CN201322439Y - Pulverized-coal burnt horizontal-type hot fume generating furnace - Google Patents

Pulverized-coal burnt horizontal-type hot fume generating furnace Download PDF

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CN201322439Y
CN201322439Y CNU2008202336591U CN200820233659U CN201322439Y CN 201322439 Y CN201322439 Y CN 201322439Y CN U2008202336591 U CNU2008202336591 U CN U2008202336591U CN 200820233659 U CN200820233659 U CN 200820233659U CN 201322439 Y CN201322439 Y CN 201322439Y
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flue gas
hot flue
gas producer
combustion
front wall
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佟义英
阎维平
李春启
付志新
宋学平
孙占秀
李玉章
代东
邢凌燕
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North China Electric Power University
Datang International Chemical Technology Research Institute Co Ltd
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Datang International Chemical Technology Research Institute Co Ltd
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    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
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Abstract

一种燃烧煤粉的卧式热烟气发生炉,包括前墙(11)、后墙(12)和侧墙(13),以及用于煤粉进入炉内燃烧的至少一个煤粉燃烧器(2),各墙与顶部(15)连接,其特征在于,还包括用热烟气发生炉产生的热烟气加热助燃空气的至少一个空气预热器(9),所述空气预热器包括助燃空气入口(8)和助燃空气出口(10),从助燃空气出口(10)出来的助燃空气通过煤粉燃烧器(2)进入所述烟气发生炉。

Figure 200820233659

A horizontal hot flue gas generator for burning coal powder, comprising a front wall (11), a rear wall (12) and a side wall (13), and at least one pulverized coal burner ( 2), each wall is connected to the top (15), and it is characterized in that it also includes at least one air preheater (9) for heating the combustion-supporting air with the hot flue gas produced by the hot flue gas generator, and the air preheater includes Combustion-supporting air inlet (8) and combustion-supporting air outlet (10). The combustion-supporting air coming out from the combustion-supporting air outlet (10) enters the flue gas generator through the pulverized coal burner (2).

Figure 200820233659

Description

一种燃烧煤粉的卧式热烟气发生炉 A horizontal hot flue gas generator burning coal powder

技术领域 technical field

本实用新型涉及一种热烟气发生装置,特别是涉及一种燃烧煤粉的卧式热烟气发生炉,该热烟气发生炉通常用于产生热烟气以干燥物料,例如低阶煤等。The utility model relates to a hot flue gas generator, in particular to a horizontal hot flue gas generator for burning coal powder. The hot flue gas generator is usually used to generate hot flue gas to dry materials, such as low-rank coal wait.

背景技术 Background technique

物料干燥是化工、矿业、冶金等众多工业领域中普遍采用的工艺过程,通常采用热流体作为加热干燥介质,例如热烟气或热空气。目前,在相关工艺过程中产生高温气体加热干燥介质的热源基本是采用气体燃烧或液体燃烧的燃烧热量。采用气体燃料或液体燃料由于资源短缺而且价格昂贵,热流体产生成本较高。我国是世界上煤炭资源比较丰富的国家之一,煤炭储量远大于石油与天然气的储量,因此,多采用燃煤热烟气发生装置产生用于物料干燥的热烟气,例如使用火床炉或流化床直接燃烧原煤。但是直接燃烧原煤的燃烧过程中机械未完全燃烧热损失和化学未完全燃烧热损失较大,而且不易控制。因此也有采用燃煤粉的热烟气发生炉,即是将符合尺寸的很细的煤粉随燃烧空气经过煤粉燃烧器送入燃烧室,在悬浮状态下燃烧,可以增加煤粉颗粒与空气接触的表面积,强化燃烧。这种燃烧使得炉内温度较高,燃烧比较完全,燃烧效率较高。但是,当使用煤粉作为燃料时,现有的燃煤粉热烟气发生炉主要存在以下问题:Material drying is a process commonly used in many industrial fields such as chemical industry, mining, metallurgy, etc. Usually, hot fluid is used as the heating and drying medium, such as hot flue gas or hot air. At present, the heat source for generating high-temperature gas to heat the drying medium in the relevant process is basically the combustion heat of gas combustion or liquid combustion. The use of gaseous fuel or liquid fuel is due to the shortage and high price of resources, and the cost of generating thermal fluid is relatively high. my country is one of the countries with abundant coal resources in the world, and the coal reserves are far greater than the reserves of oil and natural gas. Therefore, coal-fired hot flue gas generators are often used to generate hot flue gas for material drying, such as using fire bed furnaces or The fluidized bed burns raw coal directly. However, the heat loss of mechanical incomplete combustion and chemical incomplete combustion is relatively large in the combustion process of direct combustion of raw coal, and it is not easy to control. Therefore, there are also hot flue gas generators that use pulverized coal, that is, the fine coal powder that meets the size is sent into the combustion chamber through the pulverized coal burner with the combustion air, and burned in a suspended state, which can increase the amount of pulverized coal particles and air. The contact surface area enhances combustion. This kind of combustion makes the temperature in the furnace higher, the combustion is relatively complete, and the combustion efficiency is higher. However, when using pulverized coal as fuel, the existing pulverized coal-fired thermal flue gas generator mainly has the following problems:

(1)夹带煤粉气流直接采用冷空气助燃,这对于挥发分含量比较低的不容易着火的燃料来说,容易造成着火困难、燃烧不稳定及燃烧效率下降,甚至在煤粉燃烧过程中需要投油稳燃,造成热烟气发生炉运行成本升高;(1) Airflow entrained with pulverized coal directly uses cold air to support combustion. For fuels with relatively low volatile content that are not easily ignited, it is easy to cause difficulty in ignition, unstable combustion, and reduced combustion efficiency. Stable combustion due to oil injection, resulting in an increase in the operating cost of the hot flue gas generator;

(2)使用外来热源预热助燃空气,增加了热烟气发生炉的运行成本;(2) Using an external heat source to preheat the combustion-supporting air increases the operating cost of the hot flue gas generator;

(3)直接采用冷空气作为热烟气调温风,排烟损失大,大大降低了热烟气发生炉的热效率,同时,燃料消耗量增加;(3) Directly adopting cold air as the temperature-regulating air for hot flue gas will result in large exhaust loss, greatly reducing the thermal efficiency of the hot flue gas generator, and at the same time, increasing fuel consumption;

(4)采用冷空气作为热烟气调温风,会提高烟气中的氧含量,对于干燥热稳定性差,易自燃或对氧气成分较敏感的物料时,存在安全隐患;(4) Using cold air as the temperature-regulating wind for hot flue gas will increase the oxygen content in the flue gas, and there are potential safety hazards for materials with poor thermal stability, easy spontaneous combustion, or sensitive to oxygen components;

(5)这种燃煤粉热风炉多为近似绝热炉膛,普遍存在严重的结渣现象。(5) Most of these pulverized coal-fired hot blast stoves are similar to adiabatic furnaces, and serious slagging phenomenon is common.

实用新型内容 Utility model content

本实用新型的目的是提供一种燃烧煤粉的卧式热烟气发生炉,其中煤粉与气流在进入炉内能迅速着火,稳定高效燃烧。The purpose of the utility model is to provide a horizontal hot flue gas generator for burning coal powder, in which the coal powder and air flow can be ignited rapidly when entering the furnace, and the combustion is stable and efficient.

本实用新型提供一种燃烧煤粉的卧式热烟气发生炉,包括前墙、后墙和侧墙,以及用于煤粉进入炉内燃烧的至少一个煤粉燃烧器,各墙与顶部连接,其特征在于,还包括用热烟气发生炉产生的热烟气加热助燃空气的至少一个空气预热器,所述空气预热器包括助燃空气入口和助燃空气出口,从助燃空气出口)出来的助燃空气通过煤粉燃烧器进入所述烟气发生炉。根据本实用新型的进一步公开的煤粉燃烧器是旋流式燃烧器,并且设置在热烟气发生炉的前墙上。The utility model provides a horizontal hot flue gas generator for burning coal powder, which comprises a front wall, a rear wall and a side wall, and at least one pulverized coal burner for burning coal powder in the furnace, and each wall is connected to the top. , is characterized in that it also includes at least one air preheater for heating the combustion air with the hot flue gas produced by the hot flue gas generator, the air preheater includes a combustion air inlet and a combustion air outlet, and comes out from the combustion air outlet) The combustion air enters the flue gas generator through the pulverized coal burner. According to the further disclosure of the utility model, the pulverized coal burner is a swirl burner, and is arranged on the front wall of the hot flue gas generator.

此外,还设置多个烟气喷口,用于接纳从干燥器排出的至少一部分烟气返回到所述热烟气发生炉。所述多个烟气喷口可以包括前墙烟气喷口,这些前墙烟气喷口设置在热烟气发生炉的前墙上,位于热烟气发生炉的前墙与顶部的交线附近的位置,并且沿该交线的平行线布置。这种前墙烟气喷口的布置方式是为了防止炉内壁的顶部的结渣。为了使防渣效果更好,在本实用新型的实施例的热烟气发生炉的后墙形成向前墙倾斜的斜坡。此外,烟气喷口还包括炉底烟气喷口和/或侧墙烟气喷口。In addition, a plurality of flue gas nozzles are also provided for receiving at least a part of the flue gas discharged from the dryer and returning to the hot flue gas generator. The plurality of flue gas nozzles may include front wall flue gas nozzles, and these front wall flue gas nozzles are arranged on the front wall of the hot flue gas generator at a position near the intersection line between the front wall and the top of the hot flue gas generator , and are arranged along lines parallel to this intersection. This front wall flue gas nozzle arrangement is to prevent slagging at the top of the furnace inner wall. In order to make the effect of slag prevention better, a slope inclined to the front wall is formed on the rear wall of the hot flue gas generator in the embodiment of the present invention. In addition, the flue gas nozzles also include furnace bottom flue gas nozzles and/or side wall flue gas nozzles.

根据本实用新型的一个实例,还包括用于沉积飞灰的灰斗和设置在烟气发生炉的炉底排渣口。进一步地,所述灰斗设置在空气预热器的下方。此外,空气预热器还布置有压缩空气吹灰装置,以更好地去除烟气中的飞灰。According to an example of the utility model, it also includes an ash hopper for depositing fly ash and a furnace bottom slag outlet arranged at the flue gas generator. Further, the ash hopper is arranged under the air preheater. In addition, the air preheater is also equipped with a compressed air soot blowing device to better remove fly ash in the flue gas.

本实用新型的热烟气发生炉提高了燃烧效率,减少了烟气排放损失和燃料消耗量,从而提高热烟气发生炉的整体热效率。The hot flue gas generator of the utility model improves combustion efficiency, reduces flue gas emission loss and fuel consumption, thereby improving the overall thermal efficiency of the hot flue gas generator.

附图说明 Description of drawings

以下,结合附图来详细说明本实用新型的实施例,其中:Below, describe embodiment of the present utility model in detail in conjunction with accompanying drawing, wherein:

图1是本实用新型的卧式热烟气发生炉的侧视图;Fig. 1 is the side view of horizontal hot flue gas generator of the present utility model;

图2是图1的热烟气发生炉的正视图;Fig. 2 is the front view of the hot flue gas generator of Fig. 1;

图3是图1的热烟气发生炉沿线A-A的剖视图。Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the hot flue gas generator in Fig. 1 along the line A-A.

附图标记reference sign

1.炉底烟气喷口1. Furnace bottom flue gas nozzle

2.煤粉燃烧器2. Pulverized coal burner

3.前墙烟气喷口3. Front wall flue gas nozzle

4.侧墙烟气喷口4. Side wall flue gas nozzle

5.干燥器5. Dryer

6.灰斗6. Ash bucket

7.炉底排渣口7. Bottom slag outlet

8.助燃空气入口8. Combustion air inlet

 9.空气预热器9. Air preheater

10.助燃空气出口10. Combustion air outlet

11.前墙11. Front wall

12.后墙12. Back wall

13.侧墙13. Side wall

14.炉底14. Furnace bottom

15.顶部15. top

具体实施方式 Detailed ways

为了更好地说明本实用新型,下面通过具体的实例来进一步说明本实用新型。In order to better illustrate the utility model, the utility model is further illustrated below through specific examples.

现参考图1,示出了本实用新型的热烟气发生炉的实施例。所述热烟气发生炉是卧式布置的,炉内壁可以为耐腐蚀耐火砖铺设,外壁铺设保温砖与钢护板;热烟气发生炉的顶部结构为拱形,钢壳支撑;燃烧室侧壁设置看火口与事故清渣口(未示出),热烟气发生炉的顶部15或侧墙13可以设计防爆门。Referring now to Fig. 1, an embodiment of the hot flue gas generator of the present invention is shown. The hot flue gas generator is arranged horizontally, the inner wall of the furnace can be laid with corrosion-resistant refractory bricks, and the outer wall is laid with insulating bricks and steel guard plates; the top structure of the hot flue gas generator is arched and supported by a steel shell; the combustion chamber The side wall is provided with a fire viewing port and an accidental slag removal port (not shown), and the top 15 or side wall 13 of the hot flue gas generator can be designed with an explosion-proof door.

参考图1,本实用新型的热烟气发生炉包括至少一个煤粉燃烧器2。煤粉在一次风的携带下通过所述煤粉燃烧器2进入热烟气发生炉进行燃烧。煤粉燃烧器2可以是旋流式煤粉燃烧器。各个旋流式煤粉燃烧器是风力可调的。一次风携带煤粉通过所述燃烧器的一次风风筒,一次风风筒内布置中心管,中心管内布置点火油枪,一次风环形通道外壁布置导流装置,例如螺旋凸条,为弱旋流;二次风为切向或轴向叶片所引起的旋流,旋流叶片角度可调,出口设计成璇口。点火阶段用点火油枪点燃煤粉,炉膛预热后断油,正常运行时无需投油助燃。图2示出了4个煤粉燃烧器2两两对齐地设置在热烟气发生炉的前墙上,并且在同一行上的煤粉燃烧器2的旋流旋向相反,在同一列上的煤粉燃烧器2的旋流旋向相同。应当理解,所述煤粉燃烧器的类型、数量和排列均可变化。Referring to FIG. 1 , the hot flue gas generator of the present invention includes at least one pulverized coal burner 2 . Carried by the primary air, the pulverized coal passes through the pulverized coal burner 2 and enters the hot flue gas generator for combustion. The pulverized coal burner 2 may be a swirl type pulverized coal burner. Each swirl type pulverized coal burner is adjustable by wind. The primary air carries pulverized coal through the primary air duct of the burner. The central pipe is arranged in the primary air duct, and the ignition oil gun is arranged in the central pipe. flow; the secondary air is the swirling flow caused by tangential or axial blades, the angle of the swirling blades is adjustable, and the outlet is designed as a swirl. In the ignition stage, the pulverized coal is ignited with an ignition oil gun, and the oil is cut off after the furnace is preheated. During normal operation, there is no need to inject oil to support combustion. Figure 2 shows that four pulverized coal burners 2 are arranged in pairs on the front wall of the hot flue gas generator, and the swirl direction of the pulverized coal burners 2 on the same row is opposite, and on the same column The swirl direction of the pulverized coal burner 2 is the same. It should be understood that the type, number and arrangement of the pulverized coal burners may vary.

从燃烧器进入的煤粉和助燃空气在热烟气发生炉的炉膛内燃烧,燃烧产生的热烟气经调温后将经过空气预热器9用于加热助燃空气。空气预热器9可以是管式空气预热器。如图3所示,冷空气从空气预热器9的助燃空气入口8进入空气预热器9,热烟气经过空气预热器9加热空气。为了获得助燃空气的温度信息,可以在助燃空气入口8和出口10分别设置温度测点。经加热后的助燃空气通过煤粉燃烧器进入热烟气发生炉中助燃。通常经加热的助燃空气将被分成两股,一股作为携带煤粉的一次风,一股作为二次风。The pulverized coal and combustion-supporting air entering from the burner are burned in the hearth of the hot flue gas generator, and the hot flue gas generated by the combustion will pass through the air preheater 9 to heat the combustion-supporting air after temperature adjustment. The air preheater 9 may be a tubular air preheater. As shown in FIG. 3 , cold air enters the air preheater 9 from the combustion air inlet 8 of the air preheater 9 , and hot flue gas passes through the air preheater 9 to heat the air. In order to obtain the temperature information of the combustion air, temperature measuring points can be respectively set at the inlet 8 and the outlet 10 of the combustion air. The heated combustion-supporting air enters the hot flue gas generator through the pulverized coal burner to support combustion. Usually the heated combustion air will be divided into two streams, one as primary air carrying pulverized coal, and one as secondary air.

经过空气预热器9的热烟气被送出用于各种用途,例如被送到干燥器5中对待干燥物质进行干燥。干燥器5排出的至少一部分烟气可以通过烟气喷口返回到热烟气发生炉内。调整烟气喷口的位置和引风方向,可用于防止炉内发生结渣和/或用于调节热烟气发生炉产生的烟气温度。图2示出了烟气喷口的位置的一个实施例,五个前墙烟气喷口3设置在热烟气发生炉的前墙,并且位于热烟气发生炉的顶部与前墙的交线附近的位置沿所述交线的平行线布置,使得从这5个前墙烟气喷口3喷入的烟气可以一直喷射到后墙,从而在炉内的燃烧与炉顶的壁部之间形成了气体阻隔层,从而有效地阻止了热烟气发生炉炉顶的壁部的结渣。如图2所示,更优选的是,热烟气发生炉的后墙成向前墙方向倾斜的斜坡,使得喷射到后墙的烟气在后墙偏转向下与燃烧产生的热烟气混合调温,而不会直接反射回来减弱气体阻隔层和燃烧的效果。烟气喷口可以设置在热烟气发生炉的各个合适位置,例如,如图1所示,烟气喷口包括还包括炉底烟气喷口1和侧墙烟气喷口4。The hot flue gas passing through the air preheater 9 is sent out for various purposes, for example, sent to the dryer 5 for drying the material to be dried. At least a part of the flue gas discharged from the dryer 5 can be returned to the hot flue gas generator through the flue gas nozzle. Adjusting the position of the flue gas nozzle and the direction of the draft can be used to prevent slagging in the furnace and/or to adjust the temperature of the flue gas produced by the hot flue gas generator. Figure 2 shows an embodiment of the position of the flue gas nozzles, five front wall flue gas nozzles 3 are arranged on the front wall of the hot flue gas generator, and are located near the intersection line between the top of the hot flue gas generator and the front wall The position is arranged along the parallel line of the intersection line, so that the smoke injected from the five front wall smoke nozzles 3 can be sprayed all the way to the rear wall, thereby forming a gap between the combustion in the furnace and the wall of the furnace roof. The gas barrier layer is formed, thereby effectively preventing the slagging of the wall of the hot flue gas generator roof. As shown in Figure 2, it is more preferable that the rear wall of the hot flue gas generator is sloped towards the front wall, so that the flue gas sprayed to the rear wall is deflected downward at the rear wall and mixed with the hot flue gas generated by combustion Tempering without direct reflection back weakens the effect of the gas barrier and combustion. The flue gas nozzles can be arranged at various suitable positions of the hot flue gas generator. For example, as shown in FIG.

如图1所示,在炉底设置排渣口7用于将燃烧生成的残渣排出炉外,还可以设置灰斗6用于沉积飞灰。灰斗6最好可以设置在空气预热器9的下方。另外,在空气预热器中还可以设置压缩空气吹灰装置,吹除影响热传导交换的积灰,以增加换热效果。As shown in Figure 1, a slag outlet 7 is provided at the bottom of the furnace to discharge the residue generated by combustion out of the furnace, and an ash hopper 6 can also be provided for depositing fly ash. The ash hopper 6 can preferably be arranged below the air preheater 9 . In addition, a compressed air soot blowing device can also be installed in the air preheater to blow off the dust that affects the heat transfer and exchange, so as to increase the heat exchange effect.

Claims (10)

1. the horizontal hot flue gas producer of a combusting coal fines, comprise front wall (11), back wall (12) and side wall (13), and be used at least one coal burner (2) that coal dust enters the stove internal combustion, each wall is connected with top (15), it is characterized in that, at least one air preheater (9) that also comprises the hot flue gas heating combustion air that produces with hot flue gas producer, described air preheater comprises combustion air inlet (8) and combustion air outlet (10), and the combustion air that comes out from combustion air outlet (10) enters described flue gas producer by coal burner (2).
2. hot flue gas producer according to claim 1 is characterized in that described coal burner (2) is a vortex burner.
3. hot flue gas producer according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, described coal burner (2) is arranged on the front wall (11) of hot flue gas producer.
4. hot flue gas producer according to claim 1 is characterized in that, also comprises a plurality of flue gas spouts, is used for admitting at least a portion flue gas of discharging from drier (5) to turn back to described hot flue gas producer.
5. hot flue gas producer according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, described flue gas spout comprises front wall flue gas spout (3), described front wall flue gas spout (3) is arranged on the front wall (11) of hot flue gas producer, be positioned near front wall (11) position of hot flue gas producer, and arrange along the parallel lines of described intersection with the intersection at top (15).
6. hot flue gas producer according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the back wall (12) of described hot flue gas producer forms the slope to front wall (11) inclination.
7. hot flue gas producer according to claim 4 is characterized in that, described flue gas spout comprises furnace bottom flue gas spout (1) and/or side wall flue gas spout (4).
8. hot flue gas producer according to claim 1 is characterized in that, also comprises ash bucket (6) that is used to deposit flying dust and the hearth deslagging mouth (7) that is arranged on the flue gas producer.
9. hot flue gas producer according to claim 8 is characterized in that described ash bucket (6) is arranged on the below of air preheater.
10. hot flue gas producer according to claim 1 is characterized in that described air preheater (9) is provided with the compressed air soot-blowing device.
CNU2008202336591U 2008-12-24 2008-12-24 Pulverized-coal burnt horizontal-type hot fume generating furnace Expired - Fee Related CN201322439Y (en)

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102425786A (en) * 2011-11-24 2012-04-25 舒瑞 Combustion method and device for pulverized coal fired boiler
CN102901213A (en) * 2012-10-31 2013-01-30 山西蓝天环保设备有限公司 Superfine pulverized-coal combustion hot water boiler
CN103322677A (en) * 2013-07-16 2013-09-25 鸡西市星光热风炉制造有限公司 Energy-saving environment-friendly coal-fueled hot air furnace
CN103791608A (en) * 2012-10-31 2014-05-14 辽宁绿地能源煤业有限公司 Special hot flue gas generator for pulverized lignite
CN104197320A (en) * 2014-09-05 2014-12-10 中冶京诚工程技术有限公司 Pulverized coal combustion heating furnace

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102425786A (en) * 2011-11-24 2012-04-25 舒瑞 Combustion method and device for pulverized coal fired boiler
CN102901213A (en) * 2012-10-31 2013-01-30 山西蓝天环保设备有限公司 Superfine pulverized-coal combustion hot water boiler
CN103791608A (en) * 2012-10-31 2014-05-14 辽宁绿地能源煤业有限公司 Special hot flue gas generator for pulverized lignite
CN103791608B (en) * 2012-10-31 2016-11-23 辽宁绿地能源煤业有限公司 The special heat smoke producer of brown coal coal dust
CN103322677A (en) * 2013-07-16 2013-09-25 鸡西市星光热风炉制造有限公司 Energy-saving environment-friendly coal-fueled hot air furnace
CN103322677B (en) * 2013-07-16 2016-04-20 鸡西市星光热风炉制造有限公司 Energy saving and environment friendly coal-fired hot-blast stove
CN104197320A (en) * 2014-09-05 2014-12-10 中冶京诚工程技术有限公司 Pulverized coal combustion heating furnace
CN104197320B (en) * 2014-09-05 2016-08-24 中冶京诚工程技术有限公司 Pulverized coal combustion heating furnace

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