CN201226503Y - Non-position detection circuit for brushless DC motor - Google Patents
Non-position detection circuit for brushless DC motor Download PDFInfo
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- CN201226503Y CN201226503Y CNU2008200499518U CN200820049951U CN201226503Y CN 201226503 Y CN201226503 Y CN 201226503Y CN U2008200499518 U CNU2008200499518 U CN U2008200499518U CN 200820049951 U CN200820049951 U CN 200820049951U CN 201226503 Y CN201226503 Y CN 201226503Y
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Abstract
The utility model provides a position sensorless detection circuit for a brushless DC motor, which comprises an inverter circuit and a signal sampling circuit which are connected with the brushless DC motor. The signal sampling circuit is provided with a resistor and a blocking capacitor which are mutually connected. The position sensorless circuit is also provided with a comparison circuit which is connected with the signal sampling circuit; wherein, the signal sampling circuit is also provided with a filter capacitor which is connected with the blocking capacitor. The position signal output by the sensorless circuit is the position signal of an electric rotor, and does not need to be treated with the phaseshift treatment by a MCU, and the computing resource of the MCU is reduced, and the development difficulty of MCU soft programs is reduced.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of testing circuit, specifically, is a kind of no position detecting circuit of dc brushless motor.
Background technology
The rotating speed control of dc brushless motor is by the adjusting to supply power voltage, controls as PWM, and comes the power on/off state of switch motor three phase windings to realize according to rotor-position signal.Therefore, when the rotating speed of dc brushless motor is controlled, need to detect the dc brushless motor rotor-position signal, constantly with the conversion of the power on/off state of determining switch motor three phase windings.
The application of CN1286525A Chinese invention patent discloses the innovation and creation of " a kind of rotor position detecting method of DC motor having no brush and no position sensing device " by name, this patent application has disclosed a kind of no position detecting circuit as shown in Figure 1, and it has inverter circuit, signal sample circuit, comparison circuit and the single-chip microcomputer 11 that is connected with motor M.Wherein, inverter circuit is made up of DC power supply Vcc, field effect transistor Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4, Q5, Q6 and diode D1, D2, D3, D4, D5, D6, each field effect transistor is formed a switching circuit with corresponding diode, in turn conducting by switching circuit with end, thereby make that U, the V of motor M, W three-phase are connected with positive supply in turn, negative supply connection or be in vacant state.For example, when field effect pipe Q1 and Q4 by the time, the U of motor M is in vacant state mutually, can detect the zero crossing of U phase back electromotive force this moment, thereby the detection rotor position signalling.
Signal sample circuit is made up of resistance R a, Rb, Rc and capacitor C a, Cb, Cc, wherein resistance R a goes up mutually with the U that capacitor C a is connected in series in motor M, resistance R b goes up mutually with the V that capacitor C b is connected in series in motor M, and resistance R c goes up mutually with the W that capacitor C c is connected in series in motor M.In this testing circuit, capacitor C a, Cb, Cc are capacitance, can be to U, the V that filters the motor M that resistance R a, Rb, Rc obtain, the DC component in the W voltage in three phases signal, thus obtain desirable AC signal, and AC signal is offered comparison circuit.U, the V of the motor M that comparison circuit obtains, W voltage in three phases signal waveform are as shown in Figure 2.
As seen from Figure 2, the U of motor M, V, W voltage in three phases signal Ua, Ub, Uc waveform are identical, and differ 120 ° of electrical degrees successively.And voltage signal Ua, Ub, Uc are all 0 volt of alternatively up and down conversion.
Comparison circuit is made up of comparator A1, A2, A3, and the input of comparator A1 is connected another input end grounding with capacitor C a.The U phase voltage signal Ua that comparator A1 received signal sample circuit provides, and with voltage signal Ua and ground, promptly 0 volt is compared, and obtains position signalling, this position signalling is shown in the Pa waveform of Fig. 2.When voltage signal Ua was higher than 0 volt, comparator A1 exported high level signal, when voltage signal Ua is lower than 0 volt, and comparator A1 output low level signal, when just voltage signal Ua passes through 0 volt, position signalling Pa conversion between high-low level.
A1 is identical with comparator, and comparator A2, A3 receive voltage signal Ub, the Uc of V, W two-phase respectively, and obtains corresponding position signalling Pb, Pc.
But position signalling Pa, Pb, Pc are not the position signalling of rotor, need be with position signalling Pa, Pb, 90 ° of position signallings that are only rotor of Pc phase shift.Therefore, comparison circuit need input to single-chip microcomputer 11 with position signalling Pa, Pb, Pc after obtaining position signalling Pa, Pb, Pc, with 90 ° of position signalling Pa, Pb, Pc phase shifts, promptly carries out delay process by single-chip microcomputer 11, thereby obtains the position signalling of rotor.
Yet, under the different rotating speeds, be different to the delay time of position signalling Pa, Pb, Pc, must calculate the rotating speed of rotor in real time and determine delay time, increase the evaluation work of single-chip microcomputer 11, take the computational resource of single-chip microcomputer 11.Simultaneously, use software program that position signalling Pa, Pb, Pc are carried out delay process, increased the difficulty that software is realized, be unfavorable for the software development of single-chip microcomputer 11.
Summary of the invention
Main purpose of the present utility model provides a kind of less D-C brushless electric machine no-position testing circuit of single-chip microcomputer computational resource that takies;
Another purpose of the present utility model provides the less D-C brushless electric machine no-position testing circuit of a kind of scm software development difficulty.
For realizing above-mentioned main purpose, the D-C brushless electric machine no-position testing circuit that the utility model provides comprises inverter circuit and the signal sample circuit that is connected with dc brushless motor, this signal sample circuit is provided with interconnective resistance and capacitance, this testing circuit also is provided with the comparison circuit that is connected with signal sample circuit, wherein, signal sample circuit also is provided with the filter capacitor that is connected with capacitance.
By such scheme as seen, signal sample circuit is gathered the voltage signal of dc brushless motor, after the process filter capacitor carries out Filtering Processing, filters DC component through capacitance again.Because the energy storage characteristic of filter capacitor has time-lag action to voltage signal, therefore, the voltage signal that signal sample circuit is gathered can be obtained the stator winding commutation constantly by the electrical degree of 90 ° of phase shifts.After voltage signal after signal sample circuit will be delayed time offers comparison circuit and compares, can obtain rotor-position signal.
Thus, the position signalling of comparison circuit output is the position signalling of rotor, does not need by single-chip microcomputer position signalling to be carried out delay process again, and single-chip microcomputer can be carried out other calculating operations.Like this, testing circuit of the present utility model does not just need to calculate by single-chip microcomputer the rotating speed of rotor, calculates delay time again, and the single-chip microcomputer computational resource that testing circuit takies is less, simultaneously the development difficulty of the scm software that yet reduces.
A preferred scheme is, the signal sample circuit of testing circuit and comparison circuit respectively have three groups, and each group signal sample circuit is gathered the voltage signal of the every phase of motor respectively, and the voltage signal of gathering is offered corresponding comparison circuit.Simultaneously, the capacitance of the filter capacitor of every group of signal sample circuit is much larger than the capacitance of capacitance.
This shows that the filter capacitor that capacitance is bigger singly can not filter the interference signal in the motor three-phase voltage signal, can also will carry out depth filtering to voltage signal, be about to voltage signal and carry out 90 ° of processing of phase shift.Dephased like this voltage signal zero passage is the moment of rotor signal transformation constantly, the position signalling of comparison circuit output is the position signalling of rotor, do not need the position signalling that compares circuit output to be carried out phase-shift processing, reduce the computational resource that takies single-chip microcomputer by single-chip microcomputer.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the electrical schematic diagram of existing D-C brushless electric machine no-position testing circuit, and testing circuit is connected with motor among the figure;
Fig. 2 is each phase voltage signal oscillogram of motor and a rotor winding position signal waveforms among Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the electrical schematic diagram of the utility model D-C brushless electric machine no-position testing circuit embodiment, and testing circuit is connected with motor among the figure;
Fig. 4 is the waveform voltage signal figure of each phase voltage signal oscillogram of motor among Fig. 3, signal sample circuit output and the position signalling oscillogram of comparison circuit output.
The utility model is described in further detail below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
Embodiment
Referring to Fig. 3, be the electrical schematic diagram of the utility model embodiment, testing circuit is connected with motor M among the figure.Identical with existing testing circuit, the testing circuit of present embodiment has inverter circuit, signal sample circuit and comparison circuit.
In the present embodiment, inverter circuit is made up of K switch 1, K2, K3, K4, K5 and K6, U, V, the W three-phase of controlling motor M respectively are in positive supply and are connected, are connected or vacant state with negative supply, and its operation principle is identical with the inverter circuit of existing testing circuit, is not giving unnecessary details at this.
Present embodiment is provided with three groups of signal sample circuits, and wherein resistance R 1, R4 and capacitor C 1, C4 form first group of signal sample circuit, is used to gather the U phase voltage signal of motor M, and the voltage signal of gathering is offered comparison circuit.Simultaneously, resistance R 2, R5 and capacitor C 2, C5 form second group of signal sample circuit, gather the V phase voltage signal of motor M, and resistance R 3, R6 and capacitor C 3, C6 form the 3rd group of signal sample circuit, gather the W phase voltage signal of motor M.
In first group of signal sample circuit, the resistance R 1 that is connected in series is formed bleeder circuit with R4, after the dividing potential drop of the U phase voltage of motor M by resistance R 1 and R4, obtains the less voltage signal of amplitude.
Wherein, capacitor C 1 is a filter capacitor, and R4 is connected in parallel with divider resistance, and the capacitance of capacitor C 1 is bigger, can filter the interference signal in the voltage signal of U phase, and voltage signal is had time-lag action, by its energy storage characteristic with 90 ° of voltage signal phase shifts.
Capacitor C 4 is a capacitance, and the one end is connected between resistance R 1 and the R4, and an end is connected with comparison circuit.Capacitance C4 can filter the DC component in the voltage signal, and its capacitance is less than the capacitance of filter capacitor C1.
After the dividing potential drop of the U phase voltage signal of motor M through resistance R 1 and R4, obtain the lower voltage signal of amplitude, this voltage signal passes through filtering capacitor C 1 depth filtering again, not only filters the interference signal in the voltage signal, and voltage signal is carried out 90 ° phase-shift processing.Then, filter wherein DC component through capacitance C4 again, obtain the alternating current component in the U phase voltage signal.At last, capacitance C4 offers comparison circuit with the voltage signal of treated U phase, and the waveform voltage signal of capacitance C4 output as shown in Figure 4.
Referring to Fig. 4, Uu is the U phase voltage signal waveform of motor M, and U1 is the waveform voltage signal of capacitance C4 output, i.e. the waveform voltage signal of first group of signal sample circuit output.As seen from Figure 4, the voltage signal of U phase through first group of signal sample circuit depth filtering after, there are 90 ° phase difference in the waveform of the voltage signal U1 of output and the waveform of U phase voltage signal Uu, and promptly voltage signal U1 compares with U phase voltage signal Uu, 90 ° of phase lags.This shows, U phase voltage signal Uu through first group of signal sample circuit depth filtering after, voltage signal is voltage signal U1 with 90 ° of phase shifts, this voltage signal U1 be zero commutation that is stator winding constantly constantly.
Review Fig. 3, identical with first group of signal sample circuit, second group of signal sample circuit also formed bleeder circuit by resistance R 2, R5, after the voltage signal process resistance R 2 of V phase, the R5 dividing potential drop, pass through the depth filtering of filtering capacitor C 2 again, make 90 ° of its phase shifts, filter DC component through capacitance C5 at last, and offer comparison circuit.
Simultaneously, Fig. 4 has also provided the waveform of the voltage signal U2 of the waveform of V phase voltage signal Uv and the output of second group of signal sample circuit, and the waveform of voltage signal U2 and V signal of telecommunication Uv waveform mutually compare, and 90 ° of phase lags have realized 90 ° phase shift equally.
Certainly, the structure of the 3rd group of signal sample circuit is identical with first group of signal sample circuit with operation principle, and the voltage signal U1 waveform of the waveform of the voltage signal U3 of the voltage waveform of the voltage signal Uw that W exports mutually and the 3rd group of signal sample circuit output and U phase voltage signal Uu waveform and first group of signal sample circuit output is basic identical, does not repeat them here.
Present embodiment is provided with three groups of comparison circuits, and wherein first group of comparison circuit is made up of resistance R 7, R8, R9, R10, R19, R20, R25 and voltage comparator A4.First group of comparison circuit is corresponding with first group of signal sample circuit, and resistance R 7 is connected in parallel with R8 and resistance equates, the one end is connected to capacitance C4 one end of first group of signal sample circuit, obtains the voltage signal U1 of first group of signal sample circuit output.Simultaneously, the other end of resistance R 7 and R8 is connected to the input of voltage comparator A4, inputs to voltage comparator A4 with this voltage signal U1 with first group of signal sample circuit output.
One end of resistance R 9 is connected with the capacitance C5 of second group of signal sample circuit, obtain the voltage signal U2 of second group of signal sample circuit output, simultaneously, one end of resistance R 10 is connected with the capacitance C6 of the 3rd group of signal sample circuit, obtains the voltage signal U3 of the 3rd group of signal sample circuit output.Resistance R 9 links together with the other end of R10, and is connected to another input of voltage comparator A4.
Like this, the voltage signal amplitude that the input of voltage comparator A4 obtains is the amplitude of the voltage signal U1 of first group of signal sample circuit output, and the average amplitude of the voltage signal amplitude that another input the obtains voltage signal U3 that to be voltage signal U2 and the 3rd group of signal sample circuit of second group of signal sample circuit output export, the average amplitude that is about to the voltage signal U3 that the amplitude of the voltage signal U1 of first group of signal sample circuit output exports with the voltage signal U2 of second group of signal sample circuit output and the 3rd group of signal sample circuit compares, and obtains comparative result.
Referring to Fig. 4, Hu is voltage comparator A4 signal output waveform figure.When the voltage signal U1 of first group of signal sample circuit output is in positive half cycle, its amplitude is greater than 0 volt, and the average amplitude of the voltage signal U2 of second group of signal sample circuit output and the voltage signal U3 of the 3rd group of signal sample circuit output is less than 0 volt, and the signal Hu that exports of voltage comparator A4 is a low level signal at this moment; When the voltage signal U1 of first group of signal sample circuit output is in negative half period, its amplitude is less than 0 volt, and the average amplitude of the voltage signal U2 of second group of signal sample circuit output and the voltage signal U3 of the 3rd group of signal sample circuit output is greater than 0 volt, and voltage comparator A4 exports high level signal at this moment.
When the voltage signal U1 of first group of signal sample circuit output is 0 volt, the average amplitude of the voltage signal U3 of the voltage signal U2 of second group of signal sample circuit output and the 3rd group of signal sample circuit output also is 0 volt, this moment, the signal Hu of voltage comparator A4 output was a high level signal by low level signal transition, and this is the commutation moment of rotor winding constantly.
This shows, the signal Hu waveform of voltage comparator A4 output is the position signalling waveform of rotor, do not need to carry out phase-shift processing through single-chip microcomputer again, significantly reduce the amount of calculation of single-chip microcomputer, during the detection rotor position signalling, do not need to take the computational resource of single-chip microcomputer, reduce the development difficulty of scm software simultaneously yet.
Review Fig. 3, the resistance R 19 of first group of comparison circuit, R20, R25 are the biasing resistor of voltage comparator A4, for the work of voltage comparator A4 provides suitable operating voltage.
Identical with first group of comparison circuit, second group of comparison circuit is corresponding with second group of signal sample circuit, and be provided with voltage comparator A5, an one input is connected with second group of signal sample circuit by resistance R 11, the R12 that is connected in parallel, and obtains the voltage signal U2 of second group of signal sample circuit output.Another input of voltage comparator A5 is connected with resistance R 13, R14, obtains the voltage signal U1 of first group of signal sample circuit output, the voltage signal U3 of the 3rd group of signal sample circuit output with this.Like this, the average amplitude of the voltage signal U3 that the amplitude of voltage comparator A5 by the voltage signal U2 of second group of signal sample circuit output relatively exported with the amplitude of the voltage signal U1 of first group of signal sample circuit output and the 3rd group of signal sample circuit, the signal Hv of output is the position signalling of rotor winding.
The structure of the 3rd group of comparison circuit is former basic identical with first group of comparison circuit reason with work, amplitude by the voltage signal U3 of the 3rd group of signal sample circuit output relatively is with the voltage signal U1 of first group of signal sample circuit output and the average amplitude of the voltage signal U2 of second group of signal sample circuit output, acquisition output signal Hw.
This shows, the position signalling that signal Hu, the Hv of comparison circuit output and Hw are the rotor winding, do not need through single-chip microcomputer position signalling to be carried out phase-shift processing again, single-chip microcomputer does not need to calculate the rotating speed of rotor and the delay time of calculating location signal, significantly reduce the amount of calculation of single-chip microcomputer, also reduce the development difficulty of scm software simultaneously.
Certainly, in the utility model actual application more change can also be arranged, in first group of comparison circuit, can use a resistance to replace resistance R 7 and the R8 be connected in parallel as half resistance of R7; Perhaps use special-purpose inverter to substitute inverter circuit; Or using the comparison module of discrete component formation to come instead of voltage comparator etc., these change does not influence enforcement of the present utility model.
It is emphasized that at last the utility model is not limited to above-mentioned execution mode, also should be included in the protection range of the utility model claim as the small variations such as capacitance change of change, filter capacitor and the capacitance of inverter circuit.
Claims (8)
1, the no position detecting circuit of dc brushless motor comprises
The inverter circuit that is connected with dc brushless motor;
The signal sample circuit that is connected with dc brushless motor, described signal sample circuit are provided with interconnective resistance (R1, R2, R3) and capacitance; And
The comparison circuit that is connected with signal sample circuit;
It is characterized in that:
Described signal sample circuit also is provided with the filter capacitor that is connected with described capacitance.
2, the no position detecting circuit of dc brushless motor according to claim 1 is characterized in that:
The capacitance of described filter capacitor is greater than the capacitance of described capacitance.
3, the no position detecting circuit of dc brushless motor according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that:
Described signal sample circuit and comparison circuit respectively have three groups, and every group of signal sample circuit is all corresponding with one group of comparison circuit and connect.
4, the no position detecting circuit of dc brushless motor according to claim 3 is characterized in that:
Described signal sample circuit also is provided with the divider resistance (R4, R5, R6) of connecting with described resistance (R1, R2, R3).
5, the no position detecting circuit of the dc brushless motor of stating according to claim 4 is characterized in that:
Described filter capacitor and described divider resistance (R4, R5, R6) are connected in parallel.
6, the no position detecting circuit of the dc brushless motor of stating according to claim 5 is characterized in that:
One end of described capacitance is connected between resistance (R1, R2, R3) and the divider resistance (R4, R5, R6), and the other end is connected with comparison circuit.
7, the no position detecting circuit of dc brushless motor according to claim 3 is characterized in that:
Described every group of comparison circuit is provided with a comparator;
An input one group signal sample circuit corresponding with this group comparison circuit of described comparator connects, and another input of comparator is connected with other two groups of signal sample circuits.
8, the no position detecting circuit of dc brushless motor according to claim 7 is characterized in that:
Described comparator is a voltage comparator.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNU2008200499518U CN201226503Y (en) | 2008-06-25 | 2008-06-25 | Non-position detection circuit for brushless DC motor |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNU2008200499518U CN201226503Y (en) | 2008-06-25 | 2008-06-25 | Non-position detection circuit for brushless DC motor |
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| CN201226503Y true CN201226503Y (en) | 2009-04-22 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CNU2008200499518U Expired - Lifetime CN201226503Y (en) | 2008-06-25 | 2008-06-25 | Non-position detection circuit for brushless DC motor |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110661455A (en) * | 2019-10-31 | 2020-01-07 | 江苏科技大学 | Sensorless control device and control method for brushless direct current motor |
-
2008
- 2008-06-25 CN CNU2008200499518U patent/CN201226503Y/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110661455A (en) * | 2019-10-31 | 2020-01-07 | 江苏科技大学 | Sensorless control device and control method for brushless direct current motor |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| EE01 | Entry into force of recordation of patent licensing contract |
Assignee: Zhuhai Kaibang Motor Manufacture Co., Ltd. Assignor: GREE ELECTRIC APPLIANCES Inc. OF ZHUHAI|Zhuhai Kaibang Motor Manufacture Co., Ltd. Contract fulfillment period: 2009.5.12 to 2014.5.12 Contract record no.: 2009440000388 Denomination of utility model: Non-position detection circuit for brushless DC motor Granted publication date: 20090422 License type: Exclusive license Record date: 20090519 |
|
| LIC | Patent licence contract for exploitation submitted for record |
Free format text: EXCLUSIVE LICENSE; TIME LIMIT OF IMPLEMENTING CONTACT: 2009.5.12 TO 2014.5.12; CHANGE OF CONTRACT Name of requester: ZHUHAI KAIBANG ELECTRICAL MACHINERY MANUFACTURING Effective date: 20090519 |
|
| CX01 | Expiry of patent term |
Granted publication date: 20090422 |
|
| CX01 | Expiry of patent term |