CN201352205Y - Pseudo double energy X-ray measuring device with multi-phase flow index in oil-gas field - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a pseudo double energy X-ray measuring device with multi-phase flow index in oil-gas field, in particular to a pseudo double energy X-ray measuring device of the moisture percentage, the oil percentage, the gas percentage or the sand content index of base oil or natural gas, which is installed on a base oil or a natural gas conveyer tube. The measuring device mainly comprises three sub-systems and a set of special-purpose software, namely, the measuring device comprises an energy X-ray generating sub-system or a pseudo double energy X-ray generating sub-system carrying a time-sharing energy spectrum pre-hardening device, 1-3 sets of detector sub-systems formed through detectors, and a plurality of sets of control and data processing sub-systems, and further comprises the other devices, such as a collimating device, wherein a shielding pipe is arranged in the collimating device. The detector sub-systems comprises detectors, front amplifiers or multiplier phototubes, and signal forming, amplifying, sampling, keeping and AD converting units, wherein the detector sub-systems are connected with the main control and data processing sub-systems, the main control and data processing sub-systems comprise data transmitting, synchronizing, displaying, controlling and alarming parts, the detectors are connected with the collimating device, and the collimating device is connected with the control system.

Description

The pseudo-dual intensity χ radionetric survey device of polyphasic flow index in the oil gas field

Technical field

The utility model relates to the oil field of measuring technique, be a kind of crude oil, water percentage in the gas production, oil content, the measuring system of void fraction or silt content, be specifically related to a kind of pseudo-dual intensity χ X-ray detection X technology of utilizing monoenergetic χ ray machine to produce, produce the different principle of effect with the material effect, in oil gas field is produced, profit gas, measure oil transportation under the husky water three-phase medium of oil husky water or gas and the condition of depositing, water percentage in the feed channel, oil content, the pseudo-dual intensity χ radionetric survey device of void fraction or silt content (can only survey three relevant with corresponding fluid-mixing in four indexs indexs) index belongs to International Classification of Patents G01N technical field.

Background technology

Crude oil and rock gas from crude oil, the rock gas that oil, gas well are exploited out, are the potpourri that multiphase mediums such as oil, water, rock gas or the grains of sand are formed as one of most important energy.Handle this potpourri and at first will carry out gas-liquid separation, remaining oil-water mixture body obtains the very low product oil of water percentage or rock gas after processed defeated or sell outside carrying out.To the grains of sand with which, also to monitor, in time separate, otherwise easy damage equipment.In a series of activities in production such as crude oil or gas dehydration processing, need grasp situations such as crude oil water content, void fraction or oil content timely and accurately, so that the control production run guarantees to produce qualified finished product crude oil or rock gas.Therefore, indexs such as water percentage, void fraction, oil content or silt content are one group of important parameters in the collection of petrochemical industry oil and natural gas, smelting and the transportation in crude oil or the rock gas.Particularly many maturing fields, the main at present water flood recovery technology that adopts, the water percentage of extraction crude oil is generally higher.Therefore, the accurate detection that crude oil and rock gas are carried out water percentage, void fraction, oil content or silt content has vital role in crude oil or gas production, trade.

In crude production, measure crude oil water content at present and mainly contain following several method: manually distill assay method, microwave method (or radio frequency method), capacitance method, shortwave method, heat conduction method, vibration densimeter method and gamma-rays method.1, microwave method (as CN1112677) is to interact according to electromagnetic wave and dielectric material, its dissipation is relevant with the size and the relative dielectric constant of material, the different radio-frequency (RF) impedance characteristic differences that cause measurand to present of oil with the specific inductive capacity of water, when radiofrequency signal passes to the oil water mixture when being the condenser type radio frequency sensor of medium, its loaded impedance changes along with the different ow ratios of blending agent, promptly when crude oil water content changed, wave parameter changed thereupon, thereby realized measurement of water ratio; 2, capacitance method (as: CN1186236) is the specific inductive capacity difference according to profit, is reflected to the electric capacity difference of the capacitor that is made of pole plate, measures the variation of electric capacity, the variation that just can measure water percentage; 3, shortwave method (as: CN2349574) is to utilize the short-wave signal of one (back) probe emission 3.579MHz in crude oil, current crude state is investigated thoroughly, at interval after several seconds, at short-wave signal by another (preceding) probe emission 3.579MHz in crude oil, take out the signal of Water in oil again, get the difference that secondary records then, can draw instantaneous water percentage after treatment; 4, heat conduction method (as: CN1259671) is utilized the difference of the thermophysical property of liquid-gas-liquid two-phase liquid, as heat conduction, specific heat, viscosity etc., measures the water percentage and the profit flow of crude oil simultaneously; 5, vibration densimeter method (as: CN1789969, CN2359692) utilize the level gauging element to measure the liquid level of the interior crude oil of storage tank (or separation vessel), pressure measuring instruments is measured the pressure of no crude oil part in the storage tank (or separation vessel) and the pressure that bear the bottom, calculates by experimental formula at last; 6, (as: CN1086602A is when passing different medium according to gamma-rays CN2383068Y) to rays method for CN86105543A, CN2359692Y, the principle work that its decay is different.The various measuring methods of except that the gamma-rays method other, all belong to contact type measurement, because crude oil corrosivity is stronger, fouling, wax deposition are serious, cause the poor reliability of instrument long-time running, especially these instrument all can't be eliminated the influence that gassiness brings measurement of water ratio, and have caused bigger measuring error.To this, patent CN2452022Y, CN2646704Y with the CN2646705Y specialized designs different erasers come the impurity of sensor outside accumulation.In addition, the water percentage that capacitance method, radio frequency method and microwave method are measured change and measured between be nonlinear relationship, in a certain water percentage scope, flex point is arranged, and crude oil is profit gas mixture, its physicochemical property are changeable, so the top several measuring methods except that the gamma-rays method in actual applications, all can not satisfy production requirement well.

The water in oil analyzer of working according to gamma-rays and matter interaction rule and the macroscopical fluidised form and the chemical property of fluid-mixing are irrelevant, can carry out the measurement of water percentage and void fraction to the crude oil of complexity, are subjected to the welcome in oil field deeply.

Patent of invention CN86105543A disclose a kind of utilize radioactive source (as ¹⁰⁹Cd, or ²⁴³Am etc.) monoenergetic gamma rays that sends is to the measuring principle of the volumetric water content of two-phase profit mixture.Utility model patent CN2359692Y has announced a kind of utilization ²³⁸The device that the Pu radioactive source is measured the water percentage of two-phase profit mixture.Patent of invention CN1086602A discloses a kind of in three-phase profit gas mixture, measures the automatic measuring instrument of gassiness, water percentage in the crude oil; Be fixed with gamma ray projector and transmission detectors respectively in radial center line symmetry both sides, the sidewall upper edge of measuring channel; Becoming angle with transmission detectors place center line and axially on the center line sidewall of certain distance, be fixed with scattering detector with it with gamma ray projector along measuring channel; According to the result who measures, obtain gas volume fraction and volumetric water content at last through data processing.Document [1] has been done further discussion to its measuring principle from theory.Utility model patent CN2383068Y is to the device according to above-mentioned principle design, improve, increased a stirring apparatus, the profit gas that comes out in the oil well is mixed, so that further satisfy the theory hypothesis condition, so that improve the precision of measuring.In any case, this theoretical model is got approximate place too much, and each parameter physical significance is indeterminate, to the influence of running parameters such as pressure, temperature, considers to revise, and these have finally still influenced the method and the measuring accuracy of its use.

In addition, the gamma-ray measurement method of using radioactive source to produce also has a bigger weakness, has the radiological safety problem exactly, and particularly in anti-terrorism situation at present relatively severeer period, this weakness is more outstanding.

To sediment concentration measuring, GB2429288A has announced a patent that adopts acoustic method to measure silt content.So i.e. collision by sand and oil transportation or gas pipe line wall comes what of silt content in the fluid operator.Utilize the equipment of this patent design, have simple in structurely, easy for installation, power consumption is little, locally preserves that data time is long to be waited a bit.But the working frequency range of this principle belongs to audio frequency, and its interference source is many, and more complicated, its measurement result also are subjected to the influence of fluid mobility matter easily, so Measurement Uncertainty is bigger, can not satisfy the needs of high-acruracy survey.

Do not find to use the method and apparatus that dual intensity χ rays method is measured water percentage, oil content, void fraction or silt content in crude oil and the gas production in the market as yet.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of this utility model, be in profit gas or profit sand or the husky three-phase mixture of aqueous vapor, real-time high-precision is measured the demand of water percentage, oil content, void fraction or silt content in crude oil or the rock gas, and a kind of pseudo-dual intensity χ radionetric survey device (can only survey three relevant with corresponding fluid-mixing in four indexs) is provided.

The purpose of this utility model is achieved through the following technical solutions.For simplicity, the following describes the situation of only considering Oil, Water, Gas three-phase mixture coexistence in the crude oil, situation to Oil, Water, Gas three-phase mixture coexistence in the rock gas, and the situation of husky three coexistences of profit sand or aqueous vapor in crude oil and the rock gas, measurement mechanism is identical, the skill of data processing is similar, only needs to replace related physical quantity and get final product in the formula that provides, so the related description of other situation is omitted.

The pseudo-dual intensity χ radionetric survey device of void fraction and water percentage in the crude oil, be installed in the crude oil pipeline, it is made up of three subsystems and a cover special software, that is: the generation subsystem of two kinds of energy χ rays, detector subsystem that 1-3 cover detector constitutes and the control of some covers and data processing subsystem are formed; Other device also comprises collimating apparatus, and shielded-plate tube is arranged in the collimating apparatus; Described detector subsystem comprises detector, prime amplifier or photomultiplier, signal shaping, amplification, sampling, maintenance and AD converting unit, and the detector subsystem connects master control and data processing subsystem; Master control and data processing subsystem comprise data transmission, synchronously, demonstration, control and warning part; Detector is connected with collimating apparatus, and collimating apparatus is connected with control system.

Its installation, be at an end of crude oil pipeline horizontal diameter pseudo-dual intensity χ ray to be installed to produce subsystem, comprise monoenergetic χ ray machine and target spot, and control system, two collimating apparatuss of connection, the generation mechanism of pseudo-dual intensity χ ray comprises power spectrum pre-hardening device, rotating mechanism and control system; Crude oil pipeline horizontal diameter other end installing detector subsystem, comprise detector and shielded-plate tube, connect master control and data processing subsystem, comprise high-voltage power supply, first via A/D converting unit, first via control module and the data handling machine of interconnective first via signal shaping, amplification and sample holding unit, first group of detector.

Detector is carried out power spectrum pre-hardening handle, form pseudo-dual intensity measuring system, its mounting means is that the end in the crude oil pipeline horizontal diameter is equipped with monoenergetic χ ray and produces subsystem, comprises monoenergetic χ ray machine and target spot, control system, connects two collimating apparatuss; The other end of crude oil pipeline horizontal diameter is installed No. two detector subsystems: one road detector system comprises power spectrum filter, detector and shielded-plate tube, and connect control and data processing subsystem, comprise high-voltage power supply, first via A/D converting unit, first via control module and the data handling machine of interconnective first via signal shaping, amplification and sample holding unit, first group of detector; Another road detector system comprises the shielded-plate tube of second group of detector and second group of detector, it connects control and data processing subsystem, and system comprises high-voltage power supply, the second road AD converting unit, the second road control module and the data handling machine of interconnective the second road signal shaping, amplification and sample holding unit, second group of detector.

It is installed, and is to produce subsystem at the end installing monoenergetic χ of crude oil pipeline horizontal diameter ray, comprises monoenergetic χ ray machine and target spot, and control system connects two collimating apparatuss; The other end of crude oil pipeline horizontal diameter is equipped with dual intensity detector subsystem, it comprises the power spectrum filter, detector and shielded-plate tube, and connect control and data processing subsystem, comprise high-voltage power supply, first via AD converting unit, first via control module and the data handling machine of interconnective first via signal shaping, amplification and sample holding unit, first group of detector; The low energy detector system comprises second group of detector and shielded-plate tube, connect control and data processing subsystem, comprise high-voltage power supply, the second road AD converting unit, the second road control module and the data handling machine of interconnective the second road signal shaping, amplification and sample holding unit, second group of detector.

Can avoid on the main beam flow path direction in the outlet of χ ray machine, a gamma correction detector is installed, and connect control and data processing subsystem, comprise high-voltage power supply, Third Road AD converting unit, Third Road control module and the data handling machine of interconnective Third Road signal shaping, amplification and sample holding unit, Third Road detector.

The utility model is specially adapted to the automatic on-line metering system in the field produces, has overcome the major safety risks that radioactive source brings.When utilizing X-ray machine as radiographic source, can exempt the puzzlement of losing radioactive source, improve radiation proof safety coefficient, fundamentally stop the chance that the terrorist obtains the dirty bomb raw material, national security there is the meaning of particular importance.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is pseudo-dual intensity χ ray machine and detector mounting means synoptic diagram;

Fig. 2 is the synoptic diagram of a kind of mounting means of χ ray machine and pseudo-dual intensity detector;

Fig. 3 is the synoptic diagram of the another kind of mounting means of χ ray machine and pseudo-dual intensity detector.

Among the figure: the 1-measuring equipment; The target spot of 2-χ ray machine; The collimating apparatus and the screened room of 3-χ ray machine; 4-(first group) detector; The shielded-plate tube of 5-(first group) detector; Second group of detector of 8-; The shielded-plate tube of second group of detector of 9-; The 10-crude oil pipeline; 12-power spectrum pre-hardening device; The 13-rotating mechanism; 20-(first via) signal shaping, amplification and sample holding unit; 21-the second road signal shaping, amplification and sample holding unit; The high-voltage power supply of 22-(first group) detector; The high-voltage power supply of second group of detector of 23-; 24-(first via) AD converting unit; 25-the second road AD converting unit; 26-(first via) control module; 27-the second road control module; The 28-computing machine; The control system of the pseudo-dual intensity χ of 30-ray machine; The control system of 31-monoenergetic χ ray machine; 33-(first via) gamma correction detector; 34-Third Road signal shaping, amplification and sample holding unit; The high-voltage power supply of 35-Third Road detector; 36-Third Road AD converting unit; 37-Third Road control module; 50-power spectrum filter.

Embodiment

The utility model will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and concrete embodiment.

Referring to accompanying drawing 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, measurement mechanism 1 of the present utility model mainly is made up of three subsystems: the χ ray machine constitutes the χ ray and produces subsystem; One (or two, three cover detectors) constitute the detector subsystem; Form with a few cover controls and data processing subsystem.The subsystem part also comprises collimating apparatus etc.The detector subsystem comprises unit such as detector, prime amplifier or photomultiplier, signal shaping, amplification, sampling maintenance, AD conversion.The transmission of data, synchronously, work such as demonstration, each several part control and warning are by controlling and the data processing subsystem unification is finished.

As shown in Figure 1, present embodiment is to utilize a present existing monoenergetic χ ray machine to produce high energy, low energy χ ray by timesharing pre-hardening technology.The target spot 2 of χ ray machine, collimating apparatus 3, detector 4 and shielded-plate tube 5 are formed a cover χ X-ray detection X path.Power spectrum pre-hardening device 12 is installed together with rotating mechanism 13, and the rotation center of rotating mechanism 13 can not block the target spot 2 of χ ray machine.When the position of rotating mechanism 13 rotation made power spectrum pre-hardening device 12 block the χ ray that target spot 2 sends, at this moment the χ ray that shoots out from collimating apparatus 3 was exactly a high energy χ ray, and the high energy measuring system is used as by system.Otherwise system is used as the low energy measuring system and uses.In the practice, can be according to uniformity coefficient, the flow velocity of medium, require the interval of Monitoring Data etc., regulate rotating mechanism 13 rotational speeies, to guarantee test condition As soon as possible Promising Policy theoretical model and error requirements.χ ray by target spot 2 sends through after the collimating apparatus 3, passes the medium in the crude oil pipeline 10, is detected device 4 and converts electric signal to.The effect of the shielded-plate tube 5 of detector is a protection detector 4, reduce to survey the influence to detector 4 of background, scattered signal simultaneously.The high-voltage power supply 22 of detector provides operating voltage for detector 4, the signal of detector 4 outputs to signal shaping, amplification and sample holding unit 20, signal is delivered to AD converting unit 24 and is converted digital signal to through after amplifying, handling, and delivers to computing machine 28 at last and carries out analyzing and processing.The identification that control module 26 was used for synchronously, coordinated the work, particularly high and low energy of each unit or subsystem is to realize alternately by the control system 30 of χ ray machine and the signal of control module 26.Present embodiment is not high to the designing requirement of χ ray machine, as long as use product in the market.

If the line of χ ray machine is bigger over time, during the actual treatment data, should revise it.For the line that obtains the χ ray machine is measured over time, need to increase the detection system that is used for gamma correction.That is: in the outlet of χ ray machine one road gamma correction detector 33 is installed, the high-voltage power supply 35 of Third Road detector provides high pressure for detector 33, the signal of detector 33 outputs to Third Road signal shaping, amplification and sample holding unit 34, signal is through after amplifying, handling, deliver to Third Road AD converting unit 36 and convert digital signal to, deliver to computing machine 28 at last and carry out analyzing and processing.Control module 37 is used for synchronously, coordinates the work of each unit or subsystem.

If the line of χ ray machine is stable, can ignore the error that systematic survey brings, then the detection system of relevant gamma correction can be omitted.

Special software on the computing machine 28, earlier the data that detect are divided into high energy group DS and low energy group DS, use the high and low energy data that brightness detector obtains, respectively its corresponding all data are constantly revised, at first eliminated the line influence over time of χ ray machine.Then, use the model (also can adopt other proper model) of deriving in the utility model, calculate indexs such as water percentage in the crude oil, void fraction.

As shown in Figure 2, shown a kind of mounting means of monoenergetic X-ray machine and pseudo-dual intensity detector, No. two detectors also can be installed in other position, as on crude oil pipeline 10 same xsects.

The characteristics of present embodiment are to utilize an existing monoenergetic χ ray machine at present, and by adopting the pre-hardening technology to produce high energy χ X-ray detection X path to No. one detector, another road detector then is a low energy χ X-ray detection X path.Power spectrum filter 50 is installed in the front of detector 4, and the target spot 2 of χ ray machine, collimating apparatus 3, power spectrum filter 50, detector 4 and shielded-plate tube 5 are formed a cover high energy χ X-ray detection X path.At this moment the high energy measuring system is used as by this road system.The shielded-plate tube 9 of the target spot 2 of χ ray machine, collimating apparatus 3, second group of detector 8 and second group of detector is formed another set of low energy χ X-ray detection X path, and this road system is used as the low energy measuring system and uses.

The first via: the χ ray by target spot 2 sends, through after the collimating apparatus 3, pass the medium in the crude oil pipeline 10, after the power spectrum pre-hardening, become the high energy power spectrum through power spectrum filter 50, be detected device 4 and convert electric signal to.The effect of the shielded-plate tube 5 of detector is a protection detector 4, reduce to survey the influence to detector 4 of background, scattered signal simultaneously.The high-voltage power supply 22 of detector provides operating voltage for detector 4, the signal of detector 4 outputs to signal shaping, amplification and sample holding unit 20, signal is delivered to AD converting unit 24 and is converted digital signal to through after amplifying, handling, and delivers to computing machine 28 at last and carries out analyzing and processing.Control module 26 is used for synchronously, coordinates the work of each unit or subsystem.

The second the tunnel: the χ ray by target spot 2 sends, through after the collimating apparatus 3, pass the medium in the crude oil pipeline 10, converted to electric signal by second group of detector 8.The effect of the shielded-plate tube 9 of second group of detector is a protection detector 8, reduce to survey the influence to detector 8 of background, scattered signal simultaneously.The high-voltage power supply 23 of second group of detector provides operating voltage for detector 8, the signal of detector 8 outputs to the second road signal shaping, amplification and sample holding unit 21, signal is through after amplifying, handling, deliver to the second road AD converting unit 25 and convert digital signal to, deliver to computing machine 28 at last and carry out analyzing and processing.The second road control module 27 is used for synchronously, coordinates the work of each unit or subsystem.

Not high at present embodiment to the designing requirement of χ ray machine, as long as use product in the market.

If the line of χ ray machine is bigger over time, during the actual treatment data, should revise it.For the line that obtains the χ ray machine is measured over time, need to increase the detection system that is used for gamma correction.That is: in the outlet of χ ray machine one road gamma correction detector 33 is installed, the high-voltage power supply 35 of Third Road detector provides high pressure for detector 33, the signal of detector 33 outputs to Third Road signal shaping, amplification and sample holding unit 34, signal is through after amplifying, handling, deliver to Third Road AD converting unit 36 and convert digital signal to, deliver to computing machine 28 at last and carry out analyzing and processing.Control module 37 is used for synchronously, coordinates the work of each unit or subsystem.

If the line of χ ray machine is stable, to the error that systematic survey brings, can ignore, then the detection system of relevant gamma correction can be omitted.

Special software on the computing machine 28, earlier the data that detect are divided into high energy group DS and low energy group DS, use the high and low energy data that brightness detector obtains, respectively its corresponding all data are constantly revised, at first eliminated the line influence over time of χ ray machine.Then, use the model (also can adopt other proper model) of deriving in the utility model, calculate indexs such as water percentage in the crude oil, void fraction.

As shown in Figure 3, the another kind of mounting means that has shown monoenergetic X-ray machine and pseudo-dual intensity detector.High and low No. two detectors have been made an integral body.

The characteristics of present embodiment are, utilize an existing monoenergetic χ ray machine at present, and by adopting the pre-hardening technology to produce high energy χ X-ray detection X path to No. one detector, another road detector then is a low energy χ X-ray detection X path.The shielded-plate tube 5 of the target spot 2 of χ ray machine, collimating apparatus 3, second group of detector 8 and detector is formed a cover low energy χ X-ray detection X path, and this road system is used as the low energy measuring system and uses; Power spectrum filter 50 is installed in the front of detector 4, but in the back of second group of detector 8, the target spot 2 of χ ray machine, collimating apparatus 3, power spectrum filter 50, detector 4 and shielded-plate tube 5 are formed a cover high energy χ X-ray detection X path.The high energy measuring system is used as by this road system, and note: the ray on this road has also passed low energy χ ray detector 8, and at this moment second group of detector 8 plays a part same with power spectrum filter 50.

The first via: the χ ray that sends by target spot 2, through after the collimating apparatus 3, pass the medium in the crude oil pipeline 10, through second group of detector 8 and power spectrum filter 50 power spectrum pre-hardening after, become the high energy power spectrum, be detected device 4 and convert electric signal to.The effect of the shielded-plate tube 5 of detector is a protection detector 4, reduce to survey the influence to detector 4 of background, scattered signal simultaneously.The high-voltage power supply 22 of detector provides operating voltage for detector 4, the signal of detector 4 outputs to signal shaping, amplification and sample holding unit 20, signal is delivered to AD converting unit 24 and is converted digital signal to through after amplifying, handling, and delivers to computing machine 28 at last and carries out analyzing and processing.Control module 26 is used for synchronously, coordinates the work of each unit or subsystem.

The second the tunnel: the χ ray by target spot 2 sends, through after the collimating apparatus 3, pass the medium in the crude oil pipeline 10, converted to electric signal by second group of detector 8.The effect of the shielded-plate tube 5 of detector is a protection detector 8, reduce to survey the influence to detector 8 of background, scattered signal simultaneously.The high-voltage power supply 23 of second group of detector provides operating voltage for detector 8, the signal of detector 8 outputs to the second road signal shaping, amplification and sample holding unit 21, signal is through after amplifying, handling, deliver to the second road AD converting unit 25 and convert digital signal to, deliver to computing machine 28 at last and carry out analyzing and processing.The second road control module 27 is used for synchronously, coordinates the work of each unit or subsystem.

In this example, adopted new detector manufacture craft, made new pseudo-dual intensity detector, reduced designing requirement, as long as use product in the market the χ ray machine.

If the line of χ ray machine is bigger over time, during the actual treatment data, should revise it.For the line that obtains the χ ray machine is measured over time, need to increase the detection system that is used for gamma correction.That is: in the outlet of χ ray machine one road gamma correction detector 33 is installed, the high-voltage power supply 35 of Third Road detector provides high pressure for detector 33, the signal of detector 33 outputs to Third Road signal shaping, amplification and sample holding unit 34, signal is through after amplifying, handling, deliver to Third Road AD converting unit 36 and convert digital signal to, deliver to computing machine 28 at last and carry out analyzing and processing.Control module 37 is used for synchronously, coordinates the work of each unit or subsystem.

If the line of χ ray machine is stable, to the error that systematic survey brings, can ignore, then the detection system of relevant gamma correction can be omitted.

Special software on the computing machine 28, earlier the data that detect are divided into high energy group DS and low energy group DS, use the high and low energy data that brightness detector obtains, respectively its corresponding all data are constantly revised, at first eliminated the line influence over time of χ ray machine.Then, use the model (also can adopt other proper model) of deriving in the utility model, calculate indexs such as water percentage in the crude oil, void fraction.

With the matching used measuring method of the utility model device, χ ray and the material action principle of having utilized the χ ray machine to produce, in field produces, under the profit gas three-phase medium and the condition of depositing, water percentage and void fraction index in the measurement oil pipeline.This measuring method relies on measuring equipment and a cover adapted software of mainly being made up of three subsystems, that is: monoenergetic χ ray machine produces the generation subsystem (obtaining pseudo-dual intensity χ ray by timesharing pre-hardening technology) of χ ray, one cover detector (or two, three covers) the detector subsystem that constitutes is not (if take the pre-hardening technology to obtain pseudo-dual intensity χ ray on the χ ray machine, can adopt the pre-hardening technology on the cover detector system therein so, obtain high energy χ ray, thereby also can constitute pseudo-dual intensity χ radionetric survey system), and cover (or several cover) control and data processing subsystem composition; Other device also comprises collimating apparatus; Described detector subsystem comprises unit such as detector, prime amplifier (or photomultiplier), signal shaping, amplification, sampling maintenance, AD conversion; Total control and data processing subsystem comprise the transmission of data, synchronously, parts such as demonstration, control and warning.Adopted special algorithm to find the solution water percentage ω in the supporting software ₁With void fraction ω ₃ω ₁The shared percentage by weight of expression water is a water percentage, ω ₃The shared percentage by weight of expression rock gas is a void fraction, ω ₂The percentage by weight ω that expression oil is shared ₂=1-ω ₁-ω ₃In order to revise the stability of χ ray machine institute topknot stream, added a cover gamma correction detector subsystem that the gamma correction detector constitutes.

Under profit gas three-phase state, this software has adopted two following equations to find the solution water percentage ω ₁With void fraction ω ₃,

$({\mathrm{\ω}}_1(\frac{{\mathrm{\μ}}_1\left(E_H^{*}\right)}{{\mathrm{\ρ}}_1}-\frac{{\mathrm{\μ}}_2\left(E_H^{*}\right)}{{\mathrm{\ρ}}_2})+{\mathrm{\ω}}_3(\frac{{\mathrm{\μ}}_3\left(E_H^{*}\right)}{{\mathrm{\ρ}}_3}-\frac{{\mathrm{\μ}}_2\left(E_H^{*}\right)}{{\mathrm{\ρ}}_2})+\frac{{\mathrm{\μ}}_2\left(E_H^{*}\right)}{{\mathrm{\ρ}}_2})\·\left(\mathrm{x\ρ}\right)$

$=\ln \left(\frac{k_H{N}_0\left(E_H^{*}\right)}{N(x,E_H^{*})-k_H{c}_H{N}_0\left(E_H^{*}\right)}\right)---\left(13\right)$

$({\mathrm{\ω}}_1(\frac{{\mathrm{\μ}}_1\left(E_L^{*}\right)}{{\mathrm{\ρ}}_1}-\frac{{\mathrm{\μ}}_2\left(E_L^{*}\right)}{{\mathrm{\ρ}}_2})+{\mathrm{\ω}}_3(\frac{{\mathrm{\μ}}_3\left(E_L^{*}\right)}{{\mathrm{\ρ}}_3}-\frac{{\mathrm{\μ}}_2\left(E_L^{*}\right)}{{\mathrm{\ρ}}_2})+\frac{{\mathrm{\μ}}_2\left(E_L^{*}\right)}{{\mathrm{\ρ}}_2})\·\left(\mathrm{x\ρ}\right)$

$=\ln \left(\frac{k_L{N}_0\left(E_L^{*}\right)}{N(x,E_L^{*})-k_L{c}_L{N}_0\left(E_L^{*}\right)}\right)---\left(14\right)$

In the above-mentioned equation: because the power spectrum that the χ ray machine is sent out is continuous, so E _H ^*, E _L ^*Represent the high energy and the pairing equivalent energy of low energy χ ray of pseudo-dual intensity χ ray machine measuring system respectively; ρ represents the actual density under the profit gas three-phase state in the oil pipe, ρ ₁Represent in the actual oil pipe density of pure water under the conditions such as pairing temperature, pressure, ρ ₂Represent in the actual oil pipe density of pure crude oil under the conditions such as pairing temperature, pressure, ρ ₃Represent in the actual oil pipe density of pure natural gas under the conditions such as pairing temperature, pressure; μ ₁, μ ₂, μ ₃Represent pure water, pure crude oil, the linear attenuation coefficient of pure natural gas under the equivalent ray energy of correspondence respectively; X represents in the oil pipe, the linear thickness of test macro measurement space; N ₀(E ^*) representative under the equivalent ray energy condition of correspondence, when existing without any material in the oil pipe, the counting that test macro is measured; N (x, E ^*) represent under the measurement thickness of correspondence, equivalent ray energy condition the counting that test macro is measured; K, c are respectively correction factor, same μ ₁, μ ₂, μ ₃Together, can try to achieve by measuring exponential decay curve in advance.

When only considering profit two-phase state, can be reduced to monoenergetic to the χ ray machine energy of measuring system, adopted following formula to find the solution water percentage ω in the at this moment described software ₁,

${\mathrm{\ω}}_1=\frac{\ln \left(\frac{{\mathrm{kN}}_0}{N\left(x\right)-\mathrm{kc}{N}_0}\right)-\left(\frac{{\mathrm{\μ}}_2}{{\mathrm{\ρ}}_2}\right)\mathrm{x\ρ}}{(\frac{{\mathrm{\μ}}_1}{{\mathrm{\ρ}}_1}-\frac{{\mathrm{\μ}}_2}{{\mathrm{\ρ}}_2})\mathrm{x\ρ}}---\left(9\right)$

In the formula: ρ represents the actual density under the profit two-phase state in the oil pipe, ρ ₁Represent in the actual oil pipe density of pure water under the conditions such as pairing temperature, pressure, ρ ₂Represent in the actual oil pipe density of pure crude oil under the conditions such as pairing temperature, pressure; μ ₁, μ ₂Represent pure water, the linear attenuation coefficient of pure crude oil under the equivalent ray energy of correspondence respectively; X represents in the oil pipe, the linear thickness of test macro measurement space; N ₀Representative under the equivalent ray energy condition of correspondence, when existing without any material in the oil pipe, the counting that test macro is measured; N (x) represents under the measurement thickness of correspondence, equivalent ray energy condition, the counting that test macro is measured; K, c are respectively correction factor, same μ ₁, μ ₂Together, can try to achieve by measuring exponential decay curve in advance; The theoretical value of k and c is: k=1; C=0.When lacking experiment value, can directly quote theoretical value.

During design χ optical-mechanical system, the certain condition that satisfies between the high and low energy is taken into account high energy E _H ^*With low energy E _L ^*Difference big more, measuring accuracy is high more; For example: $E_H^{*}\≈(1.5~3)E_L^{*},$ More simply, $E_H^{*}={2E}_L^{*};$ The energy range of described high energy χ ray machine can be taken between 10keV～1MeV.

This measuring method relies on pseudo-dual intensity χ ray machine measuring system, and the mounting means of its measuring equipment core component is to produce subsystem at the horizontal diameter one end installing χ of crude oil pipeline ray, comprises χ ray machine control system, connects collimating apparatus and collimating apparatus; The other end installing detector subsystem of crude oil pipeline horizontal diameter, comprise detector and shielded-plate tube, connect master control and data processing subsystem, comprise high-voltage power supply, first via AD converting unit, first via control module and the data handling machine of interconnective first via signal shaping, amplification and sample holding unit, first group of detector.

If the line less stable of χ ray machine in order to improve measuring accuracy, can add one road gamma correction detector.It is characterized in that: the outlet of each χ ray machine install one road gamma correction detector or; The gamma correction position of detector flows but had better not block the main beam that is used to measure in the outlet of χ ray machine.With the gamma correction detector is that example illustrates its installation relation: the target spot of χ ray machine, collimating apparatus and gamma correction detector are formed a cover χ ray line size detection path, connect high-voltage power supply, Third Road AD converting unit, Third Road control module and the computing machine of Third Road signal shaping, amplification and sample holding unit, Third Road detector.If χ ray machine performance is relatively good, when institute's topknot stream is stablized, can omit.

The generation of pseudo-dual intensity χ ray has two big modes: a kind of mode is on the χ ray machine, utilizes the pre-hardening technology to produce pseudo-dual intensity χ ray, the high and low energy of timesharing output χ ray (as shown in Figure 1); Another kind of mode is on detector, utilize the pre-hardening technology to produce pseudo-dual intensity χ ray, the two-way detector system is measured high energy and low energy χ ray (as shown in Figures 2 and 3) respectively, and detector wherein shown in Figure 3 is the pseudo-dual intensity detector that high and low energy detector integrates.

The utility model uses pseudo-dual intensity χ radionetric survey technology, utilize promptly that system produces high and low can χ ray and material action principle, in field produces, under the profit gas three-phase medium and the condition of depositing, water percentage and void fraction index in the measurement oil pipeline.This system has overcome the major safety risks that radioactive source brings, and is specially adapted in the field produces automatic on-line metering system.The ratio of precision of the utility model theoretical model is higher, and the physical significance of various parameters is clearer and more definite, uses simply, can also consider the influence of factors such as temperature, pressure, is specially adapted in the field produces automatic on-line metering system.When utilizing X-ray machine as radiographic source, can exempt the puzzlement of losing radioactive source, improved radiation proof safety coefficient, fundamentally stopped the chance that the terrorist obtains the dirty bomb raw material, national security there is the meaning of particular importance.Following two problems of alerting during application:

1) at experiment measuring ρ ₁, ρ ₂, ρ ₃During with ρ, need the temperature of while test sample, the influence of pressure and other parameters.

2) because the state of gas and temperature, pressure are closely related, in the application, measure and the corresponding to ρ of physical condition ₃And μ _M3

3) during solving equation, utilize look-up table, adopt and the corresponding ρ value of physical condition, can be by measuring in real time.

4) high energy E _H ^*With low energy E _L ^*Difference big more, measuring accuracy is good more.For example: $E_H^{*}\≈(1.5~3)E_L^{*},$ More simply, $E_H^{*}={2E}_L^{*}.$

5) the various coefficients in the formula, μ ₁, μ ₂, μ ₃, k and c etc., can in the laboratory, use the χ ray machine of pseudo-dual intensity measuring system respectively, the demarcation medium (pure crude oil, pure water, pure natural gas) of irradiation different quality thickness with the experimental data that the attenuation measurement method obtains, is tried to achieve by least square fitting again.Attention: k and c can be similar to the pairing value of crude oil, also can measure data in the laboratory at various situations, build up a database, when using at the scene, obtain this data with look-up table.The last model (also can adopt other proper model) of deriving according to the utility model is calculated indexs such as water percentage in the crude oil, void fraction.

6) to the situation of Oil, Water, Gas three-phase mixture coexistence in the rock gas, above in the formula implication of each parameter constant, only the void fraction numerical value of measuring becomes big many, in like manner the oil content numerical value of Ce Lianging has diminished many.

7) to the situation of husky three coexistences of profit in the crude oil, as long as void fraction ω under the profit gas three-phase medium in the crude oil described above and the condition of depositing ₃Be revised as silt content ω ₃, other is designated as down the parameter that 3 parameter modification becomes sand, and data processing method described above can be indiscriminately imitated fully.

8) to the situation of husky three coexistences of aqueous vapor in the rock gas, as long as oil content ω under the profit sand three-phase medium described above and the condition of depositing ₂Be revised as void fraction ω ₂, and void fraction ω ₃Be revised as silt content ω ₃, other is designated as down the parameter that 2 parameter modification becomes rock gas, is designated as the parameter that 3 parameter modification becomes sand down, and data processing method described above can be indiscriminately imitated fully.

Claims (5)

1. the pseudo-dual intensity χ radionetric survey device of polyphasic flow index in the oil gas field, pseudo-dual intensity χ radionetric survey device for water percentage, oil content, void fraction or silt content index in crude oil or the rock gas, be installed on crude oil or the natural-gas transfer pipeline, it is characterized in that: described measurement mechanism mainly is made up of three subsystems, that is: a kind of generation subsystem of energy χ ray or the generation subsystem of carrying the pseudo-dual intensity χ ray of timesharing power spectrum pre-hardening device, the detector subsystem that 1-3 cover detector constitutes and control of some covers and data processing subsystem; Also comprise collimating apparatus, shielded-plate tube is arranged in the collimating apparatus; Described detector subsystem comprises detector, prime amplifier or photomultiplier, signal shaping, amplification, sampling, maintenance and AD converting unit, and the detector subsystem connects master control and data processing subsystem; Master control and data processing subsystem comprise data transmission, synchronously, demonstration, control and warning part; Detector is connected with collimating apparatus, and collimating apparatus is connected with control system.

2. the pseudo-dual intensity χ radionetric survey device of polyphasic flow index in the oil gas field according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the pseudo-dual intensity ray machine of two kinds of power spectrums of output when this measurement mechanism has changed composition to monoenergetic χ ray machine by spectrum pre-hardening device, rotating mechanism and control system, its installation, be at an end of crude oil pipeline horizontal diameter pseudo-dual intensity χ ray to be installed to produce subsystem, comprise monoenergetic χ ray machine and target spot, and control system, connection collimating apparatus, the generation mechanism of pseudo-dual intensity χ ray comprises power spectrum pre-hardening device, rotating mechanism and control system; Crude oil pipeline horizontal diameter other end installing detector subsystem, comprise detector and shielded-plate tube, connect master control and data processing subsystem, comprise high-voltage power supply, first via A/D converting unit, first via control module and the data handling machine of interconnective first via signal shaping, amplification and sample holding unit, first group of detector.

3. the pseudo-dual intensity χ radionetric survey device of polyphasic flow index in the oil gas field according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: this measurement mechanism is to have adopted power spectrum pre-hardening to handle and the pseudo-dual intensity measuring system formed to No. one detector wherein, its mounting means is that the end in the crude oil pipeline horizontal diameter is equipped with monoenergetic χ ray and produces subsystem, comprise monoenergetic χ ray machine and target spot, control system, connect two collimating apparatuss; The other end of crude oil pipeline horizontal diameter is installed No. two detector subsystems: one road detector system comprises power spectrum filter, detector and shielded-plate tube, and connect control and data processing subsystem, comprise high-voltage power supply, first via A/D converting unit, first via control module and the data handling machine of interconnective first via signal shaping, amplification and sample holding unit, first group of detector; Another road detector system comprises the shielded-plate tube of second group of detector and second group of detector, it connects control and data processing subsystem, and system comprises high-voltage power supply, the second road AD converting unit, the second road control module and the data handling machine of interconnective the second road signal shaping, amplification and sample holding unit, second group of detector.

4. according to the pseudo-dual intensity χ radionetric survey device of polyphasic flow index in claim 1 or the 3 described oil gas fields, it is characterized in that: this measurement mechanism is to have adopted power spectrum pre-hardening to handle, and two tunnel detector set are lumped together and constitute pseudo-dual intensity measuring system to No. one detector wherein; It is installed, and is to produce subsystem at the end installing monoenergetic χ of crude oil pipeline horizontal diameter ray, comprises monoenergetic χ ray machine and target spot, and control system connects collimating apparatus; The other end of crude oil pipeline horizontal diameter is equipped with dual intensity detector subsystem, it comprises the power spectrum filter, detector and shielded-plate tube, and connect control and data processing subsystem, comprise high-voltage power supply, first via AD converting unit, first via control module and the data handling machine of interconnective first via signal shaping, amplification and sample holding unit, first group of detector; The low energy detector system comprises second group of detector and shielded-plate tube, connect control and data processing subsystem, comprise high-voltage power supply, the second road AD converting unit, the second road control module and the data handling machine of interconnective the second road signal shaping, amplification and sample holding unit, second group of detector.

5. the pseudo-dual intensity χ radionetric survey device of polyphasic flow index in the oil gas field according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: can be in the outlet of χ ray machine, avoid on the main beam flow path direction, a gamma correction detector is installed, and connect control and data processing subsystem, comprise high-voltage power supply, Third Road AD converting unit, Third Road control module and the data handling machine of interconnective Third Road signal shaping, amplification and sample holding unit, Third Road detector.

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