CN201326689Y - Spiral thrusting labor-saving speed reducer - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a spiral thrusting labor-saving speed reducer, which aims at providing a speed reducing device which is simple in structure, low in costs, energy saving and labor saving, free of oiling, noise and heat emitting and durable in usage. The technical scheme includes that a plurality of bearings are arranged equidistantly on the outer diameter periphery of worm wheels i.e. driving wheels to replace conventional teeth, single threads or spiral blades are mounted on a worm rod i.e. a high speed shaft, two groups of threads or spiral blades with identical sizes and structures are reversely and symmetrically arranged at two ends of the worm rod, and the two groups of the threads and the spiral blades with one group rotating left and the other group rotating right are respectively sleeved with the two worm wheels in operation. According to the technical requirement, the worm rod thrusts a bearing after rotating one cycle or two cycles or more cycles to realize reducing speed.

Description

A kind of spiral movable labor-saving speed reducer

Technical field

The utility model relates to a kind of device that on-stream needs of machinery reduce rotating speed, more definite more particularly be a certain machine when acting according to the designed rotational speed of technological requirement when the rotating speed that should be lower than its power motor or internal-combustion engine and supporting a kind of speed reducer or title gearbox.

Background technique

As everyone knows, the operation of a machine must be motor or internal-combustion engine drives by power, the medium that has only only a few to use in nature such as waterpower or wind-force promotes, because the rotating speed of motor and internal-combustion engine is too high, the technological requirement of the numerous machines of incompatibility when acting, this is the origin that speed reducer occurs.Have varied although the speed reducer that uses is gone up by current society, but its acting principle nearly all is identical, promptly by the on-stream drive high speed shaft of power, it is also rotation thereupon of driving gear that small gear is installed on the high speed shaft, the gearwheel that drives in rotation on the jack shaft intermeshing with it is driven gear or is called the follower rotation, drive a gearwheel rotation promptly being installed in lower velocity shaft on intermeshing by another small gear on the jack shaft again, realize the purpose of deceleration thus with it.Very other machine is few or a lot of because of slowing down, diaxon only is set is high speed shaft and lower velocity shaft or the speed reducer of totally four axles and in particular cases also have at this, each root axle all is that level is installed, arrange each parallel each other front and back, when needs change direction, installations that also can level combine with vertical arrangement, or claim axle and the installation that spool meets at right angles, which kind of yet no matter mounting type, all must rely on main by the transmission that is meshing with each other of two gears.The gear kind of using is according to the difference of each technological requirement and to make factor such as complexity can be cylindrical spur gear, cylindric spiral gear, and herringbone gear, cone gear and spiral gear etc. are multiple.

As everyone knows, speed reducer of the prior art inside all is that employing is gear-driven, and must be big with little band, slowed down otherwise just be far from being, gear transmission is modal a kind of kind of drive in the machinery, the only few transmitting movement of forming by two pitch wheels and the type of belt drive of power, two gear lines are invariant position toward each other, and respectively around himself rotational, be running in the other direction each other when outer gearing, promptly one of them is for turning left one for turning right, equidirectional running during interior engagement, two gears are meshing with each other and when working, can give follower (driven wheel) with the power and the transmission of movement of driving wheel.Since gear transmission have stable drive, accurately and velocity ratio reach characteristics such as transmission efficiency height greatly, so its application area is quite extensive.It is a kind of very widely that gear transmission is used for speed reducer, though it possesses above-mentioned various advantage, its deficiency is arranged also, mainly shows the following aspects.

At first be its complex structure and heaviness, one-time investment is big.It is fixed that its model of type of tradition four gears three double reductions is that the centre distance size with high speed shaft and lower velocity shaft with the millimeter is that unit comes.350 type speed reducers for example, promptly the centre distance of high speed shaft in this machine and lower velocity shaft is 350 millimeters.Each speed reducer is combined by casing (casting forms), gear, axle and Component such as bearing support and bearing, and the gear oil of certain weight of must annotating is as oiling agent and guarantee oil-proof, model is 1000 medium-sized speed reducer, and its weight is about 1 ton.Particularly as shown in Figure 8 when adopting spiral gear to be the worm and worm gear engagement driving, in power transmission, in order to raise the efficiency, reduce friction and prolong its working life, must adopt and make than the bronze of your manyfold of common iron price, cost height not only, and difficulty of processing is big, its reason is in worm drive, the tooth of worm gear is circular arc and surrounds worm screw, so the hobboing cutter of cutting worm gear must have duplicate modulus with the work worm screw, pressure angle, standard pitch diameter, number, rotation direction and lead angle, therefore the specificity of hobboing cutter is extremely strong, so only be that identical worm gear of modulus and worm screw cannot exchange engagement.In Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, be a kind of in all gears, its preparation process requires with the brief introduction of engagement driving principle as follows: as its name suggests, gear is exactly a wheel edge week arranging several teeth, these teeth must do standard and require wear-resisting completely, the size of tooth is foundation with the modulus, and every size formula is: outside diameter d 1=modulus * (number of teeth+2); Pitch diameter d=modulus * number of teeth; Root footpath df=pitch diameter-2.5 * modulus; The high oh=modulus of tooth item; Dedendum of the tooth hf=1.25 * modulus; Whole depth h=2.25 * modulus; Lonely transverse tooth thickness S=1.5708 * modulus; Two gear engagement centre distance A=(gearwheel pitch diameter d2+ small gear pitch diameter d1) ÷ 2.

Next is a big energy-consuming.As everyone knows, main differed many more energy-conservation more by intermeshing its size of two gears, this with claim with the hand scale the past arm beam of steelyard tail end of its slight sliding weight of steelyard of thing move one times to be claimed that apart from it thing also must correspondingly increase the weight of one times of reason the same, reason is the power of having used laborsaving lever.Be not difficult to find that if remove to rotate the output shaft (lower velocity shaft) of a speed reducer with manpower much more difficult more than its input shaft of twisting (high speed shaft), what promptly anti-road was capable is the effort lever.But owing to be subjected to the restriction of its cost and volume, in practical operation, driven gear can not be done very big, be subjected to the constraint of intensity also can not do driving gear too little simultaneously, if change four gears of a speed reducer into two and speed ratio is constant, according to what of speed ratio, its volume latter is the former several times to tens times, is impracticable a kind of technological scheme therefore.

Be to use life-span weak point and noise big once more.Because the intensity of gear tooth very finite sum is wiped for hard grind in transmission, operation interrupted tooth phenomenon often has generation, it is on-stream wear-resisting like that it can not show a candle to bearing, and with to a certain degree noise, particularly on-stream to throw off noise again suddenly bigger for engagement suddenly for cylindrical spur gear, helical teeth and herringbone tooth in engagement driving for by so contact with by right throw off noise less but manufacture cost is relative will height.

Also have just because of friction ractor more unavoidably has the heating phenomenon,, don't fail in gearbox, annotate gear oil, and will regularly annotate or change, the origin of individual fuel reserve tank must be arranged thus as oiling agent in order to reduce wear extent.

In addition, owing to must in gearbox, add lubricant oil, therefore every installation that subtracts the machine of going back is only limited to its bottom following, can't realize angle mount, upright dress and upside-down mounting, when needing to change direction in mechanical transmission, both the inconvenience difficulty was bigger with regard to having to adopt Bevel Gear Drive to be used for the crossing mechanism of diaxon for only way.

Summary of the invention

The utility model is for remedying the above deficiency, aim to provide a kind of simple in structure, cheap, energy and labour saving, nothing have noise, need not oiling, never heating and durable in use and possess a kind of speed reducer that slows down with the clutch dual functions, by the following technical solutions in to realize.

The branch that the single line two-wire is arranged according to its screw thread of Worm and Worm Gear Driving, be used to slow down and use single line without exception, tooth form on the worm screw is a rectangle, both can go up lathe processes, also can make helical blade is welded on the axle again, with worm gear is that tooth on the drive wheel removes with bearing and replaces, circle or two weeks or two weeks above are passed a bearing forward by the technological requirement worm screw, worm screw changes some all worm gears and circles thus, the rotating speed of worm screw is higher than the rotating speed of worm gear, and what of speed ratio how many its worm screw commentaries on classics just equal week in the time that worm gear circles, and worm screw is actually high speed shaft like this, the axle that worm gear is installed is a lower velocity shaft, and the former is that initiatively the latter is driven.Worm gear both sides big (plane) become with worm screw vertically to arrange, relative with the plane on the worm gear outer rim contour with the worm gear side with the equidistant bearing of being arranged, its quantity with on-stream last bearing before throwing off with worm thread or helical blade during promptly contiguous the disengagement after the initial fit that enters of a bearing be as the criterion.Worm screw in rotation because screw thread or helical blade are certain inclined-plane, pass the bearing band thus and connect the worm gear running, bearing in displacement formed back pressure with worm screw toward pusher, the cause of the axial force that the on-stream existence of worm screw that Here it is is bigger, thrust bearing must be installed at the end of worm screw or two thus to be dealt with axial force and promptly stops its displacement, the decide circle and moving-coil and ball of thrust bearing paste to such an extent that tightly to tighten be that the big more friction ractor of back pressure is high more thus, must be to consume certain energy as cost, and easily produce the heating phenomenon and shorten the working life of bearing, the solution that the utility model adopted is to be provided with measure-alike at the two ends of same worm screw or to differ but one group of screw thread of opposite each of direction or helical blade according to technological requirement, and change worm gear into two by single, in the running one be left-handed one be dextrorotation.According to the rotation direction of screw thread and helical blade or two whiles inwardly rotation or two whiles to inner rotary, one for turning clockwise one for being rotated counterclockwise, formed back pressure is drawn same worm screw when inwardly rotating toward two, formed back pressure pushes away same worm screw from two ends toward the centre when inner rotary, structure is identical, stressed equating, owing to dropping on to be cancelled on the same worm screw by having to become at one time, identical thrust or pulling force do not have, no longer there is axial force in this, equal a people and choose one pair of load, it is light when there is the goods of equal weight at two ends, requiring great effort on the contrary when removing a goods is a reason, realizes the purpose of energy and labour saving thus.

Two worm gears can drive two spindle operations of working machine simultaneously, when only needing to drive single main shaft, and can be with two worm gears by the gear meshing muck in.

The frame of bearing and bearing support and the installation thereof of supporting worm screw can be made in case of necessity movable can be up and down or the front and back displacement, just can realize the worm gear disengagement and dally, then close up again.

The traditional relatively speed reducer of the beneficial effects of the utility model is summarized as follows:

The one, simple in structure and cost is low.Owing to saved shell and heavy gear that trapped fuel is held concurrently sealing, even only two worm gears can realize that just high speed shaft changes two weeks or the above just passing of two weeks and surmounts bigger its volume of speed ratio of bearing and also needn't do very greatly owing to need only shorten the pitch of screw thread or helical blade as gear, select for use the needle bearing radial force big and volume is little, compare its weight with equal model and can reduce several times to tens times;

The 2nd, energy and labour saving.Owing to offset axial force and be rolling buffing wiping, and can realize energy-conservation about 50%;

The 3rd, operating cost is low.Do not have gear just not exist to beat the tooth phenomenon, bearing wear be convenient to change, need not annotate gear oil and operating cost is fallen greatly;

The 4th, can possess the clutch dual functions of holding concurrently that slows down in case of necessity;

The 5th, superiority such as noise free in durable in use and the running.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is that the invention prototype is the engagement driving schematic representation of cylindrical spur gear of the prior art;

Fig. 2 is small one and large one two cylindric spiral gears transmission schematic representation that are meshing with each other;

Fig. 3 is a cone gear engagement driving schematic representation;

Fig. 4 is its structure of cylindrical spur gear and shape figure;

Fig. 5 is small one and large one two cylindrical spur gears transmission plan-position explanatory drawings that are meshing with each other;

Fig. 6 is three double reductions of four gears and is the speed reducer sectional view that right angle intersection is installed with worm and worm gear engagement driving axle and axle;

Fig. 7 is its bent axle of the utility model and the installation in position structural drawing of relevant Component such as double joint lever.

Embodiment

With reference to Fig. 7, worm screw 1 by about two bearings and bearing support 2 supportings be installed on the frame (not shown), top, the right is equipped with the belt pulley 3 that drives for power train, right hand helix blade 4 and left-handed helical blade 5 are installed on the worm screw, two worm gears 6 and 7 runnings worm screw drive next one, and to be left-handed one be dextrorotation, two worm gear edge weeks are installed in respectively on central principal axis 9 and 10 with equidistant 8, two worm gears of bearing that are equipped with, and the worm gear company's of being with main shaft in rotation together turns round and does work.

Claims (3)

1, a kind of spiral movable labor-saving speed reducer is that initiatively to drive worm gear during running up be the passive low-speed running of doing by worm screw, it is characterized in that at worm gear being that external diameter edge week of drive wheel is with the tooth of several bearings of equidistant installation in order to the replacement worm gear.

2, a kind of spiral movable labor-saving speed reducer according to claim 1, bearing fit and disengagement that to it is characterized in that being provided with respectively about same worm screw in each opposite one group of screw thread of rotation direction or the helical blade running respectively with each worm gear be transmission wheel rim week.

3, a kind of spiral movable labor-saving speed reducer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that with bearing and the bearing support of supporting worm screw and frame make movable can before and after or be shifted up and down.

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