly heating makes water pressure very high on this basis, just can reach the high vapour pressure of steam turbine inlet.
High-pressure heater 306~308 is connected with steam turbine high pressure cylinder HP respectively, is heated to higher temperature by drawing gas of steam turbine high pressure cylinder HP with the feedwater that feed pump 305 is got.
In boiler, the hot water that high-pressure heater 308 is discharged is through economizer 309, evaporimeter 310 and superheater 311 become steam, are delivered to steam turbine high pressure cylinder HP acting, and the steam discharge of high pressure cylinder HP is delivered to intermediate pressure cylinder IP acting after heating once more through the reheater 312 in the boiler.
Simultaneously, the flue gas that the burning brown coal produce by behind the latent heat recover 303 recovery heats, blows to smoke stack emission through induced-draught fan 315 after air preheater 313, deduster 314 are handled again.
Wherein, as shown in Figure 4, described latent heat recover 303 further comprises: panel-pipe of heating surface 401, be arranged in the flue of described latent heat recover and be connected between the inlet of the water side outlet of the steam turbine in the brown coal combustion system and heater by water pipe, be used for that described deduster is discharged flue gas and cool off, and heat the condensate water that described steam turbine is discharged by the heat that cooled flue gas absorbs so that the steam of flue gas is condensed into water; Heating surface water collector 402 is arranged at described panel-pipe of heating surface below, is used to collect the water that described flue gas cooling back produces.
In the present embodiment,, realized recovery, reached the effect of energy-saving and emission-reduction the heat in the flue gas by increasing the latent heat recover in traditional brown coal combustion system.
Embodiment three
As shown in Figure 5, the sectional structure chart of a kind of latent heat recover that provides for the utility model embodiment, wherein, panel-pipe of heating surface 502 connects on steam turbine condensate line or the heat exchangers for district heating pipeline, and be arranged in the flue 501 of described latent heat recover, being used for that described deduster is discharged flue gas cools off so that the steam of flue gas is condensed into water, thereby absorbed the heat in the flue gas with in the heating panel-pipe of heating surface 502 from the water of steam turbine condensate line or heat exchangers for district heating pipeline, and the temperature that absorbs can be different because of the height of flue-gas temperature; In a preferred version, panel-pipe of heating surface can be designed to the heat pipe form, also can be designed to conventional coiled pipe.Simultaneously, for anticorrosion, the base material of panel-pipe of heating surface is an ordinary carbon steel, and outer wall need plate enamel, and the transverse pitch of pipe is greater than 50mm simultaneously.
Wherein, flue 501 contains sour workspace owing to being operated in, so need inside to add anticorrosion process.
Heating surface water collector 503 is a sagging awl bucket, and the condensation flow on panel-pipe of heating surface 502 surfaces is in this water collector.
Agitator 504 is arranged in the described water collector 503, be used for stirring described water collector water so that the dust in the water do not precipitate; Because when heating surface catchments, also collected the dust in a small amount of flue gas simultaneously.
Wherein, if being used for the latent heat of the flue gas of fuel such as natural gas, reclaims by above-mentioned latent heat recover, because dust seldom, so can cancel agitating device.
Water pump 505 is connected in the delivery port of described heating surface water collector 503 by water pipe, is used for the water of water collector is got to the direction of first control gate 506 and second control gate 507 in the water pipe.
First control gate 506 is opened when the water level in the water collector that is used for measuring according to liquid meter 509 is high, so that water pump 505 is got to a sedimentation basin with water, the water of post precipitation can utilize after treatment, for example is used for the brown coal combustion system.
Second control gate 507 is used to control water collector 503 to the cooling tube purging device 508 needed water yields.
Cooling tube purging device 508 is by forming with the scavenging conduit of some small-bores on the long pipeline, and under the effect of elevated pressures, current can wash the outer surface of described panel-pipe of heating surface 502, prevent grey stick on top.
In the above-described embodiments, after the higher hot cigarette of water content enters heater, be subjected to cooling off surface condensation Cheng Shui, 503 li of the heating surface water collectors below flowing at panel-pipe of heating surface 502.Stirring the maintenance dust through agitator 504 in the heating surface water collector 503 does not precipitate, and be driven in the cooling tube purging device 508 by water pump 505, cooling tube purging device 508 can form thin current at a high speed, the heating surface surface is cleaned, and the cooling of quickening flue gas, the heat in the part of smoke is brought in the water.After the liquid level in the water collector was higher than certain certain value, first control gate 506 was opened, and more recycle-waters had been sent to sedimentation basin and had recycled.
Because the amount of the latent heat of vaporization is very big, the latent heat of vaporization that the water vapour of 1kg evaporates under normal pressure is about 2500kJ/kg, like this, if moisture height in the flue gas, by said apparatus can reclaim moisture in a large amount of low-temperature zone flue gases with the latent heat of vaporization and moisture.With typical China triumph coalfield brown coal is example, if can all reclaim heat and moisture content, the recyclable caloric value that is equivalent to coal itself 10% of then every t coal, 0.34t water, the exhaust gas volumn volume reduces 17% simultaneously, 600MW unit oepration at full load 1 hour will consume such 400t coal, and the heat of recovery just is equivalent to the 40t coal, 130t water, will be to the energy-saving and emission-reduction of China, particularly there is huge meaning the water-deficient area, the Northwest, and this coal Value Data is as shown in table 1:
Project |
Symbol |
Unit |
Check coal |
Total moisture |
Mar |
% |
34.1 |
Air-dried moisture |
Mad |
% |
19.56 |
The As-received ash content |
Aar |
% |
15.58 |
The dry ash free basis fugitive constituent |
Vdaf |
% |
44.37 |
As-received carbon |
Car |
% |
34.83 |
As-received hydrogen |
Har |
% |
2.89 |
As-received oxygen |
Oar |
% |
10.79 |
As-received nitrogen |
Nar |
% |
0.71 |
The full sulphur of As-received |
St.ar |
% |
1.1 |
The As-received low heat valve |
Qnet.ar |
kJ/kg |
12900 |
The As-received high calorific power |
Qnet.gw |
kJ/kg |
14280 |
The latent heat of vaporization that 1kg walks in the ribbing |
Qqr |
kJ/kg |
1380 |
Reclaim heat and be equivalent to the raw coal heat |
Qhs |
% |
11 |
Project |
Symbol |
Unit |
Check coal |
Theoretical dry air amount |
V0 |
Nm3/kg |
3.5264 |
Theoretical dry flue gas amount |
V0y |
Nm3/kg |
3.4457 |
The smoke evacuation excess air coefficient |
αpy |
- |
1.4 |
The dry flue gas amount |
Vgy |
Nm3/kg |
4.8562 |
Water vapour volume in the flue gas |
VH2O |
Nm3/kg |
0.8245 |
Flue gas reduces ratio |
VH2O/Vgy |
% |
17 |
The callable moisture weight of 1kg coal |
GH2O |
kg/kg |
0.34 |
The typical high-moisture brown coal of table 1 parameter
At present general unit thermodynamic system is made up of 8 grades of heaters as shown in Figure 6, heats condenser with drawing gas and comes water, makes the latent heat of vaporization of this part steam can't help condensing with minimizing and takes away, but get back to boiler, thereby play energy-conservation effect, wherein h
1-h
8Be the enthalpy of bleeding, h
W0-h
W8Be feedwater enthalpy, h
S1-h
S4, h
S6-h
S8Be hydrophobic enthalpy.
With certain 600MW supercritical unit is example, and under the rated load, main stripping temperature is 24Pa, main stripping temperature is 566 ℃, and main steam flow amount is 1755t/h, 41 ℃ of condenser temperatures, the saturated vapor enthalpy is 2575kJ/kg under this temperature, and the saturation water enthalpy is 171kJ/kg, and the parameter that each section heater draws gas is as shown in table 2:
|
Inflow temperature ℃ |
Outlet temperature ℃ |
Extraction pressure MPa |
Extraction temperature ℃ |
Enthalpy kJ/kg draws gas |
The amount of drawing gas kg/kg |
Main vapour |
256 |
566 |
24.15469 |
566 |
3394.562 |
1755.46 |
8 sections |
256 |
278 |
5.9631 |
359 |
3072.012118 |
0.05390305 |
7 sections |
219 |
256 |
4.232883 |
317 |
3009.376 |
0.075417 |
6 sections |
190 |
219 |
2.224578 |
476 |
3411.914 |
0.041875 |
5 sections |
145 |
190 |
1.08536 |
374 |
3208.46 |
0.103076 |
4 sections |
104 |
145 |
0.411578 |
289 |
3043.523 |
0.054944 |
3 sections |
85 |
104 |
0.126578 |
201 |
2876.734 |
0.023722 |
|
Inflow temperature ℃ |
Outlet temperature ℃ |
Extraction pressure MPa |
Extraction temperature ℃ |
Enthalpy kJ/kg draws gas |
The amount of drawing gas kg/kg |
2 sections |
65 |
85 |
0.060927 |
87 |
2740 |
0.025 |
1 section |
43 |
65 |
0.019085 |
59 |
2580 |
0.028311 |
Table 2
In order to save the steam that heat regenerative system is used for heated feed water, make it be used for acting, replace these to draw gas with the fume afterheat behind the deduster, and reclaim the moisture in the high-moisture flue gas.With the heating system calculation of parameter that above-mentioned 600MW steam turbine is a sample design, can replace 1~4 section to draw gas, the acting ability that every 1kg increases is the flow weighted averages of acting ability of drawing gas that are heated at different levels, that is:
1~4 section acting ability=∑ amount of drawing gas of drawing gas * (enthalpy-exhaust enthalpy draws gas)
This patent design can get every resulting income of 1kg Steam Recovery heat (merit) and is 37kJ (shown in the table 3) thus.With respect to unit shown in Figure 6, the unit that the utility model embodiment provides is imported under the constant situation of heat (also importing steam turbine 1755t/h steam) at boiler, per hour multiple electric weight is: 37*1755*1000=65MJ, and being equivalent to generator power has increased 65/3.6=18MW, and 3%.
|
Inflow temperature ℃ |
Outlet temperature ℃ |
Extraction pressure MPa |
Extraction temperature ℃ |
Enthalpy kJ/kg draws gas |
The amount of drawing gas kg/kg |
Acting ability kJ/kg |
4 sections |
104 |
145 |
0.411578 |
289 |
3043.523 |
0.054944 |
25.7425 |
3 sections |
85 |
104 |
0.126578 |
201 |
2876.734 |
0.023722 |
7.1577 |
2 sections |
65 |
85 |
0.060927 |
87 |
2740 |
0.025 |
4.125 |
1 section |
43 |
65 |
0.019085 |
59 |
2580 |
0.028311 |
0.1416 |
Amount to |
|
|
|
|
|
0.132 |
37.1668 |
Table 3
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that accompanying drawing is the schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment, unit in the accompanying drawing or flow process might not be that enforcement the utility model is necessary.Above-mentioned the utility model embodiment sequence number is not represented the quality of embodiment just to description.
Above embodiment is the preferred specific embodiment of the utility model, and the common variation that the those skilled in the art carries out in the technical scheme of the utility model embodiment, change or replacement all should be included within the protection domain of the present utility model.