CN201484168U - Integrative wheel assembly with independent driving, steering, hanging and braking - Google Patents
Integrative wheel assembly with independent driving, steering, hanging and braking Download PDFInfo
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- CN201484168U CN201484168U CN2009202247499U CN200920224749U CN201484168U CN 201484168 U CN201484168 U CN 201484168U CN 2009202247499 U CN2009202247499 U CN 2009202247499U CN 200920224749 U CN200920224749 U CN 200920224749U CN 201484168 U CN201484168 U CN 201484168U
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Abstract
The utility model provides an integrative wheel assembly with independent driving, steering, hanging and braking, which comprises a driving device, a hanging device, a steering device and a braking device of wheels, wherein the driving device consists of the wheels and a hub motor, the hanging device consists of an upper cross arm, a constant velocity universal joint, a steering knuckle, a ball head, a lower swing arm and a vibration absorber, the steering device consists of a steering motor, an extensible universal joint, a drive bevel gear, a driven bevel gear and an absolute encoder, and the braking device comprises a braking disc, a floating type braking caliper and a braking hydraulic system. The integrative wheel assembly can realize front-wheel steering, rear-wheel steering or four-wheel independent steering of vehicles as well as zero-radius in situ rotation and translational motion along any direction; and the integrative wheel assembly realizes driving, steering and braking of vehicles by wire as well as independent control on driving, steering and braking of wheels, and can lead vehicles to run under the best mode.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to the wheel set of the robotization miniature electric vehicle of a kind of individual drive-independent steering-independent suspension, belongs to the wheels of mobile robot technical field.
Background technology
In recent years, the research of the high motor-driven mobile platform of the wheeled high speed in ground had had new variation.Military robot vehicle aspect, the wheeled people of having drives with its motion platform of automatic driving vehicle requirement will high as far as possible manoevreability and dynamic property, to satisfy requirement open-air and that fight in narrow and small zone, lane, city.Daimler-Chrysler company has issued a four-wheel individual drive/independent steering (4WID/4WIS, 4Wheels Independent Driving﹠amp in February, 2005; Steering) jeep function sample car.Civilian robotization vehicle aspect, the next generation has the hybrid power of multi-aspect locomitivity and prelude has been drawn back in the research and development of elec. vehicle.
Chinese patent literature CN2710999 discloses a kind of " the two transverse arm independent steering assemblies of universal-shaft drive ", comprise Top Crossbeam, lower cross arm etc., wherein steer motor is connected with an end of A universal-joint by retarder, the A universal-joint other end is connected with an end of B universal-joint by spline shaft, the B universal-joint other end is provided with driving band and active conical gear, the other end of driving band links to each other with the steering angular displacement sensor, the upper end of steering yoke bolt bearing support is connected with an end of Top Crossbeam through hook hinge, and the other end of Top Crossbeam is connected with the fixing strand of rotating; The lower end of steering yoke bolt bearing support is connected with an end of lower cross arm by ball pivot, the lower cross arm other end is connected with the following fixing strand of rotating, the opposite side of steering yoke bolt bearing support is provided with steering yoke bolt, steering yoke bolt is provided with driven bevel gear and wheel hub motor axle, the other end of wheel hub motor axle is provided with brake disc and outer rotor wheel hub motor, and be positioned at inside wheel, initiatively, driven bevel gear is meshed.This device has been realized individual drive, independent steering, but structure is complicated, has increased the difficulty of dynamics calculation, turns to driven wheel of differential to be difficult for sealing fully.
Summary of the invention
The utility model is at the problem of the wheel steering device existence of existing robotization miniature electric vehicle, provide a kind of simple and compact for structure, have the individual drive of individual drive device, independent steering assembly, independent suspension device, independent brake device, the wheel assembly with integration that turns to, hangs and brake.
Individual drive of the present utility model, the wheel assembly with integration that turns to, hang and brake be by the following technical solutions:
This wheel assembly with integration comprises wheel driver, suspension gear, steering hardware and brake equipment:
Actuating device is made up of wheel and wheel hub motor, and the wheel rim of wheel is fixing with the outer rotor of wheel hub motor, and the anchor shaft of wheel hub motor (stator) links to each other with steering swivel in the suspension gear;
Suspension gear is made up of Top Crossbeam, constant-velocity universal joint, steering swivel, bulb, following swing arm and shock absorber, the steering swivel upper end is rigidly connected with the interior cover of constant-velocity universal joint, the constant-velocity universal joint overcoat links to each other with top link by bearing, steering swivel can rotate relative to top link to any direction swing and with constant-velocity universal joint together relative to top link, the steering swivel lower end is connected with following swing arm by bulb, and an end of shock absorber is connected with following swing arm; Following swing arm is installed on the vehicle body by shock absorber, and all loads on the vehicle body are passed on the ground by shock absorber, swing arm down, steering swivel, wheel hub motor and wheel;
Steering hardware is by steer motor, universal slip joint, drive bevel gear, driven wheel of differential and absolute type encoder are formed, steer motor is connected with drive bevel gear by universal slip joint, the rear portion of steer motor is connected with magnet stopper, driven wheel of differential and drive bevel gear engagement, driven wheel of differential is fixedly mounted on overcoat one end of constant-velocity universal joint in the suspension gear, absolute type encoder is installed in the outer of constant-velocity universal joint and puts, the absolute corner of wheel is fed back to the control system of driver or automatic driving vehicle, realize closed loop control wheel steering angle;
Brake equipment comprises brake disc, floating type brake clamp and hydraulic braking system composition, brake disc is fixed on the outer rotor inboard of wheel hub motor in the actuating device, floating type brake clamp is fixed on the steering swivel in the suspension gear, floating type brake clamp is connected with hydraulic braking system, make between brake clamp and brake disc and produce lock torque, the size of lock torque is controlled by the electric-hydraulic proportion pressure valve.
Hydraulic braking system is made up of micro hydraulic station, pressure switch, pressure transformer, electric-hydraulic proportion pressure valve and energy storage, pressure switch is connected with the micro hydraulic station, connects by hydraulic circuit in energy storage, pressure transformer, electric-hydraulic proportion pressure valve and micro hydraulic station.
Working process of the present utility model is as follows:
When giving the certain drive current of wheel hub motor, its outer rotor drives wheel movement.When turning to, steer motor drives drive bevel gear by universal slip joint, drives driven wheel of differential, and constant-velocity universal joint rotates with driven wheel of differential, drives steering swivel and wheel and turns to.Absolute type encoder feeds back to the control system of driver or automatic driving vehicle with the absolute corner of wheel, realizes the closed loop control to wheel steering angle.During the vehicle body up-down vibration, the axial length of universal slip joint can freely change.Two pistons that glancing impact, the high hydraulic brake fluid that provides by hydraulic braking system promote floating type brake clamp compress brake disc and produce lock torque, and the size of lock torque is controlled by the electric-hydraulic proportion pressure valve.If ignore the variation of friction coefficient between brake clamp and the brake disc, the proportional relation of input voltage of lock torque and electric-hydraulic proportion pressure valve.
The utility model can vehicle front-wheel turns to or rear-axle steering or 4 is taken turns independent steering, realizes that the no-radius original place is rotated and along the motion of translation of any direction; Drive-by-wire, steering-by-wire and the brake-by-wire of vehicle have been realized; The independent control that realized wheel drive, turns to, brakes can make vehicle ' under optimal mode.Be applicable to narrow space, the someone drives or driverless operation elec. vehicle or all directionally movable robot platform to require to turn to flexibly.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the utility model wheel assembly with integration.
Fig. 2 is the hydraulic braking system schematic diagram of brake equipment in the utility model.
Fig. 3 is the mode of motion constitution diagram that the utility model front-wheel (or trailing wheel) turns to.
Fig. 4 is the mode of motion constitution diagram of the utility model four-wheel steering.
Fig. 5 is the mode of motion constitution diagram of the utility model pivot stud.
Fig. 6 is the mode of motion constitution diagram of the utility model diagonal.
Among the figure: 1, vehicle body, 2, down swing arm, 3, shock absorber, 4, ball pivot, 5, steering swivel, 6, wheel rim, 7, wheel hub motor, 8, brake disc, 9, floating type brake clamp, 10, constant-velocity universal joint, 11, tire, 12, driven wheel of differential, 13, absolute type encoder, 14, drive bevel gear, 15, top link, 16, universal slip joint, 17, the steer motor DC speed-reducing, 18, magnet stopper, 19, micro hydraulic pumping plant, 20, pressure switch, 21, pressure transformer, 22, electric-hydraulic proportion pressure valve, 23, energy storage.
The specific embodiment
Wheel assembly with integration of the present utility model comprises wheel driver, suspension gear, steering hardware and brake equipment four parts as shown in Figure 1, and the concrete structure of various piece is as described below.
Actuating device is made up of wheel rim 6, tire 11 and wheel hub motor 7.Tire 11 is installed on the wheel rim 6, forms wheel together.Car rim 6 is fixed together with the outer rotor of wheel hub motor 7, and the steering swivel 5 in anchor shaft of wheel hub motor 7 (stator) and the suspension gear is rigidly connected.When giving the certain drive current of wheel hub motor 7, motor outer rotor drives whole wheel movement.
Suspension gear is made up of top link 15, constant-velocity universal joint 10, steering swivel 5, bulb 4, following swing arm 2 and shock absorber 3.The interior cover of the upper end of steering swivel 5 and constant-velocity universal joint 10 is rigidly connected, and the overcoat of constant-velocity universal joint 10 is connected by the left end of bearing with top link 15, and the right-hand member of top link 15 is connected with vehicle body 1 by revolute pair.The lower end of steering swivel 5 is connected with following swing arm 2 left ends by ball pivot 4, and the right-hand member of following swing arm 2 is connected with vehicle body 1 by revolute pair.Steering swivel 5 can freely swing in certain limit and rotate with respect to top link 15 and following swing arm 2.Following swing arm 2 is connected on the vehicle body 1 by shock absorber 3, and the lower end of shock absorber 3 is connected with the part of following swing arm 2 near left end by revolute pair, and shock absorber 3 upper ends are connected with vehicle body 1 by revolute pair.Vehicle body, load and be delivered to down swing arm 2, steering swivel 5 and wheel hub motor 7 by shock absorber 3 by the impulsive force that Uneven road causes, be delivered on the road surface by tire 11 at last, and, vehicle body 1 is recovered steadily rapidly by the absorption of the damping arrangement in the shock absorber 3 impact energy.
Steering hardware is by steer motor 17, magnet stopper 18, universal slip joint 16, and drive bevel gear 14, driven wheel of differential 12 and absolute type encoder 13 are formed.Steer motor 17 is fixedly mounted on the vehicle body 1, adopts DC speed-reducing, and its rear portion is connected with magnet stopper 18, and magnet stopper 18 can be used to pin steer motor 17 as required, promptly locks wheel in a certain deflection angle.The output shaft of the right-hand member of universal slip joint 16 and steer motor 17 is rigidly connected, the left end of universal slip joint 16 is equipped with drive bevel gear 14, driven wheel of differential 12 and drive bevel gear 14 no gap engagements, driven wheel of differential 12 is rigidly attached to the outer of constant-velocity universal joint 10 and puts.Outer the putting of constant-velocity universal joint 10 also is equipped with absolute type encoder 13, is used for measuring the absolute corner of steering swivel 5, and feeds back to the car-mounted computer control system, realizes the closed loop control to wheel turning angle.The length of universal slip joint 16 can freely change, and makes the divertical motion of wheel not be subjected to the influence of vehicle body 1 bob.
Brake equipment is made up of brake disc 8, floating type brake clamp 9 and hydraulic braking system, and brake disc 8 is rigidly attached on the outer rotor of wheel hub motor 7, and floating type brake clamp 9 is connected on the steering swivel 5.The structural principle of hydraulic braking system as shown in Figure 2, form by micro hydraulic station 19, pressure switch 20, pressure transformer 21, electric-hydraulic proportion pressure valve 22 and energy storage 23, pressure switch 20 is connected with micro hydraulic station 19, connects by hydraulic circuit in energy storage 23, pressure transformer 21, electric-hydraulic proportion pressure valve 22 and micro hydraulic station 1.During normal vehicle operation, electric-hydraulic proportion pressure valve 22 does not have braking liquid output, between the friction lining of brake disc 8 and floating type brake clamp 9 minim gap is arranged; Glancing impact, chaufeur or car-mounted computer control system are sent voltage command signal to electric-hydraulic proportion pressure valve 22, the proportional high hydraulic brake fluid of electric-hydraulic proportion pressure valve 22 output and instruction signal voltages, the friction lining that promotes floating type brake clamp 9 clamps brake disc 8, produces the proportional lock torque of and instruction signal voltage.Pressure switch 20 is used for controlling the start and stop of micro hydraulic pumping plant 19, when brake fluid pressure in the energy storage is lower than 5Mpa (scalable), pressure switch 20 starts micro hydraulic pumping plant 19 provides high hydraulic brake fluid to electric-hydraulic proportion pressure valve 22, unnecessary high hydraulic brake fluid fills to energy storage 23, brake fluid pressure reaches 10Mpa (scalable) in energy storage, and pressure switch 20 stops micro hydraulic pumping plant 19.Pressure transformer 21 is used for measuring the pressure of braking liquid in the floating type brake clamp 9 of glancing impact, and feed back to the car-mounted computer control system, can be used to realize closed loop control (ignoring the variation of friction coefficient between the friction lining of floating type brake clamp 9 and the brake disc 8) to lock torque.
The utility model can be realized the mode of motion that vehicle front-wheel turns to, rear-axle steering, 4 is taken turns independent steering, pivot stud and diagonal.Fig. 3 has provided the mode of motion that front-wheel (or trailing wheel) turns to.Fig. 4 has provided the mode of motion of four-wheel steering.Fig. 5 has provided the mode of motion of pivot stud.Fig. 6 has provided the mode of motion of diagonal.
Claims (2)
1. an individual drive, the wheel assembly with integration that turns to, hang and brake comprise wheel driver, suspension gear, steering hardware and brake equipment, it is characterized in that:
Actuating device is made up of wheel and wheel hub motor, and the wheel rim of wheel is fixing with the outer rotor of wheel hub motor, and the anchor shaft of wheel hub motor links to each other with steering swivel in the suspension gear;
Suspension gear is made up of Top Crossbeam, constant-velocity universal joint, steering swivel, bulb, following swing arm and shock absorber, the steering swivel upper end is rigidly connected with the interior cover of constant-velocity universal joint, the constant-velocity universal joint overcoat links to each other with top link by bearing, steering swivel can rotate relative to top link to any direction swing and with constant-velocity universal joint together relative to top link, the steering swivel lower end is connected with following swing arm by bulb, and an end of shock absorber is connected with following swing arm;
Steering hardware is by steer motor, universal slip joint, drive bevel gear, driven wheel of differential and absolute type encoder are formed, steer motor is connected with drive bevel gear by universal slip joint, the rear portion of steer motor is connected with magnet stopper, driven wheel of differential and drive bevel gear engagement, driven wheel of differential is fixedly mounted on overcoat one end of constant-velocity universal joint in the suspension gear, and absolute type encoder is installed in the outer of constant-velocity universal joint and puts;
Brake equipment is made up of brake disc, floating type brake clamp and hydraulic braking system, brake disc is fixed on the outer rotor inboard of wheel hub motor in the actuating device, floating type brake clamp is fixed on the steering swivel in the suspension gear, and floating type brake clamp is connected with hydraulic braking system.
2. individual drive according to claim 1, the wheel assembly with integration that turns to, hangs and brake, it is characterized in that: described hydraulic braking system is made up of micro hydraulic station, pressure switch, pressure transformer, electric-hydraulic proportion pressure valve and energy storage, pressure switch is connected with the micro hydraulic station, connects by hydraulic circuit in energy storage, pressure transformer, electric-hydraulic proportion pressure valve and micro hydraulic station.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009202247499U CN201484168U (en) | 2009-08-21 | 2009-08-21 | Integrative wheel assembly with independent driving, steering, hanging and braking |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009202247499U CN201484168U (en) | 2009-08-21 | 2009-08-21 | Integrative wheel assembly with independent driving, steering, hanging and braking |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN201484168U true CN201484168U (en) | 2010-05-26 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009202247499U Expired - Lifetime CN201484168U (en) | 2009-08-21 | 2009-08-21 | Integrative wheel assembly with independent driving, steering, hanging and braking |
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| CN102069843A (en) * | 2011-01-05 | 2011-05-25 | 吉林大学 | Wire controlled wheel independent steering execution mechanism and wheel assembly |
| CN101638052B (en) * | 2009-08-21 | 2012-01-04 | 山东大学 | Wheel assembly with integration of independent driving, steering, suspending and braking |
| CN102582416A (en) * | 2012-02-16 | 2012-07-18 | 吉林大学 | Full line control electric vehicle with variable kinetic characteristics |
| CN102837733A (en) * | 2012-09-18 | 2012-12-26 | 上海中科深江电动车辆有限公司 | Independent steering device |
| CN103818235A (en) * | 2014-03-18 | 2014-05-28 | 吉林大学 | Integrated steering suspension driving wheel |
| CN103818234A (en) * | 2014-03-11 | 2014-05-28 | 吉林大学 | Split electric wheel system with thin excitation-free electromagnetic parking braking device |
| WO2014101756A1 (en) * | 2012-12-24 | 2014-07-03 | 中国科学院深圳先进技术研究院 | Steer-by-wire apparatus independently steering and driving electric automobile, and suspension system thereof |
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| EP2781437A4 (en) * | 2011-11-16 | 2015-04-01 | Nissan Motor | Steering device for wheel |
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| CN107640211B (en) * | 2017-09-22 | 2019-06-21 | 吉林大学 | A kind of steer by wire apparatus and automobile that steering mechanism integrates with suspension |
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| WO2020025083A1 (en) * | 2018-08-01 | 2020-02-06 | Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG | Relative guide device for a steering arrangement arranged on the wheel-carrier side |
| CN112262050A (en) * | 2018-08-01 | 2021-01-22 | 舍弗勒技术股份两合公司 | Counter-guide device for a steering arrangement arranged on the wheel carrier side |
| US11548339B2 (en) | 2018-08-01 | 2023-01-10 | Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG | Relative guide device for a steering arrangement arranged on the wheel-carrier side |
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