Summary of the invention
The purpose of this utility model just provides a kind of solar linear zooming and unidirectional tracking vacuum tube and utilizes system, the one group of optics of solar energy mirror that adopts a plurality of speculums, Fresnel mirror, level crossing to form, the rotating shaft of each mirror is arranged on a straight line or the non-directional device, each optics of solar energy mirror can rotate around axle, utilize glass-vacuum tube as photothermal converter spare, the solar energy mirror of line focus on vacuum tube, realizes the focused acquisition and the utilization of solar energy with solar focusing.Because vacuum tube is set in the cylinder interval and on ground or building, when solar energy mirror is moved, keep motionless, thereby its focal length be the zoom that changes with following the tracks of, realized application such as solar energy thermal-power-generating that zoom follows the tracks of, heating, refrigeration, hot water, boiling water like this.
The utility model provides its array structure, is suitable for the system of different scales, and the heat generating that also is suitable for large-scale utilization solar energy, particularly solar energy simultaneously utilizes.
Concrete summary of the invention is as follows:
A kind of solar linear zooming and unidirectional tracking vacuum tube utilizes system, comprise at least one solar energy vacuum tube use device, at least one group of optical frames wherein every group of optical frames is made up of at least one solar linear focusing optical mirror, for every group of optical frames provides support the solar energy mirror support, make solar linear focusing optical mirror can follow the tracks of the solar energy tracking device of solar motion, Power Drive Unit, and electronic control system, wherein each solar linear focusing optical mirror is provided with at least one rotating shaft, the rotating shaft of every group of optical frames is arranged on the solar energy mirror support, described solar energy mirror support is connected with described solar energy tracking device, driving solar energy tracking device by Power Drive Unit moves the line focus optical frames, thereby realize the focal line of every group of optical frames is remained in the cylindrical region at vacuum tube place, realize the heat of heat energy is generated electricity by vacuum tube, heating, refrigeration, hot water, boiling water is used.
Can select dissimilar mounting systems as required, the solar energy mirror support can be selected flat sided straight line style or nonlinear device, can be suitable for the use of the solar energy mirror of any form like this, can select the solar energy mirror that is fit to as required.Certainly be preferable over nonlinear support, because adopt non-directional solar energy mirror support can provide more flexible and support easily and movement locus for the motion of every group of optical frames, simultaneously can reduce cost, improve tracking efficient, nonlinear type solar energy mirror support can be selected the device of following at least a shape usually:
A, parabolic type;
B, arc;
C or circular device;
D, polygon support;
E, compound parabolic line style.
Because line focusing system is motionless, any vacuum tube can be utilized system to be arranged in this zone, in the focal range of focal line and solar energy mirror, vacuum tube can be set utilize system, according to requirements such as temperature and spaces, can select any scope that is not more than focal length that vacuum tube is set and utilize system.
Comprise straight-through vacuum pipe, blind pipe vacuum tube in the existing low-temperature solar energy vacuum tube, described vacuum tube comprises straight-through vacuum pipe, blind pipe vacuum tube, also is provided with one of following device in vacuum tube inside:
A, heat pipe, wherein the evaporation ends of heat pipe is provided with the inside of vacuum tube, and condensation end is in the outside of vacuum tube, and the condensation end of heat pipe is provided with heat-exchanger rig, and heat energy is transmitted and changes.
B, interpolation pipe: the interpolation pipe that constitutes an import and an outlet, fluid can flow in pipeline, flows into the interpolation pipe from import, thereby enters into the inner heating that realizes convection cell of vacuum tube, flow out from outlet then, interpolation pipe can be metal or nonmetallic pipe.
Described tracking means comprises by the solar energy mirror support, be used to support the tracking support and the power transmission mechanism of whole system, described solar energy mirror support is arranged on to be followed the tracks of on the support, described power transmission one end is connected with drive unit, at least the other end be arranged in the rotating shaft, on the solar energy mirror support or on the frame of solar energy mirror.
Any power-driven system (6) that passes through drives power transmission mechanism, may be used to solar energy tracking of the present utility model, and one of described power transmission mechanism selection is following: gear mechanism (10), link chain mechanism, turbine and worm mechanism, linkage.
Wherein when the other end of power transmission (10) is arranged in the rotating shaft of solar linear focusing optical mirror, rotating shaft is fixedlyed connected with optical frames, drive gear or the chain or the linkage of transmitting device by Power Drive Unit, rotating shaft is rotated, rotate around rotating shaft thereby drive solar linear focusing optical mirror; When power transmission is arranged on the solar energy mirror support, can drives the solar energy mirror support and move; When the power transmission setting is set directly on the solar linear focusing optical mirror, can directly drives solar linear focusing optical mirror and move.
The focal line of solar linear focusing optical mirror selects one of following manner to place: parallel with earth's axis, parallel with earth's axis angle minimum, parallel to the ground, parallel with horizontal plane is preferably parallel placement with earth's axis.In order to reach optimum uniaxiality tracking, employing be arranged the axis and the earth autobiography axle of line focus in parallel, adopting simultaneously the line focus optical frames is that axle moves with the focal line, replacing solar energy mirror and focal line moves simultaneously, realized tracking that focal line is not moved, make other vacuum tube such as technology in vacuum tube utilize system to be applied to the slot type system like this, thereby solved the deficiency of slot type system and used restriction.
In the tracing process of carrying out to solar energy, the error that may occur following the tracks of, perhaps Bu Fen sunshine is owing to reasons such as scatterings, sunshine is in the zone outside the vacuum tube behind the primary optics of solar energy mirror line focus of process, in order to reduce the loss of this part, adopted secondary focusing, the solar energy mirror of a secondary focusing promptly is set on vacuum tube, with the solar energy of a focused lost through after the secondary focusing solar energy being focused on the vacuum tube, usually can select following at least a kind of secondary focusing optical frames (8), vacuum tube utilize system around, also be provided with the secondary reflection mirror, optical frames that solar linear focuses on and secondary reflection mirror are selected from following at least a:
A, linear composite parabolic speculum;
B, linear Fresnel lens or speculum;
C, linear concave, convex lens;
D, Linear Parabolic face speculum;
E, glass, metal, nonmetallic plane mirror.
The secondary focusing optical frames can be arranged on vacuum tube utilizes in the system, rotate with the solar energy mirror that once focuses on, this sample once can adopt same tracking equipment and driving arrangement to realize secondary focusing to solar energy having improved the efficient that solar energy utilizes with the solar energy mirror of secondary focusing.
Drive power transmission mechanism (10) by power-driven system (6), realize the tracking to solar energy, the power-driven system device that is adopted is selected from one of following:
A, Mechanical Driven device are preferably mechanical clockwork spring, spring, tracking;
B, phase transformation drive unit adopt the material be enclosed in a space, along with the increase of temperature makes the increase of its pressure, promote motion, realize following the tracks of;
Two kinds of tracking of above-mentioned A, B do not need consume electric power, and becoming does not have the electricity driving;
C, utilize electric energy to drive motor or hydraulic means to drive power transmission mechanism (10) and realize following the tracks of;
The signal of D, the sensor by electricity or light by relatively electric current, magnitude of voltage and/or the brightness values of the conversion of solar energy device of different parts, is adjusted the tracking that the motion of motor (6) realizes by computer or single-chip microcomputer;
Two kinds of tracking of above-mentioned C, D need consume electric power, become power consumption and drive.
For the ease of using, this system can be arranged on different zones, both can be arranged on ground, also can be arranged on top of building, usually adopt a plurality of vacuum tubes to utilize system (1) to be set to an array, each array can be arranged on the common platform or be arranged on the zone of ground and/or building.Wherein have at least a plurality of vacuum tubes to utilize system (1) to be set to an array, each array utilizes system to form by many groups solar energy mirror, tracking system, mounting system, vacuum tube, vacuum tube to same row and/or same row utilizes system, a shared power drive device (6).
Have at least a plurality of vacuum tubes to utilize system to be set to an array, each array utilizes system to form by many groups solar energy mirror, tracking system, mounting system, vacuum tube, vacuum tube to same row and/or same row utilizes system, a shared power drive device, each array can be arranged on the common platform or be arranged on the zone of ground and/or building.
Row, row vacuum tube utilize system more than being provided with on each array, and every row on each array or row vacuum tube utilize system to carry out heat exchange by heat pipe.
The scheme that the utility model is selected is to realize the preferred version of the utility model purpose, and any scheme that meets principle of the present utility model and technology, product all are protection domains of the present utility model.
Adopt the technical solution of the utility model can reach following beneficial effect:
1, the utility model utilizes technology to combine technology in vacuum tube and line-focusing solar, has realized the middle high temperature collection and the utilization of solar energy.
2, can realize efficient utilization, expand technology and scope that groove type solar utilizes greatly, strengthen reliability of applying, improve the loading capacity of system heat energy.
3, can utilize system's utilization so that realize the vacuum tube of array, realize the large-scale utilization efficiently of different solar products.
4, can be suitable for the comprehensive utilization of small area and family.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment one: many parabolic reflectors vacuum tube utilizes system
This figure is a side view, solar energy mirror (2) is four parabolic mirrors (2), be provided with the straight-through vacuum pipe in the focal line zone, be provided with heat pipe in vacuum tube inside, vacuum layer at vacuum tube is provided with the solar energy coating, and paraboloidal mirror is arranged on the Parabolic device, and each parabola mirror is provided with an axle, solar energy mirror can be rotated along rotating shaft (5), and four solar energy mirror are by the tracking of different motion realizations to solar energy.Four parabola mirrors adopt same drive system, and transmission mechanism is a gear train, the gear number of teeth difference of different solar energy mirror, thus can adopt different rotating speeds to have the different solar energy mirror of driving to move, realize solar energy tracking and utilization; Also be provided with the secondary reflection mirror in the glass tube outside, the solar energy reflection that the secondary reflection mirror will once focus on is to glass-vacuum tube.
Embodiment two: many glass reflectors vacuum tube utilizes system
As shown in Figure 2, this example adopts two group glass reflectors to realize solar energy tracking, and wherein each group solar energy mirror is 2 glass reflectors, two groups of glass reflector tracking system series connection; Vacuum tube is the glass tube of bilateral, be provided with metallic conduit in glass tube inside, at the heated fluid of metallic conduit internal circulation, the employing conduction oil is a heat-conducting fluid, enter the back from an end of metal tube and discharge, realize various application such as generating, heating, refrigeration heat energy from an other end.Four glass reflectors are fixed on three circular ring type devices, Power Drive Unit is a motor (6), power transmission is the gear mechanism that is arranged on the annulus, motor drives the gear that is arranged on the annulus by gear mechanism, make glass mirror on annulus, forward to, realized tracking and heat utilization solar energy.
Embodiment three, many fresnel reflecting mirrors array tracking vacuum tube utilize system
Shown in figure three, present case is the multiple mirror arrays tracking system, adopt four fresnel reflecting mirrors, Power Drive Unit is a motor, motor drives two gears that are arranged in the focal line rotating shaft by the power transmission device of chain, realizes the solar energy tracking to the 2*2 array, is provided with the adopting heat pipes for heat transfer system in the inside of two vacuum tubes, condensation end at heat pipe is provided with heat exchanger, thereby realizes the utilization of the various heat energy of solar energy.
Four, one group of fresnel reflecting mirror array tracking vacuum tube of embodiment utilizes system
Shown in figure four, one group of solar energy mirror tracking system forming by three Fresnel mirrors, each Fresnel mirror is arranged on the solar energy mirror support of two circles, each Fresnel mirror is provided with two rotating shafts, power section is a motor, by three gear trains of motor-driven, realize driving respectively to each Fresnel, the gear of drive part is arranged in the rotating shaft of Fresnel mirror, vacuum tube is the blind pipe vacuum tube, and portion inserts heat pipe within it, and the evaporation ends of heat pipe is arranged on the inside of glass pipe, its condensation end is arranged on the focal line region exterior, carries out the various comprehensive utilizations that heat exchange realizes heat energy by the heat exchanger that is arranged on the vacuum tube condensation end.
According to principle of the present utility model, can realize other embodiment, as long as but meet condition of the present utility model, all belong to implementation content of the present utility model.