CN201083996Y - Variable fertilizing control device - Google Patents
Variable fertilizing control device Download PDFInfo
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- CN201083996Y CN201083996Y CNU2007201734402U CN200720173440U CN201083996Y CN 201083996 Y CN201083996 Y CN 201083996Y CN U2007201734402 U CNU2007201734402 U CN U2007201734402U CN 200720173440 U CN200720173440 U CN 200720173440U CN 201083996 Y CN201083996 Y CN 201083996Y
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- fertilizer
- control device
- adjusting knob
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a variable fertilization control device, belonging to automatic control device field, which comprises a single-chip microcomputer which is used to receive external information, input information, feedback information, and communicate information. The control information about the control of the fertilization amount of the fertilization machine is output and displayed after the internal operation of the single-chip microcomputer. The single-chip microcomputer is connected with an electro-hydraulic proportional valve through the converter. The input of the electro-hydraulic proportional valve is connected with the converter and the output is connected with hydraulic motor. The output of the hydraulic motor is connected with the fertilizer discharging shaft of the fertilization machine. A photoelectricity code disc is arranged at one end of the fertilizer discharging shaft and the electrical signal of the photoelectricity are feed-backed to the single-chip microcomputer. The single-chip is also connected with an adjusting knob circuit. The electro-hydraulic proportional valve and the adjusting knob circuit are controlled by the single-chip microcomputer and are used to adjust the fertilization amount of the fertilizer discharging shaft. The utility model has the advantages that: the integral manual and automatic variable fertilization device has high practical value, simple structure and convenient operation.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to the automaton field, be particularly related to a kind of general and manually and automatically be designed to incorporate variable fertilization controller, can automatic reception or by manual input rate of fertilizer application, utilize closed loop control algorithm in the single-chip microcomputer accurately to realize the output of control signal.
Background technology
Precision agriculture is one of hot fields of research of agricultural science in the world in recent years.The implication of accurate agricultural is exactly the actual conditions according to each operating unit of field; meticulously adjust every soil and crop management measure exactly; optimizing every agricultural to greatest extent drops into; to obtain production peak and maximum economic benefit; protect agroecological environment simultaneously, agricultural natural resources such as protection soil.Precision agriculture is the combination of the new and high technology of existing agricultural production measure and newly-developed.Precision agriculture is mainly carried out from two aspects at present, one is based on the precision agriculture of geography information device (GIS), GPS device (GPS), remote sensing technology (RS) and computer controlled automatic device, just so-called precision agriculture based on " 3S "; Two are based on the precision agriculture of sensor technology.At present, based on the difference of management object, the technical foundation of employing is different.But regardless of its based on technology, it is final that what realize is Variable Control to agricultural measures.
The essence of precision agriculture is exactly according to the soil crop spatial variability information of collecting, and determines corresponding agricultural measures at the concrete condition in plot aborning.Because the Spatial Variability in plot, so some tillage control measures also must be made corresponding variation in the process of operation.The tillage control measure content that need to change is a lot, mainly comprises the using of irrigation, agricultural chemicals, herbicide, sowing, fertilising or the like, and wherein variable fertilization is an important measures.The enforcement of precision agriculture can be described as a complex engineering, the extensive work result will concentrate and want on the signalman installation drawing in early stage, the requirement of the corresponding agronomic measures in different location in the plot is proposed on the figure, and the variation of implementing measure just need the computing machine that can put down in writing this signalman installation drawing, need corresponding apparatus can know position on the plot, current facility place, can from the signalman installation drawing read current requirement to the farming measure, order facility to go to carry out then as requested.
Variable fertilization is the important content of precision agriculture technology, its ultimate principle is exactly the nutrient content characteristics according to soil, reduce rate of fertilizer application in the place that soil nutrient is high, and in the low place increase fertilizer input amount of soil nutrient, make every effort under the situation that guarantees certain yield target, improve the chemical fertilizer utilization ratio.Variable fertilization machinery is under the navigation of GPS, can accurately obtain the geographic coordinate of its place job position in real time, under the control of control device, fertilising prescription map according to prior generation is applied fertilizer, automatically in the low local many fertilisings of soil nutrient, reduce fertilising in the place that soil nutrient is high, stop fertilising in the place that need not apply fertilizer.Such fertilizer apparatus has improved the utilization ratio of chemical fertilizer greatly.
The existing both at home and abroad at present facility that are suitable for precisely sowing and fertilising realize that the equipment that variable fertilization uses assembles according to existing equipment.The taking and measure, determine that according to the soil sample test result variation of rate of fertilizer application, the signalman installation drawing that forms at last are input to computing machine of the drafting of plot figure, soil sample.
Computing machine can import ready-made plot figure, can receive the signal that GPS provides, also can cooperate navigator, the guiding tractor is by the travel route operation of setting on the figure of plot, the current farming Action Message that should adopt on the current location read operation command device figure that can also provide according to GPS, as use information of how much fertilizer etc.
Computer-readable goes out the information how much fertilizer is current location should use.And the valve driving electronic module provides the control oil motor to change with the control rate of fertilizer.
The principle of work of this device is: control desk drives electronic module according to gps signal and rate of fertilizer application signal controlling valve, module passes to the pressure size that hydraulic control valve changes hydraulic pressure with signal, the size variation of hydraulic pressure changes the rotating speed of oil motor, the change of rotating speed is by the rotating speed of chain rail change rotation axis, and rotating speed change rate of fertilizer application also just obtains control.
Present variable fertilization controller is some independent control modules often, perhaps carry out communication by serial ports and other modules, and its extendability is relatively poor, can not form a perfect device.
The variable fertilization controller still is in the starting stage in China, and main at present dependence introduced external technology, digest and assimilate, and equipment price costliness, complex structure and the operating difficulties introduced.
The utility model content
(1) technical matters that will solve
The purpose of this utility model designs a kind of variable fertilization control device of tool singlechip controller, make this device have processing speed fast, can connect with multiple peripherals, aboundresources, stable performance and be easy to realize many kinds of control algolithms, and simple in structure, easy to operate.
(2) technical scheme
For achieving the above object, the technical solution of the utility model is to adopt a kind of variable fertilization control device, comprise single-chip microcomputer, be used to receive exterior storage information, input information, feedback information, communication information, output control information, display message, canned data, communication information after the single-chip microcomputer internal arithmetic is handled, described control information are the control to fertilizer machinery defertilizing amount;
Described canned data is that storer is connected with single-chip microcomputer, is used for canned data in advance is input to single-chip microcomputer, or the output information of single-chip microcomputer is preserved;
Described input information is that keyboard is connected with single-chip microcomputer, is used to import job parameter;
Described communication information is that single-chip microcomputer passes through being connected of serial line interface or expansion bus interface and other peripherals, is used for single-chip microcomputer and receives defertilizing amount information;
Described display message is that LCD is connected with single-chip microcomputer, is used for the demonstration of device duty or input job parameter;
Described single-chip microcomputer also is connected with electro-hydraulic proportional valve through converter, and the input end of described electro-hydraulic proportional valve is connected with converter, output terminal is connected with oil motor; The output terminal of described oil motor is connected with the fertilizer expelling shaft of fertilizer machinery, at an end of fertilizer expelling shaft photoelectric code disk is housed, and the electric signal of described photoelectric code disk is fed back to single-chip microcomputer; On described single-chip microcomputer, also be connected with the adjusting knob circuit; Described electro-hydraulic proportional valve and adjusting knob circuit are used to regulate the defertilizing amount of described fertilizer machinery fertilizer expelling shaft by Single-chip Controlling.
The utility model is provided with gear adjusting knob and logical decode chip in described adjusting knob circuit, single-chip microcomputer was by the defertilizing amount of reception information and canned data control row fertilizer machinery fertilizer expelling shaft when the gear adjusting knob was positioned at zero-span, when the gear adjusting knob was positioned at other gears, single-chip microcomputer was by the defertilizing amount of different gear control fertilizer machinery fertilizer expelling shafts.
Gear adjusting knob described in the utility model is provided with 12 gears.
Change-over circuit described in the utility model is made of converter, AND circuit and voltage amplifier circuit, is used for the output control signal of single-chip microcomputer is carried out digital-to-analog conversion and voltage amplification.
Converter described in the utility model is 4 passages, 8 figure place weighted-voltage D/A converters.
The utility model is connected with level translator between described single-chip microcomputer and described display, expansion bus interface, serial line interface, described level translator is used for voltage transitions.
The utility model also is connected with transceiver and high-speed light coupling chip between described level translator and expansion bus interface, be used to finish the information communication between single-chip microcomputer and the bus and prevent and disturb.
The utility model is connected with the keyboard chip between described single-chip microcomputer and described keyboard, can finely tune defertilizing amount by keyboard when the gear adjusting knob is positioned at different gear.
Single-chip microcomputer described in the utility model is to described fertilizer machinery fertilizer expelling shaft defertilizing amount F
wControl, according to the rate of fertilizer application prescription A of bus port input
r, the instantaneous speed of travel V of Work machine
t, be stored in the effective fertilizer expelling shaft fabric width of the Work machine W in the storer
t, its computing formula is:
F
w＝A
r×V
t×W
t。
Each circuit board of device described in the utility model is installed in the casing, on described casing, be provided with panel, on described panel, be provided with power interface, the code-disc interface that tests the speed, electro-hydraulic proportional valve interface, CAN bus interface, DB9 joint CAN bus interface, serial line interface, LCD backlight switch, power switch.
(3) beneficial effect
The utility model can be connected with external control devices by the CAN bus, and automatic reception rate of fertilizer application information realizes the automatic variable fertilising; Also can under the situation that does not have external control devices to participate in, realize manual variable fertilization by knob manual adjustment rate of fertilizer application.This manual variable fertilization device with automatic integratedization has higher utility, and simple in structure, easy to operate, easy to utilize.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the utility model schematic block circuit diagram;
Fig. 2 is the utility model control signal generation circuit schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 is the utility model knob interface circuit schematic diagram;
Fig. 4 is the utility model CAN bus interface circuit schematic diagram.
Fig. 5 is the utility model panel line schematic diagram.
Embodiment
Following examples are used to illustrate the utility model, but are not used for limiting scope of the present utility model.
As shown in Figure 1, be schematic block circuit diagram provided by the utility model.The TMS320LF2407A that adopts the production of TI company is as single-chip microcomputer.Single-chip microcomputer is connected with D/A converter to produce by the SPI interface controls the required control voltage of electro-hydraulic proportional valve, and the photoelectric code disk on the fertilizer expelling shaft is gathered rotary speed information and sent to the feedback information of single-chip microcomputer as closed-loop control by the QEP interface.Device is by external transceiving chip 82C250 expansion CAN bus communication interface, by level transferring chip MAX232 expansion serial communication interface.Also expanded the LCD of 128*64 pixel in the device, and expanded keyboard interface by keyboard interface chip ZLG7289, the interface of knob then links to each other with the I/O mouth of single-chip microcomputer.The 64K byte FLASH that extends out is used for the storage operation parameter, and the RAM of 64K uses when device simulation.Because the core level of single-chip microcomputer is 3.3 volts, and the level of CAN bus, serial ports and display is 5 volts, therefore external level translator 74LVC16245 is as level shifter interface.
Be illustrated in figure 2 as the control signal generation circuit schematic diagram.By the built-in SPI controller of single-chip microcomputer, add 8 D/A converters of TI company's T LC5620 SPI interface 4 passages, can realize the output of electric signal easily, be used to control electro-hydraulic proportional valve.Because the level that the control signal of TLC5620 requires is higher,, adopted the 74HC08 AND circuit among the figure so the high level of the CE_DA signal that SPICLK, SPISIMO and the IO mouth of single-chip microcomputer output need be simulated is raised.In order to improve the scope of output voltage, utilize amplifier LM358 that output voltage is carried out 2 times of amplifications in addition, make it reach the requirement of control electro-hydraulic proportional valve.
Be illustrated in figure 3 as knob interface circuit schematic diagram.The state of knob is judged by the I/O mouth of logical decode chip 74LS147 and single-chip microcomputer.When knob is in 0 grade promptly when " automatic mode ", controller receives the rate of fertilizer application information from CAN bus or serial ports.When being in other gear, can manually determine rate of fertilizer application; The rate of fertilizer application that different gears is corresponding different, and can finely tune by button.Wait for that the user by behind " determining " key, just starts fertilizer expelling shaft and applies fertilizer.Relevant information in the fertilising process shows by LCD.
Be illustrated in figure 4 as CAN bus interface circuit schematic diagram.TMS320LF2407A contains inside the CAN controller, adds a slice CAN transceiver 82C250 and just can finish the CAN bus communication.Because the CAN bus interface adopts the level of the logic level of 5V and singlechip controller 3.3V incompatible, so adopted 16 level conversion device 74ALVC16245 in the circuit as level conversion.In order to improve the reliability of CAN bus work, prevent to disturb, adopted high speed photo coupling chip 6N137 to realize the internodal electrical isolation of each CAN on the bus in the circuit.
During concrete enforcement, can send rate of fertilizer application information to the variable fertilization controller, also can manually import rate of fertilizer application by knob and button by CAN bus or serial ports; After having determined rate of fertilizer application, controller can read the fabric width information of storing among the FLASH and from the speed information on the CAN bus, and determines the current control voltage swing that will export by formula.After treating that the user is by " determining " key, device starts fertilising, and fertilizer begins to rotate.The rotary speed information of fertilizer expelling shaft feeds back to controller by photoelectric code disk, and controller utilizes pid algorithm to adjust the output of control voltage in real time, reaches the purpose of accurate fertilising.Be illustrated in figure 5 as panel line schematic diagram.
The principle of work of the utility model variable fertilization control device is:
The fertilising recipe quantity of suppose device in a certain fertilising unit is A
r, that the instantaneous speed of travel of Work machine is V at this moment
t, effective fabric width of fertilizer machinery is W
t, the moment flow of fertilizer is F
w, then have:
F
w＝A
r×V
t×W
t。
By formula as can be seen, under the prerequisite of the energy The real time measure Work machine speed of travel, desire to make device to apply fertilizer according to recipe quantity, core missions are flows of control fertilizer.The rotating speed of fertilizer driving mechanism is the determinative of fertilizer flow.This controller is selected the driving element of electro-hydraulic proportional valve as control oil motor fertilizer mechanism, so only needs the voltage signal of output control electric-hydraulic proportion valve opening just can realize changing the purpose of oil motor rotating speed, thereby controls the fertilizer expelling shaft rotating speed.
The utility model is compared with traditional microcontroller, and single-chip microcomputer has that processing speed is fast, peripheral hardware aboundresources, stable performance and be easy to realize many advanced persons' advantages such as control algolithm, is applicable to the control field.Utilize the built-in CAN controller of single-chip microcomputer, add a slice CAN transceiver 82C250, realize CAN bus communication with host computer.Utilize the SPI interface control D/A converter of single-chip microcomputer to produce voltage signal, after amplifier is amplified, be loaded on the electro-hydraulic proportional valve,, reach the purpose of control fertilizer flow then by the rotating speed of oil motor control fertilizer mechanism; The rotating speed of gathering the fertilizer driving mechanism by the photoelectric code disk that is installed on the fertilizer expelling shaft utilizes pid control algorithm to carry out closed-loop control as feedback signal.External LCD and keyboard, the demonstration of implement device state and the input of controlled variable.The knob of external one 12 gear is used for manually, the switching and the rate of fertilizer application of fertilizer application mode are set automatically.Expansion has the FLASH storer to be used for the storage of job parameter in the controller.
When carrying out the automatic variable fertilising, knob is placed " automatic mode " gear, rate of fertilizer application information sends to the variable fertilization controller by the CAN bus; When manually applying fertilizer, knob is placed suitable gear, LCD is last will to show the rate of fertilizer application size, can finely tune the rate of fertilizer application size by button; The velocity information of tractor sends to the variable fertilization controller by the CAN bus, and fabric width information then is kept among the FLASH in advance.Like this, given rate of fertilizer application A
r, fabric width W
tWith speed information V
t, the variable fertilization controller just can calculate the moment flow F of current fertilizer according to formula
w, and being converted to required control voltage, the rotary speed information that obtains according to feedback carries out the PID closed-loop control.When rate of fertilizer application changed, controller can be adjusted the output of control voltage in real time.
Claims (10)
1. variable fertilization control device, comprise single-chip microcomputer, be used to receive exterior storage information, input information, feedback information, communication information, output control information, display message, canned data, communication information after the single-chip microcomputer internal arithmetic is handled, described control information are the control to fertilizer machinery defertilizing amount;
Described canned data is that storer is connected with single-chip microcomputer, is used for canned data in advance is input to single-chip microcomputer, or the output information of single-chip microcomputer is preserved;
Described input information is that keyboard is connected with single-chip microcomputer, is used to import job parameter;
Described communication information is that single-chip microcomputer passes through being connected of serial line interface or expansion bus interface and other peripherals, is used for single-chip microcomputer and receives defertilizing amount information;
Described display message is that LCD is connected with single-chip microcomputer, is used for the demonstration of device duty or input job parameter;
It is characterized in that: described single-chip microcomputer also is connected with electro-hydraulic proportional valve through converter, and the input end of described electro-hydraulic proportional valve is connected with converter, output terminal is connected with oil motor; The output terminal of described oil motor is connected with the fertilizer expelling shaft of fertilizer machinery, at an end of fertilizer expelling shaft photoelectric code disk is housed, and the electric signal of described photoelectric code disk is fed back to single-chip microcomputer; On described single-chip microcomputer, also be connected with the adjusting knob circuit; Described electro-hydraulic proportional valve and adjusting knob circuit are used to regulate the defertilizing amount of described fertilizer machinery fertilizer expelling shaft by Single-chip Controlling.
2. variable fertilization control device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: be provided with gear adjusting knob and logical decode chip in described adjusting knob circuit, single-chip microcomputer was by the defertilizing amount of reception information and canned data control fertilizer machinery fertilizer expelling shaft when the gear adjusting knob was positioned at zero-span; When the gear adjusting knob was positioned at other gears, single-chip microcomputer was by the defertilizing amount of different gear control fertilizer machinery fertilizer expelling shafts.
3. variable fertilization control device as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that: described gear adjusting knob is provided with 12 gears.
4. variable fertilization control device as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that: described change-over circuit is made of converter, AND circuit and voltage amplifier circuit, is used for the output control signal of single-chip microcomputer is carried out digital-to-analog conversion and voltage amplification.
5. variable fertilization control device as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that: described converter is 4 passages, 8 figure place weighted-voltage D/A converters.
6. variable fertilization control device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: be connected with level translator between described single-chip microcomputer and described display, expansion bus interface, serial line interface, described level translator is used for voltage transitions.
7. variable fertilization control device as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that: also be connected with transceiver and high-speed light coupling chip between described level translator and expansion bus interface, be used to finish the information communication between single-chip microcomputer and the bus and prevent and disturb.
8. variable fertilization control device as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that: be connected with the keyboard chip between described single-chip microcomputer and described keyboard, by keyboard defertilizing amount finely tuned when the gear adjusting knob is positioned at different gear.
9. variable fertilization control device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: described single-chip microcomputer is to described fertilizer machinery fertilizer expelling shaft defertilizing amount F
wControl, according to the rate of fertilizer application prescription A of bus port input
r, the instantaneous speed of travel V of Work machine
t, be stored in the effective fertilizer expelling shaft fabric width of the Work machine W in the storer
t, its computing formula is: F
w=A
r* V
t* W
t
10. as the described variable fertilization control device of the arbitrary claim of claim 1 to 9, it is characterized in that: each circuit board of described device is installed in the casing, on described casing, be provided with panel, on described panel, be provided with power interface, the code-disc interface that tests the speed, electro-hydraulic proportional valve interface, CAN bus interface, DB9 joint CAN bus interface, serial line interface, LCD backlight switch, power switch.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNU2007201734402U CN201083996Y (en) | 2007-09-28 | 2007-09-28 | Variable fertilizing control device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNU2007201734402U CN201083996Y (en) | 2007-09-28 | 2007-09-28 | Variable fertilizing control device |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN201083996Y true CN201083996Y (en) | 2008-07-09 |
Family
ID=39626467
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNU2007201734402U Expired - Fee Related CN201083996Y (en) | 2007-09-28 | 2007-09-28 | Variable fertilizing control device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN201083996Y (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102929183A (en) * | 2012-11-26 | 2013-02-13 | 东北农业大学 | Control device for variable-rate liquid fertilizer application |
| CN105917819A (en) * | 2016-06-16 | 2016-09-07 | 北京德邦大为科技股份有限公司 | Intelligent accurate seeding system and control method |
| CN108307754A (en) * | 2018-02-07 | 2018-07-24 | 北京农业信息技术研究中心 | A kind of quantificationally fertilizing machine |
-
2007
- 2007-09-28 CN CNU2007201734402U patent/CN201083996Y/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102929183A (en) * | 2012-11-26 | 2013-02-13 | 东北农业大学 | Control device for variable-rate liquid fertilizer application |
| CN105917819A (en) * | 2016-06-16 | 2016-09-07 | 北京德邦大为科技股份有限公司 | Intelligent accurate seeding system and control method |
| CN108307754A (en) * | 2018-02-07 | 2018-07-24 | 北京农业信息技术研究中心 | A kind of quantificationally fertilizing machine |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| C17 | Cessation of patent right | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20080709 Termination date: 20100928 |