CN201208984Y

CN201208984Y - All-wheel bi-phase steering mechanism for multi-axis vehicle

Info

Publication number: CN201208984Y
Application number: CN 200820022658
Authority: CN
Inventors: 朱永强; 张平霞
Original assignee: Qingdao University of Technology
Current assignee: Qingdao University of Technology
Priority date: 2008-05-16
Filing date: 2008-05-16
Publication date: 2009-03-18
Anticipated expiration: 2018-05-16

Abstract

The utility model discloses a multiaxial vehicle full-wheel quarter-phase steering mechanism which is provided for overcoming the deficiencies that the prior multiaxial vehicle has large turning radius, poor flexibility and mobility, quick tyre abrasion and high transportation cost. The steering mechanism comprises a steering wheel as well as a redirector, a steering rocking arm and a steering pull rod which are connected in sequence, and the steering rocking arm is connected with a steering trapezoid hinge; a steering transmission shaft supporting longitudinally is fixed with a cylindrical gear which is meshed with a rack that can slide horizontally, and a guide slide bar is connected on a rear axle steering arm which is arranged at the back of a first shaft and is connected with a rear axle steering trapezoid hinge; and the steering transmission shaft is provided with a planetary gear steering mechanism which can turn the guide slide bar to slide left and right. By controlling the sliding direction of the guide slide bar, the full-wheel quarter-phase steering can be realized, and the danger of car overturning is reduced; and when the car travels at low speed, the vehicle steering flexibility is enhanced, the abrasion of turning radius and tyre is reduced, the oil consumption of the vehicle is reduced and the running cost of the vehicle is lowered.

Description

Multiple-axle vehicle are taken turns the quarter-phase steering hardware entirely

Technical field

The utility model belongs to the transport vehicle parts, specifically a kind of steering hardware of multiple-axle vehicle.

Background technology

Along with the improvement of highway in China construction condition, the amount of shipping goods increases greatly on highway, and the freight traffic volume of large-tonnage, length is also being increased sharply.In order to adapt to the transportation of large-tonnage and length goods, the extraordinary vehicle that strengthens the lengthening size arises at the historic moment, and increasing trend is arranged.Above-mentioned full size vehicle, the design quantity of general car load axletree is called multiaxis at three more than the person.

Because the front and back size of multiple-axle vehicle car load is bigger, in order to improve its manoevreability and alerting ability when turning, adopted at present the part axletree of front part of vehicle to get on the bus mostly technology that the crop rotation same-phase turns to, first and second the axial same direction that promptly is front part of vehicle is mostly changeed, and the wheel on the axletree of back does not turn to.Turning to of existing front part of vehicle wheel is the bearing circle by the rotation vehicle, the steering track rod of pulling and bearing circle bonded assembly primary shaft, and steering track rod drives pitman arm, makes the angle of wheel on the primary shaft; The steering power of primary shaft is passed to second axle steer, is the steering inner articulated shaft that is equipped with longitudinally, is fixed with cylindrical wheel at the chassis of automobile upper support; In the steering track rod while of direction of operating dish pulling primary shaft, make the tooth bar that is parallel to primary shaft do horizontal interlock, drive steering inner articulated shaft by the cylindrical wheel that is meshed with tooth bar and rotate an angle, steering power is passed to pinion and rack on second, the gear plectrum rack displacement, steering track rod on promoting second, the pitman arm that primary shaft is same for another example on driving second turns to the wheel on second and the wheel same-phase of primary shaft.

The wheel same-phase turns to technology on the part axletree of above-mentioned front part of vehicle, though improved multiaxis lorry alerting ability and manoevreability when turning to a certain extent, but the best wheel steering procedure that vehicle ' requires is to make all wheels all be in pure rolling and fricton-tight or have only the state of minimum slippage.Turning to by pinion and rack of above-mentioned wheel of vehicle finished, and the unidirectional same-phase that can only finish part wheel as shown in Figure 3 turns to, and can not realize the counter-steering of quarter-phase; In addition, owing to be to adopt the vertical pulling rod member to transmit steering power, Deformation Member is bigger on the one hand, and when being delivered to rear axle, it is not in place handling maneuver to occur, the angle rule in the time of can not guaranteeing to turn between each wheel; On the other hand, vertical pulling rod member transferring power can be subjected to the influence of vehicle frame distortion, and the angle rule between each wheel can not guarantee to turn to the time, therefore also can't realize the four-wheel steering of vehicle.

When vehicle when the state of running at high speed need turn to, because bearing circle is very short to the time of rear-axle steering, the vehicle body attitude change is little during turning, the tracing property that is the target running route is better, and vehicle body direction and actual direction of travel be big-difference very not, and the wheel that adopts back one axletree and last axletree is when the unilateral deflection of same direction, stablize and can be said to be viable, if when being subjected to crosswind or side direction road surface exciting force, the vehicle body attitude change is also not too large, yet is convenient to revise the direction that vehicle advances; But as shown in Figure 3, because the turn radius R of car body when turning is big, road-holding property can be not very good, and bearing circle has been beaten also to cause easily the flame-out or integral body of vehicle anxious and tumbled;

When high capacity waggon at narrow parking area or when running into less location and need turn, then the time from the bearing circle to the rear-axle steering is longer relatively, the vehicle body attitude change is big during turning, make the tracing property of the wheel target running route on the axletree of back bad, vehicle body direction and actual direction of travel have than big-difference, R is big for the car body turn radius, and the turning of vehicle just is difficult to carry out;

Simultaneously, no matter vehicle is at high speed or low speed driving state, Ackermann steer angle, because the anterior unidirectional same-phase of part wheel is turned to, the rear axle wheel that can not turn to just can't be realized the state that is in pure rolling or has only minimum slippage, thereby making the wear on tyres of wheel fast, vehicle oil consumption is big, thereby has increased the traffic cost of full size vehicle.

The utility model content

Technical problem to be solved in the utility model is, overcoming that existing multiple-axle vehicle turn to can only be that the unidirectional same-phase of part wheel of forward portion turns to, thereby turn radius is big, alerting ability of turning and the shortcoming that manoevreability is bad, operational stability is poor, wear on tyres is fast and traffic cost is high provide a kind of multiple-axle vehicle to take turns the quarter-phase steering hardware entirely.

In order to solve the problems referred to above that prior art exists, the utility model is to adopt following technical proposals to realize: the bearing circle of multiple-axle vehicle by deflector, pitman arm, steering track rod, with primary shaft wheel bonded assembly track arm, be connected with the hinge hinge of the steering trapezium of change wheel steering; Upper support is equipped with longitudinally, is fixed with the steering inner articulated shaft of cylindrical wheel on the chassis of vehicle, and cylindrical wheel is meshed with the tooth bar that is parallel to primary shaft, can laterally move; The primary shaft back, with the trapezoidal hinged rear axle steering arm of rear axle steering of vehicle on, hinge is connected with and can makes the rear axle wheel make the guiding slide bar that left and right sides quarter-phase turns to; Nearly rear axle place on steering inner articulated shaft is equipped with the planetary wheel direction reverser that can stir the left and right sides slippage of guiding slide bar.

The utility model also has following technical characterictic:

The described planetary wheel direction reverser that is connected on the steering inner articulated shaft, it is the nearly vehicle rear axle place of primary shaft back on steering inner articulated shaft, be fixed with the eccentric shaft that line of centers is parallel to steering inner articulated shaft, planetary wheel supporting is installed on the eccentric shaft, and is meshed with the fixed gear ring of planetary wheel direction reverser on being fixed on vehicle chassis; The vehicle chassis upper planetary gear from eccentric shaft one end, supporting is equipped with guiding slide bar perpendicular to steering inner articulated shaft; In planetary termination, the eccentric driving lever that can stir guiding slide bar sway when planetary wheel rotates is installed;

Described eccentric driving lever is stirred guiding slide bar sway, is to be fixed with adapter plate with vertical guide groove along guiding slide bar direction on the guiding slide bar, and eccentric driving lever can slide up and down to be inserted in the vertical guide groove;

Described vehicle rear axle wheel is done the control that left and right sides quarter-phase turns to, and is on the rear axle steering arm of described rear axle wheel, respectively hinge two steering trapeziums being connected with charged magnetic clutch, can doing the commutation of same-phase and phase reversal and turn to.

Advantage of the present utility model and good effect are, because on the rear axle at vehicle primary shaft rear portion, be equipped with and make the vehicle rear axle wheel make the planetary wheel direction reverser that left and right sides quarter-phase turns to, when the navigating mate steering vehicle travels need turn to the time, steering wheel rotation, angle of wheel deflection on the front part of vehicle primary shaft, simultaneously by with the spindle arm bonded assembly pinion and rack of primary shaft, drive steering inner articulated shaft and rotate an angle, steering inner articulated shaft drives the primary shaft back, link with rear axle bonded assembly planetary wheel direction reverser, the glide direction of control guiding slide bar, can realize the wheel on the rear axle and the wheel on the primary shaft turns to as same-phase or the four-wheel steering of phase reversal, make vehicle when running at high speed, the vehicle body yaw velocity reduces, lateral acceleration reduces, and has reduced the danger that automobile topples; When low speed driving, turn radius reduces greatly, has improved the Vehicular turn alerting ability; The full wheel quarter-phase of vehicle turns to, and can make the wheel on the rear axle realize pure rolling or have only minimum slippage, thereby make the wear on tyres of wheel little, and the oil consumption of vehicle is few, has reduced the operating cost of large-scale transport vehicle.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the part scheme drawing of the utility model steerage gear;

Fig. 2 is the schematic perspective view of planetary wheel direction reverser structure among Fig. 1;

The scheme drawing of each wheel position when Fig. 3 is existing multiple-axle vehicle front portion part wheel steering;

Fig. 4 takes turns the scheme drawing of phase reversal each wheel position when turning to entirely for multiple-axle vehicle.

The specific embodiment

The utility model is described in further detail below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.

Among Fig. 1, the bearing circle 12 of multiple-axle vehicle is connected with steering trapezium 9 hinges of primary shaft 1 by the track arm 6 on deflector 11, pitman arm 10, steering track rod 5, the primary shaft 1; Upper support is equipped with longitudinally, is fixed with the steering inner articulated shaft 4 of cylindrical wheel 3 on the chassis of vehicle, cylindrical wheel 3 be parallel to primary shaft 1, be bearing in the tooth bar 2 that can laterally move on the chassis of vehicle and be meshed, the left end of tooth bar 2 is connected with track arm 6 hinges by turning to digonal link 8;

Rear axle 23 places below primary shaft 1, with the steering trapezium in the same way 18 and counter-steering trapezoidal 20 hinged rear axle steering arms 17 of rear axle 23 on, hinge is connected with the wheel 7 that can make on the vehicle rear axle 23 and makes the guiding slide bar 15 that left and right quarter-phase turns to, guiding slide bar 15 is by turning to digonal link 16, and is hinged with rear axle steering arm 17; Guiding slide bar 15 sway drive 17 actions of rear axle steering arm, and wheel 7 is turned to as quarter-phase.The sway of guiding slide bar 15 is (referring to the Fig. 2) that driven by the planetary wheel direction reverser 13 that is connected on the steering inner articulated shaft 4, install at nearly vehicle rear axle 23 places.

Among Fig. 2, the described planetary wheel direction reverser 13 that is connected on the steering inner articulated shaft 4, be nearly rear axle 23 ends on steering inner articulated shaft 4, be fixed with the eccentric shaft 4.2 that line of centers is parallel to steering inner articulated shaft 4, planetary wheel 13.1 usefulness bearings supportings is installed in the termination of eccentric shaft 4.2, and is meshed with the fixed gear ring 13.2 of planetary wheel direction reverser 13 on being fixed on vehicle chassis; On the vehicle chassis at the end that leaves eccentric shaft 4.2 of planetary wheel 13.1, support the guiding slide bar 15 (referring to Fig. 1) that is equipped with perpendicular to steering inner articulated shaft 4 with slide 21, on the guiding slide bar 15, the length direction of suitable guiding slide bar 15 is fixed with the adapter plate 22 with vertical guide groove 22.1, right-hand member head at planetary wheel 13.1, be vertically installed with eccentric driving lever 13.11, eccentric driving lever 13.11 can slide up and down to be inserted in the vertical guide groove 22.1; When planetary wheel 13.1 is made the compound motion of rotation and revolution in fixed gear ring 13.2, can stir guiding slide bar 15 sway in slide 21 by the eccentric driving lever 13.11 of its right-hand member head.

Wheel 7 is done the control that left and right sides quarter-phase turns on the described vehicle rear axle 23, be to connect, can turn to as same-phase on the steering trapezium in the same way 18 and counter-steering trapezoidal 20 that turns to phase reversal, be separately installed with

magnetic clutch

14 and 19 at rear axle steering arm 17 upper hinges of described rear axle 23 wheels.Control

magnetic clutch

14 and 19 one of them clutches can make the wheel on the rear axle 23 with same-phase made by the wheel on the primary shaft 1 or phase reversal turns to, thereby the full wheel quarter-phase of realization vehicle turns to.

Among Fig. 4, realizing that multiple-axle vehicle take turns after phase reversal turns to entirely, the turn radius R of vehicle is significantly smaller than the turn radius R (referring to Fig. 3) that front part of vehicle part wheel same-phase turns to.

Realize that the wheel of vehicle more than three take turns turning to of quarter-phase entirely, can be on the basis of first rear axle 23 in the rear portion of vehicle, second rear axle 24 and later multiaxis to vehicle rear continue to extend (referring to Fig. 1), the rear portion multi-shaft turns to the transmission of power ways of connecting with transmission shaft 4 to be, steering inner articulated shaft 4 in rear axle 23 front portions, side with the steering inner articulated shaft 4 at rear axle 23 rear portions, the steerage gear shaft coupling 4.1 that connects a U-shaped, make on the many axles of vehicle back wheel with in the same mode of rear axle 23, realize the quarter-phase linked steering of vehicle holoaxial.

Claims

1, a kind of multiple-axle vehicle are taken turns the quarter-phase steering hardware entirely, comprise bearing circle and with bearing circle bonded assembly deflector successively, turn to shake pen, steering track rod, with primary shaft wheel bonded assembly track arm, be connected with the hinge hinge of the steering trapezium that changes wheel steering; Upper support is equipped with longitudinally, is fixed with the steering inner articulated shaft of cylindrical wheel on the chassis of vehicle, cylindrical wheel is meshed with the tooth bar that is parallel to primary shaft, can laterally move, it is characterized in that: the primary shaft back, with the trapezoidal hinged vehicle rear axle spindle arm of rear axle steering on, hinge is connected with and can makes the rear axle wheel make the guiding slide bar that left and right sides quarter-phase turns to; Nearly rear axle place on steering inner articulated shaft is equipped with the planetary wheel direction reverser that can stir the left and right sides slippage of guiding slide bar.

2, multiple-axle vehicle as claimed in claim 1 are taken turns the quarter-phase steering hardware entirely, it is characterized in that: the described planetary wheel direction reverser that is connected on the steering inner articulated shaft, it is the nearly vehicle rear axle place of primary shaft back on steering inner articulated shaft, be fixed with the eccentric shaft that line of centers is parallel to steering inner articulated shaft, planetary wheel supporting is installed on the eccentric shaft, and is meshed with the fixed gear ring of planetary wheel direction reverser on being fixed on vehicle chassis; The vehicle chassis upper planetary gear from eccentric shaft one end, supporting is equipped with guiding slide bar perpendicular to steering inner articulated shaft; In planetary termination, the eccentric driving lever that can stir guiding slide bar sway when planetary wheel rotates is installed.

3, multiple-axle vehicle as claimed in claim 2 are taken turns the quarter-phase steering hardware entirely, it is characterized in that: described eccentric driving lever is stirred guiding slide bar sway, be to be fixed with adapter plate with vertical guide groove along guiding slide bar direction on the guiding slide bar, eccentric driving lever can slide up and down to be inserted in the vertical guide groove.

4, multiple-axle vehicle as claimed in claim 1 are taken turns the quarter-phase steering hardware entirely, it is characterized in that: described vehicle rear axle wheel is done the control that left and right sides quarter-phase turns to, be on the rear axle steering arm of described rear axle wheel, hinge two steering trapeziums being connected with charged magnetic clutch, can doing the commutation of same-phase and phase reversal and turn to respectively.