CN201355315Y

CN201355315Y - Water body surface layer sediment sampler

Info

Publication number: CN201355315Y
Application number: CNU2008201441590U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 郝永俊; 祝凌燕; 田胜燕; 常春
Original assignee: Nankai University
Current assignee: Nankai University
Priority date: 2008-12-09
Filing date: 2008-12-09
Publication date: 2009-12-02
Anticipated expiration: 2018-12-09

Abstract

The utility model relates to a water body surface layer sediment sampler, which comprises a sampling bucket, a supporting system, a lifting system and a lengthening system, wherein the sampling bucket is of a cavity formed by a prism and a pyramid, and the pyramid is formed by folding triangular cone side plates; the cone side plate is connected with the side wall of the prism through a rotating drum, a rotating shaft and a rotating bracket and can rotate around the rotating shaft, and the supporting system consists of a supporting rod, a casing, a first expansion disk, a pressure-bearing rod and an upright rod and is used for supporting the sampling bucket; the lifting system consists of a connecting rod, a lifting disk, a lifting rod, a second expansion disk and a rotating rod and can control the sampling bucker to open and close through the supporting system, and the lengthening system consists of a lengthening casing and a lengthening lifting rod and can lengthen the lengthening casing and the lengthening lifting rod isometrically, so that the sampler adapts to different water depths. The sampler has good sampling effect, simple structure, convenient operation, low cost, and easy carrying and maintenance.

Description

A kind of water body surface deposit sampling thief

Technical field

The present invention relates to environmental science river, lake, reservoir and neritic sediment acquisition technique, especially a kind of water body surface deposit sampling thief.

Background technology

Sediment is the important component part of water bodys such as river, lake, reservoir and ocean, it can be by carrying out mass exchange between number of ways such as precipitation-dissolving, absorption-desorption and the overlying water, migration conversion and bottom-dwelling for all contaminations in the water body play an important role, so the sediment monitoring is the important step in water body environment investigation and the research work.The sediment sample collection is the prerequisite that realizes the sediment monitoring.At present, surface deposit sampling thief comparatively commonly used is a freshwater mussel formula sampling thief, the principal character of this sampling thief and the problem of existence are: 1) rely on artificial throwing throwing and insert it into sediment by the sampling thief own wt, this sample mode can make sampling depth be difficult to control, has certain blindness; 2) unlatching of passing through cable traction and realizing sampling thief by the sampling thief own wt is with closed, and often effect is not good enough for the control mode of opening/close of this sampling thief, and sample falls after rise in the lifting process to cause.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of water body surface deposit sampling thief, this sediment sampler is simple in structure, cheap, easy to use and sample effect is good.

Technical scheme of the present invention:

Water body surface deposit sampling thief comprises sampling peck, support system and elevator system:

Sampling peck is the cavity that is connected and composed up and down by the prism of no bottom surface and inverted pyramid, prismatic have base number and the base length that equates with pyramid, pyramid is closed up by leg-of-mutton cone flank plate and forms, the cone flank plate links to each other with the base of prism and can rotate around the base, and sampling peck is the cavity that can realize folding;

Support system is made up of first thickening frame, the support bar, thickening ring, sleeve pipe, the first expansion dish, pressure-bearing bar, up-and-down rod, the first thickening frame horizontal fixed on prismatic and with " " terminal linking to each other of hypotenuse of shape support bar; the horizontal sides end of support bar then links to each other with the thickening ring; the ring heart of thickening ring is positioned on the axis of prism and with sleeve bottom and links to each other; the top of sleeve pipe links to each other with the first expansion dish; two of the first expansion dish links to each other with two sections pressure-bearing bar levels respectively; be provided with up-and-down rod on the pressure-bearing bar, the top of up-and-down rod connects first bracing strut, and the first rotating shaft horizontal fixed is on first bracing strut;

Elevator system is by second trace, the lifting dish, lifting arm, the second expansion dish, first trace and swingle are formed, the inwall of cone flank plate is by having the 6th bracing strut, the 6th rotating shaft is fixed on the 6th bracing strut and with second trace and is linked to each other, the other end of second trace links to each other with the lifting dish with the 4th bracing strut by the 4th rotating shaft, the lifting arm vertical fixing on the lifting dish and axial line overlap with the axial line of sleeve pipe, the other end of lifting arm links to each other with the second expansion dish, on the second expansion dish, be provided with two the 3rd bracing struts, the 3rd rotating shaft is fixed on the 3rd bracing strut and with first trace and is linked to each other, the other end of first trace links to each other with swingle with second bracing strut by second rotating shaft, the middle part of swingle is provided with axis hole connecting first rotating shaft, and the vertical projection that is formed by the longitudinal axis of the swingle and first trace overlaps with the longitudinal axis of pressure-bearing bar.

This sampling thief also comprises the lengthening system, it is made up of lengthening sleeve pipe and lengthening lifting arm, the lengthening sleeve pipe is the sleeve pipe that one section two ends is provided with ring flange, and the lengthening lifting arm is the lifting arm that one section two ends is provided with punch station and connecting hole, the equal in length of lengthening sleeve pipe and lengthening lifting arm.

Described sleeve pipe by last sleeve pipe, semicanal to forming with running casing, the bottom of last sleeve pipe is provided with ring flange, the top then links to each other with the first expansion dish, cased top is provided with ring flange, the bottom then links to each other with the thickening ring, the two halves of semicanal to being cut into for the longitudinal axis that is provided with the sleeve pipe of ring flange along one section two ends, semicanal is to being between sleeve pipe and the running casing and by ring flange the three being fused, and the right effect of semicanal is an easy disassembly lengthening lifting arm; The lengthening sleeve pipe can be by ring flange and last sleeve pipe, semicanal to fusing with running casing.

Lifting arm is made up of last lifting arm and following lifting arm, and the top of last lifting arm then links to each other with the second expansion dish, and punch station and connecting hole are arranged at the bottom, and punch station and connecting hole are arranged at the top of following lifting arm, and the bottom then links to each other with the lifting dish, last lifting arm pass through connecting hole, "

" shape screw rod, two ends establish " Shu " the shape pad in hole and nut and following lifting arm and fuse; when sampling thief is in opening; sleeve pipe is stretched out in the lower end of going up lifting arm; running casing is stretched out in the upper end of following lifting arm; the two length sum of stretching out sleeve portion equals the right length of semicanal, described lengthening lifting arm can pass through connecting hole, "

" shape screw rod, two ends establish " Shu " the shape pad in hole and nut and last lifting arm and following lifting arm and fuse.

Card central authorities at the first expansion dish are provided with the circular hole that diameter is equal to casing inner diameter, circular is uniform-distribution with four screw rod perforation, also be provided with the perforation of four screw rods on the second expansion dish and be fixed together, when two expansion dishes are fixed together, just in time make sampling peck be in opening by screw rod and nut and the first expansion dish.

The end of swingle is provided with first perforation, and the end of pressure-bearing bar is provided with second perforation, and first perforation can link to each other by rope or iron wire with second perforation, when two expansion dishes are in released state, can strain rope and make sampling peck be in closure state.

The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: 1) this sampling thief is simple in structure, and is cheap, easy to operate, can carry out installation and removal as required, is easy to carry about with one and safeguards; 2) this sampling thief is equipped with the lengthening system of different length, and can be used for the depth of water is the surface deposit sample collecting of 0～3.0m water body, only needs 2～3 people can finish spot sampling work, need not machinery or motorized motions; 3) compare with cable traction type freshwater mussel formula surface deposit sampling thief, the opening of this sampling thief/state of closing can access direct control, help sampling thief and insert sediment smoothly, can effectively prevent that the sediment in the sampling thief lifting process from falling after rise simultaneously, the effect of therefore taking a sample is better.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is an opening front elevation of the present invention

Fig. 2 is an opening side view of the present invention

Fig. 3 is the F-G vertical view of Fig. 1

Fig. 4 is that the F-G of Fig. 1 is with the top vertical view

Fig. 5 is the vertical cross section of Fig. 1

Fig. 6 is a closure state vertical cross section of the present invention

Fig. 7 is an ABCDE vertical cross section among Fig. 2 and Fig. 3

Fig. 8 is a lifting dish vertical view

Fig. 9 is sleeve pipe and lengthening system architecture synoptic diagram.

Fig. 9 a sleeve pipe and lifting arm (contain semicanal to) Fig. 9 b sleeve pipe and lifting arm (do not contain semicanal to)

Fig. 9 c lengthening sleeve pipe Fig. 9 d lengthening lifting arm

4. first expansions of 1. swingles, 2. first rotating shafts, 3. pressure-bearing rods are coiled 18. second expansions of the prismatic 7. cone flank plates of 5. support bars 6. 8. first perforation 9. first bracing struts 10. up-and-down rods 11. second perforation 12. sleeve pipes 13. first thickening frames 14. the 5th bracing strut 15. the 3rd rotating shaft 16. second rotating shafts 17. screw rods and are coiled 19. nuts, 20. second bracing struts, 21. first traces 22. the 3rd bracing strut, 23. thickening rings, 24. second traces, 25. lifting arms 26. the 4th bracing strut 27. the 4th rotating shaft, 28. rotary drums 29. the 6th rotating shaft 30. the 6th bracing strut 31. the 5th rotating shaft, 32. liftings and coil 33. second thickening frames, 34. ring flanges, 35. punch stations, 36. connecting holes, 37. semicanals pair among the figure

Embodiment

The present invention can and be described in further detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings by following examples, but the technology contents that present embodiment is narrated is illustrative, rather than determinate, should not limit to protection scope of the present invention according to this.

A kind of water body surface deposit sampling thief is made up of sampling peck, support system, elevator system and lengthening system;

Sampling peck is a cavity that is made of prismatic the 6, the 5th bracing strut 14, the 5th rotating shaft 31, rotary drum 28 and pyramid, prismatic 6 are column casing shape and the supreme end and go to the bottom, the vertex of a cone of pyramid down and do not have an end, prismatic 6 have base number and the base length that equates with pyramid, be equipped with in the centre position, bottom of prism 6 every sidewalls " " shape the 5th bracing strut 14; three blocks of plates of the 5th bracing strut 14 all vertically penetrate prismatic 6 sidewall; the 5th rotating shaft 31 horizontal fixed on the 5th bracing strut 14 and axial line be positioned under prismatic 6 the sidewall; the triangle cone flank plate 7 that pyramid is separated from each other by piece closes up and forms; the top at every block of cone flank plate 7 is equipped with rotary drum; prismatic 6 sidewall is connected with rotary drum 28 by the 5th rotating shaft 31 with cone flank plate 7, therefore sampling peck is the cavity that can realize folding, for reduce cavity when closed prismatic 6 and cone flank plate 7 between the gap, the xsect that can establish the second thickening frame, 33, the second thickening frames 33 in the bottom of prismatic 6 madial walls is circular arc;

Support system is made up of first thickening frame 13, the support bar 5, thickening ring 23, sleeve pipe 12, the first expansion dish 4, pressure-bearing bar 3, up-and-down rod 10, first bracing strut 9 and first rotating shaft 2, the first thickening frame, 13 horizontal fixed in the upper end of prism 6 and with "

" terminal linking to each other of hypotenuse of shape support bar 5; tie point all is positioned at the drift angle place of the first thickening frame 13; the horizontal sides end of support bar 5 links to each other with thickening ring 23; the ring heart of thickening ring 23 is positioned on prismatic 6 the axis and with sleeve pipe 12 bottoms and links to each other; sleeve pipe 12 is by last sleeve pipe; semicanal to 37 and the running casing composition (see Fig. 9 a), the bottom of last sleeve pipe is provided with ring flange 34, the top then links to each other with the first expansion dish 4, cased top is provided with ring flange 34, the bottom then links to each other with thickening ring 23, semicanal is to 37 two halves that are divided into for the longitudinal axis that is provided with the sleeve pipe of ring flange along one section two ends, semicanal is to (Fig. 9 a) is between sleeve pipe and the running casing and passes through ring flange 34, screw rod and nut fuse the three, the top of sleeve pipe 12 links to each other with the first expansion dish 4, card central authorities at the first expansion dish 4 are provided with the circular hole that diameter is equal to sleeve pipe 12 internal diameters, circular is uniform-distribution with four screw rod perforation, two of the first expansion dish 4 links to each other with two sections pressure-bearing bar 3 levels respectively, the end of pressure-bearing bar 3 is provided with second perforation 11, on pressure-bearing bar 3, be provided with up-and-down rod 10, the top of up-and-down rod 10 connects first bracing strut, 9, the first rotating shafts, 2 horizontal fixed on first bracing strut 9;

Elevator system is by the 6th bracing strut 30, the 6th rotating shaft 29, second trace 24, the 4th bracing strut 26, the 4th rotating shaft 27, lifting dish 32, lifting arm 25, the second expansion dish 18, the 3rd bracing strut 22, the 3rd rotating shaft 15, first trace 21, second bracing strut 20, second rotating shaft 16 and swingle 1 are formed, the inwall of cone flank plate 7 is provided with the 6th bracing strut 30, the 6th rotating shaft 29 is fixed on the 6th bracing strut 30 and with second trace 24 and is linked to each other, the other end of second trace 24 links to each other with lifting dish 32 with the 4th bracing strut 26 by the 4th rotating shaft 27, lifting arm 25 is formed (seeing Fig. 9 b) by last lifting arm and following lifting arm, the bottom of last lifting arm is provided with punch station 35 and connecting hole 36, the top then links to each other with the second expansion dish 18, the top of following lifting arm is provided with punch station 35 and connecting hole 36, the bottom then links to each other with lifting dish 32, and last lifting arm is by connecting hole 36; " the shape screw rod; two ends are established " Shu " the shape pad in hole and nut and following lifting arm and are fused; when sampling thief is in opening; sleeve pipe is stretched out in the lower end of going up lifting arm; running casing is stretched out in the upper end of following lifting arm; the two length sum of stretching out sleeve portion equals the length of semicanal to (Fig. 9 b), lifting arm 25 vertical fixing on lifting dish 32 and axial line overlap with the axial line of sleeve pipe 12, the other end of lifting arm 25 links to each other with the second expansion dish 18, the second expansion dish 18 is provided with the perforation of four screw rods and is fixed together by screw rod 17 and nut 19 and the first expansion dish 4, when being fixed together, two expansion dishes just in time make sampling peck be in opening, on the second expansion dish 18, be provided with two the 3rd bracing struts 22, the 3rd rotating shaft 15 is fixed on the 3rd bracing strut 22 and with first trace 21 and is linked to each other, the other end of first trace 21 links to each other with swingle 1 with second bracing strut 20 by second rotating shaft 16, the end of swingle 1 is provided with first perforation 8, first perforation 8 can link to each other by rope or iron wire with second perforation 11, when two expansion dishes are in released state, can strain rope makes sampling peck be in closure state, the middle part of swingle 1 is provided with axis hole connecting first rotating shaft 2, and the vertical projection that is formed by the longitudinal axis of the swingle 1 and first trace 21 overlaps with the longitudinal axis of pressure-bearing bar 3; The lengthening system designs in order to make sampling thief can adapt to the different depth of waters, it is made up of lengthening sleeve pipe (Fig. 9 c) and lengthening lifting arm (Fig. 9 d), lengthening sleeve pipe (Fig. 9 c) is the sleeve pipe that one section two ends is provided with ring flange 34, lengthening sleeve pipe (Fig. 9 c) can be by ring flange 34, screw rod and nut and last sleeve pipe, semicanal to (Fig. 9 a) fuses with running casing, the lengthening lifting arm (Fig. 9 d) be the lifting arm that one section two ends is provided with punch station 35 and connecting hole 36, the lengthening lifting arm (Fig. 9 d) can pass through connecting hole 36, "

" shape screw rod, two ends establish " Shu " the shape pad in hole and nut and last lifting arm and following lifting arm and fuse, the equal in length of lengthening sleeve pipe (Fig. 9 c) and lengthening lifting arm (Fig. 9 d), so can be simultaneously carry out equal length to sleeve pipe 12 and lifting arm 25 and extend.

In the present embodiment, prism is positive six prisms, and prism base length is 15cm, highly is 0.6cm for 25cm, thickness of column; Pyramid is positive hexagonal pyramid, and cone flank plate base length is 15cm, highly is 0.6cm for 13.5cm, wooden partition thickness; The vertical height of support bar is 12.5cm; The length and width of the first expansion dish, the second expansion dish are 12.5cm; The length of two sections pressure-bearing bars is 19.0cm, width is 3.0cm; The up-and-down rod height is 10.0cm, and its position is 10.0cm apart from the end of pressure-bearing bar; The total length of swingle is 20.0cm; Distance between the 3rd rotating shaft and second rotating shaft is 3.0cm; When sampling peck was in opening, the length that the thickening ring is stretched out in the lifting arm lower end was 9.0cm, and the diameter of lifting arm is 1.7cm; Last sleeve pipe and cased length are that 5.0cm, internal diameter are 3.0cm, pipe thickness is 0.7cm; The right length of semicanal is that 7.0cm, internal diameter are that 3.0cm, pipe thickness are 0.7cm; The diameter of lifting dish is 6.5cm; Distance between the 6th rotating shaft and the 4th rotating shaft is 34.5cm; Gap between the bottom of prismatic sidewall and the upper end of cone flank plate is 0.25cm.The cone flank plate of sampling thief adopts the manufacturing of hard stainless steel material, and remaining part adopts the common stainless steel made.The connected mode between rotating shaft and trace or rotary drum and screw rod and nut, all the other fixed connection methods are welding.

Using method of the present invention: 1),, select the lengthening system of suitable length if need to install the lengthening system according to the actual depth of water of sampling website; The horizontal positioned sampling thief, pull down semicanal to (Fig. 9 b) and lifting arm is separated with following lifting arm, to the extend lower end of lifting arm (Fig. 9 d) links to each other with following lifting arm, overlap lengthening sleeve pipe (Fig. 9 c) down from the upper end of lengthening lifting arm (Fig. 9 d), by ring flange 34 running casing is linked to each other with lengthening sleeve pipe (Fig. 9 c), to the extend upper end of lifting arm (Fig. 9 d) links to each other with last lifting arm, again by ring flange 34 with semicanal to (Fig. 9 a) is installed between sleeve pipe and the running casing; 2) open sampling peck: use screw rod 17 and nut 19 by four screw rod perforation on the first expansion dish 4, the second expansion dish 18 the two to be fixed together, this operation can make cone flank plate 7 be in opening by the transfer function of lifting arm 25, lifting dish 32 and second trace 24; 3) sampling thief inserts sediment: hold pressure-bearing bar 3, sampling thief is vertically inserted sediment, and determine the insertion depth of sampling thief by the depth of water; 4) closed sampling peck (scratch and grasp sample): pull down screw rod 17 and nut 19 and make the first expansion dish 4, the second expansion dish 18 separately, the end of holding swingle 1 and pressure-bearing bar 3 firmly makes the two close, this operation can make cone flank plate 7 be tending towards closing up by the transfer function of swingle 1, first trace 21, the second expansion dish 18, lifting arm 25, lifting dish 32 and trace 24, and make sampling peck just fully closed by predefined hoisting depth, adopt rope or iron wire swingle 1 and pressure-bearing bar 3 to be fixed together by first perforation, 8 and second perforation 11; 5) sampling thief is extracted the water surface: hold pressure-bearing bar 3, firmly sampling thief is up promoted vertically upward, also can hold sleeve pipe 12 in lifting process, at last sampling thief is extracted the water surface; 6) take out sediment sample: sediment sample bag or bucket are placed the sampling peck below, pull down rope or iron wire, upwards promote swingle gently, sediment sample can be slipped in the sampling peck, re-using the sample that cleaning shoe will remain in the sampling peck digs out, clean sampling thief, dry, preserve then.

Claims

1. a water body surface deposit sampling thief is characterized in that, comprises sampling peck, support system and elevator system:

Support system is made up of first thickening frame, the support bar, thickening ring, sleeve pipe, the first expansion dish, pressure-bearing bar, up-and-down rod, the first thickening frame horizontal fixed on prismatic and with

The hypotenuse of shape support bar is terminal to link to each other, the horizontal sides end of support bar then links to each other with the thickening ring, the ring heart of thickening ring is positioned on the prismatic axis and with sleeve bottom and links to each other, the top of sleeve pipe links to each other with the first expansion dish, two of the first expansion dish links to each other with two sections pressure-bearing bar levels respectively, be provided with up-and-down rod on the pressure-bearing bar, the top of up-and-down rod connects first bracing strut, and the first rotating shaft horizontal fixed is on first bracing strut;

2. water body surface deposit sampling thief as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, this sampling thief also comprises the lengthening system, it is made up of lengthening sleeve pipe and lengthening lifting arm, the lengthening sleeve pipe is the sleeve pipe that one section two ends is provided with ring flange, the lengthening lifting arm is the lifting arm that one section two ends is provided with punch station and connecting hole, the equal in length of lengthening sleeve pipe and lengthening lifting arm.

3. water body surface deposit sampling thief as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described sleeve pipe is by last sleeve pipe, semicanal is to forming with running casing, the bottom of last sleeve pipe is provided with ring flange, the top then links to each other with the first expansion dish, cased top is provided with ring flange, the bottom then links to each other with the thickening ring, the two halves of semicanal to being cut into for the longitudinal axis that is provided with the sleeve pipe of ring flange along one section two ends, semicanal fuses to being between sleeve pipe and the running casing and by the ring flange three, and the lengthening sleeve pipe can be by ring flange and last sleeve pipe, semicanal is to fusing with running casing.

4. water body surface deposit sampling thief as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, lifting arm is made up of last lifting arm and following lifting arm, the top of last lifting arm then links to each other with the second expansion dish, punch station and connecting hole are arranged at the bottom, punch station and connecting hole are arranged at the top of following lifting arm, and the bottom then links to each other with the lifting dish, last lifting arm by connecting hole,

Shape screw rod, two ends are established hole " Shu " shape pad and nut and following lifting arm and are fused, when sampling thief is in opening, sleeve pipe is stretched out in the lower end of last lifting arm, running casing is stretched out in the upper end of following lifting arm, the two length sum of stretching out sleeve portion equals the right length of semicanal, the described lengthening lifting arm of claim 2 can pass through connecting hole,

Shape screw rod, two ends are established hole " Shu " shape pad and nut and last lifting arm and are fused with following lifting arm.

5. water body surface deposit sampling thief as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, card central authorities at the first expansion dish are provided with the circular hole that diameter is equal to casing inner diameter, circular is uniform-distribution with four screw rod perforation, also be provided with the perforation of four screw rods on the second expansion dish and be fixed together, when two expansion dishes are fixed together, just in time make sampling peck be in opening by screw rod and nut and the first expansion dish.

6. water body surface deposit sampling thief as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the end of swingle is provided with first perforation, the end of pressure-bearing bar is provided with second perforation, first perforation can link to each other by rope or iron wire with second perforation, when two expansion dishes are in released state, can strain rope and make sampling peck be in closure state.