The utility model content
For addressing the above problem, the purpose of this utility model provides a kind of device of solar generating, it adopts duplexing matter binary cycle system, utilizing the low boiling organic working medium is gasifiable characteristics at low temperatures, the heat that absorbs conduction oil makes it gasification, the acting of promotion turbine drives generator and produces electric energy, is electric energy and hot water with conversion of solar energy.
For achieving the above object, the utility model is by the following technical solutions:
A kind of device of solar generating is made up of collecting system, injection system and electricity generation system; It is characterized in that: collecting system is made up of height reflection parabolic minute surface, heat collector, filter, branch oil cylinder, uplink cycle pump, downlink cycle pump, oil-collecting cylinder, fluid up-hill line, the descending pipeline of fluid; The outlet of this heat collector is connected with the inlet of fluid up-hill line, and the inlet of heat collector is connected with the outlet of the descending pipeline of fluid; Described filter, branch oil cylinder, uplink cycle series connection of pumps are on the fluid up-hill line, and described downlink cycle pump, oil-collecting cylinder are connected on the descending pipeline of fluid; Injection system is in parallel with the descending pipeline of fluid, injection system is made of filling pump, expansion slot, hot oil pump, deep fat storage tank, the oiling pipeline is connected across between the entrance and exit of the descending pipeline of described fluid, and filling pump, expansion slot, hot oil pump, deep fat storage tank are connected on the oiling pipeline successively; Described electricity generation system is by evaporimeter, the secondary preheater, turbine, engine, a preheater, condenser, working medium circulating pump is formed, the shell-side outlet of evaporimeter is communicated with the inlet of turbine by working medium gas phase pipeline, the outlet of turbine is communicated with the shell-side inlet of a preheater by weary letter shoot, the shell-side outlet of a preheater is communicated with condenser through a connecting tube, the condensate outlet of condenser is communicated with the pipe side entrance of a preheater through the working medium liquid pipe, the pipe side outlet of a preheater is communicated with the shell-side inlet of secondary preheater through return duct, and the shell-side outlet of secondary preheater is communicated with the shell-side inlet of evaporimeter through No. two connecting tubes; The pipe side entrance of evaporimeter is connected with the outlet of fluid up-hill line by a pipe joint, the pipe side outlet of evaporimeter is connected with the pipe side entrance of secondary preheater by No. three connecting tubes, and the pipe side outlet of secondary preheater is connected with the inlet of the descending pipeline of fluid by No. two pipe joints; Described working medium circulating pump is arranged on the working medium liquid pipe, and the descending pipeline of described fluid, oiling pipeline, working medium gas phase pipeline are provided with by-pass valve control.
Cross-over connection has by-pass line between described working medium gas phase pipeline and the weary letter shoot, and this by-pass line is provided with by-pass valve control.
Be provided with cross over pipe between described minute oil cylinder and the oil-collecting cylinder, this cross over pipe is provided with by-pass valve control.
Described condenser is air cooled condenser or water cooled condenser.
The utility model has following actively useful effect:
The conduction oil of the utility model by flowing in the solar energy heating heat collector, conduction oil heats the low boiling organic working medium again, and the organic working medium after the gasification promotes the generating of turbine power generation unit, belongs to duplexing matter binary cycle system.Conduction oil is a kind of good organic hot supporting agent, has higher thermal capacity and than low viscosity.The initial boiling point of conduction oil will exceed several times than evaporation of water temperature under normal pressure.Conduction oil does not still gasify under 300 ℃ condition and keeps normal pressure, and the water vapour of saturation pressure is up to 8.5MPa at this moment.Replace traditional hot supporting agent of water vapour with conduction oil, just can replace the pressure piping system with the low pressure pipeline system.
Conduction oil also has heat transfer evenly, Heat stability is good and good thermal conduction characteristic.For example in the time of 100 ℃, the thermal conductivity factor of saturated vapor is 0.0237W/ (m. a ℃), and the thermal conductivity factor of Mobiltherm 605# conduction oil in the time of 100 ℃ is 0.127W/ (m. ℃), is 5.35 times of water vapour, long transmission distance, heat loss are little, can obtain heat under multiple different temperatures.
Conduction oil is applicable to flow to heat else uses hot equipment.The conduction oil cooling velocity is low, and temperature fluctuation changes little, and the heat transfer efficiency height can be used as stable heating thermal source.
The conduction oil aromatic-free is a kind of atoleine, and outward appearance is yellowish tasteless, overstrike gradually after the heating.Conduction oil does not need to adopt the processing procedure of giving complexity such as water desalination, deoxygenation of similar vapour system to common carbon steel equipment and the essentially no corrosiveness of pipeline, therefore has advantages such as system's simple transport convenience.
Conduction oil adopts the heat exchange of liquid phase mode, and with respect to the heat exchange of vapour phase mode, the advantage of liquid phase heat-exchange system is can not leak, the operation simple and stable.
The utility model makes full use of that the conduction oil circulating pressure is low, heating process has only temperature to raise and the characteristics of generating gasification, conduction oil temperature stabilization not, can reach the heating of flowing, obtain little, the stable thermic load of fluctuation range, evaporimeter is little by the high volume of heat-conducting oil heating, efficient that flows, device of solar generating can effectively be controlled, stable operation, and the electric weight that sends is stable.
Utilizing the low boiling organic working medium is gasifiable characteristics at low temperatures, and the heat that absorbs conduction oil makes it gasification, enters the turbine acting, drives generator and produces electric energy, and can obtain byproduct such as hot water.
Condenser can be air (wind) cooling, also can be water-cooled.Air cooling is fit to the water-deficient area to be used.
On the working medium closed circuit, be provided with preheater and secondary preheater.Twice pre-hot liquid low boiling organic working medium can fully be recycled the waste heat of cyclic process, improved device of solar generating efficient.
The specific embodiment
Number in the figure
3 fens oil cylinders of 1 high reflection parabolic minute surface 2 filters
4 uplink cycle pumps, 5 downlink cycle pumps, 6 oil-collecting cylinders, 7 filling pumps
8 expansion slots, 9 hot oil pumps, 10 deep fat storage tanks, 11 oiling pipelines
Descending pipeline 14 evaporimeters of 12 fluid up-hill lines, 13 fluid
No. 17 preheaters of 15 secondary preheaters, 16 turbines
18 air cooled condensers, 19 working medium circulating pumps, 20 working medium gas phase pipelines
21 weary No. 22 connecting tubes of letter shoot 23 working medium liquid pipes
25 No. two connecting tube 26 by-pass valve controls of 24 return duct
28 No. two pipe joint 29 by-pass valve controls of No. 27 pipe joints
30 by-pass valve controls, 31 by-pass lines, 32 by-pass valve controls
33 by-pass valve controls, 34 blower fans, 35 generators
36 cross over pipes, 37 by-pass valve controls, 38 water cooled condensers
39 circulating water pipelines, 40 shaft couplings, 41 heat collectors
43 No. three connecting tubes of 42 water circulating pumps
Embodiment one
Please refer to Fig. 1, the utility model is a kind of device of solar generating, is made up of collecting system, injection system and electricity generation system; Collecting system is made up of height reflection parabolic minute surface 1, heat collector 41, filter 2, branch oil cylinder 3, uplink cycle pump 4, downlink cycle pump 5, oil-collecting cylinder 6, fluid up-hill line 12, the descending pipeline 13 of fluid;
The outlet of this heat collector 41 is connected with the inlet of fluid up-hill line 12, and the inlet of heat collector 41 is connected with the outlet of the descending pipeline 13 of fluid;
Filter 2, branch oil cylinder 3, uplink cycle pump 4 are connected on the fluid up-hill line 12, and described downlink cycle pump 5, oil-collecting cylinder 6 are connected on the descending pipeline 13 of fluid;
Injection system is connected in parallel on the descending pipeline 13 of fluid, injection system is made of filling pump 7, expansion slot 6, hot oil pump 9, deep fat storage tank 10, oiling pipeline 11 is connected across between the entrance and exit of the descending pipeline 13 of fluid, and filling pump 7, expansion slot 8, hot oil pump 9, deep fat storage tank 10 are connected on the oiling pipeline 11 successively;
Electricity generation system is by evaporimeter 14, secondary preheater 15, turbine 16, a preheater 17, air cooled condenser 18, working medium circulating pump 19 is formed, the shell-side outlet of evaporimeter 14 is communicated with the inlet of turbine 16 by working medium gas phase pipeline 20, the outlet of turbine 16 is communicated with the shell-side inlet of a preheater 17 by weary letter shoot 21, the shell-side outlet of a preheater 17 is communicated with air cooled condenser 18 through a connecting tube 22, the condensate outlet of air cooled condenser 18 is communicated with the pipe side entrance of a preheater 17 through working medium liquid pipe 23, the pipe side outlet of a preheater 17 is communicated with the shell-side inlet of secondary preheater 15 through return duct 24, and the shell-side outlet of secondary preheater 15 is communicated with the shell-side inlet of evaporimeter 14 through No. two connecting tubes 25;
The pipe side entrance of evaporimeter 14 is connected with the outlet of fluid up-hill line 12 by a pipe joint 27, the pipe side outlet of evaporimeter 14 is connected with the pipe side entrance of secondary preheater 15 by No. three connecting tubes 43, the pipe side outlet of secondary preheater 15 is connected with the inlet of the descending pipeline 13 of fluid by No. two pipe joints 28, and working medium circulating pump 19 is arranged on the working medium liquid pipe 23; The descending pipeline 13 of fluid is provided with by-pass valve control 26; The two ends of oiling pipeline 11 are provided with by- pass valve control 29,30; Working medium gas phase pipeline 20 is provided with by-pass valve control 32.
Cross-over connection has by-pass line 31 between working medium gas phase pipeline 20 and the weary letter shoot 21, and this by-pass line 31 is provided with by-pass valve control 33.
Divide between oil cylinder 3 and the oil-collecting cylinder 6 to be provided with cross over pipe 36, this cross over pipe 36 is provided with by-pass valve control 37.
Electricity generation system of the present utility model adopts the low boiling organic working medium, can be pentane, isopentane, pentamethylene, chloroethanes, n-hexane, normal butane, iso-butane, F-11, F-12, carrene etc.
The operation principle of this device is described in detail in detail below:
Conduction oil in the solar energy heating heat collector 41 that the high reflection of utilization parabolic minute surface 1 gathers together makes its temperature reach certain value.When valve 26 is opened, valve 29,30 is closed, under the driving of uplink cycle pump 4, downlink cycle pump 5, conduction oil flows out from the outlet of heat collector 41, flow through successively filter 2, divide oil cylinder 3 to be sent to each evaporimeter 14, to return the inlet of heat collector 41 through secondary preheater 15, oil-collecting cylinder 6 then, said process goes round and begins again, and forms circulation, in this process, the heat transferred that conduction oil is entrained the low boiling organic working medium.
The effect of filter 2 is to filter conduction oil.Dividing the effect of oil cylinder 3 is that deep fat is distributed, and flows to a plurality of evaporimeters 14, realizes that a heat collector 41 drives a plurality of electricity generation systems.The effect of oil-collecting cylinder 6 is that each oil return with hot equipment is put together.
The effect of evaporimeter 14 is to use the heat-conducting oil heating of evaporimeter 14 pipe side flow in the low boiling organic working medium that evaporimeter 14 shell-sides flow, and makes its gasification.
The effect of deep fat storage tank 10 is to store deep fat.The effect of expansion slot 8 is to accept conduction oil expansion overflow, and conduction oil injects heat collector 41 through expansion slot 8, oiling pipeline 11.
When device of solar generating was stopped transport, conduction oil was got back in deep fat storage tank 10 and the expansion slot 8.Guarantee the security and the maintainability of device of solar generating.
The effect of secondary preheater 15 is to preheat the low boiling organic working medium that flows at secondary preheater 15 shell-sides for the second time, makes it obtain certain temperature, to reclaim the conduction oil sensible heat, improves the device cycle efficieny.Turbine 16 is connected by shaft coupling 40 with generator 35.
The effect of turbine 16 is that the entrained energy of low boiling organic working medium after the gasification is converted into mechanical energy, and drives generator 35 rotations.The effect of generator 35 is to produce electric energy.
The effect of a preheater 17 is low boiling organic working medium that preheating is for the first time liquefied by air cooled condenser 18, to reclaim weary gas sensible heat, improves the device cycle efficieny.
The effect of air cooled condenser 18 is with the weary gas liquefaction of low boiling organic working medium.Air cooling is fit to the water-deficient area to be used.Working medium circulating pump 19 promotes liquid low boiling organic working medium and flows.
Blower fan 34 is low-temperature receivers of air cooled condenser 18.
When valve 32 is opened, valve 33 turn-offs, and is entered the mouth for the low boiling organic working medium gas of certain pressure and temperature enters turbine 16 by the heat-conducting oil heating gasification evaporimeter 14 in, expand and do work, heat energy is changed into mechanical energy, and turbine 16 drives generator 35 generatings, and mechanical energy is changed into electric energy.
The weary gas of discharging from turbine 16 outlet enters the pipe side that preheater 17 shell-sides preheat the low boiling organic working medium after the liquefaction and then enter air cooled condenser 18 successively and liquefies.Low boiling organic working medium after the liquefaction enters preheater 17 pipe sides and is preheated, enters secondary preheater 15 shell-sides for the first time and preheated for the second time under the promotion of working medium circulating pump 19, enter the shell-side of evaporimeter 14 then, finishes circulation.
Embodiment two
Please refer to Fig. 2, the structure and the operation principle of present embodiment and the foregoing description are basic identical, and difference is that present embodiment adopts water cooled condenser 38, and water circulating pump 42, circulating water pipeline 39 are auxiliary equipment of water cooled condenser 38.
Water cooled condenser 38 can also produce 60-80 ℃ hot water.Hot water can also or be used for domestic water as the power source of other commercial plant.
Close when valve 32, valve 33 is opened, and is generated electricity without turbine 16 actings by the low boiling organic working medium gas of heat-conducting oil heating gasification for certain pressure and temperature in evaporimeter 14.Water cooled condenser 38 can produce hot water.
During enforcement, module and several electricity generation systems of being made up of several collecting systems and injection system can be made up mutually.