CN201403037Y - Tangential-set magnet double salient hybrid excitation motor - Google Patents

Abstract

A tangential-set magnet double salient hybrid excitation motor belongs to a double salient hybrid excitation motor. The tangential-set magnet double salient hybrid excitation motor structurally comprises a stator and a rotor, wherein the stator consists of a stator N-pole iron core (2), a stator S-pole iron core (4), a tangential magnetizing permanent magnet (3), an exciting winding (1) and an armature winding (6), and the rotor is equipped with a rotating shaft (8) and consists of a salient pole rotor. The above structures are all arranged inside a motor casing (7). Compared with the prior art, the tangential-set magnet double salient hybrid excitation motor does not have additional air gaps, and a permanent magnetic circuit and an electrical excitation magnetic circuit act on different poles, thereby having low magnetic leakage and high electrical excitation efficiency, and achieving the best application and energy saving effect. The motor is in a week magnetic state when not havingexcitation current, thereby avoiding a danger that permanent magnetic steel is demagnetized when a common permanent magnetic motor is in week magnetic state. The tangential-set magnet double salient hybrid excitation motor is suitable for an adjustable voltage generator and a wide adjustable speed electric motor.

Description

Tangential magnetic steel double-convex pole hybrid excitation motor

Technical field

The tangential magnetic steel double-convex pole hybrid excitation motor that the utility model relates to belongs to a kind of double-convex pole hybrid excitation motor.

Background technology

The Ba Lagunuofu of Moscow aeronautical engineering institute professor proposed the structure of magnetic potential mixed excitation synchronous generator in parallel in 1988.Stator is identical with common synchronous machine, and rotor is divided into two parts, and a part is a permanent magnet excitation, and another part is electric excitation.This motor characteristic feature: electric excitation division is divided into claw-pole structure, and additional air gap is many, axial magnetic circuit, and leakage field is big, and electric excitation function is restricted.

Japan doctor T.Mizuno etc. has proposed axial/radial magnetic circuit mixed excitation synchronous generator.The stator armature winding of this motor is common three-phase symmetric winding, stator core is divided into two sections by stator ring DC excitation winding, this two iron legs heart mechanically with on the magnetic is connected by its outer back of the body yoke (machine that is used for axial magnetic conduction is bright): rotor is separated into two parts also: N is extreme and S is extreme, every interpole that is extremely formed by same polarity permanent-magnet pole and iron core is staggered, and the N at two ends, S permanent-magnet pole and interpole also are staggered.One solid flux sleeve letter (rotor back of the body yoke) is arranged between rotor core and rotating shaft, be used for the axial magnetic conduction of rotor.This motor characteristic feature: additional air gap is many, but is fixing air gap: have the axial/radial magnetic circuit, electric machine structure optimization is tied.

Professor Lipo of Wisconsin-Madison university waits and has proposed a kind of axial magnetic field consequent pole mixed excitation electric machine structure.It by the annular stator core of two flutings (wherein be embedded with the polyphase armature winding 〉, two disk rotors, a DC excitation winding constitute.At the rotor surface interpole that permanent-magnet pole and iron core form that is being staggered.This motor adds that the stator and rotor iron core all is divided into two sections owing to adopted interpole, and additional air gap is many, and power density and stock utilization are difficult to improve.

Also have a kind of double-convex pole hybrid excitation motor, it is to develop to come out on the basis of doubly salient permanent magnet motor, has kept whole advantages of doubly salient permanent magnet motor.This motor can be regulated air-gap field by the direction and the size of control exciting current.But electric energized circuit passes through permanent magnet, and electric excitation efficiency is low.

The old clear spring of Hong Kong University, professor Jiang Jianzhong of Shanghai Polytechnic Univ etc. have proposed a kind of melon utmost point formula hybrid exciting synchronous motor.The external stator of this motor and the stator of common electric machine are similar, are embedded with heterogeneous symmetric winding in the groove, and rotor adopts claw-pole structure, places permanent magnet between two adjacent melon utmost points, is placed with annular DC excitation winding on internal stator.Because the DC excitation winding places in the formed zone, inside and outside unit by the pawl utmost point, space availability ratio height, compact conformation.But owing to there is axial magnetic circuit, electric excitation efficiency is low.

The utility model content

The purpose of this utility model is at above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, and a kind of motor of having cancelled axial magnetic circuit and additional air gap is provided.This motor permanent magnet excitation and electric energized circuit are independent substantially, thus the excitation efficiency height, and be convenient to the optimal design of electric machine structure, to reach optimum energy-saving effect.

The formation of tangential magnetic steel double-convex pole hybrid excitation motor of the present utility model be on the stator except armature winding and a part of permanent magnetic steel that common tangential magnetic steel double-convex pole magneto is arranged, also be provided with excitation winding.Constitution principle is to guarantee to have the even number permanent magnetic steel, and has between 2 pairs of adjacent stator poles and do not place permanent magnetic steel.If the ratio of the permanent magnetic steel number of tangential magnetic steel double-convex pole hybrid excitation motor and electric excitation number of poles is big more, the ratio that then electric excitation partly accounts for is more little, and exciting power is more little: the voltage-regulation scope as generator is more little: the output-constant operation district when moving as motor is also more little.

The concrete formation of excitation electromotor is closed in this tangential magnetic steel double-convex pole sea, comprise that machine is bright, the stator of being made up of stator core, armature winding, excitation winding and tangential permanent magnet magnet steel is housed in casing and the tangential magnetic steel double-convex pole hybrid excitation motor of being made up of rotor core that rotor constituted of rotating shaft is housed, be characterized in having the even number permanent magnetic steel, have at least between 2 pairs of adjacent stator poles and do not place permanent magnetic steel, but can place excitation winding.

Compared with prior art, this tangential magnetic steel double-convex pole hybrid excitation motor has following characteristics:

(1), can select different permanent magnetic steel numbers and excitation winding number according to the application scenario.Be convenient to realize the optimal design of electric machine structure, reach best energy-saving effect.

(2) when obstructed exciting current, this motor is compared with common tangential magnetic steel double-convex pole motor and is in weak magnetic state.In addition, exciting current can two-wayly be controlled, and can adapt to wide speed of service requirement.

(3) compare with existing mixed excitation electric machine, do not have axial magnetic circuit and additional air gap, electric excitation efficiency height.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is 6 utmost point tangential magnetic steel double-convex pole hybrid excitation motor sectional views;

Number in the figure title: 1, excitation winding; 2, stator N is extremely unshakable in one's determination; 3, permanent magnetic steel; 4, stator S is extremely unshakable in one's determination; 5, rotor core; 6, armature winding; 7, casing; 8, rotating shaft;

Fig. 2 is a tangential magnetic steel double-convex pole hybrid excitation motor equivalent magnetic circuit schematic diagram.

Number in the figure title: R _δMagnetic resistance R for each extremely relative air gap and stator teeth, rotor tooth portion _SBe each extremely corresponding stator yoke portion magnetic resistance; R _PMMagnetic resistance for permanent magnet; E _PMThe magnetic potential that provides for permanent magnet; U is electric excitation magnetic potential, φ ₁～φ ₆Be air-gap flux.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, embodiment of the present utility model is further described.Following examples only are used for the technical solution of the utility model more clearly is described, and can not limit protection range of the present utility model with this.

The concrete technical scheme of implementing of the utility model is:

As shown in Figure 1, the composition of tangential magnetic steel double-convex pole hybrid excitation motor of the present utility model is, by being made up of the permanent magnetic steel structure and the distinctive electric excitation structure of common tangential-set magnet permanent double salient-pole electric machine on the stator.The stator that promptly extremely unshakable in one's determination 2 by armature winding 6, stator N, stator S is extremely unshakable in one's determination 4, permanent magnetic steel 3, excitation winding 1 are formed and rotating shaft 8 is housed and by forming with field spider iron core 5 rotors of forming of common double salient pole machine same structure, said structure all is loaded in the casing 1.Wherein, must guarantee to have the even number permanent magnetic steel, have at least between 2 pairs of adjacent stator poles and do not place permanent magnetic steel, but be placed with excitation winding.

In addition, can adjust the number of number of poles, permanent magnetic steel and the excitation winding of motor stator as required.

The operation principle of tangential magnetic steel double-convex pole hybrid excitation motor

Tangential magnetic steel double-convex pole hybrid excitation motor both can be used as generator, also can be used as motor.Can analyze the operation principle of this motor according to equivalent magnetic circuit shown in Figure 2.

If the magnetic resistance of air gap that each is extremely relative and stator teeth, rotor tooth portion is R _δ, each extremely corresponding stator yoke portion magnetic resistance is labeled as R _SThe magnetic resistance of permanent magnet is labeled as R _PMThe magnetic potential that permanent magnet provides is E _PMThe magnetic potential that excitation winding provides is U.In the equivalent magnetic circuit, ignored the magnetic resistance of rotor yoke.The main magnetic circuit that excitation magnetic potential forms is not by permanent magnet, and it and permanent magnetic potential form relation in parallel in main air gap.

Usually, R is arranged _SMuch smaller than R _δAnd R _PM, for easy analysis can be ignored its influence, i.e. R _S=0.

Deriving 1,3,4,6 extremely relative air-gap fluxs easily from equivalent magnetic circuit is:

${\mathrm{\φ}}_{\mathrm{1,3,4,6}}=\frac{E_{\mathrm{PM}}}{{2R}_{\mathrm{\δ}}+\frac{3}{2}{R}_{\mathrm{PM}}}+\frac{U(R_S/\frac{1}{2}{R}_{\mathrm{PM}})R_{\mathrm{\δ}}}{{2R}_{\mathrm{\δ}}+(R_{\mathrm{\δ}}/\frac{1}{2}{R}_{\mathrm{PM}})}=\frac{{2E}_{\mathrm{PM}}}{4R_S+{3R}_{\mathrm{PM}}}+\frac{U}{{4R}_{\mathrm{\δ}}+3R_{\mathrm{PM}}}\·\frac{R_{\mathrm{PM}}}{R_{\mathrm{\δ}}}$

2.5 extremely relative air-gap flux is

${\mathrm{\φ}}_{\mathrm{2,5}}=\frac{E_{\mathrm{PM}}}{2R_{\mathrm{\δ}}+\frac{3}{2}{R}_{\mathrm{PM}}}+\frac{2U}{{2R}_{\mathrm{\δ}}+(R_{\mathrm{\δ}}/\frac{1}{2}{R}_{\mathrm{PM}})}=\frac{2E_{\mathrm{PM}}}{4R_{\mathrm{\δ}}+3R_{\mathrm{PM}}}+\frac{2U}{{4R}_{\mathrm{\δ}}+3R_{\mathrm{PM}}}\·\frac{R_{\mathrm{PM}}+2R_{\mathrm{\δ}}}{R_{\mathrm{\δ}}}$

When not applying exciting current, 2,5 utmost points are in reverse excited state, from whole motor, are in weak magnetic state.If apply reciprocal exciting current weak Δ magnetic degree is further strengthened.

Suitably design the physical dimension of motor, can be so that R _PM, R _δAnd R _SRational numerical is arranged.Change exciting current and can control the power of air-gap field effectively.

The advantage of tangential magnetic steel double-convex pole hybrid excitation motor

(1) when not adding excitation, the magnetic field under the main pole is in weak magnetic state.Can adjust the degree of weak magnetic by selecting different permanent magnet numbers and excitation winding number.

(2) because permanent magnet and electric magnetic excitation circuit are relatively independent, the magnetic circuit of excitation winding does not pass permanent magnetism stops, and has reduced the possibility that permanent magnet is demagnetized.

(3) when adding exciting current, all strengthened at each air-gap flux under extremely, play the effect that increases magnetic.And the field ampere-turns that needs when increasing magnetic is little compared with the common electrical excitation electromotor, and is therefore more energy-conservation: compare doubly salient permanent magnet motor, excitation field is easy to regulate, and realizes wide speed adjustable range easily.

The above only is a preferred implementation of the present utility model; should be understood that; for those skilled in the art; under the prerequisite that does not break away from the utility model know-why; can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should be considered as protection range of the present utility model.

Claims (1)

1, a kind of tangential magnetic steel double-convex pole hybrid excitation motor, comprise casing (7), in casing (7), be equipped with by stator N (2) extremely unshakable in one's determination, stator S extremely (4) unshakable in one's determination, tangentially magnetize stator that permanent magnetic steel (3) and armature winding (6) forms with rotating shaft (8) is housed place rotor in the stator by what field spider (5) was formed, it is characterized in that, this tangential magnetic steel double-convex pole hybrid excitation motor has even number and tangentially magnetizes permanent magnetic steel, have at least and do not place tangential magnetization permanent magnetic steel between 2 pairs of adjacent stator poles, but be placed with excitation winding (1).

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