CN201080454Y - Sewage disposal biological filtering tower - Google Patents
Sewage disposal biological filtering tower Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN201080454Y CN201080454Y CNU2007201124774U CN200720112477U CN201080454Y CN 201080454 Y CN201080454 Y CN 201080454Y CN U2007201124774 U CNU2007201124774 U CN U2007201124774U CN 200720112477 U CN200720112477 U CN 200720112477U CN 201080454 Y CN201080454 Y CN 201080454Y
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- packing material
- biologic packing
- water
- pedestal
- tower body
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
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- Biological Treatment Of Waste Water (AREA)
Abstract
Disclosed is a biological filtration tower used for sewage disposal, consisting of a tower body (1), a water inlet (2), a water distributor (3) communicated with the water inlet (2), biological stuffing zones (4) and a base (5); wherein the biological stuffing zones (4) are distributed on the whole tower body (1), the water distributor (3) is arranged above the biological stuffing zones (4), and a stuffing supporting net is arranged between the surface of the roof plate of the base (5) and the biological stuffing zones (4); the base (5) is composed of a roof plate , a floor plate (52) and side walls (53) encircled between the roof plate and the floor plate; the roof plate of the base (5) is provided with through holes (51a), the side walls (53) of the base (5) are provided with ventholes at the upper parts (53b), and weep holes (53c) are arrange on the bottom. Compared with the prior art, with the purification method of natural flow from top to bottom, the biological filtration tower of the utility model has the advantages of low energy consumption and simple integral structure with fewer parts; thus the construction cost is greatly reduced and the filtration tower is easy for practical application.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to technical field of sewage, relates in particular to a kind of biological filtering tower combined working in order to sewage disposal.
Background technology
Along with the continuous reinforcement that the continuous in short supply and environmental pollution of water resources is administered, people have begun concern various sewage have been handled, and are used as much as possible again.At present, the device that town domestic sewage is administered can be divided into active sludge filtering basin, biofiltration filter tank, bio-contact oxidation filter tower etc. substantially, wherein filtering basin carry out separately because of the needs substep, all in occupation of bigger area, therefore, there are structure disperse, take up room big, defectives such as investment cost is high, filtration cycle is long, operational management complexity, do not popularized preferably, restricted carrying out that current town sewage deals with the work.
So, the bio-contact oxidation filter tower that can avoid above-mentioned defective and adapt on a small scale decentralized use is much accounted of, it utilizes biologic packing material fully to contact with sewage and biological respinse takes place, thereby sewage is purified, and is that the Chinese utility model patent " floated biological contact sewage disposal oxidizing tower " of ZL01229765.8 (publication number is CN2486547Y) discloses a kind of biological filtering tower combined working in order to sewage disposal as the patent No..This biological filtering tower combined working is made up of tower body, the water distributor that is connected with water inlet pipe, gas distribution system, biologic packing material district, settling section, triangle effluent weir, sludge bucket; Wherein, sludge bucket, water distributor, gas distribution system are positioned at the bottom of oxidizing tower, and water distributor is contained on the base plate of tower body; The sludge bucket upper edge contacts with Ta Bi, and sludge bucket lower edge seat is on base plate, and mud evacuated tube one end stretches into the sludge bucket bottom, and its other end stretches out tower body; Gas distribution system is positioned at the top of water distributor, and gas distribution system is arranged by level and gas distribution pipe that interconnects and the spherical micro-hole aerator that is installed on the gas distribution pipe are formed, and spherical micro-hole aerator is distributed on the gas distribution pipe; The biologic packing material district is positioned at the oxidizing tower middle part and above gas distribution system, is provided with the charging manhole on the tower body sidewall in biologic packing material district, and the filler cover net is equipped with in the top in the biologic packing material district, and the gauze packing bracing frame is equipped with in its bottom; Settling section forms drainage tray between triangle effluent weir and the tower body perisporium between filler cover net and triangle effluent weir, drainage tray is connected with water shoot.During this biological filtering tower combined working work, sewage enters tower body inside by the bottom of tower body, sewage is distributed to the below in biologic packing material district through water distributor, then progressively cover the biologic packing material district, sewage is contacted with biologic packing material and biological respinse takes place, clear water through biofiltration is deposited in the settling section on tower body top, is discharged by drainage tray.
There is following defective in this biological filtering tower combined working: first, in the tower body of this biological filtering tower combined working, the pressure of its base plate top sewage is obviously many greatly than the pressure of its top settling section clear water, and the sewage bottom that is input to tower body progressively just need to be made sewage have bigger pressure, generally be to adopt water pump that sewage is driven in the tower body, therefore, flow through the from the bottom to top purification style of direction of this sewage must need to consume very big energy; Second, though this biological filtering tower combined working can make the distribution of sewage below the biologic packing material district more even by improving water distributor, but when filtering, sewage from bottom to top oneself overflows, the flow direction of sewage after water distributor output is uncontrollable at all, this causes the skewness of sewage in biologic packing material easily, influences the degree that fully contacts between sewage and the biologic packing material, thereby can reduce the sewage purification rate of this biological filtering tower combined working; The 3rd, in the tower body bottom, sewage distribution layer, the gas distribution system layer bigger space that accounts for, comparatively speaking, for the tower body of same size, this substantive zone that really is used to purify of biologic packing material layer, its space is less relatively, so the intravital space availability ratio of tower is not high; The 4th, be full of in the tower body of this biological filtering tower combined working water is arranged, its tower body is except open top sealing to external world mutually, and sewage and biologic packing material carry out biological respinse oxygen must be arranged, oxygen in this biological filtering tower combined working must be supplied with by other parts, it is gas distribution system, this has just directly increased the laid down cost of biological filtering tower combined working, and this gas distribution system structure more complicated, in the intravital layout of tower the construction difficulty that has increased biological filtering tower combined working again is installed, be not easy to actual enforcement, and this gas distribution system is with water inlet pipe, water distributor, parts such as mud evacuated tube cover, and are unfavorable for very much the maintenance and the maintenance of biological filtering tower combined working.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved in the utility model is that the biological filtering tower combined working in order to sewage disposal that a kind of one-piece construction is very simple, space availability ratio is highly improved, wastewater purifying efficiency is even more ideal and it is low to consume energy, cost is lower is provided at above-mentioned prior art present situation.
The utility model solves the problems of the technologies described above the technical scheme that is adopted: should include tower body, water inlet pipe, the water-distributing device that is connected with water inlet pipe and the intravital biologic packing material of tower district in order to the biological filtering tower combined working of sewage disposal, and it is characterized in that:
Also include a pedestal, this pedestal comprises top board, base plate and is centered around between the two sidewall, has through hole on the top board of this pedestal, and the side wall upper part of this pedestal has ventilating pit, the sidewall bottom has posticum;
Described tower body upper and lower opening also is erected on the described pedestal, described biologic packing material district is covered with whole tower body, and described water-distributing device just is arranged on the top in biologic packing material district, and, also be equipped with the filler supporting network between described pedestal top board surface and the biologic packing material district.
Described water-distributing device can adopt existing various technology, simply, can adopt a plurality of water distribution pipelines of evenly arranging, but for guaranteeing to be sprayed at very uniformly the surface in biologic packing material district from the sewage that water inlet pipe enters, biologic packing material is fully used, and described water-distributing device can comprise the back shaft that is arranged on tower body central authorities and be arranged on the back shaft and can be the automatic turning spurt water device of center rotation with the back shaft;
Automatically turning spurt water device is also referred to as automatic sprinkler sometimes, at present in gardening pouring operation, comparatively universal in the crop irrigation operation, generally be divided into dynamic and unpowered two kinds, for cutting down the consumption of energy as much as possible, in biological filtering tower combined working of the present utility model, be good to adopt motorless automatic turning spurt water device, for making structure simpler, this is unpowered, and automatic turning spurt water device can comprise a water distributor that has a plurality of water distributing pores, a plurality of water distributing pores on this water distributor are that the center is divided into two sections opposite water distributing pores of direction with the back shaft, like this, the sewage that comes by water pump lifting enters water distributor then through water inlet pipe, has jet action from the water distributing pore of water distributor effusive sewage band certain pressure, like this, two sections opposite water columns of direction must make water distributor under the situation that does not have exterior power to supply with, also can be that the center rotates automatically with the back shaft, realize the effect of unpowered automatic rotation water distributing.
When sewage and biologic packing material are come in contact, can be with certain slow-paced biologic packing material district that flows through, not by long being trapped in the biologic packing material district, the tap density of described biologic packing material district biologic packing material can be at 800～1150g/cm
3In the scope, and the voidage in this biologic packing material district is being good in 20%～30% scope.
Biologic packing material in the described biologic packing material district can adopt existing various micropore biofilter material, and sewage is when flowing through the biologic packing material district from top to bottom, sewage can be slowly with biologic packing material generation biological respinse, the biological respinse degree that is positioned at biologic packing material district upper strata sewage is often strong than the sewage that is positioned at biologic packing material district lower floor, for guaranteeing the decontamination effect improving of sewage, described biologic packing material district can be divided into two-layer up and down, its particle diameter of micropore biofilter material in the biologic packing material district, upper strata is 20～30mm, its particle diameter of micropore biofilter material in the lower floor biologic packing material district is 40～60mm, also be thin than lower floor of the filler on upper strata, filler contact surface in the upper strata biologic packing material district is bigger like this, and effluent stream is longer through the time on upper strata, guaranteed that the time that fully contacts takes place for sewage and filler, this bilevel topological design is more reasonable.
Described tower body can be built with material scenes such as cement, steel plates, but for to make the establishment of tower body laborsaving more convenient, described tower body can be cylindrical, assembled by a plurality of unit modules, this unit module comprises the extension edge of bending to the inside of an arc main body and arc main body both sides, all have screw on each extension edge, and, the medial surface on the top sides edge of arc main body or outer side have first breach and form and top bar, and bottom sides also has second breach and getting out of a predicament or an embarrassing situation of forming and top bar and match along correspondence at outer side or medial surface; During actual assembly unit, in two neighbouring unit modules, last unit module its bottom get out of a predicament or an embarrassing situation and can piece together mutually with topping bar of top in the lower unit module, and in two adjacent unit modules of the left and right sides, its two adjacent extension edges can be fitted mutually and be passed through bolting together, like this, the mutual amalgamation of a plurality of unit modules, fixing, and be assembled into a columnar tower body, make on-site consolidation very laborsaving, flexibly, shortened the construction period of tower body greatly, and, each unit module structure is identical, can mass production, and this unit module can adopt steel plate, plastics or other meet the material manufacturing.
For making firmer the establishing on pedestal of the assembled tower body of said units module, the position of corresponding described cylindrical circular tower body bottom, the top of described pedestal is provided with a circle annular slot, and described tower body bottom is with regard to being fastened among this draw-in groove and with the pedestal mortise.
For the structure that makes pedestal simpler, and can guarantee reliable anchorage force to cylindrical-shaped tower, described pedestal can have following structure design: the sidewall on the described pedestal ringwise and its position corresponding with described cylindrical-shaped tower, and, base plate central authorities setting at pedestal has a central support beam, at the central support beam top, with this central support beam is the centrosymmetric many supporting traverses that are provided with, the end of every supporting traverse just joins with described annular sidewall, also be, these many supporting traverses have just constituted described pedestal top board, make the top board of pedestal have skeleton construction, and between many supporting traverses nature reserve very large through hole, just the formation of nature the through hole on the top board, this pedestal can adopt material of construction such as mixing earth to build.
Compared with prior art, advantage of the present utility model is:
First, the utility model has been abandoned the flow through filtering process of direction of sewage in the existing biological filtering tower combined working from bottom to top, constructed a kind of brand-new, sewage is to flow and the biological filtering tower combined working of realization biopurification naturally from top to bottom, the structure of this biological filtering tower combined working is water-distributing device from top to bottom successively, the tower body of biologic packing material is housed, filler supporting network and pedestal, during real work, be spread across uniformly above the biologic packing material district by water-distributing device from entering the sewage that pipe enters, the gravity of sewage dependence itself flows to the below from the top in biologic packing material district, in this process, sewage contacts fully with biologic packing material and biological respinse takes place, and the required oxygen of biological respinse just the ventilating pit from the pedestal sidewall through the through hole of pedestal top board and enter in the biologic packing material district, like this, effusive from below, biologic packing material district through the water purification after purifying, through hole on the pedestal top board and falling in the pedestal, posticum from the pedestal sidewall is discharged at last, this sewage flows and the purification style of realization biopurification from top to bottom naturally, in the time of in sewage enters tower body, approach normal atmosphere from the effusive sewage of water-distributing device, thereby need not to consume bigger energy for overcoming pressure difference, this biological filtering tower combined working energy consuming ratio is lower, and the one-piece construction of biological filtering tower combined working is very simple, parts are less, greatly reduce laid down cost, be easier to practical application;
Second, naturally flow in the biologic packing material district owing to rely on the gravity of sewage itself, therefore, if guarantee that sewage is evenly distributed on the biologic packing material district and the biologic packing material district in the gap of biologic packing material well-balanced rationally, sewage just can take place fully to contact with biologic packing material uniformly, guarantees the decontamination effect improving of sewage;
The 3rd, except in actual applications, the tower body top need be reserved a bit reasonably space and overflow in order to prevent sewage, whole tower body inside all can be full of biologic packing material, be used for the substantive zone of sewage purification in the tower body, its space obviously increases, and the space availability ratio of tower body is significantly promoted;
The 4th, tower body has the teaming method of some unit module assembly units, makes the on-the-spot building of tower body laborsaving more convenient, has shortened the construction period of tower body greatly;
The 5th, biological filtering tower combined working of the present utility model, can effectively reduce the construction investment cost, floor space is little, and construction period is shorter, the topology layout advantages of simple, be highly susceptible to safeguarding and maintenance, and comparatively desirable to the decontamination effect improving of sewage, the COD (abbreviation of Chemical Oxygen Demand after engineering measurement is handled, meaning chemical oxygen demand (COD), is the index in order to evaluating water quality) can drop to below the 100mg/l.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the utility model embodiment;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of pedestal among the utility model embodiment;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of tower body unit module among the utility model embodiment.
Embodiment
Embodiment describes in further detail the utility model below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
As Fig. 1～shown in Figure 3, should be in order to the biological filtering tower combined working of sewage disposal, include the interior biologic packing material district 4 of tower body 1, water inlet pipe 2, the water-distributing device 3 that is connected with water inlet pipe 2, tower body 1 and be positioned at pedestal 5 under the tower body 1;
Wherein, the automatic turning spurt water device 32 that described water-distributing device 3 comprises the back shaft 31 that is arranged on tower body 1 central authorities and is provided with on the back shaft 31 and can back shaft 31 rotates for the center, this automatic turning spurt water device 32 is located in the top in biologic packing material district 4, wherein, this automatic turning spurt water device 32 adopts unpowered automatic turning spurt water device, this is unpowered, and automatic turning spurt water device comprises a water distributor that has a plurality of water distributing pores, and a plurality of water distributing pores on this water distributor are that the center is divided into two sections opposite water distributing pores of direction with back shaft 31;
Described biologic packing material district 4 is covered with whole tower body 1, also be all to be full of in the tower body 1 biologic packing material is arranged, this biologic packing material adopts the micropore biofilter material, and biologic packing material district 4 is divided into two-layer up and down, its particle diameter of micropore biofilter material in the biologic packing material district, upper strata 41 is 25mm, its particle diameter of micropore biofilter material in the lower floor biologic packing material district 42 is 50mm, and on the whole, the tap density of the biologic packing material in this biologic packing material district 4 is 1000g/cm
3, and the voidage in this biologic packing material district 4 is 25%;
Described tower body 1 is cylindrical, its upper and lower opening also is erected on the pedestal 5, this tower body 1 is assembled by a plurality of unit module 11, and this unit module 11 comprises the extension edge 11b of bending to the inside of an arc main body 11a and arc main body 11a both sides, all have screw 11c on each extension edge 11b, and, the medial surface on the top sides edge of arc main body 11a has the first breach 11d and forms the 11e that tops bar, and bottom sides also having the second breach 11f at outer side and form and the 11g that gets out of a predicament or an embarrassing situation that the 11e that tops bar matches along correspondence, concrete erection method is as follows: in two neighbouring unit modules 11, the 11e that tops bar at top pieces together mutually in the get out of a predicament or an embarrassing situation 11g and the lower unit module 11 of last unit module 11 its bottoms, in adjacent two unit modules 11 in the left and right sides, its two adjacent extension edge 11b fit mutually and pass through bolting together, thereby the unit module that a plurality of structures are identical 11 is assembled into a columnar tower body 1;
Described pedestal 5 comprises top board, base plate 52 and is centered around between the two annular sidewall 53, the position of this annular sidewall 53 is corresponding with cylindrical-shaped tower 1, the position of corresponding described cylindrical-shaped tower 1 bottom, the top of this annular sidewall 53 is provided with a circle annular slot 53a, the bottom of tower body 1 is with regard to being fastened among this draw-in groove 53a and combine with pedestal 5, and annular sidewall 53 tops of this pedestal 5 have ventilating pit 53b, annular sidewall 53 bottoms have posticum 53c;
Be somebody's turn to do one-piece construction in order to the biological filtering tower combined working of sewage disposal, be automatic turning spurt water device 32 from top to bottom successively, the tower body 1 of biologic packing material is housed, filler supporting network and pedestal 5, during real work, sewage directly enters from water inlet pipe 2, then be spread across uniformly above the biologic packing material district 4 by automatic turning spurt water device 32, then, the gravity of sewage dependence itself flows to the below from the top in biologic packing material district 4, in this process, sewage contacts fully with biologic packing material and biological respinse takes place, and the required oxygen of biological respinse just the ventilating pit 53b from pedestal 5 annular sidewalls 53 through the through hole 51a at pedestal 5 tops and enter in the biologic packing material district 4, like this, from the effusive water purification in 4 belows, biologic packing material district, drop in the pedestal 5 along the through hole 51a of pedestal 5, the posticum 53c from pedestal 5 sidewalls 53 discharges at last.
Claims (8)
1. the biological filtering tower combined working in order to sewage disposal includes the biologic packing material district (4) in tower body (1), water inlet pipe (2), the water-distributing device (3) that is connected with water inlet pipe (2) and the tower body (1), it is characterized in that:
Also include a pedestal (5), this pedestal (5) comprises top board, base plate (52) and is centered around between the two sidewall (53), have through hole (51a) on the top board of this pedestal (5), and sidewall (53) top of this pedestal (5) has ventilating pit (53b), sidewall (53) bottom has posticum (53c);
Described tower body (1) upper and lower opening also is erected on the described pedestal (5), described biologic packing material district (4) is covered with whole tower body (1), and described water-distributing device (3) just is arranged on the top of biologic packing material district (4), and, also be equipped with the filler supporting network between described pedestal (5) top board surface and biologic packing material district (4).
2. the biological filtering tower combined working in order to sewage disposal according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the automatic turning spurt water device (32) that described water-distributing device (3) comprises the back shaft (31) that is arranged on tower body (1) central authorities and is provided with that back shaft (31) is gone up and can back shaft (31) rotates for the center.
3. the biological filtering tower combined working in order to sewage disposal according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: described automatic turning spurt water device (32) adopts unpowered automatic turning spurt water device, this is unpowered, and automatic turning spurt water device comprises a water distributor that has a plurality of water distributing pores, and a plurality of water distributing pores on this water distributor are that the center is divided into two sections opposite water distributing pores of direction with back shaft (31).
4. the biological filtering tower combined working in order to sewage disposal according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the tap density of the interior biologic packing material in described biologic packing material district (4) is at 800～1150g/cm
3In the scope, and the voidage in this biologic packing material district (4) is in 20%～30% scope.
5. the biological filtering tower combined working in order to sewage disposal according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the biologic packing material in the described biologic packing material district (4) adopts the micropore biofilter material, and biologic packing material district (4) are divided into two-layer up and down, its particle diameter of micropore biofilter material in the biologic packing material district, upper strata (41) is 20～30mm, and its particle diameter of micropore biofilter material in lower floor biologic packing material district (42) is 40～60mm.
6. according to the described biological filtering tower combined working of arbitrary claim in the claim 1 to 5 in order to sewage disposal, it is characterized in that: described tower body (1) is cylindrical, assembled by a plurality of unit modules (11), this unit module (11) comprises the extension edge (11b) of bending to the inside of an arc main body (11a) and arc main body (11a) both sides, all have screw (11c) on each extension edge (11b), and, the medial surface on the top sides edge of arc main body (11a) or outer side have first breach (11d) and form and to top bar (11e), and bottom sides along correspondence at outer side or medial surface also having second breach (11f) and form get out of a predicament or an embarrassing situation (11g) that matches with top bar (11e).
7. the biological filtering tower combined working in order to sewage disposal according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: the position of the corresponding described cylindrical circular tower body in the top of described pedestal (5) (1) bottom is provided with a circle annular slot (53a), and described tower body (1) bottom just is fastened among this draw-in groove (53a) and combines with pedestal (5).
8. the biological filtering tower combined working in order to sewage disposal according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: the sidewall (53) on the described pedestal (5) ringwise and its position corresponding with described cylindrical-shaped tower (1), and, base plate central authorities setting at pedestal (5) has a central support beam (54), at central support beam (54) top, with this central support beam (54) is the centrosymmetric many supporting traverses (51) that are provided with, the end of every supporting traverse (51) just joins with described annular sidewall (53), and many supporting traverses (51) have just constituted the top board of described pedestal (5).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNU2007201124774U CN201080454Y (en) | 2007-08-03 | 2007-08-03 | Sewage disposal biological filtering tower |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNU2007201124774U CN201080454Y (en) | 2007-08-03 | 2007-08-03 | Sewage disposal biological filtering tower |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN201080454Y true CN201080454Y (en) | 2008-07-02 |
Family
ID=39614133
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNU2007201124774U Expired - Lifetime CN201080454Y (en) | 2007-08-03 | 2007-08-03 | Sewage disposal biological filtering tower |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN201080454Y (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102874925A (en) * | 2012-09-03 | 2013-01-16 | 李立 | Wastewater biochemical treatment machine and wastewater biochemical treatment machine set |
| CN104671459A (en) * | 2015-01-26 | 2015-06-03 | 常州大学 | Biofilter bed capable of treating river contaminants |
-
2007
- 2007-08-03 CN CNU2007201124774U patent/CN201080454Y/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102874925A (en) * | 2012-09-03 | 2013-01-16 | 李立 | Wastewater biochemical treatment machine and wastewater biochemical treatment machine set |
| CN104671459A (en) * | 2015-01-26 | 2015-06-03 | 常州大学 | Biofilter bed capable of treating river contaminants |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| AV01 | Patent right actively abandoned |
Effective date of abandoning: 20070803 |
|
| C25 | Abandonment of patent right or utility model to avoid double patenting |