CN201129808Y - An evaporative cooling and mechanical refrigeration composite air conditioning unit - Google Patents
An evaporative cooling and mechanical refrigeration composite air conditioning unit Download PDFInfo
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- CN201129808Y CN201129808Y CNU2007201263813U CN200720126381U CN201129808Y CN 201129808 Y CN201129808 Y CN 201129808Y CN U2007201263813 U CNU2007201263813 U CN U2007201263813U CN 200720126381 U CN200720126381 U CN 200720126381U CN 201129808 Y CN201129808 Y CN 201129808Y
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- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 title abstract description 20
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 2
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005431 greenhouse gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本实用新型公开的一种蒸发冷却与机械制冷复合空调机组,按进风方向包括依次设置的机组新风段、机组过滤器、管式间接蒸发冷却器、机组回风段、机械制冷表冷器、直接蒸发冷却器和机组风机,机械制冷表冷器通过管道分别与机械制冷蒸发器和蒸发式冷凝器的出口相连接。本实用新型复合型空调机组的结构简单,将多级蒸发冷却机组与机械制冷冷水机组复合为一体,既可在炎热季节将蒸发冷却预冷与机械制冷联合开启满足建筑物空调负荷要求,同时在大多数过渡季节里分别开启一级间接加直接蒸发冷却或两级间接加直接蒸发冷却,全新风运行为建筑物提供冷却的空气,极大提高室内空气品质。
The utility model discloses an evaporative cooling and mechanical refrigeration composite air conditioner unit, which includes a unit fresh air section, a unit filter, a tubular indirect evaporative cooler, a unit return air section, a mechanical refrigeration surface cooler, and The direct evaporative cooler, the unit fan, and the mechanical refrigeration surface cooler are respectively connected to the outlets of the mechanical refrigeration evaporator and the evaporative condenser through pipes. The composite air conditioner unit of the utility model has a simple structure. The multi-stage evaporative cooling unit and the mechanical refrigeration chiller unit are combined into one body. In hot seasons, the evaporative cooling precooling and mechanical refrigeration can be combined to open to meet the air conditioning load requirements of buildings. In most transitional seasons, one stage of indirect plus direct evaporative cooling or two stages of indirect plus direct evaporative cooling are turned on respectively, and fresh air operation provides cooling air for buildings, greatly improving indoor air quality.
Description
技术领域technical field
本实用新型属于空调制冷技术领域,涉及一种空调机组,具体涉及一种蒸发冷却与机械制冷复合空调机组。The utility model belongs to the technical field of air-conditioning and refrigeration, and relates to an air-conditioning unit, in particular to an air-conditioning unit combined with evaporative cooling and mechanical refrigeration.
背景技术Background technique
作为调节建筑物室内环境和空气品质的有效手段,空调在人们的生活中越来越占据重要的作用。对全年运行的集中式空调系统来说,机械制冷运行费用高,能耗大,并随着使用时间的延长,电能消耗的费用、设备损坏更新等费用持续上升,导致使用成本逐年递增、居高不下。再者机械制冷所使用的制冷剂CFCs及HCFC工质,会对臭氧层产生破坏以及导致温室效应的产生。蒸发冷却技术由于不使用CFCs而采用水作为制冷剂,属纯天然冷媒,用它来代替压缩制冷系统会避免CFCs的使用和减少温室气体的排放,对大气环境无污染。另外,蒸发冷却技术的能耗低、初投资少,且采用全新风,空气品质良好,因此成为现代空调技术领域的一个重要发展方向。As an effective means of adjusting the indoor environment and air quality of buildings, air conditioning plays an increasingly important role in people's lives. For a centralized air-conditioning system that operates throughout the year, the operating cost of mechanical refrigeration is high and the energy consumption is high. With the extension of the use time, the cost of electric energy consumption, equipment damage and renewal costs continue to rise, resulting in increasing use costs year by year. Not high enough. Furthermore, the refrigerants CFCs and HCFCs used in mechanical refrigeration will destroy the ozone layer and cause the greenhouse effect. Evaporative cooling technology does not use CFCs but uses water as a refrigerant, which is a pure natural refrigerant. Using it to replace compression refrigeration systems will avoid the use of CFCs and reduce greenhouse gas emissions, and has no pollution to the atmospheric environment. In addition, evaporative cooling technology has low energy consumption, low initial investment, and uses fresh air to ensure good air quality, so it has become an important development direction in the field of modern air conditioning technology.
如果将蒸发冷却技术与传统机械制冷相结合,实现在高温炎热季节利用蒸发冷却技术对新风进行预冷,后再经机械制冷冷却处理;而大量过渡季节单独使用蒸发冷却来达到调节空气的目的,可以充分发挥蒸发冷却和机械制冷各自的优点。If the evaporative cooling technology is combined with the traditional mechanical refrigeration, the evaporative cooling technology can be used to pre-cool the fresh air in the high temperature and hot seasons, and then the fresh air will be cooled by mechanical refrigeration; while a large number of transitional seasons use evaporative cooling alone to achieve the purpose of air conditioning. The respective advantages of evaporative cooling and mechanical refrigeration can be fully utilized.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本实用新型的目的是提供一种蒸发冷却与机械制冷复合空调机组,在高温炎热季节利用蒸发冷却技术对新风进行预冷,再经机械制冷冷却;而大量过渡季节单独使用蒸发冷却来达到调节空气的目的。The purpose of this utility model is to provide an evaporative cooling and mechanical refrigeration composite air conditioner unit, which uses evaporative cooling technology to pre-cool the fresh air in high-temperature and hot seasons, and then cools it through mechanical refrigeration; the goal of.
本实用新型所采用的技术方案是,蒸发冷却与机械制冷复合空调机组,按进风方向包括依次设置的机组新风段、机组过滤器、管式间接蒸发冷却器、机组回风段、机械制冷表冷器、直接蒸发冷却器和机组风机,机械制冷表冷器通过管道分别与机械制冷蒸发器和蒸发式冷凝器的出口相连接。The technical solution adopted by the utility model is that the evaporative cooling and mechanical refrigeration composite air conditioner unit includes the unit fresh air section, unit filter, tubular indirect evaporative cooler, unit return air section, and mechanical refrigeration meter arranged in sequence according to the air inlet direction. cooler, direct evaporative cooler and unit fan, and the mechanical refrigeration surface cooler is connected to the outlets of the mechanical refrigeration evaporator and the evaporative condenser through pipes.
机械制冷表冷器上设置有可调节旁通风阀。The mechanical refrigeration surface cooler is provided with an adjustable bypass ventilation valve.
与传统的蒸发冷却空调机组和机械制冷冷水机组相比,本实用新型的空调机组具有如下特点:Compared with traditional evaporative cooling air-conditioning units and mechanical refrigeration chillers, the air-conditioning unit of the utility model has the following characteristics:
1)采用一级间接蒸发表冷器预冷与机械制冷表冷器、直接蒸发冷却器相结合,组成三级空调机组,且机械制冷系统的冷凝器选用蒸发式冷凝器。“一机两用”,一方面在夏季最热月开启机械制冷时作为蒸发式冷凝器;对制冷剂起到冷凝散热作用。另一方面,在机械制冷机不开启的过渡季节里,作为冷却塔用,与表冷器组合成冷却塔供冷型间接蒸发冷却器,进行“免费供冷”。为了提高蒸发式冷凝器的换热效率,在空气入口处设置蒸发冷却填料,既对空气进行预冷又起到了过滤作用,将入口的空气中灰尘、污物进行过滤,保证了底部水槽中通往表冷器水质较为洁净。1) A three-stage air-conditioning unit is formed by combining a first-stage indirect evaporative surface cooler with a mechanical refrigeration surface cooler and a direct evaporative cooler, and the condenser of the mechanical refrigeration system is an evaporative condenser. "One machine with two uses", on the one hand, it is used as an evaporative condenser when the mechanical refrigeration is turned on in the hottest month of summer; it also has the effect of condensing and cooling the refrigerant. On the other hand, in the transition season when the mechanical refrigerator is not turned on, it is used as a cooling tower and combined with the surface cooler to form a cooling tower cooling type indirect evaporative cooler for "free cooling". In order to improve the heat exchange efficiency of the evaporative condenser, an evaporative cooling filler is installed at the air inlet, which not only pre-cools the air but also plays a role in filtering, and filters the dust and dirt in the air at the inlet, ensuring that the water in the bottom tank is ventilated. The water quality to the surface cooler is relatively clean.
2)机械制冷表冷器“一器两用”,夏季炎热季节通机械制冷制取的低温冷水,过渡季节机械制冷机组不开启,通冷却塔制取的高温冷水。2) The mechanical refrigeration surface cooler is "one device with two uses". In the hot summer season, the low-temperature cold water produced by mechanical refrigeration is passed through. In the transitional season, the mechanical refrigeration unit is not turned on, and the high-temperature cold water produced by the cooling tower is passed.
3)可同时提供三级蒸发冷却空调送风或一级间接蒸发冷却与机械制冷相结合的空调送风(温降达15~20℃),并可产生15~20℃冷媒水。3) It can provide three-stage evaporative cooling air-conditioning air supply or one-stage indirect evaporative cooling combined with mechanical refrigeration air-conditioning air supply (temperature drop reaches 15-20°C), and can produce 15-20°C refrigerant water.
附图说明Description of drawings
附图是本实用新型蒸发冷却与机械制冷复合空调机组的结构示意图。The accompanying drawing is a structural schematic diagram of the combined evaporative cooling and mechanical refrigeration air conditioning unit of the present invention.
图中,1.机组新风段,2.机组过滤器,3.管式间接蒸发冷却器,4.机组回风段,5.机械制冷表冷器,6.直接蒸发冷却器,7.机组风机,8.机械制冷蒸发器,9.蒸发式冷凝器,10.可调节旁通风阀。In the figure, 1. Unit fresh air section, 2. Unit filter, 3. Tube type indirect evaporative cooler, 4. Unit return air section, 5. Mechanical refrigeration surface cooler, 6. Direct evaporative cooler, 7. Unit fan , 8. Mechanical refrigeration evaporator, 9. Evaporative condenser, 10. Adjustable bypass ventilation valve.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本实用新型进行详细说明。The utility model will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
本实用新型的复合空调机组以一级间接蒸发冷却器、机械制冷表冷器为核心,将管式间接蒸发冷却器与小型机械制冷系统有机地复合在一起,将管式间接蒸发表冷器预冷与机械制冷表冷器、直接蒸发冷却器相结合组成的三级空调机组。其中机械制冷系统的冷凝器选用蒸发式冷凝器。如附图所示,按进风方向包括依次设置的机组新风段1、机组过滤器2、管式间接蒸发冷却器3、机组回风段4、机械制冷表冷器5、直接蒸发冷却器6和机组风机7。The composite air conditioning unit of the utility model takes the first-stage indirect evaporative cooler and the mechanical refrigeration surface cooler as the core, organically combines the tubular indirect evaporative cooler and the small mechanical refrigeration system, and pre-heats the tubular indirect evaporative surface cooler. A three-stage air-conditioning unit composed of a combination of cold and mechanical refrigeration surface coolers and direct evaporative coolers. Among them, the condenser of the mechanical refrigeration system is an evaporative condenser. As shown in the figure, according to the air inlet direction, it includes the unit fresh air section 1, unit filter 2, tubular indirect evaporative cooler 3, unit return air section 4, mechanical refrigeration surface cooler 5, and direct evaporative cooler 6. And unit blower 7.
机械制冷表冷器5经过三通阀门P1、P2的转换通过管道A、B及D、E分别与机械制冷蒸发器8和蒸发式冷凝器9的进出口相连接;当机械制冷表冷器5通过管道A、B与机械制冷蒸发器8连接时,调节三通阀门P3、P4关闭D、E管段,使蒸发式冷凝器的喷淋循环水通过管段C进行自循环喷淋。The mechanical refrigeration surface cooler 5 is connected to the inlet and outlet of the mechanical refrigeration evaporator 8 and the evaporative condenser 9 through pipelines A, B, D, and E respectively through the conversion of the three-way valves P1 and P2; when the mechanical refrigeration surface cooler 5 When the pipes A and B are connected to the mechanical refrigeration evaporator 8, adjust the three-way valves P3 and P4 to close the pipe sections D and E, so that the spray circulating water of the evaporative condenser passes through the pipe section C for self-circulation spraying.
本实用新型蒸发冷却与机械制冷复合空调机组中的第一级管式间接蒸发冷却器采用循环水喷淋,机械制冷表冷器5中所用低温及高温冷水分别来自机械制冷冷水机组和冷却塔。其中,为了满足不同房间送风状态点的要求,在表冷器5处设有可调节旁通风阀10,设计工况下,可调节旁通风阀10完全关闭,新回风混合后完全经处理后送入房间。当室内余热、余湿变化时,电动风阀自动调节开度,并调节旁通风与处理风的混合比,使混合后送风达到室内状态参数的要求。蒸发冷却与机械制冷复合空调机组为建筑物提供冷却的空气。The first-stage tube-type indirect evaporative cooler in the composite air-conditioning unit of evaporative cooling and mechanical refrigeration of the utility model adopts circulating water spraying, and the low-temperature and high-temperature cold water used in the mechanical refrigeration surface cooler 5 come from the mechanical refrigeration chiller and cooling tower respectively. Among them, in order to meet the requirements of different room air supply status points, an adjustable bypass ventilation valve 10 is provided at the surface cooler 5. Under the design working condition, the adjustable bypass ventilation valve 10 is completely closed, and the new return air is completely processed after being mixed. Then sent to the room. When the indoor residual heat and residual humidity change, the electric air valve automatically adjusts the opening, and adjusts the mixing ratio of the bypass ventilation and the processing air, so that the mixed air supply meets the requirements of the indoor state parameters. Combined evaporative cooling and mechanical refrigeration air conditioning units provide cooled air to buildings.
蒸发冷却与机械制冷复合空调机组的工作过程:夏季炎热季节室外空气依次经过机组新风段1,经机组过滤器2过滤后,经管式间接蒸发冷却器3降温,通过机组回风段4后再经机械制冷表冷器5进一步冷却;过渡季节室外空气依次经过机组新风段1,经机组过滤器2过滤后,经管式间接蒸发冷却器3降温,再经表冷器5继续降温,(此时表冷器通冷却塔制备的高温冷水)经第三级直接蒸发冷却器6等焓加湿,可使室外空气温度降低15~20℃左右,将降温后的空气经机组风机7送入建筑物内。The working process of the evaporative cooling and mechanical refrigeration combined air conditioning unit: in the hot summer season, the outdoor air passes through the fresh air section 1 of the unit in sequence, after being filtered by the unit filter 2, it is cooled by the tubular indirect evaporative cooler 3, and then passed through the return air section 4 of the unit. The mechanical refrigeration surface cooler 5 is further cooled; in the transition season, the outdoor air passes through the fresh air section 1 of the unit successively, and after being filtered by the unit filter 2, it is cooled by the tubular indirect evaporative cooler 3, and then continues to cool down by the surface cooler 5, (at this time, the surface The high-temperature cold water prepared by the cooler through the cooling tower) is enthalpy humidified by the third-stage direct evaporative cooler 6, which can reduce the outdoor air temperature by about 15-20°C, and the cooled air is sent into the building through the unit fan 7.
本实用新型的特点是将多级蒸发冷却机组与机械制冷机组复合为一体,充分利用蒸发冷却“免费供冷”的节能效果,根据室外气候及室内负荷的变化,单独或与机械制冷联合处理为建筑物提供冷却的空气。该设备“一机两用”,一方面在夏季最热月开启机械制冷时作为蒸发式冷凝器;对制冷剂起到冷凝散热作用。另一方面,在机械制冷机不开启的过渡季节里,起到了冷却塔的作用,与表冷器组合成冷却塔供冷型间接蒸发冷却器,进行“免费供冷”。既降低了目前工程中大量采用的机械制冷系统的能耗,提高压缩机制冷能力,同时又减少了污染物的排放。The utility model is characterized in that the multi-stage evaporative cooling unit and the mechanical refrigeration unit are combined into one, and the energy-saving effect of "free cooling" of evaporative cooling is fully utilized. According to the change of outdoor climate and indoor load, it can be processed separately or in combination with mechanical refrigeration. Buildings provide cooled air. The equipment is "one machine with two uses". On the one hand, it is used as an evaporative condenser when the mechanical refrigeration is turned on in the hottest month of summer; it also has the effect of condensing and cooling the refrigerant. On the other hand, in the transition season when the mechanical refrigerator is not turned on, it plays the role of a cooling tower, and is combined with the surface cooler to form a cooling tower cooling type indirect evaporative cooler for "free cooling". It not only reduces the energy consumption of the mechanical refrigeration system widely used in the current project, improves the refrigeration capacity of the compressor, but also reduces the emission of pollutants.
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