CN201262408Y - Hot primary air bypass apparatus of coal-burning boiler - Google Patents

Hot primary air bypass apparatus of coal-burning boiler Download PDF

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Publication number
CN201262408Y
CN201262408Y CNU200820029754XU CN200820029754U CN201262408Y CN 201262408 Y CN201262408 Y CN 201262408Y CN U200820029754X U CNU200820029754X U CN U200820029754XU CN 200820029754 U CN200820029754 U CN 200820029754U CN 201262408 Y CN201262408 Y CN 201262408Y
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China
Prior art keywords
air
primary air
hot
preheater
heat primary
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Expired - Fee Related
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CNU200820029754XU
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
王春昌
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Xian Thermal Power Research Institute Co Ltd
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Xian Thermal Power Research Institute Co Ltd
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/34Indirect CO2mitigation, i.e. by acting on non CO2directly related matters of the process, e.g. pre-heating or heat recovery

Abstract

The utility model relates to a hot primary air bypass device of a coal burning boiler. A hot primary air bypass pipeline is additionally arranged in an original air supply system of the boiler, namely the hot primary air bypass device is additionally arranged on an original hot primary air pipeline, therefore, the original hot primary air is divided into two ways, one way of air is supplied into a coal pulverizing system along the original hot primary air pipeline, so as to satisfy the needs of drying output of pulverization and carrying coal powder; and the other way of air is supplied into hot secondary air by the hot primary air bypass device. Therefore, by the way of increasing the hot primary air passing through an air preheater, and reducing the temperature of the hot primary air, cold primary air doped in the coal pulverizing system is reduced and the aim of reducing the exhaust gas temperature of the boiler is achieved; simultaneously, by controlling the bypass hot primary air, the aim of adjusting and controlling the exhaust gas temperature of the boiler is achieved, thus playing the role of a fan heater or a hot air circulating device to a certain extent. For new units, when the primary air volume and the adjustment capacity of the hot primary air bypass are both large enough, the hot primary air bypass device can even replace the fan heater or the hot air circulating device.

Description

A kind of heat primary air shunting device of coal-burning boiler
Technical field
The utility model relates to the air-supply arrangement of pulverized-coal fired boiler, is specifically related to a kind of heat primary air shunting device of coal-burning boiler.
Background technology
When the pulverized coal preparation system of fired power generating unit coal-burning boiler is provided with, to exert oneself in order to ensure the drying of pulverized coal preparation system, heat primary air amount and temperature all leave certain safety factor usually; Simultaneously, in order to control the wind powder temperature (needs of pulverized coal preparation system safety anti-explosive) of coal pulverizer outlet, pulverized coal preparation system has all designed a cold wind shunting device.When coal pulverizer goes out one's intention as revealed in what one says powder temperature drift, then open the air door of big first cooling by wind wind bypass, increase the flow of a cold wind, to reduce the inlet wind-warm syndrome degree of coal pulverizer, control the purpose that coal pulverizer goes out one's intention as revealed in what one says powder temperature thereby reach.
In practice, it is in fact higher or air quantity is bigger than normal caused by a heat time wind-warm syndrome degree that coal pulverizer goes out one's intention as revealed in what one says powder temperature drift, its physical meaning is that the drying capacity of heat primary air is than the drying of the actual needs of the pulverized coal preparation system height of exerting oneself, for this reason, must control coal pulverizer by mixing of a cold wind and go out one's intention as revealed in what one says powder temperature.This shows that coal pulverizer goes out one's intention as revealed in what one says powder temperature and is actually and controlled by the amount of heat primary air and temperature thereof and cold primary air flow and temperature thereof.
For existing unit, under existing blowing device situation, the whereabouts of boiler heat primary air only has pulverized coal preparation system one tunnel, when the heat that carries when wind is exerted oneself greater than the powder process drying, be in operation, can only be by reducing the heat primary air amount, the mode that increases cold primary air flow guarantees that coal pulverizer goes out one's intention as revealed in what one says powder temperature in the security clearance value.The consequence of doing like this is to enter the hot blast air quantity minimizing of burner hearth by air preheater, and enters the cold wind air quantity increase of burner hearth by pulverized coal preparation system, thereby causes exhaust gas temperature to raise, and the performance driving economy of unit descends.That is to say, under existing air-supply arrangement, be to guarantee the safety of pulverized coal preparation system to sacrifice unit economy, is a kind of more helpless way.
For various reasons, still can't come primary air flow and temperature thereof reasonable in design according to the needs of pulverized coal preparation system at present, therefore, when carrying out the design of primary air flow and wind-warm syndrome, often leave certain safety factor (being that primary air flow and temperature leave the needs that certain surplus guarantees that the pulverized coal preparation system drying is exerted oneself).Nonetheless, the small part unit problem of the dry undercapacity of pulverized coal preparation system still can occur after putting into operation.That is to say,, still can't solve at present most of unit back boiler milling system that puts into operation by the method that reduces safety factor and mix the excessive problem of cold primary air flow from design aspect.
The essence that the problems referred to above occur is that heat primary air only has pulverized coal preparation system one tunnel whereabouts, therefore, can only control coal pulverizer by the mode that increases or reduce the heat primary air amount and go out one's intention as revealed in what one says powder temperature.This shows, solve the coal-burning boiler pulverized coal preparation system and mix the excessive problem of cold primary air flow, effective method is to be in operation not only to reduce the amount of heat primary air, and should solve the coal-burning boiler pulverized coal preparation system by the method that increases the heat primary air amount and mix the excessive problem of cold primary air flow.Accomplish this point, can guarantee that again rational coal pulverizer goes out one's intention as revealed in what one says powder temperature simultaneously, existing systems and equipment can't solve this difficult problem.Therefore, must improve existing systems and equipment, obtain the purpose that reduces the heat primary air temperature to reach under the prerequisite that does not reduce or increase the heat primary air amount, this improves the coal-burning boiler performance driving economy and has great practical significance reducing exhaust gas temperature.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this utility model is to overcome the shortcoming of above-mentioned prior art, a kind of cold wind (promptly directly entering the cold wind of burner hearth) air quantity minimizing that the heat primary air amount that enters pulverized coal preparation system is increased and mix pulverized coal preparation system is provided, finally reach the reduction exhaust gas temperature, the heat primary air shunting device of a kind of coal-burning boiler of the purpose of raising unit operation economy.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution adopted in the utility model is: comprise pressure fan and air preheater, be provided with air preheater import air channel between pressure fan and the air preheater, air preheater also is connected with wind inlet air channel of air preheater, the outlet of air preheater is separately installed with hot secondary air channel road and heat primary air pipeline, said heat primary air pipeline is connected by the heat primary air bypass duct with hot secondary air channel road, and also is provided with stop valve and damper on this heat primary air bypass duct.
Wind inlet air channel of air preheater of the present utility model is connected with air preheater import air channel, and at the inlet in a wind inlet air channel of air preheater the heat primary air machine is installed; Air preheater import air channel and air preheater also are provided with steam air heater on a wind inlet air channel; Preheater exports and also is provided with the hot air circulation pipeline that links to each other with pressure fan on the hot secondary air channel road, and also is provided with hot air circulation stop valve and hot air circulation damper on the hot air circulation pipeline; Wind inlet air channel of air preheater extends to outside the preheater import air channel, and at the inlet in a wind inlet air channel of air preheater cold primary air fan is installed; Air preheater import air channel and air preheater also are provided with steam air heater on a wind inlet air channel; Preheater exports and also is provided with the hot air circulation pipeline that links to each other with pressure fan on the hot secondary air channel road, and also is provided with hot air circulation stop valve and hot air circulation damper on the hot air circulation pipeline.
The utility model is connected the hot secondary air channel road of heat primary air pipeline with the preheater outlet by the heat primary air bypass duct, the heat primary air that will flow through air preheater is divided into two the tunnel, one tunnel (being former heat primary air) is main road, still makes the dry-heat air of pulverized coal preparation system; The bypass that another Lu Weicong main road is told, this bypass is connected with hot secondary wind air channel.By this bypass, the part heat primary air enters hot secondary wind air channel, and enters burner hearth with hot secondary wind.Like this, the heat primary air amount that flows through air preheater is increased, make to enter the total hot blast air quantity increase of burner hearth; The temperature of heat primary air then decreases, thereby cold wind (promptly directly entering the cold wind of burner hearth) the air quantity minimizing that the heat primary air amount that enters pulverized coal preparation system is increased and mix pulverized coal preparation system, finally reach the reduction exhaust gas temperature, improve the purpose of unit operation economy.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is schematic diagram the utility model the has steam air heater heat primary air machine, no do not have heated air circulation device, that newly establish the air-supply arrangement behind heat primary air bypath system and the device thereof;
Fig. 2 is for that the utility model has is the heat primary air machine, the band steam air heater, newly establish the schematic diagram of air-supply arrangement behind heat primary air bypath system and the device thereof;
Fig. 3 is for that the utility model has is the heat primary air machine, the band heated air circulation device, newly establish the schematic diagram of air-supply arrangement behind heat primary air bypath system and the device thereof;
Fig. 4 is schematic diagram the utility model has steam air heater cold primary air fan, no do not have heated air circulation device, that newly establish the air-supply arrangement behind heat primary air bypath system and the device thereof;
Fig. 5 is for that the utility model has is cold primary air fan, the band steam air heater, newly establish the schematic diagram of air-supply arrangement behind heat primary air bypath system and the device thereof;
Fig. 6 is for that the utility model has is cold primary air fan, the band heated air circulation device, newly establish the schematic diagram of air-supply arrangement behind heat primary air bypath system and the device thereof;
Number in the figure is represented respectively: 1, pressure fan, 2, air preheater import air channel, 3, the heat primary air machine, 4, wind inlet air channel of air preheater, 5, steam air heater, 6, air preheater; 7, hot secondary air channel road, 8, heat primary air pipeline, 9, the hot air duct of heated air circulation device, 10, the cut-off gate of heated air circulation device, 11, the damper of heated air circulation device, 12, cold primary air fan, 13, heat primary air trunk line, 14, heat primary air bypass duct, 15, the cut-off gate of heat primary air bypath system and device thereof, 16, the damper of heat primary air bypath system and device thereof.
The specific embodiment
The utility model is described in further detail below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
Embodiment 1: referring to Fig. 1, present embodiment comprises pressure fan 1 and air preheater 6, be provided with air preheater import air channel 2 between pressure fan 1 and the air preheater 6, wind inlet air channel 4 of air preheater is connected with air preheater import air channel 2, and the inlet in a wind inlet air channel 4 of air preheater is equipped with heat primary air machine 3, the outlet of air preheater 6 is separately installed with hot secondary air channel road 7 and heat primary air pipeline 8, the heat primary air that airduct road 8 of self-heating comes out removes coal pulverizer through heat primary air trunk line 13, the hot secondary air channel road 7 of heat primary air pipeline 8 and air preheater outlet is connected by heat primary air bypass duct 14, and also is provided with stop valve 15 and damper 16 on this heat primary air bypass duct 14.
The heat primary air bypass duct 14 that present embodiment is newly established in original heat primary air pipeline 8, by this heat primary air bypass duct 14 the part heat primary air is switched to hot secondary air channel road 7, in heat primary air bypass duct 14, be provided with cut-off gate 15 and damper 16, so that regulate the flow (comprising 0 flow) of bypass heat primary air when needed.Thereby, make the unit coal-burning boiler time can regulate the flow of bypass heat primary air according to actual needs in operation, satisfy that the powder process drying is exerted oneself and the prerequisite of safe operation of the boiler needs under, effectively and in time reduce exhaust gas temperature.
Embodiment 2: referring to Fig. 2, present embodiment also is provided with steam air heater 5 on air preheater import air channel 2 and wind inlet air channel 4 of air preheater.Other annexation is with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 3: referring to Fig. 3, present embodiment exports at preheater and also is provided with the hot air circulation pipeline 9 that links to each other with pressure fan 1 on the hot secondary air channel road 7, and also is provided with hot air circulation stop valve 10 and hot air circulation damper 11 on hot air circulation pipeline 9.Other annexation is with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 4: referring to Fig. 4, wind inlet air channel 4 of air preheater extends to outside the preheater import air channel 2 in the present embodiment, and the inlet in a wind inlet air channel 4 of air preheater is equipped with cold primary air fan 12.Other annexation is with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 5: referring to Fig. 5, also be provided with steam air heater 5 in the present embodiment on air preheater import air channel 2 and wind inlet air channel 4 of air preheater.Other annexation is with embodiment 4.
Embodiment 6: referring to Fig. 6, preheater exports and also is provided with the hot air circulation pipeline 9 that links to each other with pressure fan 1 on the hot secondary air channel road 7 in the present embodiment, and also is provided with hot air circulation stop valve 10 and hot air circulation damper 11 on hot air circulation pipeline 9.Other annexation is with embodiment 4.
The utility model is by setting up the heat primary air bypass duct in original supply air system, the heat primary air amount that flows through air preheater is increased, because the increase of heat primary air air quantity, it increases from the total amount of heat that air preheater absorbs thereupon, but owing to only have the heat primary air amount to increase, and flue gas flow is constant.Calculated as can be known by boiler heating power, under the situation of heat primary air amount increase by 10%, its caloric receptivity only increases about 6%, and so, the temperature that then can reduce heat primary air is about more than 10 ℃.Like this, the hot blast temperature that enters pulverized coal preparation system is reduced, reach with this understanding and keep under the constant precondition of coal pulverizer outlet temperature, the heat primary air amount that enters pulverized coal preparation system must increase, and the cold primary air flow that enters pulverized coal preparation system then reduces thereupon.This shows: setting up the heat primary air bypath system and installing is feasible in theory.Its essence then is to reduce the cold primary air flow mix pulverized coal preparation system, and it is sent into burner hearth by air preheater and heat primary air bypath system and device thereof, thereby reaches the purpose that reduces exhaust gas temperature.
In the actual supply air system of boiler that adopts the triplasy air preheater, the blast of a wind is far above the blast of secondary wind, and both form certain pressure reduction; Simultaneously, because the resistance of pulverized coal preparation system is far longer than the pressure reduction between the hot primary and secondary air, therefore, heat primary air can flow into secondary air system naturally, and system need not increase power-equipment, only needs design cut-off gate and air quantity damper to get final product.This shows: setting up the heat primary air bypath system and installing is feasible in practice, and very simple, easy to implement.
After adopting the heat primary air bypass, the heat primary air amount by air preheater must increase, and cold primary air flow then reduces thereupon.Because the resistance (throttling action) of a cold wind is suitable with the resistance of air preheater, therefore, the total change in resistance of primary air fan is very little.This shows, set up resistance and power consumption that the heat primary air bypass does not increase primary air system basically, but can obviously reduce exhaust gas temperature, improve the economy of boiler thermal output and unit.
The drying of pulverized coal preparation system is exerted oneself and is changed with coal, season and weather, after adopting the utility model, the safety factor that the pulverized coal preparation system drying is exerted oneself can more amplify, and can effectively solve the put into operation problem of the dry undercapacity of back pulverized coal preparation system of part of generating units like this; Be in operation, then can reduce the cold wind that mixes (even not mixing) pulverized coal preparation system, can make the design of pulverized coal preparation system and operation regulate all masterly like this by heat primary air bypath system and device thereof.
Exhaust gas temperature also with coal, season and round the clock and unit load change, after adopting the utility model, unit is when the night underrun, if exhaust gas temperature is lower than the minimum temperature that pre-anti-low-temperature corrosion and stifled ash require, then can improve the exhaust gas temperature of boiler by the mode that the heat primary air air quantity of heat primary air bypath system and device thereof is flow through in minimizing; Otherwise, then can reduce exhaust gas temperature by the mode that the heat primary air air quantity of heat primary air bypath system and device thereof is flow through in increase.This shows that heat primary air bypath system and device thereof (its amplitude of accommodation compares less for steam air heater and heated air circulation device) to a certain extent can play the effect of (under certain condition even alternative it) steam air heater and heated air circulation device.Like this, can regulate exhaust gas temperature at any time according to the ruuning situation of unit by heat primary air bypath system and device, under the condition that guarantees safe operation of the boiler (cold end corrosion and clogging phenomenon do not take place), reduce exhaust gas temperature to greatest extent, improve the performance driving economy of unit.
The utility model is adapted to the coal-burning boiler of employing three warehouse separated type air preheaters of the various air-supply arrangements of employing of the various combustion systems of various capacity.To the boiler that puts into operation, be easy to implement to transform, and do not increase any power-equipment; For newly-built unit boiler, adopt the utility model, can make the design of pulverized coal preparation system more reliable, reach and guarantee to satisfy that the pulverized coal preparation system drying is exerted oneself and the purpose that do not influence exhaust gas temperature.
Compare with the air-supply arrangement of existing equipment, the technique effect that the utility model and utility model are brought is:
1, can obviously reduce the cold primary air flow that pulverized coal preparation system mixes, make combustion air pass through more air Enter burner hearth after the preheater heating, thereby reach the purpose of obvious reduction exhaust gas temperature, improve boiler The thermal efficiency and unit economy.
2, for newly-built and active service unit boiler, the adjusting by the heat primary air bypass can change pulverized coal preparation system The air quantity of dry wind and wind-warm syndrome, thus the accommodation that pulverized coal preparation system changes coal-fired moisture improved.
3, the adjusting control exhaust gas temperature that the utility model can be by bypass heat primary air amount is necessarily Degree on play the effect of steam air heater or heated air circulation device. Safe operation to unit underload at night And the control of the economy during heavy-duty service is advantageous particularly.
4, be adapted to employing three warehouse separated types of the various air-supply arrangements of employing of the various combustion systems of various capacity The active service of air preheater and new construction of coal-fired boiler.
The utility model system is very simple, and is easy to implement, and former air channel external form need not done any change; Do not need to increase power-equipment, do not need to transform primary air fan yet, be convenient to very much implement.

Claims (7)

1. the heat primary air shunting device of a coal-burning boiler, comprise pressure fan (1) and air preheater (6), be provided with air preheater import air channel (2) between pressure fan (1) and the air preheater (6), air preheater (6) also is connected with a wind inlet air channel of air preheater (4), the outlet of air preheater (6) is separately installed with hot secondary air channel road (7) and heat primary air pipeline (8), it is characterized in that: said heat primary air pipeline (8) is connected by heat primary air bypass duct (14) with hot secondary air channel road (7), and also is provided with stop valve (15) and damper (16) on this heat primary air bypass duct (14).
2, the heat primary air shunting device of coal-burning boiler according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: a wind inlet air channel of said air preheater (4) is connected with air preheater import air channel (2), and the inlet in a wind inlet air channel of air preheater (4) is equipped with heat primary air machine (3).
3, the heat primary air shunting device of coal-burning boiler according to claim 2 is characterized in that: also be provided with steam air heater (5) on the wind inlet air channel of said air preheater import air channel (2) and air preheater (4).
4, the heat primary air shunting device of coal-burning boiler according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: said preheater exports and also is provided with the hot air circulation pipeline (9) that links to each other with pressure fan (1) on the hot secondary air channel road (7), and also is provided with hot air circulation stop valve (10) and hot air circulation damper (11) on hot air circulation pipeline (9).
5, the heat primary air shunting device of coal-burning boiler according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: a wind inlet air channel of said air preheater (4) extends to outside the preheater import air channel (2), and the inlet in a wind inlet air channel of air preheater (4) is equipped with cold primary air fan (12).
6, the heat primary air shunting device of coal-burning boiler according to claim 5 is characterized in that: also be provided with steam air heater (5) on the wind inlet air channel of said air preheater import air channel (2) and air preheater (4).
7, the heat primary air shunting device of coal-burning boiler according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: said preheater exports and also is provided with the hot air circulation pipeline (9) that links to each other with pressure fan (1) on the hot secondary air channel road (7), and also is provided with hot air circulation stop valve (10) and hot air circulation damper (11) on hot air circulation pipeline (9).
CNU200820029754XU 2008-07-25 2008-07-25 Hot primary air bypass apparatus of coal-burning boiler Expired - Fee Related CN201262408Y (en)

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102287912A (en) * 2011-07-25 2011-12-21 周利庆 Safe and energy-saving air heating device without air duct resistance
CN105090929A (en) * 2015-08-28 2015-11-25 山东英电节能科技有限公司 Hot primary air waste-heat utilization device used by being coupled with low-pressure economizer
CN105526599A (en) * 2016-01-26 2016-04-27 华北电力大学 Clean type coal-fired boiler smoke discharging waste heat quality improving using system
CN105526598A (en) * 2016-01-26 2016-04-27 华北电力大学 Low-exergy-loss bypass type primary air temperature regulating system
CN107855210A (en) * 2017-12-08 2018-03-30 西安热工研究院有限公司 Supercritical unit medium-speed pulverizer outlet temperature optimal control for energy saving system and method
CN109210910A (en) * 2018-07-27 2019-01-15 浙江浙能富兴燃料有限公司 A method of utilizing coal-burning power plant's Secondary Air dried biomass

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102287912A (en) * 2011-07-25 2011-12-21 周利庆 Safe and energy-saving air heating device without air duct resistance
CN105090929A (en) * 2015-08-28 2015-11-25 山东英电节能科技有限公司 Hot primary air waste-heat utilization device used by being coupled with low-pressure economizer
CN105526599A (en) * 2016-01-26 2016-04-27 华北电力大学 Clean type coal-fired boiler smoke discharging waste heat quality improving using system
CN105526598A (en) * 2016-01-26 2016-04-27 华北电力大学 Low-exergy-loss bypass type primary air temperature regulating system
CN105526599B (en) * 2016-01-26 2018-05-25 华北电力大学 The upgrading of clean type coal-burning boiler smoke discharging residual heat utilizes system
CN107855210A (en) * 2017-12-08 2018-03-30 西安热工研究院有限公司 Supercritical unit medium-speed pulverizer outlet temperature optimal control for energy saving system and method
CN109210910A (en) * 2018-07-27 2019-01-15 浙江浙能富兴燃料有限公司 A method of utilizing coal-burning power plant's Secondary Air dried biomass

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Granted publication date: 20090624

Termination date: 20130725