CN201194366Y

CN201194366Y - Brushless DC motor for automobile

Info

Publication number: CN201194366Y
Application number: CNU2008200325041U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王汝崎; 张尚东
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Wang Ruqi
Priority date: 2008-02-09
Filing date: 2008-02-09
Publication date: 2009-02-11
Anticipated expiration: 2018-02-09

Abstract

An automobile brushless direct current motor belongs to the technical field of motor. The object of the utility model is to provide a permanent magnetic brushless direct current motor with simple, reasonable structure and having functions of saving energy and environmental protection. The technical proposal thereof is that: a rotor of the motor is a hub (2) of wheels, inner diameter of the hub is mounted with a cycle of rare earth permanent magnet steels (7); a motor stator (8) embedded with a armature winding is fixed on a wheel shaft (4). Because the permanent magnetic brushless direct current motor is directly mounted within the hub of the automobile, the structure thereof is compact, simple and reasonable, and the functions of saving energy and environmental protection are available due to power supply from a storage battery. In the meantime, both the speed regulation for the motor and direct drive for the wheel by the motor can be realized via electric control, thus omitting complicated gear variable speed transmission structure within the automobile to greatly simplify the automobile structure and reduce the weight. The utility model is particularly suitable for use in a variety of automobiles having relatively low traveling speed.

Description

The automotive brushless DC motor

Technical field

The utility model relates to a kind of motor, particularly a kind of automotive brushless DC motor.

Background technology

Current auto industry has become China's economic development new growth point.Growth rate is fast, unexpected.In many decades from now on, auto industry is the important motivity that promotes social modernization's process, is the pillar industry of new industrialization.Yet developing of automobile industry has also been brought severe contamination and the too much two large problems of fuel oil energy resource consumption.And for the increase of China's car owning amount, these contradictions are just more outstanding.According to the interrelated data introduction, China's import fuel oil was 7,000 ten thousand tons in 2000, estimated to surpass 100,000,000 tons after 2010, first quite in the world oil-producing country Kuwait one gross annual output amount.64% of national environmental protection center prediction tail gas discharging in 2010 duty gas pollutant sources.Obviously, traditional combustion engine technical development auto industry is used in aggravation, causes tremendous influence will for the energy security and the environmental protection of China.Therefore the develop actively electric automobile is one of important measures of energy savings consumption, minimizing pollution.

The electric automobile public hazards are few, save consumption of petroleum, and are simple in structure, and maintenance is easy, and long service life is subjected to the favor of countries in the world.Brushless, permanently excited direct current motor is compared with the motor of the other types of equal-wattage, volume is little, light weight, at aspects such as quality, efficient, prices suitable clear superiority is arranged, permanent magnet brushless electromotor does not have parts such as brush and slip ring, and structure is simpler, more reliable performance, good environmental adaptability is suitable as the drive motor of electric automobile more.Owing to adopt the square wave power supply, under identical crest voltage and peak current, it is big that the torque that square wave current and square wave magnetic field interaction produce is wanted, so permanent magnet brushless electromotor can be exported bigger electromagnetic torque, permanent magnetic brushless efficient height, and service life is longer, has the advantages that need not change for a long time.

But, be used for the brushless, permanently excited direct current motor of electric automobile at present, the permanent magnet direct current motor that remains traditional rotary armature of employing, its variable transmission mechanism that drives the electric automobile wheel is also continued to use complicated gear graduation transmission mechanism always.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of this utility model provides a kind of simple and reasonable for structure, has the automotive brushless DC motor of energy-saving environmental-protection function.

Its technical scheme is: a kind of automotive brushless DC motor, comprise motor stator that is embedded with armature winding and the motor rotor that rare-earth permanent magnet steel is housed, it is characterized in that: described motor rotor is the wheel hub of wheel, and a circle rare-earth permanent magnet steel is installed on the internal diameter of wheel hub; The motor stator that is embedded with armature winding is fixed on the axletree.

Its technique effect is: because brushless, permanently excited direct current motor is directly installed in the wheel hub of automobile, therefore, its compact conformation, simple, reasonable adopts storage battery power supply, has energy-saving environmental-protection function.Simultaneously, can realize to the speed governing of motor with by the direct drive wheels of motor, thereby save gear graduation transmission mechanism complicated in the automobile that vehicle structure is also greatly simplified, and quality greatly alleviates by electrical control.Be particularly suitable for using for the lower various vehicles of operating speed, as urban environmental protection with the traffic of sweeper, tourist attractions with transport vehicle, golf course special bus, city taxi automobile in the factory between car, the factory floor.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the utility model structural representation;

Fig. 2 is A-A cutaway view of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is the three-phase developed winding diagram;

Fig. 4 is six developed winding diagrams.

Embodiment

As shown in Figure 1, 2, a kind of automotive brushless DC motor comprises motor stator that is embedded with armature winding and the motor rotor that rare-earth permanent magnet steel is housed.Motor rotor is the wheel hub 2 of wheel 1, and the wheel hub casting forms.One circle 12 rare-earth permanent magnet steels 7 (neodymium iron boron magnetic body) are installed on the wheel hub internal diameter of wheel, are formed six pairs of magnetic poles.Armature and axletree are one, and end cap 3 and bearing 6 are installed respectively on the wheel hub both sides.

Motor stator 8 is superimposed together by the thick silicon steel sheet of 0.5mm. and be uniform-distribution with 48 grooves on its peripheral surface, iron core is contained on the axletree 4.Be embedded with three-phase or six phase windings, 5, three phase windings at groove, A-a, B-b, C-c, respectively in the locus apart from one another by 120 ⁰, terminal a, the b of three phase windings, c link together, and form the three-phase star connection and see (Fig. 3).Six phase winding A-a, B-b, C-c, D-d, E-e, F-f, respectively in the locus apart from one another by 60 ⁰, the end of six phase windings, a, b, c, d, e, f link together, and form six-phase star connection.See (Fig. 4).Winding adopts single cord directly for the high-strength enamelled wire of multiply of 0.59mm and around forming.Adopt Hall element to be every phase magnetic pole position sensor S simultaneously, be embedded in respectively in the groove on the stator core peripheral surface.Motor lead line is drawn with controller outside from the centre bore of axletree with the insulated conductor of different colours and is connected.

Controller (electronic switch commutator) mainly is made up of integrated circuit, driving switch, (PWM) pulse-width modulation circuit, power field effect pipe, transducer etc.When motor is worked. at first detect position of magnetic pole, send digital pulse signal, offer controller with on-off mode by the switching Hall components that is placed on the stator core.After controller obtains information, integrated circuit is by predefined logic switch program. and deliver to the respective drive module in order respectively according to transducer (Hall element) signal, also send into simultaneously the PWM pulse-width signal. make power field effect pipe order conducting and ending respectively chronologically. make the every phase winding on the armature obtain the electric current that positive negative direction changes.Form electronic commutation.Make armature set up rotating magnetic field.The conducting of power field effect pipe and deadline are realized stepless speed regulation by the duty cycle square wave of signal controlling (PWM) pulse-width modulation circuit.

The rotor of this machine adopts rare-earth permanent magnet steel to do magnetic pole. so rotor flux Φ fixes.Between armature voltage U and electric current I s and the back electromotive force Es following relation: U=Es+IsRs is arranged in this case, and back electromotive force Es=Ce Φ n.Rotation speed n=U-IsRs/Ce Φ then. from this relational expression as can be seen, when motor load one regularly, the rotating speed of motor is relevant with voltage and magnetic flux Φ. so the electromagnetic torque on the armature is and square being directly proportional of voltage. thereby as long as the terminal voltage of change armature just can realize stepless speed regulation.The method of speed governing is a lot, but adopts the PWM pulse width modulation mode can strengthen the torque output hardness of rotor, thereby is different from the mode of speed regulation that other change the step-down of conducting angle.

No matter DC motor is electronic commutation or the brush commutation is arranged as from the foregoing, as long as the logarithm and the magnetic flux Φ of magnetic pole fix, motor terminal voltage changes.The rotating speed of rotor is changed, and change in rotational speed makes the number of times of commutation change again, motor terminal voltage, rotating speed, commutating frequency, is a kind of logic loops relation between them.

Claims

1. an automotive brushless DC motor comprises motor stator that is embedded with armature winding and the motor rotor that rare-earth permanent magnet steel is housed, and it is characterized in that: described motor rotor is the wheel hub (2) of wheel, and a circle rare-earth permanent magnet steel (7) is installed on the internal diameter of wheel hub; The motor stator (8) that is embedded with armature winding is fixed on the axletree (4).

2. a kind of automotive brushless DC motor according to claim 1 is characterized in that: end cap (3) and bearing (6) are installed respectively on the described wheel hub both sides.