CN201307808Y - High-speed electric main shaft supported by alternating current hybrid magnetic bearing - Google Patents
High-speed electric main shaft supported by alternating current hybrid magnetic bearing Download PDFInfo
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- CN201307808Y CN201307808Y CNU2008202161169U CN200820216116U CN201307808Y CN 201307808 Y CN201307808 Y CN 201307808Y CN U2008202161169 U CNU2008202161169 U CN U2008202161169U CN 200820216116 U CN200820216116 U CN 200820216116U CN 201307808 Y CN201307808 Y CN 201307808Y
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a high-speed electric main shaft supported by an alternating current hybrid magnetic bearing. The high-speed electric main shaft comprises an alternating and direct current three freedom degree hybrid magnetic bearing pressed in a steel barrel, a high-speed main shaft motor, an alternating current two freedom degree hybrid magnetic bearing, a left end cover, a right end cover and a rotating shaft; wherein the high-speed main shaft motor is installed on the rotating shaft, and the alternating and direct current three freedom degree hybrid magnetic bearing and the alternating current two freedom degree hybrid magnetic bearing are respectively installed on the left side and the right side of the high-speed main shaft motor. Permanent magnets are adopted to provide static bias magnetic flux with various freedom degrees, and the alternating and direct current three freedom degree hybrid magnetic bearing and the alternating current two freedom degree hybrid magnetic bearing are driven and controlled in the radial direction through three-pole structure and a three-phase inverter, so as to remarkably reduce the loss and the cost of the power amplifier. The high-speed electric main shaft realizes zero intermediate transmission, and has the advantages of no mechanical friction, no need of lubrication and sealing, high speed, high precision and low power consumption, thereby having broad application prospect in fields such as engineering industry, aviation & aerospace, etc.
Description
Technical field
The utility model belongs to Mechanical ﹠ Electrical Transmission Equipment Control technical field, it is a kind of non-contacting magnetic suspension rotating machinery field, refer in particular to the high speed electric principal shaft system of five degree of freedom supported by AC mixing magnetic bearing, be applicable to the five degree of freedom suspension supporting of all kinds of high speed and super precision rotating machineries, can be used for the special occasions such as transmission of vacuum technique, pure clean chamber, sterile workshop and Korrosionsmedium or very pure medium, have the using value that can not be substituted in fields such as high speed and super precision Digit Control Machine Tool, machine building industry, life science, Aero-Space.
Background technology
Magnetic bearing is to utilize magnetic field force that rotor is suspended in the space, and having realized does not have the high-tech electromechanical integrated product that machinery contacts between rotor and the stator.The motor transmission system of magnetic bearing supporting have the rotating speed height, low in energy consumption, do not have friction, do not have wearing and tearing, need not lubricated and advantages such as sealing, life-span be long, can be used for special occasions such as vacuum technique, pure clean chamber and sterile workshop.
The electricity main shaft is that motor is sleeved on the rotating machinery main shaft, realizes the zero gearing system of the direct driven rotary mechanical main shaft rotation of motor.Because electric main shaft has been realized intermediate gearing and gears such as gearless, coupling, belt, so simplified the structure of rotating machinery greatly, eliminated because vibration, mechanical friction, mechanicalness noise and the energy loss that intermediate gearing and gear cause, improved control precision and the mechanical efficiency of rotating machinery.
Therefore, magnetic bearing supporting technology is applied to becomes the seventies in last century of a research focus so far on the rotating machinery electricity main shaft.S2M company had developed first floating electric main shaft of magnetic that high-speed machine tool is used in the world in 1977, and released the floating electric chief axis system of B20/500 magnetic in 1981 on the German Hanover EMO, and under the 35000r/min rotating speed, carried out brill, milled on-the-spot demonstration.The researcher of countries such as Switzerland, Japan, the U.S., France, Germany and China has carried out the research to the electric chief axis system of magnetic bearing supporting in succession subsequently.
The rotor of the floating electric chief axis system of traditional magnetic is supported by 3 direct current hybrid magnetic bearings, 2 radial direction magnetic bearings wherein, the radially orthogonal both direction of each radial direction magnetic bearing control, 1 axial thrust magnetic bearings control axial freedom in addition; Adopt DC control, amplidyne price height, volume is big, 1 radial direction magnetic bearing needs 4 tunnel unipolarities (or 2 tunnel bipolaritys) power amplification circuit usually, thereby the electric chief axis system volume that has directly caused the magnetic bearing supporting is big, power consumption is high, involve great expense, limited its application greatly, particularly in Aero-Space and Military Application field.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this utility model is the shortcoming at the floating electric chief axis system of five degree of freedom magnetic of traditional straight flow hybrid magnetic bearing supporting, design a kind of compact conformation, low in energy consumption, low cost of manufacture, can stable suspersion and the five degree of freedom high speed electric principal shaft system of the supported by AC mixing magnetic bearing of stable operation.
The purpose of this utility model also is, magnetic bearing structure and the control that is used to support electric main shaft, realization electricity main shaft stable suspersion on 5 degrees of freedom is optimized design.Guaranteeing that electric chief axis system suspends under the prerequisite of required bearing capacity, designing compact conformation, low in energy consumption, bearing capacity is big, efficient is high magnetic bearing, thereby further dwindling the volume of whole electric chief axis system, significantly reduce the power consumption of whole system.Design a kind of high speed electric principal shaft system that can be used in the five degree of freedom supported by AC mixing magnetic bearing in fields such as high speed and super precision Digit Control Machine Tool, machine building industry, life science, Aero-Space.
The technical scheme that realizes the utility model purpose has two kinds.
A kind of technical scheme of the present utility model is:
The high-speed electric main shaft of supported by AC mixing magnetic bearing, comprise the alternating current-direct current three freedom degree mixed magnetic bearing, high-speed main spindle motor, interchange two degrees of freedom hybrid magnetic bearing, left and right sides end cap and the rotating shaft that are fitted in the steel cylinder, the high-speed main spindle motor is installed in the rotating shaft, described alternating current-direct current three freedom degree mixed magnetic bearing with exchange the left and right sides that the two degrees of freedom hybrid magnetic bearing is installed in the high-speed main spindle motor respectively; The shaft position sensor probe is installed on the right end cap, is on the axial line of rotating shaft, detects the axial displacement of rotating shaft; Radially auxiliary bearing is fixed in the right end cap; On 4 radial displacement transducers of right-hand member probe evenly distributes, is fixed on right-hand member sensor stand between right end cap and the alternating current-direct current three freedom degree mixed magnetic bearing along circumference, the radially displacement of 2 degrees of freedom of detection rotating shaft right-hand member; The high-speed main spindle motor left and right sides is separately installed with spacing collar, and the spacing collar left end in high-speed main spindle motor left side is near exchanging the two degrees of freedom hybrid magnetic bearing, and the spacing collar right-hand member on high-speed main spindle motor right side is near the alternating current-direct current three freedom degree mixed magnetic bearing; The left end sensor stand is near left end cap, and 4 radial displacement transducer probes of left end evenly distribute, are fixed on the left end sensor stand along circumference, detect the radially displacement of 2 degrees of freedom of rotating shaft left end; Between interchange two degrees of freedom hybrid magnetic bearing and left end sensor stand spacing collar being installed also carries out spacing; The radial-axial auxiliary bearing is installed in the left end cap.
Another kind of technical scheme of the present utility model is:
The high-speed electric main shaft of supported by AC mixing magnetic bearing, comprise the high-speed main spindle motor that is fitted in the steel cylinder, two interchange two degrees of freedom hybrid magnetic bearings, axial DC active magnetic bearings, left and right sides end cap and rotating shafts, the high-speed main spindle motor is installed in the rotating shaft, described two interchange two degrees of freedom hybrid magnetic bearings are installed in the high-speed main spindle motor left and right sides respectively, and described axial DC active magnetic bearings is installed in the right side of the interchange two degrees of freedom hybrid magnetic bearing on right side; Radially auxiliary bearing and radial-axial auxiliary bearing are installed in respectively in right end cap and the left end cap; The shaft position sensor probe is installed on the right end cap, is on the axial line of rotating shaft, detects the axial displacement of rotating shaft; The axial DC active magnetic bearings is installed near right end cap, and its left side is the right-hand member sensor stand, and 4 radial displacement transducer probes of right-hand member evenly distribute, are fixed on the right-hand member sensor stand along circumference, detect the radially displacement of 2 degrees of freedom of rotating shaft right-hand member; The high-speed main spindle motor left and right sides all is equipped with spacing collar, the interchange two degrees of freedom hybrid magnetic bearing left end of right-hand member is near the spacing collar on high-speed main spindle motor right side, and the interchange two degrees of freedom hybrid magnetic bearing right-hand member of left end is near the spacing collar in high-speed main spindle motor left side; The right-hand member sensor stand is equipped with spacing collar with exchanging between the two degrees of freedom hybrid magnetic bearing of right-hand member, between the interchange two degrees of freedom hybrid magnetic bearing of left end and the left end sensor stand spacing collar is installed also; 4 radial displacement transducer probes of left end evenly distribute, are fixed on the left end sensor stand of left end near left end cap along circumference, detect the radially displacement of 2 degrees of freedom of rotating shaft left end.
Two kinds of technical schemes of the present utility model have adopted different mechanical structure, reach identical technical purpose.The mechanical structure of first kind of technical scheme is mainly by alternating current-direct current three freedom degree mixed magnetic bearing, high-speed main spindle motor with exchange two degrees of freedom hybrid magnetic bearing and rotating shaft and constitute; The mechanical structure of second kind of technical scheme mainly exchanges two degrees of freedom hybrid magnetic bearing, high-speed main spindle motor, axial DC active magnetic bearings and rotating shaft by 2 and constitutes.
Above-mentioned alternating current-direct current three freedom degree mixed magnetic bearing comprises three freedom degree mixed magnetic bearing rotor, three freedom degree mixed magnetic bearing radially control coil, three freedom degree mixed magnetic bearing radial stator, three freedom degree mixed magnetic bearing permanent magnet, the axial control coil of three freedom degree mixed magnetic bearing, three freedom degree mixed magnetic bearing axial stator; The three freedom degree mixed magnetic bearing rotor is formed by the annular silicon steel plate stacking, in the shared rotating shaft of the system that is sleeved on; The three freedom degree mixed magnetic bearing permanent magnet is annular and radial magnetizing, and axially-radially magnetic bias magnetic flux is provided simultaneously; The three freedom degree mixed magnetic bearing axial stator adopts double-disk stator discs structure, the every three freedom degree mixed magnetic bearing axial stator in the left and right sides has 3 heat dissipation ventilation holes that are circularly and evenly distributed, and left and right sides three freedom degree mixed magnetic bearing axial stator and three freedom degree mixed magnetic bearing rotor form left and right sides axial air-gap respectively; About 2 axial control coils of three freedom degree mixed magnetic bearing respectively near about 2 three freedom degree mixed magnetic bearing axial stator, place the inboard, energising produces three freedom degree mixed magnetic bearing and axially controls magnetic flux; The three freedom degree mixed magnetic bearing radial stator has 3 along the equally distributed three freedom degree mixed magnetic bearing radial stator of circumference magnetic pole, the three freedom degree mixed magnetic bearing radial stator is between 2 three freedom degree mixed magnetic bearing axial stator, forms radial air gap between 3 three freedom degree mixed magnetic bearing radial stator magnetic poles and the three freedom degree mixed magnetic bearing rotor; Radially control coil is on 3 three freedom degree mixed magnetic bearing radial stator magnetic poles for 3 three freedom degree mixed magnetic bearings, and employing three-phase AC power inverter drives control, radially controls magnetic flux to produce three freedom degree mixed magnetic bearing.
Above-mentioned interchange two degrees of freedom hybrid magnetic bearing, comprise radially control coil of two degrees of freedom hybrid magnetic bearing rotor, two degrees of freedom hybrid magnetic bearing permanent magnet, two degrees of freedom hybrid magnetic bearing radial stator, two degrees of freedom hybrid magnetic bearing, two degrees of freedom magnetic bearing rotor is formed by the annular silicon steel plate stacking, in the shared rotating shaft of the system that is sleeved on; Two degrees of freedom hybrid magnetic bearing radial stator adopts the double-disk sextupole structure of 2 * 3 utmost points, the left and right sides every two degrees of freedom hybrid magnetic bearing radial stator has along equally distributed 3 the two degrees of freedom hybrid magnetic bearing radial stator magnetic poles of circumference, and 3 two degrees of freedom hybrid magnetic bearing radial stator magnetic poles and two degrees of freedom hybrid magnetic bearing rotor form radial air gap; Two degrees of freedom hybrid magnetic bearing permanent magnet is annular and axial charging, places between 2 two degrees of freedom hybrid magnetic bearing radial stators, and static magnetic bias magnetic flux is provided; Two degrees of freedom hybrid magnetic bearing radially control coil adopts the three-phase AC power inverter to drive control on 3 two degrees of freedom hybrid magnetic bearing radial stator magnetic poles, radially controls magnetic flux to produce.
Above-mentioned steel cylinder is made of cover in steel cylinder overcoat and the steel cylinder, has the spiral raceway groove that is used for system's water-cooling between the cover in steel cylinder overcoat and the steel cylinder.
Above-mentioned radially auxiliary bearing adopts single ball bearing, and the radial-axial auxiliary bearing adopts the aligning ball bearing, and all displacement transducers all adopt eddy current displacement sensor.
Above-mentioned alternating current-direct current three freedom degree mixed magnetic bearing radially control coil with exchange the two degrees of freedom hybrid magnetic bearing radially control coil all adopt three-phase power inverter to drive, and the axial control coil of alternating current-direct current three freedom degree mixed magnetic bearing and axial DC active magnetic bearings control coil adopt the dc switch power amplifier that Control current is provided; The employing Hall current sensor detects the electric current in each control coil.
The beneficial effects of the utility model are:
1. compare with the electric chief axis system of conventional mechanical bearings supporting, the high speed electric principal shaft system of five degree of freedom supported by AC mixing magnetic bearing of the present utility model have need not to lubricate, low in energy consumption, environmentally safe, rotating speed height, control precision height, advantages such as bearing capacity is big, the life-span is long, good stability, realized rotatory mechanical system at a high speed, high-precision, requirement that cost is low, practical.
2. adopt the high-speed main spindle motor directly to drive the operation of rotating shaft high speed rotating, realized intermediate gearing and gears such as gearless, coupling, belt, the cutter of lathes such as numerical control drilling machine, milling machine, grinding machine can be directly installed in the rotating shaft of electric chief axis system; Therefore, the high speed electric principal shaft system of supported by five-freedom-degree AC magnetic bearing has been realized two places zero transmission between motor and the rotary main shaft and between rotary main shaft and the cutter, eliminated because vibration, mechanical friction, mechanicalness noise and the energy loss that intermediate gearing and gear cause, improved control precision and the mechanical efficiency of system.
3. the alternating current-direct current three freedom degree mixed magnetic bearing adopts that the annular permanent magnet of radial magnetizing provides axially simultaneously, radially static magnetic bias magnetic flux, exchanges the two degrees of freedom hybrid magnetic bearing and adopts the axial charging annular permanent magnet that the radially static magnetic bias magnetic flux of two degrees of freedom is provided; Eliminated the power consumption that the static bias current of conventional hybrid magnetic bearing produces, thereby, the power consumption of system significantly reduced
4. traditional straight flow radially two degrees of freedom magnetic bearing needs 4 tunnel unipolarities (or 2 tunnel bipolaritys) power amplification circuit, and the alternating current-direct current three freedom degree mixed magnetic bearing in the utility model only gets final product radially two degrees of freedom of complete drive controlling with 1 three-phase alternating current inverter, in like manner exchanging the two degrees of freedom hybrid magnetic bearing also only needs 1 three-phase alternating current inverter just can control fully, thereby reduced the volume of system power amplifying circuit greatly, reduced system cost, significantly reduce the power consumption of power amplification circuit, improved the operating efficiency of system greatly.
5. adopt eddy current displacement sensor that differential detection is carried out in the rotary main shaft displacement, and adopt high performance digital signal processor DSP 2812 to carry out system information and handle, improve the control precision of system, made the high speed electric principal shaft system of five degree of freedom supported by AC mixing magnetic bearing be easy to realize the stable operation of high speed and super precision.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the high speed electric principal shaft system mechanical structure schematic diagram of the utility model embodiment 1 five degree of freedom supported by AC mixing magnetic bearing;
Fig. 2 is that the main element of the high speed electric principal shaft system mechanical structure of the utility model embodiment 1 five degree of freedom supported by AC mixing magnetic bearing constitutes schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 is the high speed electric principal shaft system mechanical structure schematic diagram of the utility model embodiment 2 five degree of freedom supported by AC mixing magnetic bearing;
Fig. 4 is that the main element of the high speed electric principal shaft system mechanical structure of the utility model embodiment 2 five degree of freedom supported by AC mixing magnetic bearing constitutes schematic diagram;
Fig. 5 is the axial cross section schematic diagram and the control magnetic circuit schematic diagram of alternating current-direct current three freedom degree mixed magnetic bearing among the utility model embodiment 1;
Fig. 6 is the A-A profile of alternating current-direct current three freedom degree mixed magnetic bearing among Fig. 5 and radially controls the magnetic circuit schematic diagram;
Fig. 7 is the B-B section left view of alternating current-direct current three freedom degree mixed magnetic bearing among Fig. 5;
Fig. 8 is the C-C profile of alternating current-direct current three freedom degree mixed magnetic bearing among Fig. 5
Fig. 9 be the utility model embodiment 1 with embodiment 2 in exchange the axial cross section schematic diagram and the control magnetic circuit schematic diagram of two degrees of freedom hybrid magnetic bearing;
Figure 10 be the utility model embodiment 1 with embodiment 2 in exchange the radial section schematic diagram and the control magnetic circuit schematic diagram of two degrees of freedom hybrid magnetic bearing.
Among the figure: 1 is right end cap, 2 are the shaft position sensor probe, 3 are rotating shaft, 4 are auxiliary bearing radially, 51 is the right-hand member sensor stand, 52 is the left end sensor stand, 61 are right-hand member radial displacement transducer probe, 62 are left end radial displacement transducer probe, 7 is the three freedom degree mixed magnetic bearing rotor, 8 is radially control coil of three freedom degree mixed magnetic bearing, 9 is the three freedom degree mixed magnetic bearing radial stator, 91,92,93 is 3 radial stator magnetic poles of three freedom degree mixed magnetic bearing, 10 is the three freedom degree mixed magnetic bearing permanent magnet, 11 is the axial control coil of three freedom degree mixed magnetic bearing, 12 is the three freedom degree mixed magnetic bearing axial stator, 131,132,133,134 is spacing collar, 14 is the high-speed main spindle rotor, 15 is the high-speed main spindle motor stator, 16 is the steel cylinder overcoat, 17 is cover in the steel cylinder, and 18 is radially control coil of two degrees of freedom hybrid magnetic bearing, and 19 is two degrees of freedom hybrid magnetic bearing radial stator, 191,192,193 is two degrees of freedom hybrid magnetic bearing radial stator magnetic pole, 20 is two degrees of freedom hybrid magnetic bearing permanent magnet, and 21 is two degrees of freedom hybrid magnetic bearing rotor, and 22 is the radial-axial auxiliary bearing, 23 is left end cap, 24 is axial DC active magnetic bearings stator, and 25 is axial DC active magnetic bearings control coil, and 26 is axial DC active magnetic bearings rotor, 27 is the alternating current-direct current three freedom degree mixed magnetic bearing, 28 is the high-speed main spindle motor, and 29 for exchanging the two degrees of freedom hybrid magnetic bearing, and 30 is the axial DC active magnetic bearings; Axial-radially static magnetic bias flux circuit that the solid line 31 expression three freedom degree mixed magnetic bearing permanent magnets of band arrow produce, the axial control flux circuit that the axial control coil of two-dot chain line 32 expression three freedom degree mixed magnetic bearings of band arrow produces, the dotted line 33 expression three freedom degree mixed magnetic bearings of the band arrow radially three freedom degree mixed magnetic bearing of control coil generation are radially controlled flux circuit, be with the radially static magnetic bias flux circuit of the solid line 34 expression two degrees of freedom hybrid magnetic bearing permanent magnets generations of arrow, the dotted line 35 expression two degrees of freedom hybrid magnetic bearings of the band arrow radially two degrees of freedom hybrid magnetic bearing of control coil generation are radially controlled flux circuit.
Embodiment
Be described further below in conjunction with embodiment.
The utility model is at first designed the alternating current-direct current three freedom degree mixed magnetic bearing, is exchanged the mechanical structure and the magnetic structure of two degrees of freedom hybrid magnetic bearing and axial DC active magnetic bearings; Design the mechanical structure of other associated components then, comprise left and right sides radial transducer support, left and right sides end cap, steel cylinder and spacing collar, and select single ball bearing as radially auxiliary bearing, aligning ball bearing as the radial-axial auxiliary bearing; Shaft position sensor and radial displacement transducer all adopt eddy current displacement sensor that the displacement of 5 degrees of freedom of system is detected, and the electric current in the control coil of alternating current-direct current three freedom degree mixed magnetic bearing, interchange two degrees of freedom hybrid magnetic bearing and axial DC active magnetic bearings adopts Hall current sensor to detect; The alternating current-direct current three freedom degree mixed magnetic bearing all adopts three-phase power inverter to drive with the radially control coil that exchanges the two degrees of freedom hybrid magnetic bearing, and the axial control coil of alternating current-direct current three freedom degree mixed magnetic bearing and axial DC active magnetic bearings adopts the dc switch power amplifier that Control current is provided; Adopt the high speed electric principal shaft system model machine body of TMS320F2812DSP, displacement detecting circuit, current detection circuit, three-phase power inverter drive circuit and the axial switch power amplification circuit of TI company and five degree of freedom supported by AC mixing magnetic bearing to make up displacement, the current double closed-loop numerical control system of the high speed electric principal shaft system of five degree of freedom supported by AC mixing magnetic bearing at last.
A preferred embodiment 1 of the present utility model:
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, the high speed electric principal shaft system of five degree of freedom supported by AC mixing magnetic bearing, its mechanical structure mainly constitute by being fitted in the alternating current-direct current three freedom degree mixed magnetic bearing 27 in the cover 17 in the steel cylinder, high-speed main spindle motor 28, interchange two degrees of freedom hybrid magnetic bearing 29, rotating shaft 3, right end cap 1 and left end cap 23.Among Fig. 1, shaft position sensor probe 2 is installed on the right end cap 1, is on the axial line of rotating shaft 3, detects the axial displacement of rotating shaft 3; Radially auxiliary bearing 4 is fixed in the right end cap 1; On 4 radial displacement transducers of right-hand member probe 61 evenly distributes, is fixed on right-hand member sensor stand 51 between right end cap 1 and the alternating current-direct current three freedom degree mixed magnetic bearing 27 along circumference, the radially displacement of 2 degrees of freedom of detection rotating shaft 3 right-hand members; High-speed main spindle motor 28 left and right sides are separately installed with spacing collar 132 and spacing collar 131, and spacing collar 132 left ends are near exchanging two degrees of freedom hybrid magnetic bearing 29, and spacing collar 131 right-hand members are near alternating current-direct current three freedom degree mixed magnetic bearing 27; Left end sensor stand 52 is near left end cap 23, and 4 radial displacement transducers probes of left end 62 evenly distribute, are fixed on the left end sensor stand 52 along circumference, detect the radially displacement of 2 degrees of freedom of rotating shaft 3 left ends; Between interchange two degrees of freedom hybrid magnetic bearing 29 and left end sensor stand 52 spacing collar 133 being installed carries out spacing; Radial-axial auxiliary bearing 22 is installed in the left end cap 23.
As Fig. 5～shown in Figure 8, alternating current-direct current three freedom degree mixed magnetic bearing 27 comprises rotating shaft 3, three freedom degree mixed magnetic bearing rotor 7, three freedom degree mixed magnetic bearing radially control coil 8, three freedom degree mixed magnetic bearing radial stator 9, three freedom degree mixed magnetic bearing permanent magnet 10, the axial control coil 11 of three freedom degree mixed magnetic bearing, three freedom degree mixed magnetic bearing axial stator 12.Three freedom degree mixed magnetic bearing rotor 7 is formed by the annular silicon steel plate stacking, in the shared rotating shaft 3 of the system that is sleeved on; Three freedom degree mixed magnetic bearing permanent magnet 10 is annular and radial magnetizing, and axially-radially magnetic bias magnetic flux 31 is provided simultaneously; Three freedom degree mixed magnetic bearing axial stator 12 adopts double-disk stator discs structure, the every three freedom degree mixed magnetic bearing axial stator 12 in the left and right sides has 3 heat dissipation ventilation holes that are circularly and evenly distributed, and left and right sides three freedom degree mixed magnetic bearing axial stator 12 forms left and right sides axial air-gap respectively with three freedom degree mixed magnetic bearing rotor 7; About 2 axial control coils 11 of three freedom degree mixed magnetic bearing respectively near about 2 three freedom degree mixed magnetic bearing axial stator 12, place the inboard, energising produces three freedom degree mixed magnetic bearing and axially controls magnetic flux 32; Three freedom degree mixed magnetic bearing radial stator 9 has 3 along the equally distributed three freedom degree mixed magnetic bearing radial stator of circumference magnetic pole 91,92 and 93, three freedom degree mixed magnetic bearing radial stator 9 is between 2 three freedom degree mixed magnetic bearing axial stator 12, forms radial air gap between 3 three freedom degree mixed magnetic bearing radial stator magnetic poles 91,92,93 and the three freedom degree mixed magnetic bearing rotor 7; Radially control coil 8 is on 3 three freedom degree mixed magnetic bearing radial stator magnetic poles 91,92,93 for 3 three freedom degree mixed magnetic bearings, and employing three-phase AC power inverter drives control, radially controls magnetic flux 33 to produce three freedom degree mixed magnetic bearing.
As Fig. 9 and shown in Figure 10, exchange two degrees of freedom hybrid magnetic bearing 29, comprise radially control coil 18 of rotating shaft 3, two degrees of freedom hybrid magnetic bearing rotor 21, two degrees of freedom hybrid magnetic bearing permanent magnet 20, two degrees of freedom hybrid magnetic bearing radial stator 19, two degrees of freedom hybrid magnetic bearing.Two degrees of freedom magnetic bearing rotor 19 is formed by the annular silicon steel plate stacking, in the shared rotating shaft 3 of the system that is sleeved on; Two degrees of freedom hybrid magnetic bearing radial stator 19 adopts the double-disk sextupole structure of 2 * 3 utmost points, the left and right sides every two degrees of freedom hybrid magnetic bearing radial stator 19 has along equally distributed 3 two degrees of freedom hybrid magnetic bearing radial stator magnetic poles, 191,192 and 193,3 two degrees of freedom hybrid magnetic bearing radial stators magnetic pole 191,192,193 of circumference and two degrees of freedom hybrid magnetic bearing rotor 19 formation radial air gaps; Two degrees of freedom hybrid magnetic bearing permanent magnet (20) is annular and axial charging, places between 2 two degrees of freedom hybrid magnetic bearing radial stators 19, and static magnetic bias magnetic flux 34 is provided; Two degrees of freedom hybrid magnetic bearing radially control coil 18 adopts the three-phase AC power inverter to drive control on 3 two degrees of freedom hybrid magnetic bearing radial stator magnetic poles 191,192,193, radially controls magnetic flux 35 to produce.
As shown in Figure 1, steel cylinder is made of cover 16 in steel cylinder overcoat 15 and the steel cylinder, has the spiral raceway groove that is used for system's water-cooling between the cover 16 in steel cylinder overcoat 15 and the steel cylinder.
According to the magnetic loop requirement, construct its mechanical structure and component structural; Magnetic circuit component needs magnetic property good, magnetic hysteresis is low, and reduce eddy current loss and magnetic hysteresis loss as far as possible, determine that thus three freedom degree mixed magnetic bearing rotor 7, two degrees of freedom hybrid magnetic bearing rotor 21 and axial DC active magnetic bearings rotor 26 all adopt the annular silicon steel plate stacking to form, in the shared rotating shaft 3 of the system that is sleeved on; Three freedom degree mixed magnetic bearing radial stator 9, three freedom degree mixed magnetic bearing axial stator 12, two degrees of freedom hybrid magnetic bearing radial stator 19 and axial DC active magnetic bearings stator 24 all adopt the annular silicon steel plate stacking to form.
According to the requirement of system to the mechanical assistance bearing, determine that radially auxiliary bearing 4 adopts single ball bearing, radial-axial auxiliary bearing 22 adopts the aligning ball bearing; Gas length between auxiliary bearing and the rotating shaft is half of magnetic bearing gas length.
All displacement transducers 2 in the system, 61 and 62 all adopt the displacement on 5 degrees of freedom of eddy current displacement sensor detection system, adopt Hall current sensor to detect radially control coil 8 of three freedom degree mixed magnetic bearing, the two degrees of freedom hybrid magnetic bearing is control coil 18 radially, electric current in axial control coil 11 of three freedom degree mixed magnetic bearing and the axial DC active magnetic bearings control coil 25, MS320F2812DSP is a core with the TI company's T, in conjunction with displacement detecting circuit, current detection circuit and power driving circuit make up the numerical control system of the high speed electric principal shaft system of supported by five-freedom-degree AC magnetic bearing.
As shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4, the high speed electric principal shaft system of five degree of freedom supported by AC mixing magnetic bearing, its mechanical structure, mainly 28,2 interchanges of the high-speed main spindle motor in the cover 17 two degrees of freedom hybrid magnetic bearing 29, axial DC active magnetic bearings 30, rotating shaft 3, right end cap 1 and left end cap 23 constitute in the steel cylinder by being fitted in; Among Fig. 3, radially auxiliary bearing 4 and radial-axial auxiliary bearing 22 are installed in respectively in right end cap 1 and the left end cap 23; Shaft position sensor probe 2 is installed on the right end cap 1, is on the axial line of rotating shaft 3, detects the axial displacement of rotating shaft 3; Axial DC active magnetic bearings 30 is installed near right end cap 1, its left side is a right-hand member sensor stand 51,4 radial displacement transducers of right-hand member probe 61 evenly distributes, is fixed on the right-hand member sensor stand 51 along circumference, detects the radially displacement of 2 degrees of freedom of rotating shaft 3 right-hand members; Interchange two degrees of freedom hybrid magnetic bearing 29 left and right sides of right-hand member have spacing collar 131 and spacing collar 134 respectively, and spacing collar 134 right-hand members are near right-hand member sensor stand 51, and spacing collar 131 left ends are near high-speed main spindle motor 28; Interchange two degrees of freedom hybrid magnetic bearing 29 left and right sides of left end have spacing collar 133 and spacing collar 132 respectively, spacing collar 132 right-hand members are near high-speed main spindle motor 28, spacing collar 133 left ends are near left end sensor stand 52,4 radial displacement transducers of left end probe 62 evenly distributes, is fixed on the left end sensor stand 52 of left end near left end cap 23 along circumference, detects the radially displacement of 2 degrees of freedom of rotating shaft 3 left ends.
Contrast Fig. 3, Fig. 4 and Fig. 1, Fig. 2 as can be seen, replace with the mechanical structure that interchange two degrees of freedom hybrid magnetic bearing and axial DC active magnetic bearings can obtain embodiment 2 with the alternating current-direct current three freedom degree mixed magnetic bearing in the mechanical structure of embodiment 1.Therefore, in the present embodiment, except the said structure characteristics, the execution mode of remainder can be referring to preferred embodiment 1.
Claims (9)
1, the high speed electric principal shaft system of supported by AC mixing magnetic bearing, comprise the alternating current-direct current three freedom degree mixed magnetic bearing (27), high-speed main spindle motor (28), interchange two degrees of freedom hybrid magnetic bearing (29), right end cap (1), left end cap (23) and the rotating shaft (3) that are fitted in the steel cylinder, it is characterized in that, high-speed main spindle motor (28) is installed in the rotating shaft (3), described alternating current-direct current three freedom degree mixed magnetic bearing (27) with exchange the left and right sides that two degrees of freedom hybrid magnetic bearing (29) is installed in high-speed main spindle motor (28) respectively; Shaft position sensor probe (2) is installed on the right end cap (1), is on the axial line of rotating shaft (3), detects the axial displacement of rotating shaft (3); Radially auxiliary bearing (4) is fixed in the right end cap (1); On 4 radial displacement transducers of right-hand member probes (61) evenly distribute, are fixed on right-hand member sensor stand (51) between right end cap (1) and the alternating current-direct current three freedom degree mixed magnetic bearing (27) along circumference, the radially displacement of 2 degrees of freedom of detection rotating shaft (3) right-hand member; High-speed main spindle motor (28) left and right sides is separately installed with spacing collar (132) and spacing collar (131), spacing collar (132) left end is near exchanging two degrees of freedom hybrid magnetic bearing (29), and spacing collar (131) right-hand member is near alternating current-direct current three freedom degree mixed magnetic bearing (27); Left end sensor stand (52) is near left end cap (23), and 4 radial displacement transducer probes of left end (62) evenly distribute, are fixed on the left end sensor stand (52) along circumference, detects the radially displacement of 2 degrees of freedom of rotating shaft (3) left end; Between interchange two degrees of freedom hybrid magnetic bearing (29) and left end sensor stand (52) spacing collar (133) being installed carries out spacing; Radial-axial auxiliary bearing (22) is installed in the left end cap (23).
2, the high speed electric principal shaft system of supported by AC mixing magnetic bearing, comprise the high-speed main spindle motor (28) that is fitted in the steel cylinder, 2 exchange two degrees of freedom hybrid magnetic bearing (29), axial DC active magnetic bearings (30), right end cap (1), left end cap (23) and rotating shaft (3), it is characterized in that, high-speed main spindle motor (28) is installed in the rotating shaft (3), described two interchange two degrees of freedom hybrid magnetic bearings (29) are installed in high-speed main spindle motor (28) left and right sides respectively, and described axial DC active magnetic bearings (30) is installed in the right side that the right side exchanges two degrees of freedom hybrid magnetic bearing (29); Radially auxiliary bearing (4) and radial-axial auxiliary bearing (22) are installed in respectively in right end cap (1) and the left end cap (23); Shaft position sensor probe (2) is installed on the right end cap (1), is on the axial line of rotating shaft (3), detects the axial displacement of rotating shaft (3); Axial DC active magnetic bearings (30) is installed near right end cap (1), its left side is right-hand member sensor stand (51), 4 radial displacement transducer probes of right-hand member (61) evenly distribute, are fixed on the right-hand member sensor stand (51) along circumference, detect the radially displacement of 2 degrees of freedom of rotating shaft (3) right-hand member; Interchange two degrees of freedom hybrid magnetic bearing (29) left and right sides of right-hand member has spacing collar (131) and spacing collar (134) respectively, spacing collar (134) right-hand member is near right-hand member sensor stand (51), and spacing collar (131) left end is near high-speed main spindle motor (28); Interchange two degrees of freedom hybrid magnetic bearing (29) left and right sides of left end has spacing collar (133) and spacing collar (132) respectively, spacing collar (132) right-hand member is near high-speed main spindle motor (28), spacing collar (133) left end is near left end sensor stand (52), 4 radial displacement transducer probes of left end (62) evenly distribute, are fixed on the left end sensor stand (52) of left end near left end cap (23) along circumference, detect the radially displacement of 2 degrees of freedom of rotating shaft (3) left end.
3, high speed electric principal shaft system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described alternating current-direct current three freedom degree mixed magnetic bearing (27) comprises three freedom degree mixed magnetic bearing rotor (7), three freedom degree mixed magnetic bearing radially control coil (8), three freedom degree mixed magnetic bearing radial stator (9), three freedom degree mixed magnetic bearing permanent magnet (10), the axial control coil of three freedom degree mixed magnetic bearing (11) and three freedom degree mixed magnetic bearing axial stator (12); Three freedom degree mixed magnetic bearing rotor (7) is formed by the annular silicon steel plate stacking, in the shared rotating shaft (3) of the system that is sleeved on; Three freedom degree mixed magnetic bearing permanent magnet (10) is annular and radial magnetizing, and axially-radially magnetic bias magnetic flux (31) is provided simultaneously; Three freedom degree mixed magnetic bearing axial stator (12) adopts double-disk stator discs structure, the every three freedom degree mixed magnetic bearing axial stator in the left and right sides (12) has 3 heat dissipation ventilation holes that are circularly and evenly distributed, and left and right sides three freedom degree mixed magnetic bearing axial stator (12) forms left and right sides axial air-gap respectively with three freedom degree mixed magnetic bearing rotor (7); About 2 axial control coils of three freedom degree mixed magnetic bearing (11) respectively near about 2 three freedom degree mixed magnetic bearing axial stator (12), place the inboard, energising produces three freedom degree mixed magnetic bearing and axially controls magnetic flux (32); Three freedom degree mixed magnetic bearing radial stator (9) has 3 along the equally distributed three freedom degree mixed magnetic bearing radial stator of circumference magnetic pole (91,92,93), three freedom degree mixed magnetic bearing radial stator (9) is between 2 three freedom degree mixed magnetic bearing axial stator (12), forms radial air gap between 3 three freedom degree mixed magnetic bearing radial stator magnetic poles (91,92,93) and the three freedom degree mixed magnetic bearing rotor (7); 3 three freedom degree mixed magnetic bearings radially control coil (8) on 3 three freedom degree mixed magnetic bearing radial stator magnetic poles (91,92,93), adopt the three-phase AC power inverter to drive control, radially control magnetic flux (33) to produce three freedom degree mixed magnetic bearing.
4, according to claim 1 and the described high speed electric principal shaft system of claim 2, it is characterized in that, described interchange two degrees of freedom hybrid magnetic bearing (29) comprises radially control coil (18) of two degrees of freedom hybrid magnetic bearing rotor (21), two degrees of freedom hybrid magnetic bearing permanent magnet (20), two degrees of freedom hybrid magnetic bearing radial stator (19), two degrees of freedom hybrid magnetic bearing, two degrees of freedom magnetic bearing rotor (19) is formed by the annular silicon steel plate stacking, in the shared rotating shaft (3) of the system that is sleeved on; Two degrees of freedom hybrid magnetic bearing radial stator (19) adopts the double-disk sextupole structure of 2 * 3 utmost points, the left and right sides every two degrees of freedom hybrid magnetic bearing radial stator (19) has along equally distributed 3 the two degrees of freedom hybrid magnetic bearing radial stator magnetic poles of circumference (191,192,193), and 3 two degrees of freedom hybrid magnetic bearing radial stator magnetic poles (191,192,193) form radial air gap with two degrees of freedom hybrid magnetic bearing rotor (19); Two degrees of freedom hybrid magnetic bearing permanent magnet (20) is annular and axial charging, places between 2 two degrees of freedom hybrid magnetic bearing radial stators (19), and static magnetic bias magnetic flux (34) is provided; Two degrees of freedom hybrid magnetic bearing radially control coil (18) adopts the three-phase AC power inverter to drive control on 3 two degrees of freedom hybrid magnetic bearing radial stator magnetic poles (191,192,193), radially controls magnetic flux (35) to produce.
5, according to claim 1 or the described high speed electric principal shaft system of claim 2, it is characterized in that, described steel cylinder is made of cover (17) in steel cylinder overcoat (16) and the steel cylinder, has the spiral raceway groove that is used for system's water-cooling between the cover (17) in steel cylinder overcoat (16) and the steel cylinder.
According to claim 1 or the described high speed electric principal shaft system of claim 2, it is characterized in that 6, described radially auxiliary bearing (4) adopts single ball bearing, radial-axial auxiliary bearing (22) adopts the aligning ball bearing.
According to claim 1 or the described high speed electric principal shaft system of claim 2, it is characterized in that 7, described displacement sensor probe (2,61,62) all adopts electric vortex displacement sensor probe.
8, high speed electric principal shaft system according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, described alternating current-direct current three freedom degree mixed magnetic bearing radially control coil (8) with exchange the two degrees of freedom hybrid magnetic bearing radially control coil (18) all adopt three-phase power inverter to drive; The axial control coil of described alternating current-direct current three freedom degree mixed magnetic bearing (11) adopts the dc switch power amplifier that Control current is provided; The employing Hall current sensor detects the electric current in each control coil.
9, high speed electric principal shaft system according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, described interchange two degrees of freedom hybrid magnetic bearing radially control coil (18) adopts three-phase power inverter to drive, and described axial DC active magnetic bearings control coil (25) adopts the dc switch power amplifier that Control current is provided; The employing Hall current sensor detects the electric current in each control coil.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CNU2008202161169U CN201307808Y (en) | 2008-11-28 | 2008-11-28 | High-speed electric main shaft supported by alternating current hybrid magnetic bearing |
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| CNU2008202161169U CN201307808Y (en) | 2008-11-28 | 2008-11-28 | High-speed electric main shaft supported by alternating current hybrid magnetic bearing |
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| CN201307808Y true CN201307808Y (en) | 2009-09-09 |
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| CN102921971A (en) * | 2012-11-21 | 2013-02-13 | 江苏大学 | High-speed magnetic suspension electric main shaft for five-freedom numerically-controlled machine tool |
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