CN201260960Y - Novel reactor - Google Patents
Novel reactor Download PDFInfo
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- CN201260960Y CN201260960Y CNU200820301178XU CN200820301178U CN201260960Y CN 201260960 Y CN201260960 Y CN 201260960Y CN U200820301178X U CNU200820301178X U CN U200820301178XU CN 200820301178 U CN200820301178 U CN 200820301178U CN 201260960 Y CN201260960 Y CN 201260960Y
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a novel reaction kettle which comprises a reaction kettle body, a stirring shaft and a stirring paddle which are both arranged at the inner part of the reaction kettle body, and an air suction pipe arranged at the upper end of the reaction kettle body, wherein the stirring paddle is positioned at the free end of the stirring shaft which is also provided with a self-suction stirring paddle, the self-suction stirring paddle is positioned above the stirring paddle, the upper part of the stirring shaft is provided with a suction hole communicated with the reaction kettle, and the self-suction stirring paddle is provided with an air outlet communicated with the suction hole. The utility model can improve the air content ratio in a reaction system and the transformation ratio of reaction substances, reduces the green coke, has simple structure and convenient use, and can be used for the gas-liquid or gas-liquid-solid reaction.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of novel reaction kettle, relate in particular to a kind of novel reaction kettle that gas-liquid or gas-liquid are reacted admittedly that is used for, specifically can be widely used in courses of reaction such as DCL/Direct coal liquefaction hydrogenation process, oxidation reaction, heavy-oil hydrogenation reaction, sweat and sewage disposal.
Background technology
Coal is the foundation stone of Chinese energy safety, and for a long time, people generally are used for boiler combustion with solid raw coal form, carries out oil product and the fuel gas that processing and refining is fit for various uses with production unlike oil and natural gas before using, to improve its added value.The added value of coal utilization is very low, so the coal utilization efficient of China is far away from developed countries such as Japan, the U.S..Simultaneously, contain impurity elements such as a large amount of sulphur and nitrogen in the raw coal, when acting as a fuel burning, produce a large amount of pernicious gases such as SO with the raw coal form
2, nitrogen oxide and dust, cause environmental pollution, the harm humans living environment.Secondly, difference is very big along with the place of production, coalfield for impurity content, moisture, physical characteristic, calorific value and combustion characteristics etc. in the solid raw coal, for example the water content in the water content height in southern coalfield, northern coalfield is low, the calorific value of brown coal is low, the anthracitic calorific value height of bituminous coal, and the difference of ature of coal has just limited the popularity and the economy of coal clean utilization.In addition, the chemical constitution of coal own is extremely complicated, and the coal molecule mainly is with cyclic aromatic compounds such as monocycle, dicyclo, three rings, particularly by big molecular composition such as condensed-nuclei aromatics or heterocyclic arene, this ring shaped molecule structure chemical property is stable, is difficult to take place cracking or cracking reaction.
Yet, but minimizing day by day along with the recover petroleum resource, oil price rises steadily, and the coal liquefaction technology that people began one's study at the beginning of the last century came into one's own behind the seventies again in last century, and people's attempt will preserve the coal that enriches and is transformed into the synthetic liquid fuel of being convenient to transport and matching in excellence or beauty with oil.Simultaneously, more and more higher for the dependence of oil along with the rapid growth of Chinese national economy, coal liquefaction becomes one of grand strategy that ensures China's national energy security.Direct coal liquefaction technology is the oil replacement product with the abundant in coal resource conversion, can alleviate the oil pressure, can efficiently utilize coal resources again, also can satisfy the increased requirement of China's rapid economic development to oil simultaneously.
The coal liquefaction reactor is one of the most key equipment in the DCL/Direct coal liquefaction technology, because coal liquefaction generally is at high temperature, high pressure and faces under the hydrogen environment and carry out, and the material that enters into reactor often contains impurity elements such as sulphur and nitrogen, to generate hydrogen sulfide and ammonia with hydrogen reaction, so the coal liquefaction reactor needs high temperature resistant, high pressure and corrosion-resistant with corrosivity and penetrating odor.In addition, because hydrogenation liquefaction is an exothermic reaction, its reaction heat is bigger, therefore also needs to guarantee flash heat transfer, mass transfer between the gas-liquid-solid three-phase, and so harsh service condition is brought great difficulty to reactor design and manufacturing.The reactor of DCL/Direct coal liquefaction process using mostly is the circulation flow reactor of single bubbling bed, fluid bed or band forced circulation etc. at present.These single-reactors are difficult to satisfy simultaneously the long time of staying, the vapor phase hydrogen of lightweight liquiefied product the needs short time of staying, difficult liquefaction coal and heavy liquiefied product needs and need higher mass transfer rate and long requirements such as reaction time in gas-liquid-solid three-phase reaction system.
At present, the used reactor of floating bed hydrogenation mostly is the up-flow reactor that goes out on advancing under the material in the world, is added with the coke discharging mouth at reactor bottom simultaneously, Jiao who generates in the course of reaction can be attached on catalyst or the pulverized coal particle, and discharges outside the reactor with it.But because the coke ratio that generates than thickness, in the hot environment of reactor, will follow the catalyst granules or the unreacted coal dust of high dispersive be agglomerated into piece together for burnt that is deposited on reactor bottom, can't discharge reactor, finally also can stop up reactor.For Jiao that will generate discharges reactor, generally adopt the method for circulating pump to improve the linear velocity of the liquid material in the reactor, thereby giving rise to the top of reactor, Jiao that will generate exports.The method of this employing circulating pump still exists problem, because for circulating pump, the gas content in the recycle stock is low more, and its linear velocity is high more, and gas content is high more in the reaction liquid, and the speed of coal liquefaction reaction is fast more.Another problem be can't guarantee the outer circulation pump can be under high temperature, high pressure long-term operation continuously, in case circulating pump breaks down, Jiao of generation will deposit to reactor bottom rapidly, cause package unit to stop.
Traditional common loop reactor considers from the endless form that changes material, and what rely on the circulation tube is used for improving the linear velocity of liquid in reactor, and then improves the lifting force of liquid to solid particle, and Jiao is given rise to the reactor head outlet.But traditional common loop reactor can not thoroughly solve suspended-bed reactor in hydrocracking process coke in the bottom rendezvous problem.In addition, traditional common loop reactor exists following shortcoming: (1) liquid linear velocity height will inevitably cause the material back-mixing, makes the fresh feed that enters in the reactor, and complete reaction is not just from the discharge of top discharge mouth for some, and the conversion ratio of coal dust is low; (2) the liquid linear velocity height causes the hydrogen rate of climb also fast, and the gas holdup of hydrogen in liquid phase is just lower, the hydrogenation weak effect; (3) the liquid linear velocity height causes that residence time of material shortens under the same terms, and the conversion ratio of coal dust is low; (4) hydrogen in the liquid charging stock between circulation drum outer wall and reactor wall is less, and the green coke phenomenon is serious; Gas-liquid separation zone is arranged at (5) traditional circulation flow reactor top, the easy coking of inwall; (6) traditional circulation flow reactor top is gas-liquid separation zone, and the dischargeable capacity of reactor only is the 70-80% of reactor volume.
Chinese patent CN2547391Y provides a kind of circulation flow reactor of bidirectional discharge function up and down that has.It mainly adopts at inside reactor and the circulation tube is set and the method for tangential admission mouth is set at reactor bottom, both had flow reactor gas holdup height traditionally, advantage that the reaction volume utilization rate is high, eliminated the shortcoming of the easy coking of traditional circulation flow reactor again, but owing to adopted circulation flow reactor, may also can produce coking phenomenon, and the structure of reactor complexity.
Chinese patent CN200940132Y provides a kind of DCL/Direct coal liquefaction reactor, is to be contained in jointly in the housing of same cylindrical shape inner lining refractory by air flow bed and bubbling bed, and air flow bed is last, and the bubbling bed is following.Its advantage is that multiple-hearth amasss mass transfer surfaces and increased hundreds of times, accelerates mass transfer rate; Secondly, coal slurry can repeatedly enter reactor; At last, thus nozzle can form percussion flow can realize mixing of slurry atomizing and droplet and hydrogen well.But its shortcoming is, when coal slurry repeatedly enters reactor, still uses the outer circulation pump inevitably.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of can improve the gas holdup of gas in reaction system, improve the conversion ratio of reactant and reduce simple in structure, the easy to operate novel reaction kettle of green coke.
For achieving the above object, the utility model adopts following technical scheme:
A kind of novel reaction kettle, comprise the reactor body, place the shaft and the paddle of reactor body interior and place the air intake duct of reactor body upper end, described paddle is positioned at the free end of shaft, paddle preferably adopts pusher paddle, also be provided with self-priming paddle on the described shaft, described self-priming paddle is positioned at the top of paddle, and described shaft top is provided with the suction hole that is communicated with reactor, and described self-priming paddle is provided with the venthole that is connected with suction hole.
Annulus and outer toroid were provided with blade between interior annulus, the outer toroid in described self-priming paddle comprised; Annulus is with hollow shaft tight fit in described, and interior annulus is provided with the venthole that is connected with suction hole on the hollow shaft.
Described shaft is made up of solid shaft a, hollow shaft and solid shaft b, shaft between described suction hole and the self-priming paddle is the hollow shaft, shaft between described self-priming paddle and the paddle is solid shaft a, the top of reactor body is fixed in the upper end of solid shaft b, connect by pipe collar between lower end and the hollow shaft, pipe collar is provided with the suction hole that is connected with the hollow shaft.
The port of export of described air intake duct passes described reactor body and places the lower end of paddle.
The bottom of reactor body is fixed in the lower end of described solid shaft a by axle sleeve.
Described suction hole vertically is provided with vertically, and distributes vertically with helical form.
The height of described reactor body is 3-12 with the ratio of its internal diameter.
The diameter of described hollow shaft is 0.02-0.5 with the ratio of the internal diameter of reactor body, is preferably 0.05-0.3, most preferably is 0.08-0.15.
The novel reaction kettle that provides of the present utility model is a kind of reactor with circulating device in the self-priming gas with marker method under the last charging.This reactor has the following advantages:
(1) compares with traditional up-flow reactor, the utility model does not need to use the outer circulation pump, but has self-priming paddle in the inside reactor setting, make material keep full back-mixing state, eliminate the local heat effect that may cause owing to the existence of exothermic reaction in the reactor at inside reactor.Ratio of height to diameter of the present utility model is 0.02-0.5, is preferably 0.05-0.3, most preferably is 0.08-0.15, is lower than the ratio of height to diameter of traditional reaction response device, can effectively reduce the back-mixing degree of material.
(2) compare with traditional up-flow reactor or circulating reactor, the paddle that the utility model adopts is pusher paddle, and it has the function of disperseing air inlet, suspension coal dust and catalyst, can reduce the coking of reaction system behind long-play.Therefore pusher paddle cooperates the mode that goes up the charging bottom discharge, can effectively reduce the deposition of solid particles such as catalyst, coal dust and Jiao at reactor bottom arc place.
(3) compare with traditional up-flow reactor, gas constantly enters hollow shaft from suction hole in whole reaction system, discharges from venthole then, has improved the gas holdup of whole reaction system.
(4) the Flow of Goods and Materials direction of the reactor that provides of the utility model is from the reactor its top feed, discharges from the bottom, is convenient to gas and separates with liquid, solid particle.
(5) reactor that provides of the utility model is when being used for coal liquefaction, and small part hydrogen enters reactor with coal, catalyst, solvent from material inlet, not only can improve the charging rate of raw material coal slurry, and can prevent the coal slurry deposition.Most of hydrogen enters from the reactor bottom through air intake duct, and hydrogen contacts with the bottom of raw material coal slurry at reactor, has increased the safety coefficient of pipeline.
(6) the traditional up flow type and the liquid charging of circulation flow reactor enter from reactor bottom, discharge from reactor head, the kinetic energy that the power of discharging relies on feed pump to provide, when running into contingency or device power failure, the coal slurry that is full of in the whole reactor can't be discharged smoothly.Involved in the present invention to the liquid charging of reactor enter from reactor head, discharge from reactor bottom.The power of discharging relies on the high pressure of reactor top and the pressure differential between the post-processing unit, when running into contingency or device power failure, can the liquid in the reactor all be discharged by pressure differential.
(7) traditional reactor liquid when rotating at a high speed can produce meniscus, and the utility model hollow shaft is provided with suction hole and coupled logical venthole, can effectively avoid the generation of meniscus.Like this, along with the not stall of shaft is moving, liquid will be higher than the axially-movable of liquid in traditional shaft reactor far away in the axially-movable of reactor inside.The turbulent extent difference is little everywhere in reactor inside, and gas holdup is evenly distributed.Simultaneously, because the rotation of shaft is even along bubble and solid particulate distributions in each axial zone of reactor.Thereby the liquid level in the reactor still keeps constant along with the rotation of shaft, thereby this reactor can be realized batch (-type) or continous way operation.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present utility model;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of self-priming paddle.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment the utility model is further described.
See figures.1.and.2, a kind of novel reaction kettle, comprise reactor body 5, place the shaft and the paddle 8 of reactor body 5 inside and place the air intake duct 1 of reactor body upper end, described paddle 8 is positioned at the free end of shaft, also be provided with self-priming paddle 14 on the described shaft, described self-priming paddle 14 is positioned at the top of paddle, and described shaft top is provided with the suction hole 7 that is communicated with reactor, described suction hole 7 vertically is provided with vertically, and distributes vertically with helical form; Described self-priming paddle 14 is provided with the venthole 13 that is connected with suction hole 7.The top of reactor body 5 is provided with material inlet 2 and gas vent 3, and the bottom is provided with material outlet 6.Paddle 8 preferably adopts pusher paddle.
With reference to Fig. 2, annulus 17 and outer toroid 16 in described self-priming paddle 14 comprises are provided with blade 18 between interior annulus 17, the outer toroid 16; Annulus 16 is with hollow shaft 4 tight fits in described, and interior annulus 17 is provided with the venthole 13 that is connected with suction hole 7 on the hollow shaft 4.
Described shaft is made up of solid shaft a10, hollow shaft 4 and solid shaft b15, shaft between described suction hole 7 and the self-priming paddle 14 is a hollow shaft 4, shaft between described self-priming paddle 14 and the paddle 8 is solid shaft a10, the top of reactor body 5 is fixed in the upper end of solid shaft b15, connect by pipe collar 11 between lower end and the hollow shaft 4, pipe collar 11 is provided with the suction hole 7 that is connected with hollow shaft 4.The bottom of reactor body 5 is fixed in the lower end of described solid shaft a10 by axle sleeve 9.The port of export of described air intake duct 1 passes described reactor body and places the lower end of paddle 8.
The height of described reactor body 5 is 3-12 with the ratio of its internal diameter, and the diameter of described hollow shaft 4 is 0.02-0.5 with the ratio of the internal diameter of reactor body 5, is preferably 0.05-0.3, most preferably is 0.08-0.15.
Below in conjunction with DCL/Direct coal liquefaction technology the utility model is further described.
The brown coal that the HY98-B moulded coal sample pulverizer made from Nanchang red swallow coal sample preparation company produces the Dongsheng are pulverized, hit formula standard vibrating sieving machine with the ZDS-200 top then the coal after pulverizing is sieved, get granularity and carry out the direct liquefaction experiment less than 160 orders and 200 order coal dusts.The analysis result of the brown coal that produce the Inner Mongol is as shown in table 1.
The analysis data of the brown coal that produce table 1 Inner Mongol
| Divide bleed % | Ash content % | Volatile matter % | Fixed carbon % | High calorific power MJ/Kg | Low heat valve MJ/Kg | Full sulphur % | Carbon % | Hydrogen % | Nitrogen % | Oxygen % |
| 5.94 | 19.84 | 20.50 | 53.72 | 23.59 | 22.88 | 1.60 | 61.1 | 2.79 | 0.69 | 8.06 |
The 150g granularity is mixed less than 160 order brown coal, 300g naphthane, get paste mixture; Described paste mixture is imported to the reactor of the present utility model that internal volume is 1000ml from material inlet 2, behind nitrogen replacement, charge into hydrogen from air intake duct 1 in the reactor body in the reactor, the initial pressure of hydrogen is 5MPa; Close aspiration tracheae 1, material inlet 2, gas vent 3 and material outlet 6 then, it is under the condition of 10.5MPa that reaction temperature is elevated to 400 ℃, reaction system stagnation pressure, reaction 60min.Wherein the speed of agitator of agitator is 800rpm in the reactor, during 4 rotations of hollow shaft, because the portion gas in the action of centrifugal force, reactor enters in the hollow shaft 4 from suction hole 7, and is scattered in the liquid phase by the venthole 13 on the self-priming paddle 14.Thereby the bubble in the liquid phase 12 overflows liquid level with parabolic shape in the whipping process, and liquid will be higher than the axially-movable of liquid in traditional shaft reactor far away in the axially-movable of reactor inside.The turbulent extent difference is little everywhere in reactor inside, gas holdup is evenly distributed, thereby can reduce the coking of reaction system after for a long time, thus can improve the gas holdup of gas in the solid reaction system of gas-liquid, increase substantially heat transfer, the mass transfer of the solid reaction system of gas-liquid.Reaction is opened gas vent 3 after finishing, and discharges reaction end gas; Open material outlet 6, obtain product.
Claims (10)
- [claim 1] a kind of novel reaction kettle, comprise reactor body (5), place reactor body (5) inner shaft and paddle (8) and place the air intake duct (1) of reactor body upper end, described paddle (8) is positioned at the free end of shaft, it is characterized in that, also be provided with self-priming paddle (14) on the described shaft, described self-priming paddle (14) is positioned at the top of paddle, described shaft top is provided with the suction hole (7) that is communicated with reactor, and described self-priming paddle (14) is provided with the venthole (13) that is connected with suction hole (7).
- [claim 2] novel reaction kettle according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described self-priming paddle (14) comprises interior annulus (17) and outer toroid (16), is provided with blade (18) between interior annulus (17), the outer toroid (16); Annulus (16) is with hollow shaft (4) tight fit in described, and interior annulus (17) is provided with the venthole (13) that is connected with suction hole (7) on the hollow shaft (4).
- [claim 3] novel reaction kettle according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described shaft is by solid shaft a (10), hollow shaft (4) and solid shaft b (15) form, shaft between described suction hole (7) and the self-priming paddle (14) is hollow shaft (4), shaft between described self-priming paddle (14) and the paddle (8) is solid shaft a (10), the top of reactor body (5) is fixed in the upper end of solid shaft b (15), connect by pipe collar (11) between lower end and the hollow shaft (4), pipe collar (11) is provided with the suction hole (7) that is connected with hollow shaft (4).
- [claim 4] is characterized in that according to the described arbitrary novel reaction kettle of claim 1-3, and the port of export of described air intake duct (1) passes described reactor body and places the lower end of paddle (8).
- [claim 5] novel reaction kettle according to claim 4 is characterized in that, the bottom of reactor body (5) is fixed in the lower end of described solid shaft a (10) by axle sleeve (9).
- [claim 6] is characterized in that according to the described arbitrary novel reaction kettle of claim 1-3, and described suction hole (7) vertically is provided with vertically, and distributes vertically with helical form.
- [claim 7] novel reaction kettle according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the height of described reactor body (5) is 3-12 with the ratio of its internal diameter.
- [claim 8] is characterized in that according to claim 1 or 7 described novel reaction kettles, and the ratio of the internal diameter of the diameter of described hollow shaft (4) and reactor body (5) is 0.02-0.5.
- [claim 9] novel reaction kettle according to claim 8 is characterized in that, the ratio of the internal diameter of the diameter of described hollow shaft (4) and reactor body (5) is 0.05-0.3.
- [claim 10] novel reaction kettle according to claim 9 is characterized in that, the ratio of the internal diameter of the diameter of described hollow shaft (4) and reactor body (5) is 0.08-0.15.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNU200820301178XU CN201260960Y (en) | 2008-06-16 | 2008-06-16 | Novel reactor |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNU200820301178XU CN201260960Y (en) | 2008-06-16 | 2008-06-16 | Novel reactor |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN201260960Y true CN201260960Y (en) | 2009-06-24 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CNU200820301178XU Expired - Fee Related CN201260960Y (en) | 2008-06-16 | 2008-06-16 | Novel reactor |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101947428A (en) * | 2010-09-20 | 2011-01-19 | 浙江诚信医化设备有限公司 | Stirring type reaction kettle |
| CN103111253A (en) * | 2013-03-14 | 2013-05-22 | 湖南有色郴州氟化学有限公司 | Method and equipment for perfluor polyether fluorination |
| CN104107675A (en) * | 2014-07-14 | 2014-10-22 | 南京西普环保科技有限公司 | Organic fertilizer reaction kettle |
| CN104209070A (en) * | 2014-09-12 | 2014-12-17 | 诸文伟 | Internal circulation type hydrogenation reaction kettle |
| CN104258791A (en) * | 2014-09-11 | 2015-01-07 | 诸文伟 | Heat-preservation type hydrogenation reactor |
| CN109772598A (en) * | 2019-01-25 | 2019-05-21 | 太原理工大学 | A kind of flotation size mixing method and flotation size mixing equipment that can improve remineralization efficacy |
-
2008
- 2008-06-16 CN CNU200820301178XU patent/CN201260960Y/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101947428A (en) * | 2010-09-20 | 2011-01-19 | 浙江诚信医化设备有限公司 | Stirring type reaction kettle |
| CN101947428B (en) * | 2010-09-20 | 2013-01-30 | 浙江诚信医化设备有限公司 | Stirring type reaction kettle |
| CN103111253A (en) * | 2013-03-14 | 2013-05-22 | 湖南有色郴州氟化学有限公司 | Method and equipment for perfluor polyether fluorination |
| CN104107675A (en) * | 2014-07-14 | 2014-10-22 | 南京西普环保科技有限公司 | Organic fertilizer reaction kettle |
| CN104258791A (en) * | 2014-09-11 | 2015-01-07 | 诸文伟 | Heat-preservation type hydrogenation reactor |
| CN104209070A (en) * | 2014-09-12 | 2014-12-17 | 诸文伟 | Internal circulation type hydrogenation reaction kettle |
| CN109772598A (en) * | 2019-01-25 | 2019-05-21 | 太原理工大学 | A kind of flotation size mixing method and flotation size mixing equipment that can improve remineralization efficacy |
| CN109772598B (en) * | 2019-01-25 | 2021-02-23 | 太原理工大学 | Flotation size mixing method and flotation size mixing equipment capable of improving mineralization effect |
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| C17 | Cessation of patent right | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20090624 Termination date: 20100616 |