CN201410933Y - Automobile electric windshield wiper - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to an automobile electric windshield wiper, comprising a first servo motor and a first windshield wiper arm, wherein the output of the first servo motor is connected with a first windshield wiper shaft by a first coupler; the first windshield wiper shaft is provided with the first windshield wiper arm which swings along the rotation of the first windshield wiper shaft, wherein a motor shaft of the servo motor is provided with a first position detecting device; the first windshield wiper arm is provided with magnet steel; the corresponding position of an automobile isprovided with a magnetic induction element; and the first position detecting device and the magnetic induction element output detected position signals to a first servo controller which controls the first servo motor and drives the first windshield wiper arm to swing. The automobile electric windshield wiper has simple structure and low cost, can realize any swinging angle of the windshield wiperfrom 0 degree to 180 degrees, has protecting function of blocking rotation, can realize stepless speed regulation and has high reliability and long service life.

Description

Electric windshield wiper of automobile

Technical field

The utility model relates to a kind of wiper, especially a kind of electric windshield wiper of automobile.

Background technology

Existing vehicle wiper comprises motor, retarder, rocker shaft, four-bar linkage, windscreen wiper arm etc., and complex structure is bulky.Application number is that 03256255.1 document discloses a kind of wiper of realizing 180 ° of pivot angles, but complex structure; Application number is the wiper that the document of 200620101371.X discloses a kind of air operated control, though simplified physical construction, control structure complexity, and the speed governing inconvenience of wiper; Application number is that 200620053557.2 document uses two motors to drive two rain brush respectively, has simplified physical construction, but need use two motors, has increased cost, and being synchronized with the movement of two motors is not easy to guarantee; Application number is that 200320106137.2 document has increased some protective circuits, realizes " resistance is changeed " protection of wiper, but does not change the physical construction of wiper, and protective circuit is also complicated.Application number is 03270496.8 document, adopts the drive motor of DC machine as wiper, and there is brush in DC machine, and service life is short, and noise is big.

The utility model content

Technical problem to be solved in the utility model is; provide a kind of electric windshield wiper of automobile at the deficiencies in the prior art; adopt the drive motor of AC servo motor as wiper; realize the wiper commutation by position detecting device, remove the mechanical commutation device of existing wiper, simple in structure, cost is low; can realize that rain brush is at any pivot angle of 0 ° to 180 °; have " resistance change " defencive function, can realize infinite speed variation, and reliability height, long service life.

Technical problem to be solved in the utility model is achieved by the following technical solution:

The utility model provides a kind of electric windshield wiper of automobile, comprise first servomotor and the first windscreen wiper arm, the output of first servomotor links to each other with the first windscreen wiper axle by first coupler, the first windscreen wiper axle is provided with the first windscreen wiper arm, and the first windscreen wiper arm is swung with the rotation of the first windscreen wiper axle, and the motor shaft of described servomotor is provided with the primary importance detecting device; The described first windscreen wiper arm is provided with magnet steel, correspondence position at automobile is provided with magnetic induction part, described primary importance detecting device and magnetic induction part are exported to first servo-control unit with detected position signal, and first servo-control unit is controlled first servomotor and driven first oscillating wiper arm.

Also be connected with the retarder and second coupler in turn between described first coupler and the first windscreen wiper axle, first coupler links to each other with the driving link of retarder, and the driven member of retarder links to each other with the first windscreen wiper axle by second coupler.

Be arranged with first crank on the described first windscreen wiper axle, first crank links to each other with second crank by synchronizing bar, and second crank is provided with the second windscreen wiper axle, and the described second windscreen wiper axle rotates and drive second oscillating wiper arm fixed thereon.

Described retarder is worm type of reduction gearing or cylinder gear speed reducer or cone gear reducer or epicyclic reduction gear or its combination.

As distressed structure, the utility model also comprises second servomotor and the second windscreen wiper arm, the motor shaft of described second servomotor is provided with second place detecting device, second place detecting device is exported to second servo-control unit with detected position signal, and second servo-control unit links to each other with described first servo-control unit; Described primary importance detecting device and magnetic induction part are exported to first servo-control unit with detected position signal, and first servo-control unit is exported to second servo-control unit with described position signal and controlled second servomotor and drive second oscillating wiper arm.

In order to save volume, described primary importance detecting device, first servo-control unit and first servomotor are wholely set; Described second place detecting device, second servo-control unit and second servomotor are wholely set.

As required, described first servomotor, second servomotor are preferably AC servo motor.

Described servo-control unit in the above-mentioned electric windshield wiper of automobile comprises data processing unit, electric-motor drive unit and current sensor, described data processing unit receives the command signal of input, the motor input current signal of current sensor collection and the information of the representative motor angle that position detecting device is exported, through data handing, the output control signal is given described electric-motor drive unit, described electric-motor drive unit is given servomotor according to the suitable voltage of described control signal output, thereby realizes the accuracy control to servomotor.

Described data processing unit comprises machinery ring control subelement, current loop control subelement, pwm control signal produces subelement and sensor signal is handled subelement;

Described sensor signal is handled the information that subelement receives the representative motor angle of described position detecting device output, and the angle of motor is transferred to described machinery ring control subelement; Described sensor signal is handled the detected current signal that subelement also receives described current sensor, through exporting to described current loop control subelement after the A/D sampling;

Described machinery ring control subelement obtains current-order through computing, and exports to described current loop control subelement according to the command signal that receives and the rotational angle of motor shaft;

Described current loop control subelement obtains the duty cycle control signal of three phasevoltage according to the current signal of the current sensor output of the current-order that receives through computing, and exports to described pwm control signal generation subelement;

Described pwm control signal produces the duty cycle control signal of subelement according to the three phasevoltage that receives, and generates six road pwm signals with a definite sequence, acts on electric-motor drive unit respectively.

Described electric-motor drive unit comprises six power switch pipes, per two of described switching valve is connected into one group, three groups are connected in parallel between the direct current supply line, the control that each control end of switching tube is subjected to pwm control signal to produce the pwm signal of subelement output, two switching valve timesharing conductings in each group.

Described data processing unit is MCU, and described electric-motor drive unit is the IPM module.

Described primary importance detecting device, second place detecting device, comprise magnetic steel ring, magnetic guiding loop and magnetic induction part, it is characterized in that, described magnetic guiding loop is made of the segmental arc of two sections or the same radius of multistage, concentric, adjacent two segmental arcs leave the slit, and described magnetic induction part places in this slit, when magnetic steel ring and magnetic guiding loop generation relative rotary motion, described magnetic induction part is converted to voltage signal with the magnetic signal that senses, and this voltage signal is transferred to the corresponding signal process device.

Described magnetic guiding loop is made of the segmental arc of two sections same radiuses, concentric, is respectively 1/4 segmental arc and 3/4 segmental arc, and cooresponding magnetic induction part is 2; Perhaps, described magnetic guiding loop is made of three sections segmental arcs with radius, is respectively 1/3 segmental arc, and cooresponding magnetic induction part is 3; Perhaps, described magnetic guiding loop is made of four sections segmental arcs with radius, is respectively 1/4 segmental arc, and cooresponding magnetic induction part is 4; Perhaps, described magnetic guiding loop is made of six sections segmental arcs with radius, is respectively 1/6 segmental arc, and cooresponding magnetic induction part is 6.

The segmental arc end of described magnetic guiding loop is provided with chamfering, for vertically or radially or vertically simultaneously, the chamfering that forms of radial cutting.

For the ease of fixing described magnetic guiding loop, described primary importance detecting device, second place detecting device also comprise skeleton, and described magnetic guiding loop is arranged on the skeleton forming mould, when described skeleton is one-body molded and skeletal fixation together.

Described sensor signal is handled the signal processing circuit that comprises position detecting device in subelement or the position detecting device, is used for obtaining according to the voltage signal of described position detecting device the rotational angle of motor shaft, specifically comprises:

The A/D change-over circuit, the voltage signal that magnetic induction part in the position detecting device is sent carries out the A/D conversion, is digital signal with analog signal conversion;

Combiner circuit, a plurality of voltage signals that the process A/D that position detecting device is sent changes are handled and are obtained reference signal D;

The angle acquisition cuicuit according to this reference signal D, selects the angle relative with it as deviation angle θ in the standard angle kilsyth basalt; And

Memory circuit is used for storage standards angle table.

Described primary importance detecting device, second place detecting device comprise rotor and rotor are enclosed within the in-to-in stator that described rotor comprises first magnetic steel ring, second magnetic steel ring;

Wherein, described first magnetic steel ring and second magnetic steel ring are separately fixed on the motor shaft;

On stator, corresponding to second magnetic steel ring, with the center of second magnetic steel ring is that the same circumference in the center of circle is provided with n (n=1,2 ... n) individual well-distributed magnetic induction part, the magnetic pole magnetization of described second magnetic steel ring makes n magnetic induction part output be the Gray code form in proper order, and adjacent two outputs have only a variation;

On stator, corresponding to first magnetic steel ring, with the center of first magnetic steel ring is that the same circumference in the center of circle is provided with the individual magnetic induction part that distributes at an angle of m (m is 2 or 3 integral multiple), the total logarithm of the magnetic pole of described first magnetic steel ring equates with the magnetic pole sum of second magnetic steel ring, and the polarity of two neighboring pole is opposite;

When rotor during with respect to stator generation relative rotary motion, described magnetic induction part changes the magnetic signal that senses into voltage signal, and this voltage signal is exported to a signal processor unit.

On the stator corresponding to the angle between adjacent two magnetic induction parts of first magnetic steel ring, when m was 2 or 4, this angle was 90 °/g; When m was 3, this angle was 120 °/g; When m was 6, this angle was 60 °/g, and wherein, g is the magnetic pole sum of second magnetic steel ring.

Described primary importance detecting device, second place detecting device comprise rotor and rotor are enclosed within the in-to-in stator that described rotor comprises first magnetic steel ring, second magnetic steel ring;

Wherein, described first magnetic steel ring and second magnetic steel ring are separately fixed in the rotating shaft, and described first magnetic steel ring is evenly geomagnetic into N[N＜=2 ⁿ(n=0,1,2 ... n)] to magnetic pole, and the polarity of two neighboring pole is opposite; The magnetic pole of described second magnetic steel ring adds up to N, and its magnetic order is determined according to the specific magnetic sequence algorithm;

On stator,, be that the same circumference in the center of circle is provided with the individual magnetic induction part that distributes at an angle of m (m is 2 or 3 integral multiple) with the center of first magnetic steel ring corresponding to first magnetic steel ring; Corresponding to second magnetic steel ring, be that the same circumference in the center of circle is provided with n (n=0,1,2 with the center of second magnetic steel ring ... n) the individual magnetic induction part that distributes at an angle;

When rotor during with respect to stator generation relative rotary motion, described magnetic induction part changes the magnetic signal that senses into voltage signal, and this voltage signal is exported to a signal processor unit.

Be 360 °/N corresponding to the angle between adjacent two magnetic induction parts of second magnetic steel ring on the stator.

On the stator corresponding to first magnetic steel ring angle between adjacent two magnetic induction parts, when m was 2 or 4, the angle between every adjacent two magnetic induction parts was 90 °/N, when m was 3, the angle between every adjacent two magnetic induction parts was 120 °/N; When m was 6, the angle between every adjacent two magnetic induction parts was 60 °/N.

For simplified structure, the direct Surface Mount of described magnetic induction part is in inner surface of stator.

For better poly-magnetic, described primary importance detecting device, second place detecting device also comprise two magnetic guiding loops, each described magnetic guiding loop is by a plurality of concentrics, constitutes with the segmental arc of radius, adjacent two segmental arcs leave the space, are located at respectively in this space corresponding to the magnetic induction part of two magnetic steel ring.

The segmental arc end of described magnetic guiding loop is provided with chamfering, for vertically or radially or vertically simultaneously, the chamfering that forms of radial cutting.

Described magnetic induction part is the hall sensing element.

Described sensor signal is handled the signal processing circuit that comprises position detecting device in subelement or the position detecting device, is used for obtaining according to the voltage signal of described position detecting device the rotational angle of motor shaft, specifically comprises:

The A/D change-over circuit, the voltage signal that position detecting device is sent carries out the A/D conversion, is digital signal with analog signal conversion;

Relativity shift angle θ ₁Computing circuit is used for the relative displacement θ of first voltage signal in the signal period of living in that the calculating location detecting device sends corresponding to the magnetic induction part of first magnetic steel ring ₁

Absolute offset values θ ₂Computing circuit according to second voltage signal that sends corresponding to the magnetic induction part of second magnetic steel ring in the position detecting device, is determined the absolute offset values θ that put the residing signal period first place of first voltage signal by calculating ₂

Synthetic and the output module of angle is used for above-mentioned relative displacement θ ₁With absolute offset values θ ₂Addition, the anglec of rotation θ in this moment of the synthetic described first voltage signal representative;

Memory module is used to store data.

Also comprise:

Signal amplification circuit is used for before the A/D change-over circuit carries out the A/D conversion voltage signal that comes from magnetoelectric sensor being amplified.

Described relativity shift angle θ ₁Computing circuit comprises first combiner circuit and the first angle acquisition cuicuit, and described first combiner circuit is handled a plurality of voltage signals through the A/D conversion that position detecting device sends, and obtains a reference signal D; The described first angle acquisition cuicuit is according to this reference signal D, selects an angle relative with it as deviation angle θ in the first standard standard angle kilsyth basalt ₁

Described relativity shift angle θ ₁In the computing circuit or before combiner circuit, also comprise temperature-compensation circuit, be used to eliminate the influence of the voltage signal that temperature sends magnetoelectric sensor.

The output of described combiner circuit or described first combiner circuit also comprises signal R;

Described temperature compensation unit comprises coefficient rectifier and multiplier, and described coefficient rectifier is to the signal R of the output of described synthesis module with to the signal R under should the reference standard conditions of signal ₀Compare and obtain output signal K; Described multiplier is a plurality of, and the voltage signal that each described multiplier will send from position detecting device, that process A/D changes and the output signal K of described coefficient rectification module multiply each other, and the result after will multiplying each other exports to first combiner circuit.

Described absolute offset values θ ₂Computing circuit comprises second combiner circuit and the second angle acquisition cuicuit, and described second combiner circuit is used for second voltage signal that the position detecting device corresponding to second magnetic steel ring sends is synthesized, and obtains a signal E; The absolute offset values θ that the described second angle acquisition cuicuit selects an angle relative with it to put as the residing signal period first place of first voltage signal in the second standard angle kilsyth basalt according to this signal E ₂

In sum, the utility model is simple in structure and cost is low; The commutation of rain brush is relevant with the installation site of magnetic induction part, as long as adjust the installation site of magnetic induction part, just can realize that rain brush is at any pivot angle of 0 ° to 180 °; Because what adopt is AC servo, the AC servo controller can be realized " resistance is changeed " protection to AC servo motor, can not have " resistance is changeed " defencive function because of rain brush " resistance is changeed " burns out motor; AC servo can realize infinite speed variation, can realize infinite speed variation to rain brush, and speed governing is very convenient; Owing to simplified the physical construction of existing wiper greatly, and adopted AC servo motor, than DC machine long service life, so total system reliability height.

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and specific embodiment the utility model is described in detail.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the electric windshield wiper of automobile of the utility model embodiment one;

Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the electric windshield wiper of automobile of the utility model embodiment two;

Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the electric windshield wiper of automobile of the utility model embodiment three;

Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the electric windshield wiper of automobile of the utility model embodiment four;

Fig. 5 is the structural representation of the electric windshield wiper of automobile of the utility model embodiment five;

Fig. 6 is the structural representation of the electric windshield wiper of automobile of the utility model embodiment six;

Fig. 7 is the structural representation of the electric windshield wiper of automobile of the utility model embodiment seven;

Fig. 8 is the structural representation of the electric windshield wiper of automobile of the utility model embodiment eight;

Fig. 9 is the structural representation of the electric windshield wiper of automobile of the utility model embodiment nine;

Figure 10 is the structural representation of the electric windshield wiper of automobile of the utility model embodiment ten;

Figure 11 is the structural representation of the electric windshield wiper of automobile of the utility model embodiment 11;

Figure 12 is the structure diagram according to the control system of the electric windshield wiper of automobile of the foregoing description;

Figure 13 is the structure principle chart of AC servo;

Figure 14 shows the Principle of Synchronic Control figure of double-motor wiper;

Figure 15 is that position detecting device of the present utility model is installed on the structure principle chart on the axle;

Figure 16 is the three-dimensional exploded view of position detecting device of the present utility model;

Figure 17 is that position detecting device of the present utility model is installed on the block diagram on the axle;

Figure 18 is that position detecting device of the present utility model is installed on another block diagram on the axle;

Figure 19 is that magnetic steel ring is installed on the block diagram on the axle;

Figure 20 is that magnetic guiding loop is installed on the block diagram on the skeleton;

Figure 21 is the block diagram after magnetic guiding loop is taken off from skeleton;

Figure 22 A-Figure 22 D is the chamfer design figure of magnetic guiding loop of the present utility model;

Figure 23 is the structural representation of the embodiment one of the utility model position detecting device;

Figure 24 is the block diagram of signal processor unit of the embodiment one of the utility model position detecting device;

Figure 25 is the structural representation of the embodiment two of position detecting device;

Figure 26 is the block diagram of signal processor unit of the embodiment two of position detecting device;

Figure 27 is the structural representation of the embodiment three of position detecting device;

Figure 28 is the block diagram of signal processor unit of the embodiment three of position detecting device;

Figure 29 is the structural representation of the embodiment four of position detecting device;

Figure 30 is the block diagram of signal processor unit of the embodiment four of position detecting device;

Figure 31 is the three-dimensional exploded view of the position detecting device of the utility model embodiment five;

Figure 32 is the erection plan of position detecting device shown in Figure 31;

Figure 33 is another erection plan of position detecting device shown in Figure 31;

One of diagram of circuit of the signal processing method of Figure 34 position detecting device described in the utility model;

Two of the diagram of circuit of the signal processing method of Figure 35 position detecting device described in the utility model;

Two of the diagram of circuit of the signal processing method of Figure 36 position detecting device described in the utility model;

Four of the diagram of circuit of the signal processing method of Figure 37 position detecting device described in the utility model;

Figure 38 is the coding that the position detecting device of the utility model embodiment five obtains when being provided with 3 magnetic induction parts corresponding to second magnetic steel ring;

Figure 39 is the order that magnetizes of the position detecting device of the utility model embodiment five second magnetic steel ring when being provided with 3 magnetic induction parts corresponding to second magnetic steel ring;

Figure 40 is the constructional drawing of second magnetic steel ring, magnetic guiding loop and magnetic induction part of the position detecting device of the utility model embodiment five;

Figure 41 is the arrangement plan of the first magnetic steel ring uniform magnetization of the position detecting device of the utility model embodiment five corresponding 2 magnetic induction parts when being 6 pairs of utmost points;

Figure 42 is the constructional drawing of first magnetic steel ring, magnetic guiding loop and magnetic induction part of the position detecting device of the utility model embodiment five;

Figure 43 is the circuit block diagram of signal processor unit of the position detecting device of the utility model embodiment five;

Figure 44 is the constructional drawing of first magnetic steel ring, magnetic guiding loop and the magnetic induction part of the utility model embodiment six;

Figure 45 is the circuit block diagram of the signal processor unit of the utility model embodiment six;

Figure 46 is the constructional drawing of first magnetic steel ring, magnetic guiding loop and the magnetic induction part of the utility model embodiment seven;

Figure 47 is the circuit block diagram of the signal processor unit of the utility model embodiment seven;

Figure 48 is the constructional drawing of first magnetic steel ring, magnetic guiding loop and the magnetic induction part of the utility model embodiment eight;

The circuit block diagram of the signal processor unit of Figure 49 the utility model embodiment eight;

Figure 50 is the three-dimensional exploded view of another kind of structure of the position detecting device of embodiment five to embodiment eight of the present utility model;

Figure 51 A, 51B and 51C are respectively three-dimensional exploded view, scheme drawing and the constructionals drawing of the position detecting device structure that is provided with magnetic guiding loop of embodiment nine.

The specific embodiment

Embodiment one

With reference to accompanying drawing, Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the electric windshield wiper of automobile of the utility model embodiment one.As shown in Figure 1, this electric windshield wiper of automobile comprises: the first servomotor 1a and the first windscreen wiper arm 2a, the output of the first servomotor 1a links to each other with the first windscreen wiper axle 4a by the first coupler 3a, the first windscreen wiper axle 4a is provided with the first windscreen wiper arm 2a, and the first windscreen wiper arm 2a swings with the rotation of the first windscreen wiper axle 4a.

The motor shaft of the first servomotor 1a is provided with primary importance detecting device 5a; The first windscreen wiper arm 2a is provided with magnet steel 6, correspondence position at automobile is provided with magnetic induction part, this magnetic induction part 7 adopts the hall sensing element in the utility model, primary importance detecting device 5a and magnetic induction part 7 are exported to the first servo-control unit 8a with detected position signal, and the first servo-control unit 8a controls the first servomotor 1a and drives first windscreen wiper arm 2a swing.Magnetic induction part 7 is connected to the first servo-control unit 8a by signal wire (SW) 9a, and primary importance detecting device 5a is connected to the first servo-control unit 8a by signal wire (SW) 9b, and the first servomotor 1a is connected to the first servo-control unit 8a by motor power line 10.

In the present embodiment, the control method of electric windshield wiper of automobile may further comprise the steps:

Step 1: towards the direction swing of magnetic induction part 7, the hand of rotation of setting servomotor this moment is positive veer to the first windscreen wiper arm 2a under servomotor 1a drives, and the swaying direction of windscreen wiper arm is the forward swing;

Step 2: the first windscreen wiper arm 2a swings to end position, make the magnet steel 6 on the first windscreen wiper arm 2a corresponding with the position of magnetic induction part 7, magnetic induction part 7 induces the position of magnet steel 6 and this position signal is passed to the first servo-control unit 8a, the first servomotor 1a carries out position control, control first servomotor 1a counter-rotating, thereby make the first windscreen wiper arm 2a backswing;

Step 3: the default first servomotor 1a rotational angle carries out position control to the first servomotor 1a, calculate the angle that the first servomotor 1a turns over, thereby calculate the angle that the first windscreen wiper arm 2a turns over, after the first servomotor 1a turns over the angle of setting, controlling the first servomotor 1a just changes, thereby drives the forward swing again of windscreen wiper arm.

Embodiment two

As shown in Figure 2, different with embodiment one is that this electric windshield wiper also comprises retarder.The first servo-control unit 8a controls first servomotor 1a operation, motor is connected with worm screw 11 by the first coupler 3a, drives worm screw 11 and rotates, and worm screw 11 drives worm gear 12 and rotates, worm-wheel shaft 13 is connected with the first windscreen wiper axle 4a by the second coupler 3b, drives the first windscreen wiper axle 4a and rotates.Here the retarder that is adopted is a worm type of reduction gearing, also can use cylinder gear speed reducer, cone gear reducer, epicyclic reduction gear etc.This electric windshield wiper is the wiper of single wiper blade structure, simple in structure, servo-control unit can be controlled wiper and realize 0 ° to 180 ° any pivot angle, thus can not only replace the wiper of existing single wiper blade structure, and can replace the wiper of existing two wiper blade structures.

Embodiment three

As shown in Figure 3, different with embodiment one is, be arranged with the first crank 14a on this electric windshield wiper first windscreen wiper axle 4a, the first crank 14a links to each other with the second crank 14b by synchronizing bar 15, the second crank 14b is provided with the second windscreen wiper axle 4b, and the described second windscreen wiper axle 4b rotates and drive second windscreen wiper arm 2b swing fixed thereon.Do not have retarder between the motor of this vehicle wiper and the windscreen wiper axle, directly connect by coupler 3a.Can simplify the structure of wiper like this, but need motor that bigger torque is provided.

The control method of electric windshield wiper of automobile may further comprise the steps in the present embodiment:

Step 1: towards the direction swing of magnetic induction part 7, the hand of rotation of setting first servomotor 1a this moment is positive veer to the first windscreen wiper arm 2a under the first servomotor 1a drives, and the swaying direction of the first windscreen wiper arm 2a is the forward swing;

Step 2: the first windscreen wiper arm 2a swings to end position, make the magnet steel 6 on the first windscreen wiper arm 2a corresponding with the position of magnetic induction part 7, magnetic induction part 7 induces the position of magnet steel 6 and this position signal is passed to the first servo-control unit 8a, the first servomotor 1a is carried out position control, control first servomotor 1a counter-rotating, thereby make the first windscreen wiper arm 2a backswing;

The first windscreen wiper arm 2a, the second windscreen wiper arm 2b, both link to each other by synchronizing bar 15; Swing along with the first windscreen wiper arm 2a, magnet steel 6 disposed thereon moves to and magnetic induction part 7 corresponding positions, magnetic induction part 7 induces the position of magnet steel and this position signal is passed to the first servo-control unit 8a, the first servomotor 1a carries out position control, control first servomotor 1a counter-rotating, thereby make the first windscreen wiper arm 2a backswing; Synchronizing bar 15 drives the second windscreen wiper arm 2b backswing simultaneously.

Step 3: the default first servomotor 1a rotational angle carries out position control to the first servomotor 1a, calculate the angle that the first servomotor 1a turns over, thereby calculate the angle that the first windscreen wiper arm 2a turns over, after the first servomotor 1a turns over the angle of setting, controlling the first servomotor 1a just changes, thereby drives first windscreen wiper arm 2a forward swing again.Synchronizing bar 15 drives the swing of the second windscreen wiper arm 2b forward simultaneously.

Embodiment four

As shown in Figure 4, different with embodiment three is to be provided with retarder between the motor of this electric windshield wiper and the windscreen wiper axle, i.e. the first gear 16a and the second gear 16b.Can use cone gear reducer, epicyclic reduction gear etc. in addition.

Embodiment five

As shown in Figure 5, in this electric windshield wiper, the first servo-control unit 8a controls first servomotor 1a operation, motor is connected with worm screw 11 by the first coupler 3a, driving worm screw 11 rotates, worm screw 11 drives worm gear 12 and rotates, and worm-wheel shaft 13 is connected with the first windscreen wiper axle 4a by the second coupler 3b, drives the first windscreen wiper axle 4a and rotates.The first windscreen wiper axle 4a drives the first windscreen wiper arm 2a and the first crank 14a rotates, the first crank 14a is connected with the second crank 14b by synchronizing bar 15, drive the second crank 14b and rotate, the second crank 14b drives the second windscreen wiper axle 4b and rotates and then drive second windscreen wiper arm 2b rotation.

Post magnet steel 6 on the first windscreen wiper arm 2a, in the side of the first windscreen wiper arm 2a, magnetic induction part 7 (when magnet steel 6 turns to a side with the first windscreen wiper arm 2a, corresponding with magnetic induction part 7 positions just) is equipped with in automobile and magnet steel 6 cooresponding positions.As the first windscreen wiper arm 2a during towards the motion of the direction of magnetic induction part 7, magnet steel 6 is near magnetic induction part 7, magnetic field strengthens, the induced voltage of magnetic induction part 7 increases, when magnet steel 6 when Hall is nearest, the induced voltage maximum of magnetic induction part 7, CPU detects the maximum voltage of magnetic induction part 7, produce turn sign thus, control motor inverted running, the first windscreen wiper arm 2a is towards the direction motion away from magnetic induction part 7.When the first windscreen wiper arm 2a to away from the motion of the direction of magnetic induction part 7 time, the first servo-control unit 8a carries out position control to the first servomotor 1a, the number of turns that the control motor turns over, after the first servomotor 1a turns over the number of turns of appointment, control the first servomotor 1a and rotate in the opposite direction, thereby make the first windscreen wiper arm 2a to direction motion near magnetic induction part 7.The first windscreen wiper arm 2a is when moving near the direction of magnetic induction part 7, when magnet steel 6 moves to magnetic induction part 7 when nearest, magnetic induction part 7 produces maximum induced voltage signal, pass to the first servo-control unit 8a, the first servo-control unit 8a controls first servomotor 1a counter-rotating, and the first windscreen wiper arm 2a is to the direction motion away from magnetic induction part 7.By magnetic induction part 7, magnet steel 6 and position control, realize the crank motion of the first windscreen wiper arm 2a.The second windscreen wiper arm 2b keeps being synchronized with the movement by the first crank 14a, synchronizing bar 15, the second crank 14b and the first windscreen wiper arm 2a.

Embodiment six

As shown in Figure 6, different with embodiment five is, this electric windshield wiper is the wiper of double-motor structure, and each motor drives a windscreen wiper arm respectively.The first servo-control unit 8a and servo-control unit 8b carry out synchro control to two motors, between have signal wire (SW) 9d to connect, be used for communication, realize the synchro control of double-motor.The retarder that adopts is a worm type of reduction gearing, can use cylinder gear speed reducer, cone gear reducer, epicyclic reduction gear etc. in addition.

Embodiment seven

As shown in Figure 7, the similar of this electric windshield wiper is characterized in not using retarder in the structure described in the embodiment one, and motor shaft directly connects windscreen wiper axle 4a by coupler 3a, and the integrated Fu of Fu that adopts, the single wiper that is integrated.The structure of this electric windshield wiper is very simple, but owing to do not have retarder, so the moment of torsion that needs motor to provide is big.

Embodiment eight

As shown in Figure 8, two wipers of being integrated of this electric windshield wiper.Each motor drives a windscreen wiper arm respectively.The first servo-control unit 8a and servo-control unit 8b carry out synchro control to two motors, between have signal wire (SW) 9b to connect, be used for communication, realize the synchro control of double-motor.By coupler 3a and 3b and windscreen wiper axle 4a and 4b direct connection, the centre does not have retarder respectively for servomotor 1a and 1b.

Embodiment nine

As shown in Figure 9, this electric windshield wiper is the wiper of single wiper blade structure of the integrated Fu of employing.Compare with embodiment two, the integrated Fu of used Fu, servo-control unit and servomotor are structure as a whole, and be simpler than the wiper structure of embodiment two.The retarder that adopts is a worm type of reduction gearing, can use cylinder gear speed reducer, cone gear reducer, epicyclic reduction gear etc. in addition.

Embodiment ten

As shown in figure 10, this electric windshield wiper is the wiper of single wiper blade structure of the integrated Fu of employing.Compare with embodiment nine, difference is that the retarder that adopts is a cylinder gear speed reducer, and promptly the first gear 16a and the second gear 16b can use cone gear reducer, epicyclic reduction gear etc. in addition.

Embodiment 11

As shown in figure 11, this electric windshield wiper is for adopting the wiper of two integrated Fus, and each motor drives a windscreen wiper arm respectively.Servo-control unit 8a and servo-control unit 8b carry out synchro control to two motors, between have signal wire (SW) 9b to connect, be used for communication, realize the synchro control of double-motor.The retarder that adopts is a worm type of reduction gearing, can use cylinder gear speed reducer, cone gear reducer, epicyclic reduction gear etc. in addition.

In above each embodiment, motor is preferably AC servo motor.

Comprehensive each above-mentioned embodiment, it is following steps that the control method of the utility model electric windshield wiper of automobile is summarized:

Step 1: towards the direction swing of magnetic induction part, the hand of rotation of setting servomotor this moment is positive veer to the windscreen wiper arm under servomotor drives, and the swaying direction of windscreen wiper arm is the forward swing;

Step 2: oscillating wiper arm is to end position, make the magnet steel on the windscreen wiper arm corresponding with the position of magnetic induction part, magnetic induction part induces the position of magnet steel and this position signal is passed to servo-control unit, servomotor carries out position control, the counter-rotating of control servomotor, thus make the backswing of windscreen wiper arm;

Step 3: default servomotor rotational angle carries out position control to servomotor, calculate the angle that servomotor turns over, thereby calculate the angle that the windscreen wiper arm turns over, turn over the angle of setting when servomotor after, the control servomotor just changes, thereby drives the forward swing again of windscreen wiper arm.

Preferably, step 2 specifically comprises: described windscreen wiper arm comprises first, second windscreen wiper arm, and both link to each other by synchronizing bar; Swing along with the first windscreen wiper arm, magnet steel disposed thereon moves to and the corresponding position of magnetic induction part, magnetic induction part induces the position of magnet steel and this position signal is passed to servo-control unit, servomotor carries out position control, the counter-rotating of control motor, thus make the first windscreen wiper arm backswing; Synchronizing bar drives the second windscreen wiper arm backswing simultaneously.

Preferably, step 2 specifically comprises: described windscreen wiper arm comprises first, second windscreen wiper arm, and both are respectively equipped with separately position detecting device, servo-control unit and servomotor, and both servomotors link to each other; Described first oscillating wiper arm is to end position, make the magnet steel on the first windscreen wiper arm corresponding with the position of magnetic induction part, magnetic induction part induces the position of magnet steel and this position signal is passed to the servo-control unit of the first windscreen wiper arm, servomotor carries out position control, the counter-rotating of control motor, thus make the first windscreen wiper arm backswing; The servo-control unit of the first windscreen wiper arm passes to control signal the servo-control unit of the second windscreen wiper arm simultaneously, and servomotor carries out position control, the counter-rotating of control motor, thus make the second windscreen wiper arm and the swing of the first windscreen wiper arm synchronous backward.

Preferably, the control motor just changes in the step 3, thereby drives the forward swing again of windscreen wiper arm, and specifically comprise: described windscreen wiper arm comprises first, second windscreen wiper arm, and both link to each other by synchronizing bar, and servomotor drives the swing of the first windscreen wiper arm forward; Synchronizing bar drives the swing of the second windscreen wiper arm forward simultaneously.

Preferably, step 3 specifically comprises: described windscreen wiper arm comprises first, second windscreen wiper arm, and both are respectively equipped with separately position detecting device, servo-control unit and servomotor, and both servomotors link to each other; Default servomotor rotational angle carries out position control to servomotor, calculate the angle that servomotor turns over, thereby calculate the angle that the windscreen wiper arm turns over, turn over the angle of setting when servomotor after, the control servomotor just changes, thereby drives the forward swing again of the first windscreen wiper arm; The servo-control unit of the first windscreen wiper arm passes to control signal the servo-control unit of the second windscreen wiper arm simultaneously, controls the forward swing again synchronously of the second windscreen wiper arm and the first windscreen wiper arm.

The control principle of the electric windshield wiper of automobile of the foregoing description below is described.

Figure 12 is the structure diagram according to the control system of the electric windshield wiper of automobile of the foregoing description.As shown in figure 12, the vehicle wiper control system is made up of servo-control unit, AC servo motor, position detecting device, Hall and magnet steel.Servo-control unit is made up of micro controller system (MCU), IPM, current sensor etc.The motor current signal of micro controller system received current sensor and the voltage signal of position detecting device and the induced voltage signal of Hall are found the solution motor steering signal, operation angle derivation algorithm and control program, produce pwm signal control IPM.IPM produces three phasevoltage and gives AC servo motor according to pwm signal.Total system is the control system of a closed loop, control cycle short (control cycle has only tens microseconds), and response is fast, the precision height.

Particularly, as shown in figure 13, CPU, A/D, synchronous communication mouth and pwm signal generation module etc. are arranged in the inside of MCU, current sensor is input to the analog signal of MCU and advanced the A/D sampling, is converted to digital signal, thereby obtains current feedback.Position detecting device is input to the voltage signal of MCU, through the A/D sampling, is converted to digital signal, and CPU operation angle derivation algorithm obtains the angle feedback.Hall is input to the voltage signal of MCU, through the A/D sampling, is converted to digital signal, the magnetic field of hall sensing magnet steel, and when magnet steel moved to the cooresponding position of Hall, magnetic field was the strongest, produced turn sign thus.CPU is according to turn sign, current feedback and angle back-to-back running control program.Control program mainly comprises machinery ring and electric current loop, and the machinery ring calculates current-order according to setting command and angle feedback, and electric current loop calculates the three phasevoltage dutycycle according to current-order and current feedback.The pwm signal generation module produces pwm signal according to the three phasevoltage dutycycle, passes to IPM.IPM produces three phasevoltage and gives AC servo motor according to pwm signal.

Difference with traditional AC servo in control is there is not coder, but has replaced coder with position detecting device, and angle derivation algorithm and control program all are to finish a MCU computing.A MCU is also arranged in traditional AC servo coder, be used for process angle relevant A/D sampling and operation angle derivation algorithm, and angle is sent to MCU in the controller by synchronous mouthful of communication, the interior MCU of controller is used to move control program.This patent is only finished original two work that MCU finishes with a MCU, has saved a MCU, has saved the line of correspondent peripheral circuit, coder and controller simultaneously, and therefore relative and traditional AC servo has reduced cost.

When the first windscreen wiper arm during towards the motion of the direction of Hall, magnet steel is near Hall, magnetic field strengthens, the induced voltage of Hall increases, when magnet steel when Hall is nearest, the induced voltage maximum of Hall, CPU detects the maximum voltage of Hall, produce turn sign thus, control motor inverted running, the first windscreen wiper arm is towards the direction motion away from Hall.

When the first windscreen wiper arm to away from the motion of the direction of Hall the time, servo-control unit carries out position control to AC servo motor, the number of turns that turns over of control motor, turn over the number of turns of appointment when motor after, the control motor rotates in the opposite direction, thereby makes the first windscreen wiper arm to the lateral movement that Hall is housed.By Hall, magnet steel and position control, realize the crank motion of the first windscreen wiper arm.The second windscreen wiper arm keeps being synchronized with the movement by first crank, synchronizing bar, second crank and the first windscreen wiper arm.

Wherein, the machinery ring calculates through control according to the angle feedback that angle is instructed and the angle derivation algorithm obtains, and calculates current-order, passes to electric current loop.The machinery ring of motorized valve control system comprises two position rings and a speed ring, the instruction of position ring output speed, the instruction of speed ring outgoing current.Turn sign also is the input of machinery ring, is used to control the direction that motor rotates.The effect of position ring is, when the first windscreen wiper arm to away from the direction motion of Hall the time, calculate the number of turns that motor turns over, turn over the number of turns of appointment when motor after, the control motor rotates in the opposite direction, thereby makes the first windscreen wiper arm to the lateral movement that Hall is housed.

The angle instruction is calculated for the instruction of control program setting or according to setting command.The angle position of position detecting device induction motor rotating shaft, and the voltage signal of induction passed to MCU obtains comprising the digital signal of angle information through A/D sampling, passes to the CPU in the MCU, and CPU operation angle derivation algorithm obtains the angle feedback.The angle instruction deducts the angle feedback, obtains angular error, by the PID controller angle is carried out PID control, obtains speed command, and the PID control of angle is called position ring, and what position ring was exported is speed command, passes to speed ring.The angle feedback obtains velocity feedback by differentiator, and speed command deducts velocity feedback, obtains speed course latitude error, by the PID controller speed is carried out PID control, obtains current-order I _{D_ref}, I _{Q_ref}The PID control of speed is called speed ring.Current-order is the output of speed ring, also is the output of machinery ring, machinery ring outgoing current instruction I _{D_ref}, I _{Q_ref}Give electric current loop.

Figure 14 shows the Principle of Synchronic Control figure of double-motor wiper.As shown in figure 14, the double-motor wiper comprises two AC servo, connects by data line between the servo-control unit of two AC servo, is used for data communication.MCU1 receives the voltage signal of hall sensing, and through the A/D sampling, and turn sign is found the solution and obtained turn sign.MCU1 receives setting command simultaneously, with setting command and turn sign, as the input of MCU1 machinery ring.Setting command and turn sign calculate angle instruction 2 through calculating, and pass to MCU2 by data line, as the input of MCU2 machinery ring.Servo-control unit 1 and servo-control unit 2 carry out position control to AC servo motor 1,2 respectively then, thereby guarantee two motor synchronous.

Next, describe employed position detecting device in the various embodiments described above in detail.

Figure 15 is that expression position detecting device of the present utility model is installed on the structure principle chart on the axle.Figure 16 is the three-dimensional exploded view of expression position detecting device of the present utility model.As Figure 15 and shown in Figure 16, position detecting device of the present utility model is made up of magnetic induction part plate 102, magnetic steel ring 103, magnetic guiding loop 104, skeleton 105; Magnetic induction part plate 102 is made up of pcb board and magnetic induction part 106, and connector 108 also is housed on the magnetic induction part plate 102.

Magnetic steel ring 103 is installed on the axle 107, and concerning the utility model, axle 107 is exactly the rotating shaft of servomotor, and magnetic guiding loop 104 is fixed on the skeleton 105, and skeleton 105 is fixed on the correct position of servomotor.When axle 107 rotated, magnetic steel ring 103 was rotated, and produces sinusoidal magnetic field, and 104 magnet accumulating caps of magnetic guiding loop, the magnetic flux that magnetic steel ring 103 produces is by magnetic guiding loop 104.Magnetic induction part 106 fixing on the pcb board converts the magnetic field by magnetic guiding loop 104 to voltage signal and output, and this voltage signal directly enters the master control board chip.By the master control chip on board voltage signal is handled, obtained the parallactic angle displacement at last.

Wherein, when making described position detecting device, magnetic guiding loop 104 is arranged on the skeleton forming mould, when described skeleton is one-body molded and skeleton 105 be fixed together.

Figure 17 and Figure 18 are that position detecting device of the present utility model is installed on the overall block diagram on the axle.Figure 19 is that magnetic steel ring is installed on the block diagram on the axle.Figure 20 is that magnetic guiding loop is installed on the block diagram on the skeleton.Figure 21 is the block diagram after magnetic guiding loop is taken off from skeleton.More than among each figure with Figure 15 and Figure 16 in identical parts indicate with same reference numerals.Magnetic guiding loop 104 is installed on the skeleton 105, and on magnetic steel ring 103 installation shaft 107, magnetic guiding loop 104 can relatively rotate with magnetic steel ring 103.The utility model can reduce the size of position detecting device by rationally arranging the layout of each parts.

Figure 22 A is example to Figure 22 D with the magnetic guiding loop that is made of 1/4 segmental arc and 3/4 segmental arc, illustrates the chamfer design of magnetic guiding loop of the present utility model.As Figure 22 A to shown in Figure 22 D, magnetic guiding loop is made of the segmental arc of two sections or the same radius of multistage, concentric, magnetic guiding loop shown in Figure 22 A does not design chamfering, Figure 22 B is provided with chamfering to the segmental arc end shown in Figure 22 D, described chamfering be vertically (Figure 22 B) or radially (Figure 22 C) or vertically simultaneously, the chamfering that forms of (Figure 22 D) cutting radially, axial slices 151,154, radial section 152,153.Leave the slit between adjacent two segmental arcs, magnetic induction part places in this slit, and when magnetic steel ring and magnetic guiding loop generation relative rotary motion, described magnetic induction part is converted to voltage signal with the magnetic signal that senses, and this voltage signal is transferred to corresponding controller.

According to magnetic Migong formula $B=\frac{\mathrm{\Φ}}{S}$ Can know, when φ is certain, can increase B by reducing S.

Because the magnetic flux that permanent magnet produces is certain, S is bigger in magnetic guiding loop, so B is smaller, therefore can reduce the heating that causes because of the magnetic field alternation.And can increase the magnetic-field intensity of end by reducing magnetic guiding loop end area, make the output signal of magnetic induction part strengthen.Such picking up signal structure manufacturing process is simple, and the signal noise of picking up is little, and productive costs is low, the reliability height, and also size is little.

Signal processor unit based on the position detecting device of said structure, comprise: A/D modular converter, synthesis module, angle acquisition module and memory module, wherein, the voltage signal that the A/D modular converter sends magnetic induction part in the position detecting device carries out the A/D conversion, with analog signal conversion is digital signal, corresponding to the number of magnetic induction part, have a plurality of A/D converters in this module, be respectively applied for the voltage signal that each magnetic induction part is sent and carry out the A/D conversion; Described synthesis module obtains reference signal D to handling through a plurality of voltage signals of A/D conversion; Described angle acquisition module according to this reference signal D, selects the angle relative with it as deviation angle θ in the angle storage list; Described memory module is used to store data.

Above-mentioned each module can constitute a MCU.

The embodiment one of position detecting device

This embodiment provides the position detecting device that is provided with two magnetic induction parts.

Figure 23 is the structural representation of the embodiment one of position detecting device.As shown in figure 23, magnetic guiding loop is made of two sections segmental arcs with radius, be respectively 1/4 segmental arc 111 and 3/4 segmental arc 112, position A and B are 90 ° at a distance of angle, and have slit, and two magnetic induction parts 109 and 110 are positioned over respectively in the slit at A and B place, adopting this structure to help reducing magnetic field reveals, improve the magnetic flow of magnetic induction part induction, and because the magnetic flux of magnetic surface induction is the integration in magnetic field, therefore have utilize reduce signal noise with signal in high order harmonic.On motor shaft, by two sections magnetic guiding loops and magnetic steel ring 113 concentric installations that constitute with the segmental arc 111,112 of radius.

Figure 24 is the block diagram of signal processor unit of the embodiment one of position detecting device, magnetic induction part H _1aAnd H _2aOutput signal connect the built-in A/D converter analog input mouth of MCU, behind analogue to digital conversion, obtain output signal and meet multiplier 20a, 21a, the output signal K of coefficient rectifier 5a connects the input end of multiplier 20a, 21a, the output signal of multiplier 20a, 21a engages the input end of the 3a that grows up to be a useful person, synthesizer 3a output signal D and R, coefficient rectifier 5a receives the signal D and the R of synthesizer 3a output, obtains signal K by computing, by making magnetic induction part H _1aAnd H _2aSignal and this signal K multiply each other, carry out temperature compensating with this, eliminate the influence of temperature to signal.Store an angle storage list among the memory device 40a, MCU selects the angle relative with it as deviation angle θ in the angle storage list according to signal D.

Wherein to Signal Processing, be that synthesizer 3a is to the Signal Processing principle: the size of the numerical value of two signals relatively, the signal D that is used to export that numerical value is little, the structure of signal D for first signal meet the position, second signal meet the position, than the value bit of the signal of fractional value }.With the present embodiment is example, is described as follows:

Agreement:

When data X was signed number, the 0th of data X (a two scale notation left side is played the 1st) be sign bit, and X_0=1 represents data X for bearing, and X_0=0 represents that data X is for just.

X_D represents the value bit (absolute values of data) of data X, promptly removes sign bit data left position.

If A_D＞=B D

D＝{A_0；B_0；B_D}

$R=\sqrt{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="A"\; filenames="Y2009201500390050H2.png,Y2009201500390061H1.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">A</figure-callout>}}^2+{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="B"\; filenames="Y2009201500390050H2.png,Y2009201500390061H1.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">B</figure-callout>}}^2};$

Otherwise:

D＝{A_0；B_0；A_D}

$R=\sqrt{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="A"\; filenames="Y2009201500390050H2.png,Y2009201500390061H1.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">A</figure-callout>}}^2+{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="B"\; filenames="Y2009201500390050H2.png,Y2009201500390061H1.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">B</figure-callout>}}^2}.$

Store a standard angle kilsyth basalt in memory module, wherein stored corresponding to a series of sign indicating number, each sign indicating number is corresponding to an angle.This table obtains by demarcation, calibration method is, utilize a detecting device and a high precision position sensor of originally executing example, carry out correspondence one by one with originally executing the signal of the magnetic induction part output in the example and the angle of this high precision position sensor output, set up out the signal of magnetic induction part output and the relation table between the angle with this.

In addition, in memory module, also store some data corrections, comprised a signal D and signal R in these tables ₀Corresponding tables, signal R wherein ₀For the signal of signal R under reference standard conditions, by synthesis module, promptly the signal D that obtains of synthesizer 3a can obtain a signal R by tabling look-up ₀, by with signal R ₀R compares with signal, as division arithmetic, obtains signal K.

The embodiment two of position detecting device

This embodiment provides the position detecting device that is provided with four magnetic induction parts.

Figure 25 is the structural representation of the embodiment two of position detecting device.As shown in figure 25, magnetic guiding loop is made of four sections 1/4 segmental arcs 118,119,120 and 121 with radius, A, and B, C, four position angles of D are divided into 90 ° successively mutually, and a slit is all arranged.4 magnetic induction parts 114,115,116 and 117 are positioned over slit A, B, C and D place respectively, adopting this structure to help reducing magnetic field reveals, improve the magnetic flow of magnetic induction part induction, and because the magnetic flux of magnetic surface induction is the integration in magnetic field, therefore have utilize reduce signal noise with signal in high order harmonic.Four sections 1/4 segmental arc 118,119,120 and 121 magnetic guiding loop and magnetic steel ring 122 that constitute with radius are installed with one heart.

Figure 26 is the block diagram of signal processor unit of the embodiment two of position detecting device.

This signal processor unit and embodiment one are similar, difference is, because 4 magnetic induction parts that are mutually 90 degree are arranged in the present embodiment, therefore, increased subtracter 20b, 21b on signal processor unit, promptly the digital differential module suppresses temperature and zero creep by this subtracter 20b, 21b, improve data precision with this, the signal of finally exporting to synthesizer 4b still is 2.

The embodiment three of position detecting device

This embodiment provides the position detecting device that is provided with three magnetic induction parts.

Figure 27 is the structural representation of the embodiment three of position detecting device.As shown in figure 27, magnetic guiding loop constitutes A by three sections 1/3 segmental arcs 126,127 and 128 with radius, B, three positions of C are successively at a distance of 120 °, and have a slit, and 3 magnetic induction parts 123,124 and 125 are placed on A respectively, B, C slit place adopts this structure to help reducing magnetic field and reveals, and improves the magnetic flow of sensor sensing, and because the magnetic flux of sensor surface induction is the integration in magnetic field, therefore have utilize reduce signal noise with signal in high order harmonic.Three sections 1/3 segmental arc 126,127 and 128 magnetic guiding loop and magnetic steel ring 129 that constitute with radius are installed with one heart.

Figure 28 is the block diagram of signal processor unit of the embodiment three of position detecting device.

Different with embodiment one is, magnetic induction part has three, and the signal of exporting to synthesizer 3c is three, and synthesizer 3c is different with embodiment one when processing signals, and all the other are identical with embodiment one.How processing signals of synthesizer 3c only is described here.

In the present embodiment, to Signal Processing, it is that synthesizer 3c is to the Signal Processing principle: the position that meets of judging three signals earlier, and relatively meet the size of the numerical value of the identical signal in position, the signal D that is used to export that numerical value is little, the structure of signal D for first signal meet the position, second signal meet the position, the 3rd signal meet the position, than the value bit of the signal of fractional value }.With the present embodiment is example:

Agreement:

When data X was signed number, the 0th of data X (a two scale notation left side is played the 1st) be sign bit, and X_0=1 represents data X for bearing, and X_0=0 represents that data X is for just.

X_D represents the value bit (absolute values of data) of data X, promptly removes sign bit data left position.

If { A_0; B_0; C_0}=010 and A_D＞=C_D

D＝{A_0；B_0；C_0；C_D}

If { A_0; B_0; C_0}=010 and A_D＜C_D

D＝{A_0；B_0；C_0；A_D}

If { A_0; B_0; C_0}=101 and A_D＞=C_D

D＝{A_0；B_0；C_0；C_D}

If { A_0; B_0; C_0}=101 and A_D＜C_D

D＝{A_0；B_0；C_0；A_D}

If { A_0; B_0; C_0}=011 and B_D＞=C_D

D＝{A_0；B_0；C_0；C_D}

If { A_0; B_0; C_0}=011 and B_D＜C_D

D＝{A_0；B_0；C_0；B_D}

If { A_0; B_0; C_0}=100 and B_D＞=C_D

D＝{A_0；B_0；C_0；C_D}

If { A_0; B_0; C_0}=100 and B_D＜C_D

D＝{A_0；B_0；C_0；B_D}

If { A_0; B_0; C_0}=001 and B_D＞=A_D

D＝{A_0；B_0；C_0；A_D}

If { A_0; B_0; C_0}=001 and B_D＜A_D

D＝{A_0；B_0；C_0；B_D}

If { A_0; B_0; C_0}=110 and B_D＞=A_D

D＝{A_0；B_0；C_0；A_D}

If { A_0; B_0; C_0}=110 and B_D＜A_D

D＝{A_0；B_0；C_0；B_D}

$\mathrm{\&alpha;}=A-B\&times;\cos \left(\frac{\mathrm{\&pi;}}{3}\right)-C\&times;\cos \left(\frac{\mathrm{\&pi;}}{3}\right)$

$\mathrm{\&beta;}=B\&times;\sin \left(\frac{\mathrm{\&pi;}}{3}\right)-C\&times;\sin \left(\frac{\mathrm{\&pi;}}{3}\right)$

$R=\sqrt{{\mathrm{\&alpha;}}^2+{\mathrm{\&beta;}}^2}$

The embodiment four of position detecting device

This embodiment provides the position detecting device that is provided with six magnetic induction parts.

Figure 29 is the structural representation of the embodiment four of position detecting device.As shown in figure 29, magnetic guiding loop is made of six sections 1/6 segmental arcs 136,137,138,139,140 and 141 with radius, A, B, C, D, E, six positions of F are successively at a distance of 60 °, and all have a slit, 6 magnetic induction parts 130,131,132,133,134 and 135 are placed on A respectively, B, C, D, E, F slit place adopts this structure to help reducing magnetic field and reveals, and improves the magnetic flow of sensor sensing, and because the magnetic flux of sensor surface induction is the integration in magnetic field, therefore have utilize reduce signal noise with signal in high order harmonic.On the unsupported mouth axle of motor permanent-magnetic clamp is housed, installs with one heart by six sections magnetic guiding loop and magnetic steel ring 142 that constitute with 1/6 segmental arc 136,137,138,139,140 and 141 of radius.

Figure 30 is the block diagram of signal processor unit of the embodiment four of position detecting device.Different with embodiment three is, magnetic induction part has six, therefore, subtracter 20d, 21d, 22d on signal processor unit, have been increased, suppress temperature and zero creep by this subtracter 20d, 21d, 22d, improve data precision with this, the signal of finally exporting to synthesizer 4d still is 3, and treating process is identical with embodiment three.

As Figure 31～shown in Figure 33, this position detecting device comprises rotor and rotor is enclosed within the in-to-in stator, rotor comprises the first magnetic steel ring 201a and the second magnetic steel ring 201b and the first magnetic guiding loop 205a and the second magnetic guiding loop 205b, the first magnetic steel ring 201a and the second magnetic steel ring 201b are separately fixed on the motor shaft 200, and wherein stator is a support 203.

As Figure 31 and shown in Figure 33, the first magnetic guiding loop 205a and the second magnetic guiding loop 205b leave the space respectively by a plurality of concentrics, constitute with the segmental arc of radius between adjacent two segmental arcs, are located at respectively in this space corresponding to the magnetic induction part 204 of two magnetic steel ring.Identical with described in the foregoing description of the magnetic guiding loop here.

Corresponding to the second magnetic steel ring 201b, with the center of the second magnetic steel ring 201b is that the same circumference in the center of circle is provided with n (n=1,2 ... n) individual well-distributed magnetic induction part, the magnetic pole magnetization of second magnetic steel ring make n magnetic induction original paper output be the Gray code form in proper order.The polarity of magnetic pole be Gray code the first place for " 0 " corresponding to " N/S " utmost point, the first place is that " 1 " is corresponding to " S/N " utmost point.

The first magnetic steel ring 201a is magnetized to g (value of g equals the magnetic pole sum in second magnetic steel ring) uniformly to the utmost point (the N utmost point and the S utmost point are alternately arranged), and when the magnetic pole in second magnetic steel ring add up to 6, the number of pole-pairs of the first magnetic steel ring 201a was 6 pairs.Center with the first magnetic steel ring 201a is on the same circumference in the center of circle, is provided with m magnetic induction part, as 2, and two magnetic induction part H ₁, H ₂Between angle be 90 °/6.The layout of magnetic induction part as shown in figure 41 when first magnetic steel ring was magnetized to 6 pairs of utmost points equably.When rotor during with respect to stator generation relative rotary motion, described magnetic induction part changes the magnetic signal that senses into voltage signal, and this voltage signal is exported to a signal processor unit.

Define that adjacent a pair of " N-S " is a signal period in first magnetic steel ring, therefore, arbitrary " N-S " cooresponding mechanical angle is 360 °/g (g is " N-S " number), suppose rotor t constantly anglec of rotation θ be positioned at n ^ThIn signal period, then this constantly angular displacement can think and constitute by two parts: 1. at n ^ThRelative displacement in signal period, magnetic induction part H ₁And H ₂Respond to the magnetic field of first magnetic steel ring and determine " N-S " side-play amount θ in the signal period at this ₁(value greater than 0 less than 360 °/g); 2. n ^ThThe absolute offset values θ that put the signal period first place ₂, usefulness sensor 1_3a, 1_4a ... the magnetic field of 1_na induction determines this moment, rotor was to be in which " N-S " to obtain θ actually ₂

Signal processor unit based on this position detecting device and principle comprises: A/D modular converter, relative displacement θ ₁Computing module, absolute offset values θ ₂Computing module and memory module.Its signal processing flow is shown in Figure 34-37, and the voltage signal that first magnetic steel ring in the position detecting device and second magnetic steel ring are sent carries out the A/D conversion, is digital signal with analog signal conversion; By relative displacement θ ₁Computing module carries out angle θ to first voltage signal corresponding to first magnetic steel ring that position detecting device sends ₁Find the solution, calculate the relative displacement θ of signal in the signal period of living in corresponding to first magnetic steel ring ₁By absolute offset values θ ₂Computing module carries out angle θ to first voltage signal corresponding to second magnetic steel ring that position detecting device sends ₂Find the solution, determine the absolute offset values θ that put the residing signal period first place of first voltage signal ₂Synthetic and output module is used for above-mentioned relative displacement θ as adder by angle ₁With absolute offset values θ ₂Addition, the anglec of rotation θ in this moment of the synthetic described first voltage signal representative.For Figure 35, be the signal amplification module that on the basis of Figure 34, increases, concrete as amplifier, be used for before the A/D modular converter carries out the A/D conversion, the voltage signal that comes from position detecting device being amplified.Figure 36 is the signal processing flow figure that comprises temperature compensating, is carrying out angle θ ₁Before finding the solution, also comprise the process of temperature compensating; Figure 37 is the detailed process based on the temperature compensating of Figure 36, when promptly carrying out temperature compensating, advanced row coefficient to correct, and the output of again signal and the coefficient of A/D converter output being corrected is then carried out temperature compensating by the concrete mode that multiplier multiplies each other.Certainly, the concrete mode of temperature compensating is a variety of in addition, does not just introduce one by one at this.

Relative displacement θ ₁Computing module comprises signal synthesis unit, first angle acquiring unit and the temperature compensation unit, and signal synthesis unit is handled the voltage signal through the A/D conversion that the diverse location detecting device sends, and obtains a reference signal D; The described first angle acquiring unit is according to this reference signal D, selects an angle relative with it as deviation angle θ in the first standard angle kilsyth basalt ₁Wherein, before obtaining reference signal D, earlier the signal that inputs to signal synthesis unit is carried out temperature compensating by temperature compensation unit, the signal behind the temperature compensating is handled obtaining signal D again.Processing described here will describe in detail in the back.Absolute offset values θ ₂Computing module comprises second synthesizer and the described second angle acquiring unit, be used for second voltage signal that the position detecting device corresponding to second magnetic steel ring sends is synthesized, obtain axle and turn over the signal period number, thereby determine the absolute offset values θ that put the residing signal period first place of first voltage signal ₂, specific implementation is that described second synthesizer synthesizes second voltage signal that the position detecting device corresponding to second magnetic steel ring sends, and obtains a signal E; The absolute offset values θ that the described second angle acquiring unit selects an angle relative with it to put as the residing signal period first place of first voltage signal in the second standard angle kilsyth basalt according to this signal E ₂

The embodiment five of position detecting device

In this embodiment, be provided with 3 magnetic induction parts, be provided with 2 magnetic induction parts corresponding to first magnetic steel ring corresponding to second magnetic steel ring.

Because the magnetic pole magnetization of second magnetic steel ring makes n magnetic induction original paper output be the Gray code form in proper order.The polarity of magnetic pole be Gray code the first place for " 0 " corresponding to " N/S " utmost point, the first place is that " 1 " is corresponding to " S/N " utmost point.Therefore, in the present embodiment,, obtain coding as shown in figure 38 at 3 o'clock, obtain 6 sign indicating numbers, promptly obtain 6 utmost points, magnetize order as shown in figure 39, carry out reading around individual magnetic induction part is uniform because n is.The position relation of the second magnetic guiding loop 205b, support 203 and magnetic induction part 204 as shown in figure 40.

Because the magnetic pole of second magnetic steel ring adds up to 6, therefore, first magnetic steel ring is magnetized to 6 pairs of utmost points uniformly, the arrangement plan of itself and 2 magnetic induction parts and magnetic order as shown in figure 41, the position of the first magnetic guiding loop 205a, support 203 and magnetic induction part 204 concerns as shown in figure 42.

Figure 43 show in the present embodiment corresponding to first magnetic steel ring be provided with 2 magnetic induction parts, the circuit block diagram of signal processor unit when second magnetic steel ring is provided with 3 magnetic induction parts.The output signal of sensor 1_1a and 1_2a meets amplifier 2_1a, 2_2a amplifies, meet A/D converter 3_1a then, 3_2a, behind analogue to digital conversion, obtain output signal and meet multiplier 4_1a, 5_1a, coefficient rectifier 10_1a output signal meets multiplier 4_1a, the input end of 5_1a, multiplier 4_1a, the output signal A of 5_1a, B connects the input end of the first synthesizer 6_1a, the first synthesizer 6_1a is to signal A, B handles, obtain signal D, R selects an angle relative with it as deviation angle θ in the standard angle kilsyth basalt of storing from memory device 8_1a according to signal D ₁Wherein, the output signal R of the first synthesizer 6_1a flows to coefficient rectifier 10_1a, and coefficient rectifier 10_1a tables look-up according to signal R with from memory device 9_1a and obtains signal R ₀Obtain signal K, this signal K is as another input end of multiplier 4_1a, 5_1a, obtains signal A, the B input as the first synthesizer 6_1a though divide to multiply each other with signal C1, C2 from amplifier 2_1a, 2_2a output.

Sensor 1_3a, 1_4a ... the output signal of 1_na connect respectively amplifier 2_3a, 2_4a ... 2_na amplifies, connect then A/D converter 3_3a, 3_4a ... 3_na carries out synthesizing by the second synthesizer 7_1a behind the analogue to digital conversion, obtains a signal E; According to the absolute offset values θ that selects an angle relative to put in the second standard angle kilsyth basalt of this signal E in memory device 11_1a as the residing signal period first place of first voltage signal with it ₂, θ ₁And θ ₂Export θ by the absolute angle displacement that adder 12_1a obtains measuring.

Wherein, the function of the second synthesizer 7_1a is, by to sensor 1_3a, 1_4a ... the signal of 1_na synthesizes, and obtains this moment rotor and is in which " N-S " in the signal period.

The processing of the second synthesizer 7_1a is: when data X was signed number, the 0th of data X (a two scale notation left side is played the 1st) be sign bit, and X_0=1 represents data X for bearing, and X_0=0 represents that data X is for just.Also, be output as X_0=0, otherwise be X_0=1 promptly when the magnetic field of induction when being N.

Then for present embodiment, E={C3_0; C4_0; Cn_0}.

Wherein, the first synthesizer 6_1a to Signal Processing is: the size of the numerical value of two signals relatively, the signal D that is used to export that numerical value is little, the structure of signal D for first signal meet the position, second signal meet the position, than the value bit of the signal of fractional value }.Specific as follows:

Here agreement (hereinafter each synthesizer all uses this agreement), when data X was signed number, the 0th of data X (a two scale notation left side is played the 1st) be sign bit, and X_0=1 represents data X for bearing, and X_0=0 represents that data X is for just.X_D represents the value bit (absolute values of data) of data X, promptly removes the remaining data bit of sign bit.

If A_D＞=B_D

D＝{A_0；B_0；B_D}

$R=\sqrt{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="A"\; filenames="Y2009201500390050H2.png,Y2009201500390061H1.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">A</figure-callout>}}^2+{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="B"\; filenames="Y2009201500390050H2.png,Y2009201500390061H1.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">B</figure-callout>}}^2};$

Otherwise:

D＝{A_0；B_0；A_D}

$R=\sqrt{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="A"\; filenames="Y2009201500390050H2.png,Y2009201500390061H1.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">A</figure-callout>}}^2+{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="B"\; filenames="Y2009201500390050H2.png,Y2009201500390061H1.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">B</figure-callout>}}^2};$

Signal K generally is by with signal R ₀Carrying out division arithmetic with R obtains.

For first and second standard angle kilsyth basalt, in memory device, stored two tables, each table is corresponding to a series of sign indicating number, and each sign indicating number is corresponding to an angle.This table obtains by demarcation, calibration method is, utilize a detecting device and a high precision position sensor of originally executing example, carry out correspondence one by one with originally executing the signal of the magnetic induction part output in the example and the angle of this high precision position sensor output, set up out the signal of magnetic induction part output and the relation table between the angle with this.Just, stored one first standard angle kilsyth basalt corresponding to signal D, each signal D represents a relative displacement θ ₁Corresponding to signal E, stored one second standard angle kilsyth basalt, each signal E represents an absolute offset values θ ₂

The embodiment six of position detecting device

Different with embodiment five, in the present embodiment, be provided with 4 magnetic induction parts, four magnetic induction part H corresponding to first magnetic steel ring ₁, H ₂, H ₃, H ₄Between angle be 90 °/6, the first magnetic guiding loop 205a, support 203 and magnetic induction part 204 structural relation as shown in figure 44.

The circuit block diagram of signal processor unit when Figure 45 shows and is provided with 4 magnetic induction parts corresponding to first magnetic steel ring.The output signal of sensor 1_1c and 1_2c meets amplifying circuit 2_1c and carries out differential amplification, the output signal of sensor 1_3c and 1_4c meets amplifying circuit 2_2c and carries out differential amplification, meet A/D converter 3_1c, 3_2c then, subsequent treatment is similar to the situation when being provided with 2 magnetic induction parts.

Wherein, the function of the second synthesizer 7_1c is, by to sensor 1_5c, 1_6c ... the signal of 1_nc synthesizes, and obtains this moment rotor and is in which " N-S " in the signal period.

The embodiment seven of position detecting device

What present embodiment was different with embodiment five and six is to be provided with 204, three magnetic induction part H of 3 magnetic induction parts corresponding to first magnetic steel ring ₁, H ₂, H ₃Between angle be 120 °/6, as shown in figure 46.

The circuit block diagram of signal processor unit when Figure 47 shows and is provided with 3 magnetic induction parts corresponding to first magnetic steel ring.Treating process and preceding two embodiment are basic identical, and different is that because the incoming signal of the first synthesizer 7_1b is 3, therefore, the processing of signal D, R is slightly different with preceding two embodiment.In the present embodiment, the first synthesizer 7_1b to the Signal Processing principle is: the position that meets of judging three signals earlier, and relatively meet the size of the numerical value of the identical signal in position, the signal D that is used to export that numerical value is little, the structure of signal D for first signal meet the position, second signal meet the position, the 3rd signal meet the position, than the value bit of the signal of fractional value }.With the present embodiment is example:

Agreement:

When data X was signed number, the 0th of data X (a two scale notation left side is played the 1st) be sign bit, and X_0=1 represents data X for bearing, and X_0=0 represents that data X is for just.

X_D represents the value bit (absolute values of data) of data X, promptly removes sign bit data left position.

If { A_0; B 0; C_0}=010 and A_D＞=C_D

D＝{A_0；B_0；C_0；C_D}

If { A_0; B_0; C_0}=010 and A_D＜C_D

D＝{A_0；B_0；C_0；A_D}；

If { A_0; B_0; C_0}=101 and A_D＞=C_D

D＝{A_0；B_0；C_0；C_D}；

If { A_0; B_0; C_0}=101 and A_D＜C_D

D＝{A_0；B_0；C_0；A_D}；

If { A_0; B_0; C_0}=011 and B_D＞=C_D

D＝{A_0；B_0；C_0；C_D}；

If { A_0; B_0; C_0}=011 and B_D＜C_D

D＝{A_0；B_0；C_0；B_D}；

If { A_0; B_0; C_0}=100 and B_D＞=C_D

D＝{A_0；B_0；C_0；C_D}；

If { A_0; B_0; C_0}=100 and B_D＜C_D

D＝{A_0；B_0；C_0；B_D}；

If { A_0; B_0; C_0}=001 and B_D＞=A_D

D＝{A_0；B_0；C_0；A_D}；

If { A_0; B_0; C_0}=001 and B_D＜A_D

D＝{A_0；B_0；C_0；B_D}；

If { A_0; B_0; C_0}=110 and B_D＞=A_D

D＝{A_0；B_0；C_0；A_D}；

If { A_0; B_0; C_0}=110 and B D＜A_D

D＝{A_0；B_0；C_0；B_D}；

$\mathrm{\&alpha;}=A-B\&times;\cos \left(\frac{\mathrm{\&pi;}}{3}\right)-C\&times;\cos \left(\frac{\mathrm{\&pi;}}{3}\right)$

$\mathrm{\&beta;}=B\&times;\sin \left(\frac{\mathrm{\&pi;}}{3}\right)-C\&times;\sin \left(\frac{\mathrm{\&pi;}}{3}\right)$

$R=\sqrt{{\mathrm{\&alpha;}}^2+{\mathrm{\&beta;}}^2}$

$K=\frac{R_0}{R}$

The embodiment eight of position detecting device

Present embodiment is different with embodiment seven, is provided with 6 magnetic induction parts corresponding to first magnetic steel ring, the angle between six magnetic induction parts 204 be 60 °/6, the first magnetic guiding loop 205a, support 203 and magnetic induction part 204 structural relation as shown in figure 48.

The circuit block diagram of signal processor unit when Figure 49 shows and is provided with 6 magnetic induction parts corresponding to first magnetic steel ring.Its detailed process illustrates at first three embodiment, in this no longer repeat specification.

Figure 50 is the three-dimensional exploded view of another kind of structure of the embodiment five to embodiment eight of position detecting device.This position detecting device comprises rotor and rotor is enclosed within the in-to-in stator, and rotor comprises the first magnetic steel ring 201a and the second magnetic steel ring 201b, and the first magnetic steel ring 201a and the second magnetic steel ring 201b are separately fixed on the motor shaft 200, and wherein stator is a support 203.Magnetic induction part 204 direct Surface Mounts are at the inside face of support 203.

Similar with embodiment five to eight, first magnetic steel ring in the position detecting device among Figure 50 can be provided with 2,4,3,6 magnetic induction parts.Signal processor unit based on the position detecting device of the magnetic induction part of different numbers is identical with embodiment five to eight respectively.

The embodiment nine of position detecting device

Figure 51 A, 51B and 51C are respectively three-dimensional exploded view, scheme drawing and the constructionals drawing that is provided with the position detecting device structure of magnetic guiding loop.Shown in Figure 51 A, 51B and 51C, this position detecting device is made up of magnetic steel ring 302, magnetic steel ring 303, magnetic guiding loop 304, magnetic guiding loop 305, support 306 and a plurality of magnetic induction part.Particularly, the diameter of magnetic steel ring 302,303 is less than the diameter of magnetic guiding loop 304,305, thereby magnetic guiding loop 304,305 is set in magnetic steel ring 302,303 outsides respectively, magnetic steel ring 302,303 is fixed in the rotating shaft 301, and magnetic guiding loop 304,305 and magnetic steel ring 302,303 can relatively rotate, thereby a plurality of sensor elements 307 that are arranged on support 306 inside faces are in the space of magnetic steel ring.

Figure 51 C be will be provided with the plane structure chart of each unit construction after together of position detecting device of magnetic guiding loop, from Figure 51 C as can be seen magnetic steel ring 302, magnetic steel ring 303 be arranged in parallel in the axle 301 on, be respectively equipped with two row magnetic induction parts 308 and 309 corresponding to magnetic steel ring 302, magnetic steel ring 303.Here for hereinafter explanation is convenient, with the first row magnetic induction part is that a plurality of magnetic induction parts of corresponding magnetic steel ring 302 and magnetic guiding loop 304 all use magnetic induction part 308 to represent, and is that a plurality of magnetic induction parts of corresponding magnetic steel ring 303 and magnetic guiding loop 305 all use magnetic induction part 309 to represent with the secondary series magnetic induction part.For convenience of description, here magnetic steel ring 302 is defined as first magnetic steel ring, magnetic steel ring 303 is defined as second magnetic steel ring, magnetic guiding loop 304 is defined as corresponding to first magnetic steel ring, magnetic guiding loop 305 is defined as corresponding to second magnetic steel ring, yet the utility model is not limited to above-mentioned qualification.

Identical with described in the foregoing description of the magnetic guiding loop here.

First magnetic steel ring 302 is evenly geomagnetic into N (N＜=2 ⁿ(n=0,1,2 ... n)) to magnetic pole, and the polarity of two neighboring pole is opposite, and the magnetic pole of second magnetic steel ring adds up to N, and its magnetic order is determined according to the magnetic order algorithm; On support 306,, be that the same circumference in the center of circle is provided with the individual magnetic induction part 308 that distributes at an angle of m (m is 2 or 3 integral multiple) with the center of first magnetic steel ring 302 corresponding to first magnetic steel ring 302; Corresponding to second magnetic steel ring 303, be that the same circumference in the center of circle is provided with n (n=0,1,2 with the center of second magnetic steel ring 303 ... n) the individual magnetic induction part 309 that is 360 °/N angle distribution.The others of this embodiment all are similar to embodiment five to embodiment eight, repeat no more here.

It should be noted that at last: above embodiment is only unrestricted in order to the explanation the technical solution of the utility model.Although the utility model is had been described in detail with reference to the foregoing description, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that, still can make amendment and be equal to replacement the technical solution of the utility model, and not breaking away from the spirit and scope of the technical program, it all should be encompassed in the middle of the claim scope of the present utility model.

Claims (42)

1, a kind of electric windshield wiper of automobile, comprise first servomotor and the first windscreen wiper arm, the output of first servomotor links to each other with the first windscreen wiper axle by first coupler, the first windscreen wiper axle is provided with the first windscreen wiper arm, and the first windscreen wiper arm is swung with the rotation of the first windscreen wiper axle, it is characterized in that the motor shaft of described servomotor is provided with the primary importance detecting device; The described first windscreen wiper arm is provided with magnet steel, correspondence position at automobile is provided with magnetic induction part, described primary importance detecting device and magnetic induction part are exported to first servo-control unit with detected position signal, and first servo-control unit is controlled first servomotor and driven first oscillating wiper arm.

2, electric windshield wiper of automobile as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, also be connected with the retarder and second coupler in turn between described first coupler and the first windscreen wiper axle, first coupler links to each other with the driving link of retarder, and the driven member of retarder links to each other with the first windscreen wiper axle by second coupler.

3, as claim 1 or 2 each described electric windshield wiper of automobile, it is characterized in that, be arranged with first crank on the described first windscreen wiper axle, first crank links to each other with second crank by synchronizing bar, second crank is provided with the second windscreen wiper axle, and the described second windscreen wiper axle rotates and drive second oscillating wiper arm fixed thereon.

4, electric windshield wiper of automobile as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that, described retarder is worm type of reduction gearing or cylinder gear speed reducer or cone gear reducer or epicyclic reduction gear or its combination.

5, electric windshield wiper of automobile as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, also comprise second servomotor and the second windscreen wiper arm, the motor shaft of described second servomotor is provided with second place detecting device, second place detecting device is exported to second servo-control unit with detected position signal, and second servo-control unit links to each other with described first servo-control unit; Described primary importance detecting device and magnetic induction part are exported to first servo-control unit with detected position signal, and first servo-control unit is exported to second servo-control unit with described position signal and controlled second servomotor and drive second oscillating wiper arm.

6, as claim 1 or 2 or 4 or 5 each described electric windshield wiper of automobile, it is characterized in that described primary importance detecting device, first servo-control unit and first servomotor are wholely set; Described second place detecting device, second servo-control unit and second servomotor are wholely set.

As claim 6 a described electric windshield wiper of automobile, it is characterized in that 7, described first servomotor, second servomotor are preferably AC servo motor.

8, as claim 1,2,4,5 or 7 arbitrary described electric windshield wiper of automobile, it is characterized in that, described servo-control unit comprises data processing unit, electric-motor drive unit and current sensor, described data processing unit receives the command signal of input, the information of the representative motor angle of motor input current signal that current sensor is gathered and position detecting device output, through data handing, the output control signal is given described electric-motor drive unit, described electric-motor drive unit is given servomotor according to the suitable voltage of described control signal output, thereby realizes the accuracy control to servomotor.

9, electric windshield wiper of automobile as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that, described servo-control unit comprises data processing unit, electric-motor drive unit and current sensor, described data processing unit receives the command signal of input, the information of the representative motor angle of motor input current signal that current sensor is gathered and position detecting device output, through data handing, the output control signal is given described electric-motor drive unit, described electric-motor drive unit is given servomotor according to the suitable voltage of described control signal output, thereby realizes the accuracy control to servomotor.

10, electric windshield wiper of automobile as claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that, described servo-control unit comprises data processing unit, electric-motor drive unit and current sensor, described data processing unit receives the command signal of input, the information of the representative motor angle of motor input current signal that current sensor is gathered and position detecting device output, through data handing, the output control signal is given described electric-motor drive unit, described electric-motor drive unit is given servomotor according to the suitable voltage of described control signal output, thereby realizes the accuracy control to servomotor.

11, electric windshield wiper of automobile as claimed in claim 8 is characterized in that, described data processing unit comprises machinery ring control subelement, current loop control subelement, pwm control signal produces subelement and sensor signal is handled subelement;

Described sensor signal is handled the information that subelement receives the representative motor angle of described position detecting device output, and the angle of motor is transferred to described machinery ring control subelement; Described sensor signal is handled the detected current signal that subelement also receives described current sensor, through exporting to described current loop control subelement after the A/D sampling;

Described machinery ring control subelement obtains current-order through computing, and exports to described current loop control subelement according to the command signal that receives and the rotational angle of motor shaft;

Described current loop control subelement obtains the duty cycle control signal of three phasevoltage according to the current signal of the current sensor output of the current-order that receives through computing, and exports to described pwm control signal generation subelement;

Described pwm control signal produces the duty cycle control signal of subelement according to the three phasevoltage that receives, and generates six road pwm signals with a definite sequence, acts on electric-motor drive unit respectively.

12, electric windshield wiper of automobile as claimed in claim 9 is characterized in that, described data processing unit comprises machinery ring control subelement, current loop control subelement, pwm control signal produces subelement and sensor signal is handled subelement;

Described sensor signal is handled the information that subelement receives the representative motor angle of described position detecting device output, and the angle of motor is transferred to described machinery ring control subelement; Described sensor signal is handled the detected current signal that subelement also receives described current sensor, through exporting to described current loop control subelement after the A/D sampling;

Described machinery ring control subelement obtains current-order through computing, and exports to described current loop control subelement according to the command signal that receives and the rotational angle of motor shaft;

Described current loop control subelement obtains the duty cycle control signal of three phasevoltage according to the current signal of the current sensor output of the current-order that receives through computing, and exports to described pwm control signal generation subelement;

Described pwm control signal produces the duty cycle control signal of subelement according to the three phasevoltage that receives, and generates six road pwm signals with a definite sequence, acts on electric-motor drive unit respectively.

13, electric windshield wiper of automobile as claimed in claim 10 is characterized in that, described data processing unit comprises machinery ring control subelement, current loop control subelement, pwm control signal produces subelement and sensor signal is handled subelement;

Described sensor signal is handled the information that subelement receives the representative motor angle of described position detecting device output, and the angle of motor is transferred to described machinery ring control subelement; Described sensor signal is handled the detected current signal that subelement also receives described current sensor, through exporting to described current loop control subelement after the A/D sampling;

Described machinery ring control subelement obtains current-order through computing, and exports to described current loop control subelement according to the command signal that receives and the rotational angle of motor shaft;

Described current loop control subelement obtains the duty cycle control signal of three phasevoltage according to the current signal of the current sensor output of the current-order that receives through computing, and exports to described pwm control signal generation subelement;

Described pwm control signal produces the duty cycle control signal of subelement according to the three phasevoltage that receives, and generates six road pwm signals with a definite sequence, acts on electric-motor drive unit respectively.

14, electric windshield wiper of automobile as claimed in claim 8, it is characterized in that, described electric-motor drive unit comprises six power switch pipes, per two of described switching valve is connected into one group, three groups are connected in parallel between the direct current supply line, the control that each control end of switching tube is subjected to pwm control signal to produce the pwm signal of subelement output, two switching valve timesharing conductings in each group.

15, as claim 9 or 10 each described electric windshield wiper of automobile, it is characterized in that, described electric-motor drive unit comprises six power switch pipes, per two of described switching valve is connected into one group, three groups are connected in parallel between the direct current supply line, the control that each control end of switching tube is subjected to pwm control signal to produce the pwm signal of subelement output, two switching valve timesharing conductings in each group.

16, electric windshield wiper of automobile as claimed in claim 8 is characterized in that, described data processing unit is MCU, and described electric-motor drive unit is the IPM module.

17, as claim 9 or 10 each described electric windshield wiper of automobile, it is characterized in that described data processing unit is MCU, described electric-motor drive unit is the IPM module.

18, as claim 11,12 or 13 each described electric windshield wiper of automobile, it is characterized in that, described primary importance detecting device, second place detecting device, comprise magnetic steel ring, magnetic guiding loop and magnetic induction part, it is characterized in that, described magnetic guiding loop is by two sections or the same radius of multistage, the segmental arc of concentric constitutes, adjacent two segmental arcs leave the slit, described magnetic induction part places in this slit, when magnetic steel ring and magnetic guiding loop generation relative rotary motion, described magnetic induction part is converted to voltage signal with the magnetic signal that senses, and this voltage signal is transferred to the corresponding signal process device.

19, electric windshield wiper of automobile as claimed in claim 18 is characterized in that, described magnetic guiding loop is made of the segmental arc of two sections same radiuses, concentric, is respectively 1/4 segmental arc and 3/4 segmental arc, and cooresponding magnetic induction part is 2; Perhaps, described magnetic guiding loop is made of three sections segmental arcs with radius, is respectively 1/3 segmental arc, and cooresponding magnetic induction part is 3; Perhaps, described magnetic guiding loop is made of four sections segmental arcs with radius, is respectively 1/4 segmental arc, and cooresponding magnetic induction part is 4; Perhaps, described magnetic guiding loop is made of six sections segmental arcs with radius, is respectively 1/6 segmental arc, and cooresponding magnetic induction part is 6.

20, electric windshield wiper of automobile as claimed in claim 19 is characterized in that, the segmental arc end of described magnetic guiding loop is provided with chamfering, for vertically or radially or vertically simultaneously, the chamfering that forms of radial cutting.

21, electric windshield wiper of automobile as claimed in claim 18 is characterized in that, also comprises skeleton, is used for fixing described magnetic guiding loop; Described magnetic guiding loop is arranged on the skeleton forming mould, when described skeleton is one-body molded and skeletal fixation together.

22, electric windshield wiper of automobile as claimed in claim 18, it is characterized in that, described sensor signal is handled the signal processing circuit that comprises position detecting device in subelement or the position detecting device, be used for obtaining the rotational angle of motor shaft, specifically comprise according to the voltage signal of described position detecting device:

The A/D change-over circuit, the voltage signal that magnetic induction part in the position detecting device is sent carries out the A/D conversion, is digital signal with analog signal conversion;

Combiner circuit, a plurality of voltage signals that the process A/D that position detecting device is sent changes are handled and are obtained reference signal D;

The angle acquisition cuicuit according to this reference signal D, selects the angle relative with it as deviation angle θ in the standard angle kilsyth basalt; And

Memory circuit is used for storage standards angle table.

23, as claim 11,12 or 13 each described electric windshield wiper of automobile, it is characterized in that, described primary importance detecting device, second place detecting device comprise rotor and rotor are enclosed within the in-to-in stator that described rotor comprises first magnetic steel ring, second magnetic steel ring;

Wherein, described first magnetic steel ring and second magnetic steel ring are separately fixed on the motor shaft;

On stator, corresponding to second magnetic steel ring, with the center of second magnetic steel ring is that the same circumference in the center of circle is provided with n (n=1,2 ... n) individual well-distributed magnetic induction part, the magnetic pole magnetization of described second magnetic steel ring makes n magnetic induction part output be the Gray code form in proper order, and adjacent two outputs have only a variation;

On stator, corresponding to first magnetic steel ring, with the center of first magnetic steel ring is that the same circumference in the center of circle is provided with the individual magnetic induction part that distributes at an angle of m (m is 2 or 3 integral multiple), the total logarithm of the magnetic pole of described first magnetic steel ring equates with the magnetic pole sum of second magnetic steel ring, and the polarity of two neighboring pole is opposite;

When rotor during with respect to stator generation relative rotary motion, described magnetic induction part changes the magnetic signal that senses into voltage signal, and this voltage signal is exported to a signal processor unit.

24, electric windshield wiper of automobile as claimed in claim 23 is characterized in that, on the stator corresponding to the angle between adjacent two magnetic induction parts of first magnetic steel ring, when m was 2 or 4, this angle was 90 °/g; When m was 3, this angle was 120 °/g; When m was 6, this angle was 60 °/g, and wherein, g is the magnetic pole sum of second magnetic steel ring.

25, as claim 11,12 or 13 each described electric windshield wiper of automobile, it is characterized in that, described primary importance detecting device, second place detecting device comprise rotor and rotor are enclosed within the in-to-in stator that described rotor comprises first magnetic steel ring, second magnetic steel ring;

Wherein, described first magnetic steel ring and second magnetic steel ring are separately fixed in the rotating shaft, and described first magnetic steel ring is evenly geomagnetic into N[N＜=2 ⁿ(n=0,1,2 ... n)] to magnetic pole, and the polarity of two neighboring pole is opposite; The magnetic pole of described second magnetic steel ring adds up to N, and its magnetic order is determined according to the specific magnetic sequence algorithm;

On stator,, be that the same circumference in the center of circle is provided with the individual magnetic induction part that distributes at an angle of m (m is 2 or 3 integral multiple) with the center of first magnetic steel ring corresponding to first magnetic steel ring; Corresponding to second magnetic steel ring, be that the same circumference in the center of circle is provided with n (n=0,1,2 with the center of second magnetic steel ring ... n) the individual magnetic induction part that distributes at an angle;

When rotor during with respect to stator generation relative rotary motion, described magnetic induction part changes the magnetic signal that senses into voltage signal, and this voltage signal is exported to a signal processor unit.

26, electric windshield wiper of automobile as claimed in claim 25 is characterized in that, is being 360 °/N corresponding to the angle between adjacent two magnetic induction parts of second magnetic steel ring on the stator.

27, electric windshield wiper of automobile as claimed in claim 25, it is characterized in that, on the stator corresponding to first magnetic steel ring angle between adjacent two magnetic induction parts, when m is 2 or 4, angle between every adjacent two magnetic induction parts is 90 °/N, when m was 3, the angle between every adjacent two magnetic induction parts was 120 °/N; When m was 6, the angle between every adjacent two magnetic induction parts was 60 °/N.

28, electric windshield wiper of automobile as claimed in claim 23 is characterized in that, the direct Surface Mount of described magnetic induction part is in inner surface of stator.

29, electric windshield wiper of automobile as claimed in claim 25 is characterized in that, the direct Surface Mount of described magnetic induction part is in inner surface of stator.

30, electric windshield wiper of automobile as claimed in claim 23, it is characterized in that, also comprise two magnetic guiding loops, each described magnetic guiding loop is by a plurality of concentrics, constitutes with the segmental arc of radius, adjacent two segmental arcs leave the space, are located at respectively in this space corresponding to the magnetic induction part of two magnetic steel ring.

31, electric windshield wiper of automobile as claimed in claim 25, it is characterized in that, also comprise two magnetic guiding loops, each described magnetic guiding loop is by a plurality of concentrics, constitutes with the segmental arc of radius, adjacent two segmental arcs leave the space, are located at respectively in this space corresponding to the magnetic induction part of two magnetic steel ring.

32, electric windshield wiper of automobile as claimed in claim 30 is characterized in that, the segmental arc end of described magnetic guiding loop is provided with chamfering, for vertically or radially or vertically simultaneously, the chamfering that forms of radial cutting.

33, electric windshield wiper of automobile as claimed in claim 18 is characterized in that, described magnetic induction part is the hall sensing element.

34, electric windshield wiper of automobile as claimed in claim 23 is characterized in that, described magnetic induction part is the hall sensing element.

35, electric windshield wiper of automobile as claimed in claim 25 is characterized in that, described magnetic induction part is the hall sensing element.

36, electric windshield wiper of automobile as claimed in claim 23, it is characterized in that, described sensor signal is handled the signal processing circuit that comprises position detecting device in subelement or the position detecting device, be used for obtaining the rotational angle of motor shaft, specifically comprise according to the voltage signal of described position detecting device:

The A/D change-over circuit, the voltage signal that position detecting device is sent carries out the A/D conversion, is digital signal with analog signal conversion;

Relativity shift angle θ ₁Computing circuit is used for the relative displacement θ of first voltage signal in the signal period of living in that the calculating location detecting device sends corresponding to the magnetic induction part of first magnetic steel ring ₁

Absolute offset values θ ₂Computing circuit according to second voltage signal that sends corresponding to the magnetic induction part of second magnetic steel ring in the position detecting device, is determined the absolute offset values θ that put the residing signal period first place of first voltage signal by calculating ₂

Synthetic and the output module of angle is used for above-mentioned relative displacement θ ₁With absolute offset values θ ₂Addition, the anglec of rotation θ in this moment of the synthetic described first voltage signal representative;

Memory module is used to store data.

37, electric windshield wiper of automobile as claimed in claim 25, it is characterized in that, described sensor signal is handled the signal processing circuit that comprises position detecting device in subelement or the position detecting device, be used for obtaining the rotational angle of motor shaft, specifically comprise according to the voltage signal of described position detecting device:

The A/D change-over circuit, the voltage signal that position detecting device is sent carries out the A/D conversion, is digital signal with analog signal conversion;

Relativity shift angle θ ₁Computing circuit is used for the relative displacement θ of first voltage signal in the signal period of living in that the calculating location detecting device sends corresponding to the magnetic induction part of first magnetic steel ring ₁

Absolute offset values θ ₂Computing circuit according to second voltage signal that sends corresponding to the magnetic induction part of second magnetic steel ring in the position detecting device, is determined the absolute offset values θ that put the residing signal period first place of first voltage signal by calculating ₂

Synthetic and the output module of angle is used for above-mentioned relative displacement θ ₁With absolute offset values θ ₂Addition, the anglec of rotation θ in this moment of the synthetic described first voltage signal representative;

Memory module is used to store data.

38, as claim 36 or 37 each described electric windshield wiper of automobile, it is characterized in that, also comprise:

Signal amplification circuit is used for before the A/D change-over circuit carries out the A/D conversion voltage signal that comes from magnetoelectric sensor being amplified.

39, as claim 36 or 37 each described electric windshield wiper of automobile, it is characterized in that described relativity shift angle θ ₁Computing circuit comprises first combiner circuit and the first angle acquisition cuicuit, and described first combiner circuit is handled a plurality of voltage signals through the A/D conversion that position detecting device sends, and obtains a reference signal D; The described first angle acquisition cuicuit is according to this reference signal D, selects an angle relative with it as deviation angle θ in the first standard standard angle kilsyth basalt ₁

40, as claim 36 or 37 each described electric windshield wiper of automobile, it is characterized in that described relativity shift angle θ ₁In the computing circuit or before combiner circuit, also comprise temperature-compensation circuit, be used to eliminate the influence of the voltage signal that temperature sends magnetoelectric sensor.

41, electric windshield wiper of automobile as claimed in claim 39 is characterized in that, the output of described combiner circuit or described first combiner circuit also comprises signal R;

Described temperature compensation unit comprises coefficient rectifier and multiplier, and described coefficient rectifier is to the signal R of the output of described synthesis module with to the signal R under should the reference standard conditions of signal ₀Compare and obtain output signal K; Described multiplier is a plurality of, and the voltage signal that each described multiplier will send from position detecting device, that process A/D changes and the output signal K of described coefficient rectification module multiply each other, and the result after will multiplying each other exports to first combiner circuit.

42, according to claim 36 or 37 each described electric windshield wiper of automobile, it is characterized in that described absolute offset values θ ₂Computing circuit comprises second combiner circuit and the second angle acquisition cuicuit, and described second combiner circuit is used for second voltage signal that the position detecting device corresponding to second magnetic steel ring sends is synthesized, and obtains a signal E; The absolute offset values θ that the described second angle acquisition cuicuit selects an angle relative with it to put as the residing signal period first place of first voltage signal in the second standard angle kilsyth basalt according to this signal E ₂

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