Background technology
Data acquisition link in the industry automatic control, because the difference of technical development, key element that it constituted and standard also are various, and be of a great variety.In general, earlier by leading company such as American AB B in the world, Siemens and Sony corporation of Japan etc. takes the lead in race in front, other cling on one's trail in the back.Domestic at this industry field still for falling behind, 80% or more in, large-scale robot control system(RCS) all directly selects expensive import equipment for use, has only the cheap product of 20% use domestic imitation.External data acquisition teletransmission mode has two-wire system, three-wire system, four-wire system and compensating wire etc., and domestic have this several standards too, and therefore the sensing transducer that derives from is various in style especially, makes the user be difficult to follow.
The precision of tradition distributor, external 0.2%~0.3%, domestic 0.25%~0.5%, distribution voltage falls Δ U and is 10V (18.5V~28.5V) both at home and abroad.This distribution isolation safe grid precision is 0.05%~0.1%, and distribution pressure drop Δ U=0.8V (19.0V~19.8V).The comprehensive industrial process data of control automatically takes link need measure many different physical quantitys, has generally included pressure, liquid level, weight, humiture, flow, electric weight or the like.Because of the teletransmission mode difference between different physical quantities, then be divided into two-wire system (pressure distributor) again, three-wire system (resistance and temperature transmitter), compensating wire (thermocouple temperature transmitter), four-wire system (electric parameters transducer).From save investment and energy savings undoubtedly two-wire system be best, but in actual use, but its shared market share is minimum, it is less demanding only to be used in those, the place of measuring pressure, liquid level, why is this again? the performance that mainly is traditional distributor is generally done not high, and institutes such as three-wire system, four-wire system, compensating wire use transmitter precision state external enwergy to accomplish 0.1%, domestic also have 0.15%~0.2%, their employed power supplys are to supply with in addition, do not have the problem of pressure drop.Has the high advantage of performance just because of compare with traditional two-wire system distributor, so its market share is progressively increasing on the contrary, even some famous producers such as ABB AB just do not produced the distributor similar products like, and fully with three, all kinds transmitter replacement of four-wire system.
The utility model content
Technical matters to be solved of the present utility model provides a kind of distribution isolation safe grid, and these distribution isolation safe grid can reach high precision when adopting two-wire system.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical scheme that the utility model adopted is:
A kind of distribution isolation safe grid is characterized in that, comprise that positive-negative power forms circuit, sine wave oscillation circuit, modulating frequency shaping circuit, distribution voltage formation circuit, signal picker, I/I conversion amplification driver and isolation rectification output circuit; Described positive-negative power forms circuit, sine wave oscillation circuit, modulating frequency shaping circuit and distribution voltage formation circuit and is connected in series the back output voltage successively to spot sensor; One end of described I/I conversion amplification driver is electrically connected with the output terminal of modulating frequency shaping circuit by first transformer (being the F1 among Fig. 1 and Fig. 2); The other end of described I/I conversion amplification driver connects the isolation rectification output circuit by second transformer (being the F2 among Fig. 1 and Fig. 2); Described signal picker inserts the current signal from spot sensor output, the signal stack end of the described I/I conversion of its output termination amplification driver.
Described signal picker adopts mirror image circuit; The current signal of a mirror image termination spot sensor output of this mirror image circuit, the signal stack end of the described I/I conversion of another mirror image termination amplification driver.
Described mirror image circuit is made up of the triode T2 and the T3 of 2 NPN types, and the b utmost point short circuit of triode T2 and T3, the e of triode T2 and T3 be ground connection extremely all, and the b of triode T3 and c utmost point short circuit also connect the signal output part of spot sensor; The c utmost point of triode T2 connects the signal stack end of I/I conversion amplification driver.
Described I/I conversion amplification driver is: an end of the secondary of described first transformer connects an end of second transformer by first diode (being the DS3 among Fig. 2), the other end of the secondary of described first transformer connects the other end of second transformer by second diode (being the DS4 among Fig. 2), be parallel with electric capacity and rheostat between the tap on the first transformer secondary and the former limit of second transformer, described signal stack end is drawn in the tap of the second transformer secondary.
Described positive-negative power forms 2 operational amplifiers of employing of circuit and exports positive and negative reference voltage respectively.
Described modulating frequency shaping circuit adopts the TCA965 chip.
Described distribution voltage forms circuit and joins by the 3rd transformer (being the F3 among Fig. 1 and Fig. 2) and modulating frequency shaping circuit; The output-stage circuit that described distribution voltage forms circuit adopts 7820 chips.
The beneficial effect that the utility model had has:
This distribution isolation safe grid combine the teletransmission of data acquisition link and become many drawbacks of serving, start with from the advantage of two-wire system, the shortcoming of the main attack two-wire system precision not enough (0.2%~0.5%) and the distribution voltage range of decrease excessive (Δ U=10V), innovative design many unique circuit, make its precision reach 0.05%~0.1%, range of decrease Δ U=0.8V, therefore use the two-wire system of this product of distribution isolation safe grid, overall performance item item all is higher than three, four-wire system, it has saved the teletransmission lead over half and the energy over half, the former is apparent, the latter also understands easily, because can replace sensing transducer and two products of isolator with distribution isolation safe grid.Moreover, all only use unique distribution isolation safe grid for taking on-the-spot any physical quantity data, and the difference input that realization is used sensings such as temperature, pressure, electric weight, not directly to receive on the two-wire system of distributor, they all are the inputs of on-the-spot sensing transducer, on-the-spot sensing transducer obtains a stable 20V distribution voltage from distributor, at input end and thermal resistance, thermopair, bridge circuit, even the sensor that changes electric capacity to connect all be very easily.Top indication universal contact (UVC) just is meant here.Spot sensor modulates 4~20mA signal with these different input unifications and transmits on two-wire system.This method with Yi Daifan makes the user select to become easily simple with alternate products, can be subjected to market user's welcome surely.
The forgone shortcoming of traditional two-wire system of this distribution isolation safe grid makes the precision taller (0.05%~0.1%) of its conversion accuracy than the transmitter of external three, four-wire system, and the distribution voltage pressure drop only is 0.8V, can satisfy the power requirement of sensing transducer fully.Shortcoming becomes advantage, it is more outstanding that advantage just seems, with finish power supply and signal long-distance transmissions with a pair of line, its investment is saved with the energy conservation meaning very huge, it is over half that the network of wires that is used for automatic control in the factory is reduced virtually, thus not the exaggeration say that it is a major transformation on the industry automatic control institutional structure, must not regard it the improvement of simple some elements on performance as, it is playing a part milestone aspect the development raising of industry automatic control.We wish to obtain the strictness examination approval of patent mechanism, again it are generally pushed market.In market, collect enough feedback informations, hold the theoretical summit of scientific research institution of the same trade then in the whole nation, through discussion and be defined as industry standard, for country even international automatic control cause are made due contribution.
Embodiment
The utility model is described in further detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Embodiment 1:
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, the concrete analysis of each several part circuit is as follows:
(1), positive-negative power forms circuit :+24V DC input is through simple Dr
1, Dr
2, C
5, C
6And R
11The positive and negative 11V DC that produces a general performance supplies with U
3The LM833 amplifier is passed through R again
6, D
R3Obtain the reference voltage of a 10V, pass through R
P1And R
P2Be adjusted at diverse location, respectively at U
3.7And U
3.1Two amplifier output terminals obtain one and stablize high-precision 10V positive-negative power, are other each key element power supply.
(2), voltage-controlled LC sine wave oscillation circuit (being 10KC modulating frequency generator): it is by R
1, C
1, L, T1 and coupling capacitance C
9, C
10Form, by capacity coupled LC voltage controlled oscillator, the characteristics of frequency stabilization are arranged, this has just established a very important basis for the stable square wave of back modulating frequency shaping circuit output.
(3), the modulating frequency shaping circuit, used a high-precision window element TCA965, it introduces sine voltage through input resistance R from the inferior limit of coil L
2Deliver to 3,9 ends of TCA965,10,7 end short circuits, 6,11 terminations+10V DC, 1 termination-10V ,+10V is through R
3Connect 13 ends, as square wave output, 13 ends are through R
4Connect 8 ends, C is held in 8 end crosstalks
2Receive-10V, change R
4C
2Numerical value just changed the dutycycle of square wave, the square wave of 13 ends output is respectively to F
1And F
2Send modulated square wave.
(4), distribution voltage forms circuit such as accompanying drawing, inferior limit of F3 obtains a strict symmetrical square wave from the modulating frequency shaping circuit.Pass through D again
S1, D
S2Full-wave rectification and C
3Input 1,2 ends of 7820 three-terminal voltage-stabilizing elements are delivered in filtering, and at the distribution voltage of a stable 20V DC of 7820 output 3,2 ends output, through C
4External connection terminal A is delivered in filtering again
3, A
2On, because integrated circuit 7820 itself has the function of short-circuit protection, thereby guarantee to deliver to on-the-spot electric current and voltage always in safe range.
(5), Acquisition Circuit shown in the drawings, be actually mirror image isolating circuit commonly used, its 4~20mA signal of returning from the scene through T
3, T
2Separate, be transferred to equivalent 4~20mA circuit on the I/I change-over circuit superimposed with modulated square wave.Be noted that especially and want the strict T that selects symmetry when using
2With T
3Pipe is in order to avoid produce bigger error.
(6), I/I change-over circuit shown in the drawings, similar to this part circuit of traditional distributor, I/I conversion is to be undertaken by the first limit of F2, there is a constant symmetrical square wave on inferior limit of F1, passes through D
S3And D
S4Rectification also is serially connected in F
3Just the upper and lower side on limit passes through the F2 mid point on limit just again, and C flows through
7, R
P3, T
2Get back to level mid point GND F1 time.If the input be a 20mA electric current, through foregoing circuit flow through F2 elementary also be 20mA, first limit by electric current big, pressure drop is also big.Because the F1 square-wave voltage is constant, leave T so for
2Collector (C
7Positive pole) voltage just reduced naturally because the F2 pressure drop on limit just adds C
7The positive and negative terminal pressure drop and, equal the constant square wave value on F1 time grade.So be referred to as stack, but stride across transformer isolation, can be referred to as modulation again from direct current signal.
(7), the isolation rectification output circuit, just relatively directly perceived simple, use D
S4, D
S5, D
S6, D
S7Make bridge rectifier, pass through C again
8B is received in filtering
1(+), B
3(-) lead-out terminal is at B
1, B
3Between cross-over connection the voltage stabilizing diode D of a 6.0V
R4, this is a holding circuit, and the user uses 4~20mA port, disconnects because of certain fault makes external circuit again, and this moment is in order to guarantee B
1, B
3Hold the unlikely too high voltages that occurs to damage other elements, allow electric current through D
R4, terminal voltage maintains 6V, can recover normal 4~20mA signal transmission in case fault is excluded.If the input AI port of user's computer is that 1~5V can be with B
1, B
2Short circuit utilizes 250 Ω precision resistances in the machine, the last special user that reminds, if 4~20mA port that you use, its input impedance is again 100~250 Ω scopes, and just need do impedance matching in the hope of the highest output accuracy this moment.Its method is the input impedance of having known with you, and for example R=100 Ω selects a R again for use
xWith B
2, B
3Precision resistance 250 parallel connections make two resistance value R ' in parallel
x=150 Ω make R+R '
x=250 Ω, at this moment output accuracy can guarantee more than 0.1%.
This distribution isolation safe grid, it is novel that its design proposal and circuit are formed, and is different from traditional distributor fully.It is by 24V DC power supply, allows power supply to have+5%~-10% error, and process ± 10V DC forms circuit, waits each circuit link that stable positive-negative power is provided to back 10KC frequency generator (being sine wave oscillation circuit).10KC modulating frequency generator is made up of the LC self-oscillation circuit that voltage-controlled parts amplify, it is to sine wave that peak value is 20V of shaping circuit output, the modulating frequency shaping circuit is through the strict symmetrical rectangular wave of a peak-peak 15V of multiple measure formation such as amplitude limit, slicing, and harmonic ratio is less than 0.1%.The 15V square-wave voltage promotes through the F1 transformer, again through overcommutation, voltage stabilizing, breech lock, carries the 20V DC distribution voltage that short-circuit protection is arranged to spot sensor.Because in the Acquisition Circuit of this distribution isolation safe grid, need the pressure drop of 0.8V, so the power supply reality that on-the-spot sensing transducer can use is 19.0V~19.8V DC, the amplitude, ao U=10V of the 18.5V in this and the traditional distributor~28.5V swing is much smaller, the former is the latter's 1/12.5, a well power supply easily again is provided for the design of on-the-spot sensing transducer.I/I conversion and amplification driving circuit are obtained 4~20mA signal stack (also can be referred to as modulation) that square-wave voltage and converter are sent here from F1, again through the F2 isolation.Rectifying and wave-filtering is carried a high precision, three purified signals of isolating to the AI of computing machine port, makes computer system away from the industrial environment that serious electronic pollution is arranged, the continual operation operation of safety and stability.
This distribution isolation safe grid, first circuit module is exactly that positive and negative 10V DC power supply forms circuit, it is not simple with general positive-negative power three-terminal voltage-stabilizing element, for example 78,79 series serial connections form, because use the sort of conventional method, can not stablize the indirect place GND of positive-negative power, GND can be along with the also just also negative drift up and down of the variation of positive-negative power load.This circuit has been taked many innovative measures, has stablized the level of GND, owing to there has been stable positive-negative power to offer each treatment circuit, has therefore improved the overall precision of distribution isolation safe greatly, and its contribution is 0.05% after measured.
It has produced a harmonic ratio less than 0.1% strict symmetrical square wave with the sine wave of a 20V through many innovative measures such as amplitude limit, slicings modulating frequency shaping circuit module.It goes the modulation signal precision high than routine with sine wave, after measured overall precision is also had 0.05 contribution rate.
In the I/I change-over circuit, to directly not superpose (modulation) through the square wave that F1 isolates but signal acquisition circuit, the feedback signal geometric ratio will be separated with the 4~20mA signal that sends from the scene, obtain identical 4~20mA signal, the square wave stack of sending here with F1 again thereby only cause that in Acquisition Circuit the distribution voltage of 0.8V falls, be 1/12.5 of traditional distributor pressure drop, greatly facilitate the design of in-situ transducer.Above-mentioned innovation circuit provides valuable contribution for the raising of this distribution isolation safe grid overall performance.
In the I/I change-over circuit, the I/I conversion is by isolating transverter (being transformer) F
3Realize F
3The mathematical model of transverter is N
1I
1+ I=N
2I
2, wherein I is an exciting current, it is that just the limit is exclusive.Clearly it brings non-linear to I/I conversion, but in the modulation supercircuit, low side 4mA is superimposed upon on the high voltage 5.5V, and high-end being superimposed upon on the low-voltage 3V, utilize these characteristics to carry out nonlinear compensation, make low side obtain high-gain, the high-end low gain that obtains, it provides 0.05 contribution rate again for the complete machine precision after measured. Claim 2,3,4, the 5th, the core innovation circuit of this distribution isolation safe grid; need obtain patent protection especially; wherein 2,3,5 three are improved 0.05% to overall precision again separately; therefore just make the complete machine precision from traditional 0.2%~0.25% having brought up to 0.05% both at home and abroad, in like product, become the solely elegant outstanding person of a family.